MAT 052: VARIABLE SEPARABLE DE 8/6/2021

AND HOMOGENEOUS DE

Differential Equations

MAT 052

Prepared by: EMT

MAT 052 1

Differential Equations

1. Variable Separable
2. Homogeneous DE

MAT 052 2
MAT 052: VARIABLE SEPARABLE DE 8/6/2021
AND HOMOGENEOUS DE

Learning Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, students should be

able to:
A. Determine whether a DE is Variable
Separable or Homogeneous DE.
B. Solve De using the process of Variable
Separable and homogeneous DE

MAT 052 3

Standard form of DE

, + , =0
Ex.
2 + =0

where
 , and , are functions
of and .
MAT 052 4
MAT 052: VARIABLE SEPARABLE DE 8/6/2021
AND HOMOGENEOUS DE

Regarding +

 When integrating both sides of equation, you add +

to the right side of equation.
 You can add + to either side of the equation, but to
have the same answer, we add + to the right side of
equation.
 + can be ln if there are more log functions in the
solution of integration.
 If is multiplied to a constant the result is still
constant
 =
MAT 052 5

Variable Separable

A first-order ODE is separable if it can be

written in the form:
=
OR
=

MAT 052 6
MAT 052: VARIABLE SEPARABLE DE 8/6/2021
AND HOMOGENEOUS DE

Steps to solve a Variable Separable DE

1. Put the equation in this form = or
=
2. Get all the ’ on one side of the equation and all of the ’ on the other
side.
 If function of x and y is in binomial or trinomial, then use common
factoring.
 It is very important that one sided of the equation is multiplied by and
the other by . In the end and should never be in the
denominator.
3. Integrate both sides.
 Once we integrate, we only need to add “+ ” to the right side of the
equation.
4. If possible, get our answer into = ( ) form.
5. Finally, if you are given an initial condition, solve for “+ ” by plug in
the given and value.

MAT 052 7

Which of the following equations is a

variable separable DE
A. + = 2 +
B. =
C. + −2 =0
D. 2 = +1
E. + 2 −3 =0
F. = −( − 1)

MAT 052 8
MAT 052: VARIABLE SEPARABLE DE 8/6/2021
AND HOMOGENEOUS DE

= OR =

A. + = 2 +
1+ = 2+
1+ = 2+
=

MAT 052 9

= OR =

B. =
=

MAT 052 10
MAT 052: VARIABLE SEPARABLE DE 8/6/2021
AND HOMOGENEOUS DE

= OR =

C. + −2 =0
+ =2

MAT 052 11

= OR =

D. 2 = +1
=

MAT 052 12
MAT 052: VARIABLE SEPARABLE DE 8/6/2021
AND HOMOGENEOUS DE

= OR =

E. + 2 −3 =0
=− 2 −3
= 3 −2
= or =

MAT 052 13

= OR =

F. = −( − 1)

=−

MAT 052 14
MAT 052: VARIABLE SEPARABLE DE 8/6/2021
AND HOMOGENEOUS DE

Obtain the general solution of the DE

2 + = .

MAT 052 15

Obtain the general solution of the DE

− + + = 0.

MAT 052 16
MAT 052: VARIABLE SEPARABLE DE 8/6/2021
AND HOMOGENEOUS DE

MAT 052 17

Obtain the particular solution of the DE

ln ln + = 0 when = 1 and = .

MAT 052 18
MAT 052: VARIABLE SEPARABLE DE 8/6/2021
AND HOMOGENEOUS DE

MAT 052 19

Obtain the particular solution of the DE

2 =3 ; when = 2, = 1.

MAT 052 20
MAT 052: VARIABLE SEPARABLE DE 8/6/2021
AND HOMOGENEOUS DE

MAT 052 21

Homogeneous DE

Theorem: The O.D.E. in differential form

( , ) + ( , ) = 0
is a homogeneous O.D.E. if ( , ) and ( , ) are
homogeneous functions of the same degree.

Another way of identifying a Homogeneous ODE

 If the sum of the powers of and in each term
is the same (same degree)

MAT 052 22
MAT 052: VARIABLE SEPARABLE DE 8/6/2021
AND HOMOGENEOUS DE

Determine if the given DE is

Homogeneous DE
same
1. = degree: 2 Homogeneous DE

2. 2 =3 same Homogeneous DE
degree: 1
3. 2 + = . Not same Nonhomogeneous DE
degree:
2,1
4. − + + =0 Nonhomogeneous DE
Not same degree: 2,3

5. x =4 +7 +2 Homogeneous DE
same degree: 2

MAT 052 23

Steps in solving Homogeneous DE

1. Check your ODE is homogeneous and not separable.

2. Make the substitutions:
 If has less terms then use: = and = +

 If has less terms then use: = and = +

3. Solve your new ODE using separation of variables.

4. Replace using = or =

If your DE is both separable and homogeneous

then use separation of variables to solve it.

MAT 052 24
MAT 052: VARIABLE SEPARABLE DE 8/6/2021
AND HOMOGENEOUS DE

Solve − + = 0.

MAT 052 25

MAT 052 26
MAT 052: VARIABLE SEPARABLE DE 8/6/2021
AND HOMOGENEOUS DE

Solve + 2 +3 = 0.

MAT 052 27

MAT 052 28
MAT 052: VARIABLE SEPARABLE DE 8/6/2021
AND HOMOGENEOUS DE

Solve − = .

MAT 052 29

Solve = + + .

MAT 052 30
MAT 052: VARIABLE SEPARABLE DE 8/6/2021
AND HOMOGENEOUS DE

MAT 052 31

MAT 052 32
MAT 052: VARIABLE SEPARABLE DE 8/6/2021
AND HOMOGENEOUS DE

Solve x =4 +7 +2 when
= 1 and = 1.

MAT 052 33

MAT 052 34
MAT 052: VARIABLE SEPARABLE DE 8/6/2021
AND HOMOGENEOUS DE

MAT 052 35