Claret College of Isabela

Junior High School

P.O. Box 8692 Roxas Avenue, Isabela City, Basilan Province, 7300 Philippines
Tel. No. 09303417475 Email Address:jenrou11@gmail.com
MATHEMATICS 7
NAME: ________________________ DATE: ___________________
SECTION AND GRADE LEVEL: __________________ OUTPUT NO: _____9_______

SCIENTIFIC NOTATION
(LESSON/OUTPUT TITLE)

MELC: Write numbers in scientific notation and vice versa.

LESSON OBJECTIVES/LEARNING TARGETS:

1. Determine the number of significant digits of numbers.

2. Make accurate conclusion on real-life problems involving scientific notations.
3. Convert numbers into scientific notation and vice versa.
Value Integration:
Stewardship

Scientific Notation
A number expressed in the form a ×10 n, where a is a decimal number with l ≤|a|<10 ,and n is an integer.
EXPLAIN
In words, the number in a scientific notation is written as a number with one nonzero digit to the left, of the decimal point
multiplied by a power of notation 10. The number of digits to the right of the decimal point in a depends on the degree of
accuracy you want to show.
Scientific notation is based on powers of 10. Numbers written in scientific notation have two parts:

Integer exponent

X 10
Decimal number between 1 and 10, including 1.

The first part is a decimal with one nonzero number to the left of the decimal point. The second part is a power of 10.
The decimal number is multiplied by the power of 10. Calculator displays show the decimal part as well as the exponent
but omit the symbol for multiplication and the base 10.
The number 4.35 x 106 is in scientific notation because 4.35 is greater than or equal to l, but less than 10, and the
exponent 6 is an integer. The number 43.5 x 106 is not in scientific notation because 43.5 is greater than 10. The number
0.435 x 106 is also not in scientific notation because 0.435 is less than l.
4.35 x 106 means:
4.35 x 106 =4.35 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10
=43.5 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10
=435 x 10 x 10 x 10x 10
=4 350 x 10 x 10 x 10
=43 500 x 10 x 10
=435 000 x 10
=4 350 000

Note that each multiplication by 10 moves the decimal point one place to the right. Because we multiply it by 6
factors of 10, the decimal point moves a total of six places to the right from where it started in 4.35.

4.35 106 =4. 3 5 0 0 0 0 350 000 The decimal point moves six places to the right.
The example above suggests that the exponent of the power of 10 determines the number of places that the
decimal point moves.
 Claret College of Isabela
Junior High School
P.O. Box 8692 Roxas Avenue, Isabela City, Basilan Province, 7300 Philippines
Tel. No. 09303417475 Email Address:jenrou11@gmail.com

Changing Decimal Notations to Scientific Notations

1. Place the decimal point after the first nonzero digit.
2. Count the number of places the decimal point is moved, and use that number as the number
exponent.
3. If the original number is greater than 10, the exponent is positive. If the original number is
between 1 and 10, the exponent is zero.
4. If the original number is between O and l, the exponent is negative.
Changing Scientific Notation (Positive Exponents) to Standard Form
To change from scientific notation with a positive integer exponent to standard notation, move
the decimal point to the right, the number of places indicated by the exponent.
Changing Scientific Notation (Negative Exponents) to Standard Form
To write a number expressed in scientific notation with negative exponent in standard form,
move the decimal point to the left, the same number of places as the absolute value of the exponent

Examples: Standard Form to Scientific Notation

Write each in scientific notation.

1. 937,000
Solution:
Place the decimal point to the right of the first nonzero digit, 9. Next, count the number of places to the right of
this decimal, which is five places. Write 5 as the exponent of 10. Delete all the zeros to the right of the last nonzero digit,
which is 7 in this case.
937,000=9.37 ×105
2. 0.0000503
Solution:
Place the decimal point between digits 5 and 0 so that we have 5.03, which is a decimal number greater than 1 but
less than 10. Because there are five decimal places between the original position and the new position, the exponent is -5.
0.0000503 = 5.03 ×10−5
3. 443000
Solution:
Place the decimal point to the right of the first nonzero digit, 4. Next, count the number of places to the right of
this decimal, which is five places. Write 5 as the exponent of 10. Delete all the zeros to the right of the last nonzero digit,
which is 3 in this case.
443000 = 4.43 ×10 5
4. 0.000451
Solution:
Place the decimal point between digits 4 and 5 so that we have 4.51, which is a decimal number greater than 1 but
less than 10. Because there are four decimal places between the original position and the new position, the exponent is -4.
0.000451 = 4.51 ×10−4
Examples: Scientific Notation to Standard Form
Write each number in standard form.
1. 4.9 × 107
Solution:
Multiplying 4.9 by 107 means that the decimal point will move seven places to the right.
4.9 × 107=49 ,000 , 000
2. 6.7 ×10−3
Solution:
1
To evaluate 10−3 , write a positive exponent or find the reciprocal of it, .
103
1
6.7 ×10−3=6.7 × Multiply 6.7 by 1
103
6.7
= Expand 103=10 × 10× 10=1 000
103
 Claret College of Isabela
Junior High School
P.O. Box 8692 Roxas Avenue, Isabela City, Basilan Province, 7300 Philippines
Tel. No. 09303417475 Email Address:jenrou11@gmail.com
6.7
= Since there are 3 zeros on the denominator, move 3 decimal places from 6 to the left.
1000
= 0.0067
6
3. 7 ×10
Solution:
Multiplying 7 by 106 means that the decimal point will move six places to the right.
7 ×10 6=7,000,000
4. 7.1 ×10−5
Solution:
1
To evaluate 10−5 , write a positive exponent or find the reciprocal of it, .
105
1
7.1 ×10−5 =7.1× Multiply 7.1 by 1
105
7.1
= 5 Expand 105=10 × 10× 10× 10 ×10=100000
10
6.7
= Since there are 5 zeros on the denominator, move 5 decimal places from 7 to the left.
100 000
= 0.000071
Other way of evaluating example number 4, is to simply move 5 decimal places to the left and remove 10−5 .
7.1 ×10−5 =0.00071
Significant Figures

Besides being a convenient way for writing very large or very small numbers, scientific notation provides an
exact gauge for more precise measurements. Each digit in a number that gives the degree of precision of measurement is
called a significant digit. This is determined by the value of the place of the last significant digit on the right. The
following are the rules for significant digits.

 All nonzero digits are significant.

235 has three significant digits: 2, 3, and 5
1 487 692 has seven significant digits.
All zeros located between nonzero digits are significant digits.
205 has three significant digits.
4 005 has four significant digits.
 All zeros at the end of a decimal are significant.
21.30 has four significant digits.
5.250 has four significant digits.
 All digits of the first factor when a number is expressed in scientific notation.
8.43 x 107 has three significant digits.
2.050 x 10-3 has four significant digits.
 Underscored or specified zeros of a whole number ending in zeros.
27 000 has two significant digits: 2 and 7
27 000 has four significant digits: 2, 7, 0, and 0
The following are digits that are not significant.
Zeros at the end of a whole number (unless specified to be significant).
2000 one significant digit: 2
2040 has three significant digits: 3, 0, and 4
Zeros following the decimal point in a number between 0 and 1.
0.005 has one significant digit: 5
0.0005 has one significant digit: 5
Examples: Significant Digits
How many significant figures are there in each of the following?
a. 0.07 b. 8.047 c. 81 000
 Claret College of Isabela
Junior High School
P.O. Box 8692 Roxas Avenue, Isabela City, Basilan Province, 7300 Philippines
Tel. No. 09303417475 Email Address:jenrou11@gmail.com
Solution:
a. In 0.07, the only significant figure is 7.
There is only one significant figure.
b. In 8.047, the first nonzero digit is 8.
All digits after it are significant.
There are 4 significant figures.
c. In 81 000, the zeros after 1 are not significant figures. There are 2 significant figures.
There are 2 significant figures.
 Claret College of Isabela
Junior High School
P.O. Box 8692 Roxas Avenue, Isabela City, Basilan Province, 7300 Philippines
Tel. No. 09303417475 Email Address:jenrou11@gmail.com

MATHEMATICS 7
NAME:______________________________ DATE: ___________________
SECTION & GRADE LEVEL: ________________ OUTPUT NO: ______9______

Activity 1: Sci-Math Problem

EXTEND & ELABORATE
Instructions: Analyze and solve the problem carefully and show your solution.
LJ and Elsa were assigned to express the diameter of Earth, which is 12 700 000 000 m into scientific notation.
Below are their answers:
LJ’s answer: Elsa’s answer:
1.27 ×1010 1.27 ×10−10
1. Who got the correct answer? Show your solution.

2. Explain your answer.

___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________

Activity 2: Scientific Notation and Significant Figures

Instructions: State the number of significant figures then express each in scientific notation.

1. 380 000 =

2. 7 000 000 =
EVALUATE

3. 0.0000000456=

4. 0.00140