Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 56 views

    Advent of British

    Uploaded by

    Ibrahim Tariq
    The British expanded in India through [1] battles which resulted in military victories over Indian rulers, [2] annexing territories after defeating local powers in war, [3] using the Doctrine of Lapse to annex states without a natural heir, and [4] establishing Subsidiary Alliances which gave the British indirect control over Indian states. [2] Indian opposition faced many challenges in preventing the growing British control, as they lacked unity and were divided both politically and militarily, allowing the British to use these divisions to their advantage in expanding dominance. [3] However, resistance such as the 1857 rebellion showed that Indians continued fighting for independence, though it would take many more decades for the British to fully withdraw

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content

    You might also like

    Advent of British

    Uploaded by

    Ibrahim Tariq
    56 views2 pages
    The British expanded in India through [1] battles which resulted in military victories over Indian rulers, [2] annexing territories after defeating local powers in war, [3] using the Doctrine of Lapse to annex states without a natural heir, and [4] establishing Subsidiary Alliances which gave the British indirect control over Indian states. [2] Indian opposition faced many challenges in preventing the growing British control, as they lacked unity and were divided both politically and militarily, allowing the British to use these divisions to their advantage in expanding dominance. [3] However, resistance such as the 1857 rebellion showed that Indians continued fighting for independence, though it would take many more decades for the British to fully withdraw

    Original Description:

    Original Title

    advent of british

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    The British expanded in India through [1] battles which resulted in military victories over Indian rulers, [2] annexing territories after defeating local powers in war, [3] using the Doctrine of Lapse to annex states without a natural heir, and [4] establishing Subsidiary Alliances which gave the British indirect control over Indian states. [2] Indian opposition faced many challenges in preventing the growing British control, as they lacked unity and were divided both politically and militarily, allowing the British to use these divisions to their advantage in expanding dominance. [3] However, resistance such as the 1857 rebellion showed that Indians continued fighting for independence, though it would take many more decades for the British to fully withdraw

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    56 views2 pages

    Advent of British

    Uploaded by

    Ibrahim Tariq
    The British expanded in India through [1] battles which resulted in military victories over Indian rulers, [2] annexing territories after defeating local powers in war, [3] using the Doctrine of Lapse to annex states without a natural heir, and [4] establishing Subsidiary Alliances which gave the British indirect control over Indian states. [2] Indian opposition faced many challenges in preventing the growing British control, as they lacked unity and were divided both politically and militarily, allowing the British to use these divisions to their advantage in expanding dominance. [3] However, resistance such as the 1857 rebellion showed that Indians continued fighting for independence, though it would take many more decades for the British to fully withdraw

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Q) What were the methods through which British expanded in India?

    [7]

    Ø Battles
    Ø Annexations
    Ø Doctrine of Lapse
    Ø Subsidiary Alliances (by Lord Wellesley)

    Q) Why were the British/BEIC/Europeans interested in India? [7]

    Ø Trade
    Ø As Britain was passing through a period of Industrial Revolution, it needed
    • Raw material for its industries
    • Markets for its products
    Ø Christian Missionaries wanted to spread Christianity in India, as they thought it was the true faith.
    Ø British wanted to “make India their area/sphere of influence” and “to turn the other Europeans out”.
    Ø India was strategically located.
    • British could secure the trade routes to East Asia.
    • British could put a check on her other colonies.

    Q) Why was power transferred from the BEIC to the British Government? [7]

    rd
    Ø BEIC was corrupt and would mismanage India – e.g Bengal famine resulted in the death of 1/3 of the entire
    population.
    Ø Officials of BEIC would indulge in private trade. They would become rich, while BEIC’s financial condition was
    turning worse.
    Ø Public opinion in Britain was turning against BEIC because of its reported wrong doings.
    Ø There was threat of French and Russian invasions of India from time to time.
    Ø War of 1857 – it had shown that India was too precious a territory and too serious a business to be dealt by a mere
    trading company.
    Therefore, BEIC was abolished in 1858 and India was brought under crown rule.

    Advent of British & Expansion

    Ø 1600 – Queen Elizabeth granted a charter, allowing BEIC to trade to the East of Africa.
    Ø 1608 – British arrived in Surat.
    Ø 1612 – BEIC set up trading post in Surat (allowed by Prince Khurram/ future Shah Jehan)
    Ø 1615 – Commercial treaty signed b/w Emperor Jahangir & EIC
    Ø 1640 – Another trading post set up at Bombay.
    Ø 1688 – Aurangzeb takes action against BEIC, after it refuses to pay taxes. After defeating it, however, he forgives
    BEIC but imposes heavy fine.
    Ø 1690 – BEIC allowed to set up trading post in Calcutta (present).
    Ø 1707 – Aurangzeb died.

    Battles:

    Ø 1740s-1750s – Karnatic Wars: French defeated by BEIC. FEIC dissolved.


    Ø 1757 – Battle of Plassey: Fought between Nawab of Bengal (Siraj-ud-Dula) and BEIC (Robert Clive)
    Siraj-ud-Dula defeated due to disloyalty of Mir Jafar (later made Nawab of Bengal).
    Ø 1764 – Battle of Buxar: BEIC defeated combined forces of
    • Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II,
    • Nawab of Bengal (Mir Qasim)
    • Nawab of Oudh
    Ø 1799 – Tipu Sultan of Mysore killed by Wellesley.
    Ø 1818 – Marathas defeated.
    Ø 1839 – British capture Afghanistan, its entire army destroyed two years later.

    Annexations:

    Ø 1843 – BEIC annex Sindh, after provoking Amirs of Sindh to attack (Charles Napier).
    st
    Ø 1846 – 1 Sikh war (Sikh army defeated by British).
    nd
    Ø 1849 – 2 Sikh war (BEIC annex Punjab and NWFP).
    Ø 1852 – Doctrine of Lapse issued by Lord Dalhousie.
    Ø 1800 – Subsidiary Alliances by Wellesley.

    Q) What were the methods through which British expanded in India? [7]

    Q) How successful was Indian opposition to British take over of their lands? Explain your answer. [14]

    You might also like