INCOME TAXATION

CHAPTER 1
I. Fundamental Principles of Taxation
- Definition of Taxation
- Theories of Cost Allocation
- The Lifeblood Doctrine
- The Inherent Powers of the State
- The Scope of Taxation
- Inherent Limitations
- Constitutional Limitations
- Stages of Taxation
- Situs of Taxation
- Other Fundamental Doctrines in Taxation
- Double Taxation
- Escape from Taxation
- Tax Amnesty and Tax Condonation

CHAPTER 2
II. Taxes, Tax Laws, and Tax Administration
- Taxation Laws and Tax Exemption Laws
- Sources of Laws and Administrative Issuances
- Nature of Philippine Tax Laws
- Elements of Tax
- Classification of Taxes
- Tax distinguished with similar items
- Tax System
- Tax Collection System
- Principles of a sound tax system
- Tax Administration
- Powers of the BIR and CIR
- Other Agencies with Tax Related Functions
- Taxpayer Classification for Purposes of Tax Administration
CHAPTER 3
III. Introduction to Income Taxation
- The Concept of Income
- Elements of Gross Income
- Capital Items deemed with infinite value
- Recovery of Loss Capital vs. Recovery of Loss Profits
- The concept of realized benefit
- Complex Transactions
- Mode of Realization of Benefits
- Types of Income Taxpayers
- Individual Income Taxpayers
- Classification rule for individual taxpayers
- Taxable Estates and Trusts
- Corporate Taxpayers
- The General Rules in Income Taxation
- Situs of Income

CHAPTER 4
IV. Tax Schemes, Periods, and Methods and Reporting
- Income Taxation Schemes
- Classification of Gross Income
- Accounting Period
- Short Accounting Period
- Accounting Methods
- The Self-Assessment Method
- The withholding system
- Information Returns
- Venue and Deadline of filing of Income Tax Returns
- Electronic and Filing Systems
- Taxpayers mandated to use the EFPS
- Grouping of eFPS taxpayers
- Payment of Taxes
- Penalties for Filing of Returns and late payment of Taxes
CHAPTER 5
V. Final Income Taxation

CHAPTER 6
VI. Capital Gains Taxation

CHAPTER 7
VII. Introduction to Regular Income Taxation

CHAPTER 8
VIII. Regular Income Taxation - Exclusions in Gross Income

CHAPTER 9
IX. Regular Income Taxation - Inclusions in Gross Income

CHAPTER 10
X. Compensation Income

CHAPTER 11
XI. Fringe Benefits Taxation

CHAPTER 12
XII. Dealings in Properties

CHAPTER 13
XIII. Principles of Deduction

CHAPTER 13-A
XIV. Regular Allowable Itemized Deductions

CHAPTER 13-B
XV. Special Allowable Itemized Deductions and Net Operating Loss
Carry-Over
CHAPTER 13-C
XVI. Optional Standard Deduction

CHAPTER 14
XVII. Individual Income Taxation

CHAPTER 15-A
XVIII. Corporate Income Taxation - Special Corporations

CHAPTER 15-B
XIX. Corporate Income Taxation - Regular Corporations