EARTHINGSTANDARDS

EARTHING STANDARDS

PROTECTION OF ELECTRICAL
SYSTEMS AS PER IS/IEC 62305-4
Protection against Lightning-
Electrical & Electronic systems
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“within” structures- STANDARDS
IS / IECSTANDARDS
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62305
 Scope of Work : Provides information for the DESIGN, INSTALLATION, INSPECTION,
MAINTENANCE & TESTING of LPMS for Electrical & Electronic systems within
a structure, able to the risk of permanent failures due to lightning EM
Impulse.

 Not in Scope : This standard does not cover protection against

of electronic systems, which is due to EM interference.
(refer IS/IEC 60364-4-44 & IEC 61000 series)
History of EMC

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Difference between Transient
Surge & Other Disturbances
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Electrical & Electronic
Equipment
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Protection against Lightning-
Electrical & Electronic systems
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“within” structures- STANDARDS
IS / IECSTANDARDS
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62305

The need for this International Standard has arisen due to the
of electrical & electronic system, caused by Electro Magnetic effects of
Lightning. because, milli- joules of
Energy is sufficient to cause damage, whereas lightning flashes releases
Hundreds of mega joules of energy..
CEA Emphasizing on SPD

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NBC Emphasizing on SPD

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External & Internal LPS as per
IS/IEC 62305-4
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External LPS reduces equipment
failure.. Page 68 of IS/IEC 62305-3
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Examples of installations in use

Office building

3. Class III SPD

Sales
2. Surge arresters B + C
Sales

10
0
4
3
2
1

2. Class II SPD
required for line lengths > 10 m

1. Class I + II SPD
Examples of installations in use

(Industrial plant)

3. Appliance protection
Class III

2. Class II SPD

1. Class I + II SPD
Required Design Impulse
Voltage for Equipments (from
IEC 60364-4-443)EARTHINGSTANDARDS
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Connecting Wires

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 If it is not possible toEARTHING STANDARDS
keep to the recommended line length of ≤ 0.25 m to the
arrester and from the arrester to the earthing point the surge protection
devices should not be connected with a spur line, but in a V-shape.

 Take care to run the outgoing and return lines as far apart as possible.
NBC 2016 EXTRACT

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Safe & Failure Modes

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SPD Selection Criteria

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 Voltage Protection level - 'Lower' is better for the connected

equipment

 Surge current withstanding capacity

 Response of SPD

 Encapsulated, non-exhaustive spark gap

 Co-ordinated SPD Protection

 Compliance to latest IEC standards

Equipotential Bonding

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Grounding- Vital for
protection load - Disastrous
Connection! EARTHING
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Grounding- Vital for
protection load - Common &
Preferred EARTHINGSTANDARDS
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UPS Protection

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UPS is vulnerable to surges STANDARDS
due to 3 reasons:

is micro-processor controlled device , the damage of

which prevents changeover to the generator in case of mains power failure.

2. Failure of which run from auto transfer switch to generator (to

start the generator prior to operation of change over switch) leads to “NO
BACK UP SUPPLY” when UPS batteries dry out.

3. Front end of the UPS- is vulnerable to surges

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Protection of Electronic
Systems
Need for SPDs…. Failures reported
in a refinery in Kerala, India
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1. Tripping of variable Frequency Drives & other soft starters
2. Failure of Computers (which were off line !!??##)
3. Failure of VHF communication systems
4. Failure of Auto Tank gauging system
5. Failures of gas monitor systems
6. Failure of telephone exchange
7. Failure of palm vane access control reading system
8. Failure of fire alarm systems
9. Failure of I/O cards in Satellite rack rooms
10.Failure of Alarm cards in Gas turbine control panel
11.Communication failure of Hydrocom of MUG compressor
12.Failure of cards in blending system
Need for SPDs…. Failures reported
in a major Thermal Power Plant in UP,
India. EARTHINGSTANDARDS
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1. Card failure in telephone exchange
2. Analog Output (AO) card failure in BMS panel
3. IGBT failure in VFD
4. Thyristor failure in VFD
5. EEPROM corruption in GE Mark V governing system
6. Power supply failure in GE Mark V governing system
7. CPU, AI & Communication card failure in Boiler # 3 panel
8. Power supply & Communication card failure in Ash bund RF
Need for SPDs…. Failures reported
in a Spice ingredient plant in Kerala
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1. Failure of PLC Power Supply & AO card

2. Failure of EPABX power supply & trunk line

3. Failure of motor break control in automatic flex door

4. Failure of UPS

5. Failure of Weigh bridge LOAD CELLS & DISPLAY

6. Failure of biometric access sensor card

7. Failure of router & Ethernet switches

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 Coupling of systems

A direct strike on a building with an

external lightning protection
installation

L1 5% of Iimp is through data lines

L2
L3 5% of Iimp is through data lines
PEN

Data line
Need for Data Line Protection

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SDN with DSL: application

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Star: application Ethernet 100BaseT

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Tips for installation
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Connection to the earthing
§ Connection as close as possible to the device!

Localearthing
§ Use shortLocal
wires earthing
for the connection!
point
point § Connection as close as
possible to the device!

Conductor
Conductor length
length max.
max. 0,50,5
m § Use short wires for the
m connection!
Cable TV

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SPDs for Hazardous Area

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Safe & Hazardous Area
Protection

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Protection at both ends are
required (unlike
barriers/isloators)

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Field Transmitter Protection

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Field Transmitter Protection-
classification

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Need for Field Transmitter
Protector

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Protection of CCTV cameras &
DVR

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Weigh Bridge Protection

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Complete Protection

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All Power inputs of Electronic
module is protected by SPDs

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Only 1 Power input of Electronic
module is protected by SPD

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Installation - Important tips

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• PREVENTION IS ALWAYS BETTER THAN CURE
• HENCE INSTALLATION OF PROTECTIVE DEVICES iS
WISE RATHER THAT TO REPENT AFTER THE
DAMAGE.

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