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Jurnal Rheumatoid
Jurnal Rheumatoid
Jurnal Rheumatoid
Volume 4,, No
Nomor 2, December 2019, Hal. 167-176
ISSN 2502
2502-4825 (print), ISSN 2502-9495 (online)
Website: https://aisyah.journalpress.id/index.php/jika/
.id/index.php/jika/
Email: jurnal.aisyah@gmail.com
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Jurnal Aisyah: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 4(2), December 2019, – 168
Neng Husna Saida; Setiawan; Iwan Shalahuddin
INTRODUCTION
Old age is an age group that is respected lifestyle and decreased use of the
according to the knowledge and experience musculoskeletal system and results in the
they experience. At this age group is a human occurrence of Rheumatoid Arthritis.
resource, potential and useful for the Musculoskeletal disorders that often occur in
development of life in the community but the elderly one of which is rheumatoid
naturally the group in this group experiences arthritis (Santosa & et al., 2016).
physical, biological, mental or social Rheumatoid Arthritis is a common
setbacks. In the elderly, the course of the autoimmune disease and has a worldwide
disease is often found and has its own prevalence with a rate of 0.5el%, this
characteristics that are chronic, more severe condition can be debilitating and painful in
and what is often found is heart and blood the joints and can cause patients to lose
vessel disease, cancer and other degenerative function and mobilize the substance (Cho et
diseases as a result of the aging process they al., 2018).
experience (Riskesdas, 2013).
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a systemic
Based on population projection data in 2017, inflammatory state that results in synovitis,
there are 23.66 million people (9.03%) of which is inflammation of the synovial
elderly people in Indonesia. The prediction of membrane (the tissue that lines the joints also
the number of elderly population that will protects the joint) and causes pain. Pain
come in 2020 is estimated at (27.08 million), disorders in the elderly can occur due to
in 2025 (33.69 million), in 2030 (40.95 rheumatism, and the need for treatment, both
million) and in 2035 (48.19 million). (RI pharmacologically and non-
Ministry of Health, 2017). pharmacologically (Hewlett et al, 2011).
The elderly population in West Java in 2017 The incidence of rheumatoid arthritis reached
is 4.16 million people, while in 2015 the 335 million people is quite high and large
elderly population is 3.77 million people, and both in developed and developing countries.
it is estimated that in 2021 the elderly In 2025 the estimated incidence will increase
population in West Java is 5.07 million and more than 25% will experience paralysis
people or 10.04% of the total population in due to damage to the bones and joints.
West Java. So this condition shows that West According to the World Health Organization
Java has entered the aging population (WHO), the incidence of rheumatism in 2012
(Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, reached 20% of the world's population who
2017). have been affected by rheumatism, where 5-
Based on data obtained at the Garut Elderly 10% are those with 5-20 years of age and
Social Rehabilitation Institution, in August 20% are those with 55 years of age
2018 the prevalence of the elderly in the (Manzahri, 2015) .
Garut Elderly Social Rehabilitation Pain is a subjective sensory and unpleasant
Institution was 75 elderly people consisting emotional experience associated with damage
of 43 elderly women and 32 men, with the to the tissue that is actual, potential and can
number of elderly people suffering from be felt when the events occur damage
arthritis. Rheumatoid which is 30 people. (Ardiazis D, 2016). Treatment of rheumatism
Physical changes in the elderly one of which can be done by prioritizing pain control,
is musculoskeletal disorders where the minimizing joint damage, and increasing
musculature in the elderly with the age of quality of life. Pharmacological therapy can
around 40 years begins to decline, and begins be used in the treatment of rheumatism such
to decline rapidly when the age of 60 years. as using analgesics, and corticosteroids
Loss of muscle strength can be caused by (Hikmatyar G & Larasati TA, 2017).
Table 1
Frequency Distribution Based on Respondent Characteristics
Based on table 1 it is known that the 60-74 years was 21 (70.0%), education level
characteristics of the respondents who were the majority of respondents had an
sampled in this research by sex were mostly elementary school education of 19
female by 19 respondents (63.3%), the respondents (63.3%).
average age of almost all respondents aged
Table 2
Frequency Distribution of Rheumatoid Arthritis Pain Degrees in the Elderly in Garut General Hospital
Service Unit
Based on the table 2 it can be seen that the degrees as many as 16 respondents (53.3%)
results of the research of the respondents who and almost half of the respondents were in
became the sample of this research, the severe pain degrees as many as 12
majority of respondents had moderate pain respondents (40.0%).
Table 3
Frequency Distribution of Non-pharmacological Arthritis Rheumatoid Pain Management
Based on the table 3 it can be seen that the not doing as many as 12 respondents
results of the research of the respondents who (40.0%), handling with masasse most of the
became the sample of this research, from respondents do it as many as 18 respondents
handling using relaxation some of the (60.0%) physical activity most of the
respondents did it as many as 15 respondents respondents do it as much as 18 respondents
(50.0%) handling distraction most of the (60.0%) and handling compresses themselves
respondents did as many as 18 respondents most of the respondents do it as many as 18
(60.0%) almost half of the respondents did people (60.0% ).
Table 4
Frequency distribution of efforts to manage rheumatoid arthritis with rheumatoid arthritis pain scale
Mild pain 1-4 Mrate pain 5-6 Severe Pain 7-10
Efforts to manage
f % f % f %
Relaxation 0 0 9 60.0 6 40.0
Distracion 2 11.1 6 33.3 10 55.6
Massase 0 0 12 66.7 6 33.3
Phycal Activty 2 11.1 11 61.1 5 27.8
Compress 1 5.6 12 66.7 5 27.8
Description of efforts to manage arthritis pain According to the results of the research, the
with pain scale Based on table 4. the handling done by the elderly in the Garut
frequency distribution of efforts to treat General Hospital service unit that as many as
atheith rheumatoid pain that the elderly who 15 respondents relax, 18 respondents distract,
experienced mild pain a small part made 18 respondents do masasse like smearing
efforts to compress by 1 (5.6%), moderate with balm, 18 respondents do physical
pain some respondents made an effort using activity, and 18 respondents do compress.
massases and compresses as many as 12 Most respondents made efforts to manage
(66.7%), severe pain most of the respondents
pain by using distraction techniques by
made an effort to treat with distraction that is diverting attention by listening to music and
10 (55.6%).
watching TV as many as 18 respondents.
REFERENCES