Textbook and Workbook

Content
SL Qaida
Topics
NO An- Nooraniya

Makharij
1 Introduction Lesson - 1

2 Al Jauf

3 Al Halq

4 Al Lissan

5 As shafatan

6 Al Khayshoom

Tajweed Rules
7 Tafqeem & Tarqeeq Lesson - 2
8 Harakaat Lesson –
4,5,6,7,10,12

9 Huroof al Maddah Lesson - 8

10 Huroof al Leen

11 Qalqala

12 Noon saakinn & Tanween Lesson - 11

13 Meem saakinn
(Points of pronunciation of Arabic letters)
Introduction:
Makhraj: it is the place of emitting the letter when
pronouncing it that differentiates that specific letter from
other letters.
Harf:
The sound which relies on a makhraj which is exact /
‫ المحقق‬or approximate /‫( المقدر‬The letter is a sound that
relies on a specific or approximate articulation point.)

Articulation points are two kinds.

: ‫ المخرج المحقق‬.1 : ‫ المخرج المقدر‬. 2

Specific articulation
point: it is that which
relies on a specific place
of the areas of the throat,
tongue or the two lips.
Approximate articulation
point: it is that which does
not rely on a specific place
from the areas of the throat,
or the tongue or the two
lips
To find out from which makhraj of a letter
emanates,
It should be made Sakin or mushaddad (mushaddad is more
effective) and a hamzah Mutaharrika (i.e. With a fathah, or
kasrah or dhammah) should be read before it.
Where the sound ends, this will be the Makhraj of that
particular letter
Example:

ْ‫ أَب‬, َّ‫أَب‬
5 main Major Areas
Label the diagram given below
 1. Al Jauf

(The emptiness of the mouth and throat)

➢ There is no specific point from which the
letters are pronounced
The three madd letters are

1) Alif sukun with a fathah before it (ْ‫)قَا َل‬

2) Waw sukun with a dammah before it (‫)يَقُول‬
3) Yaa sukun with a kasrah before it (‫) ِقيل‬
1. Alif sukun with a fathah before it (‫)قَا َل‬

An open mouth and

Relaxed tongue with
respect to alif

2. Waw sukun with a dammah before it (‫)يَقُ ْول‬

Tightly circled lips

and elevation of the
farthest part of the
tongue

3. Yaa sukun with a kasrah before it (‫) ِق ْيل‬

Elevation of the middle

part of the tongue
towards the roof of the
mouth, without any
involvement of the lips
 2. Al Halq (The throat)

Al Halq is a main makhraj that is sub-divided into

3 specific makharij
 ‫أقصى الحلق‬

Furthest part of
throat

‫وسط الحلق‬
The
middle
part of the
throat

‫أدنى الحلق‬
Nearest
part of
throat
Find the letters of Al Halq and circle them.

‫ب خ‬ ‫ج‬ ‫س‬
‫ق ن ه و‬ ‫د ح‬
‫ظ ء‬ ‫ج‬ ‫ي ث‬
‫ض ع‬ ‫غ‬ ‫ز‬
‫ا‬ ‫م‬ ‫ز‬
3. Al Lissan (The Tongue)
 From the deepest part
of the tongue and what
lies opposite to it of
roof of the mouth. (Soft
palate)

From the deepest part

of the tongue and what
lies opposite to it of
roof of the mouth.
(Hard palate)
From the middle of the tongue and the roof of the
mouth that lies opposite to it

‫حافة اللسان‬ It is articulated from

the posterior side of
the tongue and what
lies opposite to it of
the upper molars left
or right, also can be
from both sides at the
same time
 The articulation
point is from the
nearest part of the
sides of the tongue
(nearest to the
mouth) and the end
of its tip, and what
lies opposite to it of
the gums of the
first two upper
premolars to
premolars

From the tip of the

tongue along with its
adjoining gums below
the makhraj of laam

From the top part of

the tongue along with
its adjoining gums
 Top part of Top part of
the tip of the the tip of the
tongue and tongue and
the gum line the gum line
of the two of the two
top incisors top incisors
meet while meet while
the back the back
portion of the portion of
tongue is the tongue is
lowered. raised.

Tip of the Tip of the

tongue, from tongue, from
the top side the top side
of the tip, & of the tip,&
the bottom the bottom
edges of the edges of the
two top two top
incisors with incisors with
the lowering the raising of
of the back the back
portion of portion of
the tongue the tongue

The tip of the The tip of the

tongue placed tongue placed on
on the plates the plates of the
two lower
of the two
incisors, a small
lower incisors, space is left
a small space between the
is left between tongue and the
the tongue and incisors when
the incisors pronouncing
them, while the
when
back portion of
pronouncing the tongue is
them raised.
Match The Following:

Makhraj Its meaning Its Letters

‫اللسان‬ Furthest part of the Total 18 letters

tongue

‫أقصى اللسان‬
‫ق ك‬
Middle part of the
tongue

‫وسط اللسان‬
‫ج ش ي‬
Tip of the tongue

‫طرف اللسان‬
‫ط د ت‬
Side part of the
tongue

‫حافة اللسان‬
‫ض ل‬
The Tongue
 4. As Shafataan (The Lips)

Makhraj (‫)ف‬:
Between the inside of the lower lip and the tips
of the two front incisors
Makhraj (‫)و‬:
Un-lengthened Wow is articulated by forming a
circle of the two lips without the two lips meeting
completely

Makhraj (‫)م‬:
Articulated by closing the lips together

Makhraj (‫)ب‬:
Articulated by closing the two lips together, but a
stronger closing than the Meem
 5. Al Khayshoom

(Inner part of the nose)

Gunnah:
It’s a sound from nasal passage without any
function of the tongue. If you cover your nose
you will not be able to pronounce it
Fill the chart
Arabic Letter Main Makhraj Spesific Makhraj
‫ا‬
‫ب‬
‫ت‬
‫ث‬ Al Lissan Taraful Lissan
‫ج‬
‫ح‬
‫خ‬
‫د‬
‫ذ‬
‫ر‬
‫ز‬
‫س‬
‫ش‬
‫ص‬
‫ض‬
‫ط‬
‫ظ‬
‫ع‬
‫غ‬
‫ف‬
‫ق‬
‫ك‬
‫ل‬
‫م‬
‫ن‬
‫و‬
‫ه‬
‫ء‬
‫ي‬
3 Letters of Madd