INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 1

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN
INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY
MATH 1 – Industrial Mathematics

LEMUEL L. GABIANA

Paranas Campus
 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 2

OVERVIEW

This learning packet will introduce you to the Basic Mathematical Concepts
of Industrial Mathematics. This is composed of two units. Unit 1 is focused on the
Whole Number system in which it will broaden your understanding of numbers,
the different number names, the decimal numeration system and the four
fundamental operations. Unit 2 will discuss about Fractions which includes the
types of fractions and the different operations on fractions.
On this learning packet, you will answer different exercises, task and
assessments that will enhance and validate your knowledge on the different topics.
P your answers in a LONG BOND PAPER which will be passed in SSU Paranas
Campus if possible or through our online classrooms.
 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 3

UNIT 1 – WHOLE NUMBERS

1.0 Intended Learning Outcomes:

a. Understand the basic processes of addition, subtraction,

multiplication and division of whole numbers.
b. Differentiate odd from even, prime from composite number.
c. Discuss the common place value system.
d. Solve problems concerned with comparing sets of whole numbers.
e. Solve for the LCM and GCF of the given number.

1.1 Introduction:
The ancient people used symbols to help them express their
ideas about various things. As the people progressed and became
builders, farmers and merchants, numbers became more important to
them. Thus, they invented numerals to represent them.

In this unit, you will learn that a number is an abstract idea while
a numeral is a name for the number (Robin Ovitz, 2005). This will
broaden your understanding of numbers, the different number names
and the decimal numeration system. At the same time, you get
involved in the basic processes of addition, subtraction, multiplication
and division to provide us with the necessary skills in computation.

1.2 Topics/Discussion:
1.2.1 DEFINITION:
 A Whole Number is a collection of numbers.
Whole numbers which are not even are called odd number.
Whole numbers other than zero are called natural numbers.
The collection of numbers ( 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, …) is called the set
of whole numbers.
Numbers do not change. Man have used many different
symbols to represent numbers. A number is an abstract idea.
 A Numeral is a name for a number.
 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 4

a. There are many ways of showing set. One way is (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,

…)
b. Whole numbers which are divisible by 2 are called even numbers.
Therefore, the set of even numbers are (0, 2, 4, 6, . . . ).
c. Whole numbers which are not even are called odd numbers.
Therefore, the set of odd numbers is (1, 3, 5, 7, ..)
d. Whole numbers other than zero are called natural numbers.
e. Therefore, the set of natural numbers is (1, 2, 3, 4,..

Our numeration system is based upon ten. The name tells its
value, of ones, tens, hundreds, etc.

 Addends are the numbers to be added, the total is the sum.

 Subtrahend are the number to be subtracted the answer is the

difference.

 Multiplicand are the factors to be multiplied, the product is the

answer.

 A Whole number which is not prime and is greater than 1 is

called a composite number.

 A Prime number is a number greater than 1 , which has only

two factors, one and itself.

 Composite number is one which can be expressed as a product

of two smaller factors.

EXERCISE 1: Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper. (Use LONG BOND
PAPER as your answer sheet)
Separate the following numbers into three sets described in the table
below:
{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20}

Prime numbers Neither prime nor Composite

composite
 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 5

1.2.2 PLACE VALUE

When we say that a system uses the idea of place value, we

mean, that depending upon its position in a numeral, a digit can
represent groups of one, groups of ten, groups of hundreds, etc.

Example: Consider the given number below

3487 = 3000 + 400 + 80 + 7
(3 x 1000) + (4 x 100) + (8 x 10) + (7 x 1)
The numeral above shows the following:
The place value of 3 is thousands
The place value of 4 is hundreds
The place value of 8 is tens
The place value of 7 is one.
T
h Ten thousand
Ten million

Thousands
e

Hundreds
thousand
Hundred

Hundred
Millions
Billions

million

Ones
Tens
p
l
2
a 7 9 4 3 5
c
e 4
8 5 7 6 2 1

5
6 5 2 3 7 9 8 2 1

Examples:
The value of 8 in 8 576 214 is 8 million.
The value of 6 in 6 523 798 215 is 6 billion.

1.2.3 Basic Arithmetic Operations on Whole Numbers

1.2.3.1 ADD AND SUBTRACT

The usual method of adding or subtracting a column is to
add, subtract up and down.
 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 6

Examples:
1. What is the sum of 319, 157 and 78?
Solution:
319
+ 157 addends
78
554 sum

2. Add 716 + 62.

Solution:
716
+62
778

3. Results in addition can be checked in either way:

1. Adding in the reverse order
231
635
382
1,248 To check, add upward.

2. Adding the columns separately

231 or 231
635 635
382 382
8 11
14 14
11 8
1,248 1,248

` 3. Subtract 72 from 96.

Solution:
96 minuend Answer: 96 – 72 = 24
- 72 subtrahend
24 differences
 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 7

EXERCISE 2:
Perform the following operations. Write your answer in a
separate sheet of paper. (Use LONG BOND PAPER as your answer
sheet)
1. 89 – (12 + 24) =
2. 4,000 – (1,500-600)
3. 396 – 251 =
4. 623 – 138 =
5. 475 - 940 =
6. 1,902 – 999 =
7. 5,001 – 4,990 =
8. 299 – 199 + 1=
1.2.3.2 Multiplication
To perform multiplication write the first digit of the
partial product in column with the multiplicand. The product is
the sum of the partial products.
Example:
Find the product of 758 x 20.
Solution:
758 multiplicand
x 20 multiplier
15,160 product

Answer: 758 x 20 = 15,160

The following are some shortcuts in Multiplication.

1. When the multiplier or multiplicand is a power of ten such as

10, 100, 1000…, the product can be obtained by annexing to the
multiplicand or multiplier or the number of zero’s as there are in
either of the two.
Examples:
283 x 10 = 2,830
283 x 100 = 28,300
1,000 x 25 = 256,000
2. When the multiplicand or multiplier or both end in zero,
multiply the significant figures and annex to the product as
many zero’s as there are zero’s in both.
 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 8

Examples:
2380 18200
x 400 3600
952,000 1092

Multiply 238 by 4 and annex 546 multiply 182 by 36

three zero’s to the product. 65,520,000 and annex four to the
product.

4. When the digits in the ten’s place of the multiplicand are the same
and the sum of the units digits is ten, the product s obtained by
multiplying the tens digit by then nest consecutive number and annex
to it the product of the units digits.
Examples:
68 35 87
x__62 x __35__ x 83
4,216 1,225 7,221

The results in multiplication can be checked by the following:

5. Divide the product by either the multiplier or multiplicand to get

either of the two.
Examples:
6 x 17 = 102 102 ÷ 17 = 6 or 102 ÷ 6 = 17

6. Interchange the multiplier and the multiplicand again to get the

same product.
Example:
16 x 5 = 80 16 or 5
5 x 16 = 80 x x
5 16
80 80

Task No. 1 (Use LONG BOND PAPER as your answer sheet)

Separate the following numbers into three sets described in the
table below:
{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20}
 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 9

Prime numbers Neither prime nor Composite

composite

How can you help Romulo solve the following problem?

Romulo can put 5 plants in one row. He has space for 4 rows.
How many plants will he prepare?
. . . . . 5
. . . . . 5
. . . . . 5
. . . . . 5
. . . . . 5
Total 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = ?

Question 1. How many sets of how many plants each can be put
together?
Answer: __________________________

Task No. 2 (Use LONG BOND PAPER as your answer sheet)

Find the missing numbers in the magic square below, by adding it
vertically horizontally and diagonally.

28 35 12 19

34 18 25 27

15 17 24 33

23 30 32 14

22 29 13 20
 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 10

1.2.3.3 Division

Example:
Divide 592 by 8.
Solution:
__566 quotient
Divisor 7 ) 3965 dividend
35
46
42____
45
42
3 remainder
Checking Division:
Divisor x Quotient = Dividend

Example:
42 ÷ 6 = 7 Check: 7 x 6 = 42

Divisor x Partial Quotient + Remainder = Dividend

1.2.3.4 Prime Numbers

A prime number is a number greater than 1 , which has only

two factors, one and itself.

Examples:
2, 3, 5, 7, and 11.

Recalling the definitions of the prime number and that of the composite
number we have the following as our guide:

1. A number with only two different factors, 1 and itself, is a prime number.
2. A number with more than two factors is a composite number.
3. The number 0 and 1 are neither prime nor composite.

EXERCISE No. 3. (Use LONG BOND PAPER as your answer sheet)

1. Give the prime numbers greater than 13 and ends up with 59.

2. Prime numbers between 1 to 15.

 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 11

1.2.3.5 Composite Numbers:

- A whole number which is greater than one is a composite number.

Examples: 4, 6, 8, 9, 10,

The number 18 is a composite number, When 18 is written as a product

of primes, and you have:

18 = 2 x 3 x 3

Multiples of a Whole Number:

The set of natural numbers ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,…) multiplied by 4 will give

1x4=4 4 x 4 = 16
2x4=8 5 x 4 = 20 and so on
3 x 4 = 12

Write down the first 5 multiples of 6.

Solution:
1x6=6 4 x 6 = 24
2 x 6 = 12 5 x 6 = 30
3 x 6 = 18

Answers: The 5 multiples of 6 are: 6, 12, 18, 24, and 30.

1.2.3.6 Least Common Multiple (LCM):

A multiple of a number is the product that the number gives

when multiplied by a counting or natural number. A number which is
a multiple of each of two or more number is called a common multiple of
these numbers.

Example 1. Find the LCM of 8 and 12.

Solution: Set of multiples of 8: ( 8, 16, 24, 32, 40 48)

Set of multiples of 12: ( 12, 24, 36, 48,60)
Answer: The LCM of 8 and 12 is 24.

Example 2. Find the LCM of 18.

18 = 2 x 3 x 3 15 = 3 x 5

LCM of 18 and 15 is 2 x 3 x 3 x 5 = 90
 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 12

Example 3. 20 = 2 x 2 x 5 30 = 2 x 2 x 5 x 3

LCM of 20 and 30 is 2 x 2 x 5 x 3 = 60

EXERCISE NO 4: (Use LONG BOND PAPER as your answer sheet)

Find the LCM of the following using any method.

1. 20 and 24
2. 5 and 9
3. 10 and 14
4. 4, 8 and 9
5. 15, 10, and 18

1.2.3.7 Greatest Common Factor (GCF):

A common factor of two or more counting numbers is a

counting number which is a factor of each of the given numbers. To
find the common factors of two numbers, we write the set of all factors
of each number. The set of common factors of the two numbers is the
intersection of these two sets.

Consider all the factors of 12 and 36.

12 = 1,2,3,4,6,12
36 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 36

Common factors of 12 and 36 is 1, 2, 3, 4 , 6 and 12.

The largest common factor is 12. The GCF.

Example 1. Find the GCF of 24 and 32.

Solution:
2 24 32
2 12 16
2 6 8
3 4
The GCF of 24 and 32 = 2x2x2 = 8

Example 2. Find the GCF of 24, 48 and 72.

Solution:
2 24 48 72
2 12 24 36
2 6 12 18
3 3 6 9
1 2 3

The GCF of 24, 48, and 72 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 = 24

 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 13

ASSESSMENT: (Use LONG BOND PAPER as your answer sheet)

Name: ________________________________ Year & Section:___________________

Subject:_______________________________ Major: __________________________
Instructor: _____________________________ Date: ___________________________

A. Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. Four boys went fishing. Luis caught 22 fishes, Ariel caught 28 fishes, Jim 31 and
Mark caught 36. How many fishes did the boys catch all together?
A. 117
B. 119
C. 121
D. 125
2. Which of the following is the sum of 32 and 21?
A. 53
B. 53 ½
C. 55
D. 59
3. Which of the following does belong to the product of 45 by 10?
A. 450
B. 451
C. 455
D. 457
4. What is the difference by taking away 25 from 50.
A. 25
B. 26
C. 27
D. 28
5. If 212 coconut trees can be planted on one hectare of land, how many would you
expect to find on 54 hectares?
A. 11 448
B. 12 449
C. 13 450
D. 14 448
6. Which of the following is an Odd number?
A. 1
B. 4
C. 6
D. 8
7. Which of the following is the LCM of 8 and 12?
A. 24
B. 25
C. 26
D. 28
 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 14

8. The collection of numbers like 0,1,2,3, 4, 5, .. is called set of:

A. Whole numbers
B. Even numbers
C. Odd numbers
D. All of the above

B. Identification

1-3. Find the GCF of 28 and 54.(show your solution)

4-6. Find the LCM of 20 and 24(show your solution)
6-10. List down the set of prime numbers between 10 to 50.
 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 15

UNIT 2 - FRACTION

2.0 Intended Learning Outcomes:

a. Define what is fraction.
b. Discuss the types of fraction.
c. Apply the rules in adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing fractions.
d. Solve and reduce fractional problems.

2.1 Introduction:
Fractions are one of the most important building blocks of
mathematics. You come into contact with fractions every day: in recipes (1/2
cup of milk, driving (3/4 of a mile), and measurements (2 ½ acres), money
(half a dollar), and so forth. Most arithmetic problems involve divisions in one
way or another. Decimals, percent’s, ratios, and proportions, are also
fractions. To understand them, you have to be very comfortable with
fractions, which is what this unit is all about (Robin Ovitz, 2005).

2.3 Topics/Discussion:

2.2.1 Definition:
Question: What is Fraction?
- A fraction is a part of a whole (Robin Ovitz, 2005).
- A fraction means “divide”.
- A minute is a fraction of an hour. It is one of the 60
equal parts of an hour, or 1/60(one-sixtieth) of an
hour.
- The weekend days are a fraction of a week. The
weekend days are 2 of the 7 equal parts of the week,
or 2/7 (two-sevenths of the week).
Measurements are expressed in fraction. There are 4
quarts in a gallon.

Question:
How many quarts are there in one gallon?
Answer: ___________________________________
¼ of a gallon is equal to 1 quart.
 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 16

Two numbers that compose a fraction:

3 → numerator
8 → denominator
Types of Fraction:
Study the groups of fraction in a and b. In what ways are these
two groups of fraction different?
a. ½ ¼ 3/7 2/9
b. 8/3 9/4 3/3 12/10
c. 2¾ 1 5/6 4½ 24 ¾

The fractions in a are called proper fractions.

The fractions in b are called improper fractions.
Those in c are called mixed numbers.

 A PROPER FRACTION has a numerator smaller than the

denominator.
 An IMPROPER FRACTION has a greater than or equal to the
denominator.
 A MIXED NUMBER consist of a whole number and a fraction.

Three out of the four triangles below are shaded.

Thus, ¾ of the triangles are shaded. What kind of fraction is ¾?

Distance problems: Time problems:

1 foot = 12 inches 1 minute = 60 seconds
1 yard = 3 feet 1 hour = 60 minutes
1 mile = 5,280 feet 1 day = 24 hours

EXERCISE NO. 1: (Use LONG BOND PAPER as your answer sheet)

Name the fraction that indicates the shaded part.

1. 2. 3.
 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 17

2.2.2 CHANGING IMPROPER FRACTION INTO MIXED OR WHOLE

NUMBERS

Rules:
1. Divide the bottom number into the top number.
2. If there is a remainder, change it into a fraction by writing it as the top
number over the bottom number of the improper fraction.

Examples:
1. Change 13/2 into a mixed number.
Solution:
13 ÷ 2 = 6, remainder 1
That is, 6

2. Change 12/4 into a mixed or whole number.

Solution:
12 ÷ 4 = 3 there no remainder so the answer is a whole number.

EXERCISE NO. 2: (Use LONG BOND PAPER as your answer sheet)

Change these improper fractions into mixed numbers or whole

numbers.
1. 10/3 ________________
2. 15/6 ________________
3. 75/70 ________________
4. 200/25 ________________
5. 12/7 ________________

2.2.3 CHANGING MIXED NUMBERS INTO IMPROPER FRACTION

Rules:
1. Multiply the whole number by the bottom number.
2. Add the top number to the product from step 1
3. Write the total as the top number of a fraction over the
original bottom number.
Example:
1. Change 2 ¾ into an improper fraction.
2 x 4=8
8 + 3 = 11
Answer - 11/4

2. Change 3 5/8 into an improper fraction

3 x 8 = 24
24 + 5 = 29
Answer - 29/8
 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 18

EXERCISE NO. 3: (Use LONG BOND PAPER as your answer sheet)

Change these mixed numbers into improper fractions:

1. 1¼ __________________
2. 2 3/8 __________________
3. 7 ¾ __________________
4. 10 1/10 __________________
5. 15 2/3 __________________

2.2.4 CONVERTING FRACTIONS:

A fraction means to “divide “.

The top number of the fraction is divided by the bottom number.
Thus, ¾ means “ 3 divided by 4”, which also be written as 3 ÷ 4
The value of ¾ is the same as the quotient you get when you do the
division. Thus, ¾ = 0.75, which is the decimal value of the fraction.

Example:
Find the decimal value of 1/9. .1111
9) 1.0000
9
10
9
Answer - .1111

EXERCISE NO. 4: (Use LONG BOND PAPER as your answer sheet)

What are the decimal values of these fractions?

1. ½ _______________
2. 2/5 _______________
3. 7/8 _______________
4. 3/5 _______________
5. 4/5 _______________

2.2.5 REDUCING FRACTION:

Reducing fraction means writing it in lowest terms that is with
smaller numbers.

Examples:
1. Reduce 8/24 to lowest terms.

Two steps: One step:

1. Divide by 4: = 2/6 Divide by 8: = 1/3

2. Divide by 2: = 1/3
 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 19

EXERCISE NO. 5: (Use LONG BOND PAPER as your answer sheet)

Reduce this fraction to lowest terms.

1. 14/35 ___________________
2. 5/25 ___________________
3. 27/99 ___________________
4. 36/48 ___________________
5. 20/700 ___________________

2.2.6 ADDING / SUBTRACTING FRACTION

If you have to add two fractions that have the same bottom
numbers, just add the top numbers together and write the total over
the bottom number (Robin Ovitz, 2005).

Examples:
1. 2/9 + 4/9 = 2 + 4/ 9 = 6/9, which can be reduced to 2/3.

2. 5/8 + 7/8 = 5 + 7/8 = 12/8, reduced to lowest term, 3/2

3. 7/12 + 8/12 = 15/12, reduced to lowest term, 5/4

4. ¾ + 7/10
Solution:
Change into similar fractions, LCM of 4 and 10 is 20.
15 14 19
+ =
20 20 20

2.2.7 ADDING MIXED NUMBERS

Examples:
1. 2 + 1
+ = =1
Add the whole numbers: 1+2+1 = 4 that is 4

2. 3 +
+ = that is, 3
 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 20

EXERCISE NO. 6: (Use LONG BOND PAPER as your answer sheet)

Add and Reduce to lowest term:

1. 3 ½ + 5¾ _______________

2. 2/5 + 1/5 _______________

3. 5/2 + 2 1/55 _______________
4. 3/10 + 2/5 _______________

5. 3/10 + 5/8 _______________

2.2.8 SUBTRACTING FRACTIONS:

As with addition, if the fractions you’re subtracting have
the same bottom numbers, just subtract the second top number
from the first top number and write the difference over the
bottom number.
Examples:
1. 4/9 - 3/9 = 4 - 3/9 = 1/9

2. 5/8 - 3/8 = 5 - 3/8 = 2/8

3. 5/6 – ¾ = 5/6 = 10/12

¾ = 9/12
10/12- 9/12 = 1/12

2.2.8A SUBTRACTING MIXED NUMBERS:

Example .
4 3/5 - 1 2/5 =

1. Subtract the fraction 3/5 – 2/5 = 1/5

2. Subtract the whole numbers. 4 - 1 = 3
3. Add the results of step 1 & 2: 1/5 + 3 = 3 1/5
 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 21

2.2.9 MULTIPLYING AND DIVIDING FRACTIONS

Multiplying and dividing fractions is actually easier than adding or
subtracting them. When you multiply, you can simply multiply both
the top numbers and the bottom numbers, to divide fractions, you
invert and multiply (Robin Ovitz, 2005).

Multiply Fractions by Fractions:

Rules:
1. Multiply their top numbers together to get the top number of the
answer.
2. Multiply their bottom numbers together to get the bottom
number of the answer.

Examples:
1. ½ x ¼ = 1/8

2. 1/3 x 3/5 x 7/4 = 21/60 or 21/3 = 60/3 =

7/20
3. 4/8 x ½ x 4 = 1

4. 5/8 x 4/15 = 1/60

5. ½ x 16 x 3/8 = ¼

EXERCISE NO. 7: (Use LONG BOND PAPER as your answer sheet)

Multiply and Reduce.
1. 1/5 x 1/3 _______
2. 9/4 x 2/15 _______
3. 8/9 x 3/12 _______
4. 5/9 x 3/15 _______
5. 2/21 x 7/2 _______

Multiplying Fractions by Whole Numbers:

Example:
5 x 2/3 = 10/3 = 3 1/3
5 = 5/1 5/1 x 2/3 = 10/3 = 3 1/3
 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 22

Multiplying with Mixed Numbers:

Rule:
To multiply mixed numbers, change each mixed number to an
improper fraction and multiply.

Example:

1. 4 2/3 x 5 ½
4 2/3 = 4 x 3 + 2/3 = 14/3
5 ½ = 5 x 2 + ½ = 11/2 that is
14/3 x 11/2 = 154/6 reduced to lowest term, 77/3

EXERCISE NO. 8: (Use LONG BOND PAPER as your answer sheet)

Multiply and reduce.

1. 2 ¾ x 2/5 _______________
2. 2/11 x 1 ½ _______________
3. 3x 2 ¾ _______________
4. 1 1/3 x 2/3 _______________
5. 8 1/3 x 4 4/5 _______________

2.3.0 DIVIDING FRACTIONS:

Dividing means finding out how many times one amount can be
found in a second amount, whether you’re working with fractions or
not. (Benigno, 2006).

Example 1. Find out how many ¼ pound pieces a 2–pound chunk of

cheese can be cut into, you have to divide 2 by ¼ .

As you can see form the picture below, a 2-pound chunk of

cheese can be cut into eight ¼ - pound pieces. ( 2 ÷ ¼ = 8 )

Example 2
½ ÷ 3/5
Rules:
2. Invert the second fraction.
3. Change ÷ to x and multiply the first fraction by the new second
fraction.
½ x 5/3 = 5/6
 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 23

Example 3
1 ÷ ½ = 1 x 2/1 = 2

EXERCISE 9: (Use LONG BOND PAPER as your answer sheet)

Divide and reduce, cancelling where possible.

1. 5/14 ÷ 5/14 __________
2. 9/25 ÷ 3/5 __________
3. 45/49 ÷ 27/35 __________
4. ½ ÷ 1/3 __________
5. 35/42 ÷ 10/21 __________

Dividing Fractions by Whole Numbers or vice – versa:

To divide a fraction by a whole number or vice versa, change

the whole number to a fraction by putting it over 1.
Example 1:
3/5 ÷ 2 2 = 2/1
½ 3/5 x ½ = 3/10
Example 2.

2÷ 3/5 2 = 2/1
5/3
2/1 x 5/3 = 10/3
10/3 = 3 1/3

EXERCISE NO. 10: (Use LONG BOND PAPER as your answer sheet)

1. 10 ÷ 50/100 ____________
2. 5 ÷ 3/6 ____________
3. 9 ÷ 3/7 ____________
4. ¾ ÷ 12 ____________

Dividing with Mixed Numbers:

To divide with mixed numbers, change each mixed number to an

improper fraction and then divide as usual.

Example:
1. 2 ¾ ÷ 1/6 =
Rules:

1. Change 2 ¾ / to an improper fraction.

2. Rewrite the division problem.
3. Invert 1/6 and multiply.
 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 24

ASSESSMENT: (Use a LONG BOND PAPER as your answer sheet)

Name: ________________________________ Year & Section:___________________

Subject:_______________________________ Major: __________________________
Instructor: _____________________________ Date: ___________________________

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. What fraction that indicates the shaded part of the figure below.

A. 2/2
B. ½
C. ¾
D. 3/2

2. Which fraction is smallest?

A. ¾
B. ¼
C. ½
D. 1/6

3. Which of the following is part of a whole?

A. Fraction
B. Ratio
C. ercent
D. Term
4. What type of fraction is 12/3?
A. Proper fraction
B. Improper fraction
C. Mixed number
D. Complete fraction
5. What type of fraction is 4/15?
A. Proper fraction
B. Improper fraction
C. Mixed number
D. Complete fraction

B. Perform the Indicated operations. Reduce your answer into lowest term.

6. ¾ + ¼ __________
7. 3/10 + 2/5 __________
 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 25

8. 5/6 - 1/6 __________

9. 2/3 – 3/5 __________
10. 7/12 – 3/12 __________

C. Perform the Indicated operations. Reduce your answer into lowest term.

1. 1/5 x 1/3 =
2. 7/9 x 3/5 =
3. 1 ½ x 10 =
4. 12 x 7/24 =
5. 5 x ½ =
6. 2/7 ÷ 2 =
7. 14 ÷ 1 ¾ =
8. 5/14 ÷ 5/14 =
9. 2 ¾ ÷ 1/6 =
10. 5/6 ½ ÷ ¼ =

D. Solve the following word problems involving fractions. Reduce your answer into
lowest term.

1. A stack of boards is 21 inches high. Each board is 1¾ inches thick. How many
boards are there?
2. A satellite makes 4 revolutions of the earth in one day. How many revolutions
would it make in 6½ days?
3. A bolt has 16½ turns per inch. How many turns would be in 2½ inches of
threads?
4. Belinda baked 9 pies that weigh 4 1/20 pounds total. How much does each
pie weigh?
5. Deborah needs to make 16 costumes for the school play. Each costume
requires 4 1/2 yards of material. How many yards of material will she need?
 INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 26

1.2 References

Arellano, Elvira L. et. al., (2010). Fundamentals of Mathematics. Lorimar

Publishing, Inc. Quezon City Metro Manila ISBN 971-685-720-7

Benigno, Gloria D. (2006). Basic Mathematics for College Students Revised

Edition, Rex Bookstore, Inc. Manila, Philippines. ISBN 971-4423-1

Friedman, Avner. (1994). Industrial Mathematics: A Course in Solving Real-

World Problems. SIAM.

1.4 Acknowledgment

The images, tables, figures and information contained in this module

were taken from the references cited above.

Disclaimer:
This module is not for commercial and for educational purposes only. Some
technical terminologies were not change, but the author of this module ensures that
all in text citations are in the reference section.
INDUSTRIAL MATHEMATICS 27