MATERIALS FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING VERB –ING FORMS – DRS. IGNATIUS SEPTO PRAMESWORO, M. ED. TESOL, MM.

'-ing' forms
https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/english-grammar-reference/ing-forms

Level: beginner

We can use the -ing form of a verb:

1. as a noun:

I love swimming.
Swimming  is very good for your health.
You can get fit by swimming  regularly.
2. as an adjective:

The main problem today is rising prices.

That programme was really  boring.
He saw a woman  lying on the floor.

Part 1 -ing forms as nouns

-ing nouns are nearly always uncount nouns. They can be used:

1. as the subject of a verb:

Learning English  is not easy.

2. as the object of a verb:

We enjoy  learning English.

Common verbs followed by an -ing object are:

avoi
admit like hate start
d

sugges enjo dislik begi finis

t y e n h

3. as the object of a preposition :

Some people are not interested in learning English.

-ing form as a noun

Part 2 -ing forms as adjectives

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 MATERIALS FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING VERB –ING FORMS – DRS. IGNATIUS SEPTO PRAMESWORO, M. ED. TESOL, MM.
The -ing adjective can come:

1. in front of a noun:

I read an interesting article  in the newspaper today.

We saw a really  exciting match  on Sunday.
2. after a link verb like be,  look or sound:

Your new book sounds  very interesting.

The children can be  really annoying.

3. after a noun:

Who is that  man standing  over there?

The boy talking  to Angela is her younger brother

4. especially after verbs of the senses like see, watch, hear, smell, etc.:

I heard someone playing  the piano.

I can  smell something burning.

The commonest -ing adjectives are:

shocking
amusing interestin worrying
terrifyin
boring g exciting
g
disappointin surprising frightenin
annoyin
g tiring g
g

-ing form as an adjective

Part 3 Patterns with -ing forms

Because an -ing  noun or adjective is formed from a verb, it can have any of
the patterns which follow a verb. For example:

1. it can have an object:

I like playing tennis.
I saw a dog chasing a cat.

2. it can be followed by a clause:

I heard someone  saying that he saw you.

CONCLUSION
• subject of a verb
• adjective after a noun
• adjective in front of a noun
• adjective after a link verb
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 MATERIALS FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING VERB –ING FORMS – DRS. IGNATIUS SEPTO PRAMESWORO, M. ED. TESOL, MM.
• object of a verb
• object of a preposition

BENTUK –ING
HTTPS://WWW.EF.CO.ID/PANDUAN-BAHASA-INGGRIS/TATA-BAHASA-INGGRIS/BENTUK-ING/

Kata kerja yang berakhir dengan -ing adalah present participle atau gerund. Kedua bentuk ini terlihat identik.
Perbedaannya adalah fungsinya dalam kalimat.

PRESENT PARTICIPLE
Present participle biasanya digunakan sebagai bagian dari bentuk continuous dari suatu kata
kerja, setelah kata kerja yang berkaitan dengan indera, setelah kata kerja yang berkaitan
dengan pergerakan, atau sebagai kata sifat.

PRESENT PARTICIPLE SEBAGAI BAGIAN DARI BENTUK CONTINUOUS SUATU KATA KERJA
Present participle adalah salah satu unsur dari semua bentuk kata kerja continuous (past,
present, future, conditional, dsb.). Kata kerja bantunya akan menunjukkan tense yang
digunakan, sedangkan present participle tidak akan berubah.

CONTOH

 He is painting.
 She was waiting.
 They will be coming.
 We would be staying.
 I would have been leaving.

PRESENT PARTICIPLE SETELAH KATA KERJA YANG BERKAITAN DENGAN INDERA

Present participle dapat digunakan setelah kata kerja yang berkaitan dengan indera dalam
pola verb + object + present participle untuk menunjukkan tindakan atau kejadian yang
diamati dengan indera.

CONTOH

 We saw him swimming across the pond.

 I watched her painting Sarah's portrait.
 I couldn't hear her singing because of the noise.
 I would like to see you knitting sometime.

PRESENT PARTICIPLE SETELAH KATA KERJA YANG BERKAITAN DENGAN PERGERAKAN,

TINDAKAN, ATAU POSISI UNTUK MENUNJUKKAN AKTIVITAS YANG TERJADI BERSAMAAN

CONTOH

 She sat looking at the sea.

 He walks reading his newspaper.
 I cook listening to the radio.
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 MATERIALS FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING VERB –ING FORMS – DRS. IGNATIUS SEPTO PRAMESWORO, M. ED. TESOL, MM.
 Sally lay listening to the bugs in the grass.

PRESENT PARTICIPLE SEBAGAI KATA SIFAT

CONTOH

 Did you read that amazing book?

 This movie is so exciting!
 His economics class is boring.

Baca selengkapnya tentang cara menggunakan  present participle.

GERUND

Gerund  selalu memiliki fungsi yang sama sebagai kata benda meskipun terlihat seperti kata
kerja. Gerund  dapat digunakan dengan cara yang sama seperti kata benda.

GERUND SEBAGAI SUBJEK KALIMAT

CONTOH

 Eating people is wrong.
 Driving too fast is dangerous.
 Walking is good for you.
 Your knitting is beautiful.

GERUND SETELAH PREPOSISI

CONTOH

 Can you sneeze without opening your mouth?

 She is good at painting.
 I was the fastest at climbing the rope.
 He learns music by listening to the chords.

GERUND SETELAH KATA KERJA SPESIFIK TERTENTU

CONTOH

 I like cooking.
 He enjoys walking.
 They hate milking cows.
 I can imagine drifting away in a balloon.

GERUND DALAM KATA BENDA MAJEMUK

CONTOH

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MATERIALS FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING VERB –ING FORMS – DRS. IGNATIUS SEPTO PRAMESWORO, M. ED. TESOL, MM.
 I took her to her driving lessons.
 We are going to the swimming pool.
 My uncle does a lot of bird-watching.
 I found this pie by dumpster-diving.

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