MEZAN TEPIU UNIVERSITY

College of Agriculture and Natural Resource

Department of Agricultural Economics

3.4. Sampling Techniques and Sample Size

Mizan aman District has 5 Kebele.Such as kometa edegte addis ketema hubrete shasheka
Among those kebeles, five kebeles have relatively the same potential of Livestock production in
the district.These are From these we select purposively the three kebeles (kometa edegte,addis
ketema ,). The total number of households with in the three kebeles 300, 250 and 850
respectively. Therefore, we use non-probability kind of sampling known as purposive sampling
for this study by depending on the potential of Livestock production level(from pastoralist
office).

3.4.1. Sampling Size Determination.

According to Mezan aman district agricultural and Pastoral office, the total number of
households in the three kebeles are 1400 from the census of 2007/08. and the precision level is
10 percent.by using yeman foremula

N
n=
1+ N (e 2)

Where n= sample size

N=total households of target population in the case study

e= level of precision

1400
n=
1+ 1400¿ ¿

1
n=93

The stratum also calculated as follow.

n
Ni= where
N

Ni= the total number of observation in the I the kebele.

N= total numbers of house hold heads in the I the kebele.

ns= total number of sample size

So by using the above stratified sampling formula the proportional number of respondent in each
kebele is calculated as follows.

300
1. From kometa Kebele ( )×93=19
1400
250
2. From edeget Kebele ( )×93=3
1400
850
3. From addis ketema Kebele ( )×93=56
1400

Bayes Theorem Example

Contingency Coefficient: Definition

Coefficient of Association >
The contingency coefficient is a coefficient of association that tells whether two variables or data sets are
independent or dependent of each other. It is also known as Pearson’s Coefficient (not to be confused with Pearson’s
Coefficient of Skewness).
It is based on the chi-square statistic, and is defined by:

In this formula:

2
  χ2 is the chi-square statistic,
 N is the total number of cases or observations in our analysis/study,
 C is the contingency coefficient.

Understanding Contingency Coefficient Values

The contingency coefficient helps us decide if variable b is ‘contingent’ on variable a. However, it is a rough
measure and doesn’t quantify the dependence exactly; It can be used as a rough guide:

 If C is near zero (or equal to zero) you can conclude that your variables are independent of each other;
there is no association between them.
 If C is away from zero there is some relationship; C can only take on positive values.
The larger the table your chi-squared coefficient is calculated from, the closer to 1 a perfect association will
approach. That’s why some statisticians suggest using the contingency coefficient only if you’re working with a 5
by 5 table or larger.

When to Use a Contingency Coefficient

A contingency coefficient is particularly informative if you’re working with a large sample, and you don’t need to
find out if an association is complete or not—just whether or not the association exists.

Other alternative measures of association include the phi coefficient (which has the same weak point as our C; never
reaching one), and Cramers V. Cramers V is often preferred because with perfect association, it becomes exactly 1
no matter how large the table.
Contingency coefficients can be used to estimate the extent of the relationship between two
variables, or to show the strength of a relationship.

The purpose of the model is to estimate the probability that an observation with particular
characteristics will fall into a specific one of the categories; moreover, classifying
observations based on their predicted probabilities is a type of binary classification model.