Empirnc Therapy

some cases, a clinician must initiate therapy before laboratory results are avallable. This is refeed toas empinic
herapy. In an effort to save the life of a patient, it is sometimes necessary for the cliniclans tp gues8" the most lkey
pathogen and the drug most likely to be effecthve.

Undesirable Effects of Antimicroblal Agents

1. Allergy
Pen G in ow doses
synthesizes those who are
hives. allergies.
to
Anaphylactic shock, or they may break out in prone
2. Toxicity
hioramphenlcol = f given in high doses for long periods, may cause a very severe type of anemia called apuastie
anemla
Streptomycin =
can damage the
Hepatotoxic = can damage liver auditory
nerve and cause deafness
Nephrotoxic = can damage kidney

CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING (30

You will minutes)
answer and rationalize this by yourself. This will be recorded as your quiz. One (1) point will be given to correct
answer and another one (1) point for the correct ratio. Superimpositions or erasures in you answer/ratio is not alowed. YOu
are given 30 minutes for this
activity:
1.
Which of the following is least likely to be taken into consideration when deciding which artibiotic to prescribe for a
patient?
a. patents age
b patient's underlying medical conditions
C)patients weight
d. other medication that the patient is taking
ANSWER_O
RATIO: Ppakierks uweioht s i t ha amu rLge o Hhe Drcupkon 6_CAnhi biori oads why

2. This drug inhibit production of folic acid (a vitamin) in those bacteria that require p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) to
synthesize folic acid.
a penicillin
6 sufonamide
C. cephalosporin
d. aminogycosides
ANSWER
RATIO: 6Jkonamide l hE d ua inmibi oroAucdion Of foAi Acid ia hosc bacitic
hax keare PABA 4o nkht.cac folic hcid
3. Which of the folowing is not a common mechanism by which antimicrobial agents kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria?
a. damage to cell membranes
(D)destruction of capsules
C.inhibition of cell wall synthesis
d. inhibition of protein synthesis
ANSWER: 8
RATIO: desirudion o Copslc S aren one of th commoq mcclhanicm by whi ch
antimicy obial aarnis or inoiloit do Ath obocdrvla

4. Multidrug therapy is always used when a patient is diagnosed as having:

a. an infection caused by MRSA
b. diphtheria.
C. strep throat.

This document and the information thereon is the

PHINMA Education (Department of Nursing) property of
4 of 7

D
 :

a ) tuberculosis.
ANSWER
RATIO: oecous hose wo druas hdna rcs aAubtrcult gaisia dut
sotr ca\osis

5. Which of the following terms or names has nothing to do with the use of two drugs eimuitaneousiy'
a. antagonism
Salvarsan
C. Septra
d. synergism
ANSWER
RATIO: verson is used for vcamentnodhina do de Auo dru9sS
dimo ultoncoucHi
work?
which antifungal agents
6. Which of the following is nat a common mechanism by
a. by binding with cell membrane sterols
b. by blocking nucleic acid synthesis
by dissolving hyphae
d. by interfering with sterol syhthesis
ANSWER: mechanism oy Ondi funaga ágen
RATIO: o disselvins huphae ignt commoa
hlike he emauning hoied

discovered penicillin?
7. Which of the following sciertists
Alexander Fleming
b. Paul Ehrlich
C. Selman Waksman
d. Sir Howard Walter Florey
ANSWER scicatistdiscovecd penicll1n-
i te
RATIO:_ Alexander flmina

considered to be the
"Father of Chemotherapy?
is
8. Which of the following scientists
a. Alexander Fleming
P a u l Ehrlich
c. Selman Waksman

d. Sir Howard Water Florey

ANSWER. a c h emaiher e p .
RATIO: ? as r i ch lic he foh er

wall synthesis except

agents work by inhibiting cell
9. Al the following antimicrobial
a. cephakosporins.
chloramphenicol.
C. penicilin.
d. vancomycin
ANSWER:, Precluce d nacicn a
RATIOchlorraphchicoi

synthesis except:
agents work by inhibiting protein
10. All the following antimicrobial
a. chloramphenicol.
b. erythromycin.
imipenem.
5 of 7
information thereon is the property of
This document and the af Nursing
PHINMA Education (Department
 d. tetracycline
ANSWER
RATIO: nipcne m doesn A
inhiloid procin sqnBbcá2.

RATIONALIZATION ACTVITY (THIS WILL BE DONE DURING THE

FACE TO
he
Writeinstructor
will now rationalize the answers to the students. You
the correct answer and ask
FACE INTERACTON)
correct/additional ratio in
can now questions and debate among yourselves.
the space provided.
1. ANSWER:
RATIO:

2. ANSWER:
RATIO:

3. ANSWER:
RATIO:

4. ANSWER:
RATIO:

5. ANSWER:
RATIO:

6. ANSWER:
RATIO:

7. ANSWER:
=
RATIO:

8. ANSWER:
RATIO:

9. ANSWER
RATIO:

10. ANSWER:
RATIO:

This donum