GREETING FROM THE SECRETARIAT

Hello Delegates!
HIMAHI (Himpunan Mahasiswa Hubungan Internasional), Faculty of Social and Political
Science, University of Jember - batch 2021 changed the name of the semi-autonomous body (BSO) under
the auspices of PSDM Division to BSO School of Diplomacy and MUN (SDM). As a first step, BSO
SDM will be held UNEJ MUN School in this month. UNEJ MUN School will focus on learning, training
and discussion with participants in order to understand every parts of the United Nations conference. We
hope all participants will get many knowledge and experiences from UNEJ MUN School.
UNEJ MUN School will carry the topic about public distrust, a form of feeling disappointed by a
society towards the government based on comparison of what government has done against expectations
which are not in accordance with what they expect, which is seen as a form of obligation from the
legitimacy that has been given. Even when the country is not a crisis, trust is needed as it contributes to
the success of public policies that depend on behavioral responses from the public.
Regarding our topic, everyone has a different opinion and perspective about how to build trust in
public institutions is vital for governments’ ability to respond rapidly and secure citizen support. Here we
are, sharing our ideas. Therefore, everyone could do improvement and make a big impact. So, BSO SDM
HIMAHI UNEJ will try to help participants gain knowledge, experience, and relationships which are
expected to be useful for our society.
The last, don’t doubt yourself because doubts kill more dreams than failure ever will. We wish
you well and hope you have a great time with us. Also remember, please stay at home, be safe, be healthy
and stay awesome.

Warmest regards,
Sehat Binsar - Secretary General

1
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

GREETINGS FROM THE SECRETARIAT ............................................................ 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................. 2
BSO SCHOOL OF DIPLOMACY AND MUN (SDM) ............................................. 3
SCHOOL OF DIPLOMACY ....................................................................................... 4
JEMBER NATIONAL MUN (JNMUN 5.0)............................................................... 5
GENERAL OVERVIEW ............................................................................................. 6
AWARD POLICY ........................................................................................................ 7
RULES OF PROCEDUR ............................................................................................. 8
FLOWCHART .............................................................................................................. 16
PLAGIARISM POLICY .............................................................................................. 17
RELATED DOCUMENTS .......................................................................................... 18
VOTING PROCEDURE .............................................................................................. 20
GUIDE TO MAKE A PAPER .................................................................................... 22
DRAFT RESOLUTION FORMAT GUIDE ............................................................. 30
ENDNOTE

2
 BSO SCHOOL OF DIPLOMACY AND MUN (SDM)
HIMAHI UNIVERSITY OF JEMBER

BSO School of Diplomacy and MUN (SDM) is the new name of semi-autonomous body under
the auspices of PSDM division HIMAHI (Himpunan Mahasiswa Hubungan Internasional) University of
Jember 2021. In its organizational structure, BSO SDM HIMAHI UNEJ consists of a director general,
secretary general, under-secretary general, treasurer, agenda staffs, public relations staffs, search and
development staffs, and pers staffs. BSO SDM HIMAHI UNEJ has three big events, namely MUN
School, School of Diplomacy (SOD), and Jember National MUN (JNMUN) 5.0.
BSO SDM HIMAHI UNEJ will be a platform for introducing diplomacy, simulations to the UN
session to youth, and providing information so that young people are aware of issues that occur in the
world. This year is the first time the name of MUN School has been used. MUN School will carry the
grand theme of “How the COVID-19 Crisis Reshape of International Relations and the Future of the
World Economy”. The council of MUN School is World Health Organization (WHO) with the topic of
"Ensuring Global Trust Amidst the Covid-19 Pandemic". During the implementation, BSO SDM
HIMAHI UNEJ will try to help participants gain knowledge, experience, and relationships which are
expected to be useful for our society.
MUN School 2021 will be held for four meetings. The first meeting will be on Saturday 18
September which will discuss two materials, MUN 101 and how to make a position paper. The second
meeting will be on Saturday 25 September, which will discuss the flow debate of MUN, working papers,
and draft resolutions. The third and fourth meetings will be the MUN conference with Chair and Co-
Chair, which will be held on Saturday 3 October and Sunday 4 October.

3
 SCHOOL OF DIPLOMACY

School of Diplomacy is the second program of BSO SDM which will be held in November 2021.
The concept of School of Diplomacy event is the same as webinars via zoom in general. School of
Diplomacy will be filled by speakers who are experts, professionals, and have many experiences in
diplomacy from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia (Kemlu RI). The materials
are related to diplomacy in theory and practice. School of Diplomacy also plans to collaborate with one
of the graduate of International Relations UNEJ who is working in accordance with the IR job
opportunity. School of Diplomacy aims to introduce diplomacy more fully to college students in
University of Jember.

4
 JEMBER NATIONAL MUN (JNMUN) 5.0

JNMUN 5.0 is an event organized by BSO SDM UNEJ 2021. JNMUN 5.0 will be held on
November virtually via zoom. JNMUN 5.0 will provide training for several meetings to introduce and
provide direction regarding the conduct of a UN session. JNMUN 5.0 will accept the applicants from all
students in Indonesia. The councils and topics that will carry by JNMUN 5.0 still in discussion, but will
be announced soon.
The purpose of JNMUN 5.0 is to provide opportunities for participants, especially youths to be
aware of and give their opinion on the issue that occurs according to the perspective of their respective
countries. The hope is that the participants will understand more and be able to contribute and think about
finding solutions that will be applied together.

5
 GENERAL OVERVIEW

UNEJ MUN (Universitas Jember Model United Nation) School is run and hosted by semi-
autonomous body under the auspices of HIMAHI (Himpunan Mahasiswa Hubungan Internasional),
Faculty of Social and Political Science, University of Jember. It is aimed to provide a platform for future
statesmen, politicians and diplomats to encourage themselves in understanding international issues and
policy, debate and share perspective between participants from different backgrounds and different
ethnicity. The ultimate goal of UNEJ MUN School is to encourage youth awareness of current
international relations and issues, understand and try to form possible solutions to solve the issue, whilst
providing an atmosphere where participants can improve their communication and diplomatic skills,
critical thinking and networking.
UNEJ MUN School will discuss the topic of "Ensuring Global Trust Amidst the Covid-19
Pandemic" with the intention that participants can provide opinions according to their respective
countries. In accordance with the topic, the council that will be carried out in the UNEJ MUN School is
WHO (World Health Organization) because it is in accordance with WHO’s duties and functions.

The WHO’s committee staff typically consists of Chair and Co-Chair(s) and/or Rapporteur.

1. The Chairs is the substantive expert on the issues to be discussed in committee. At UNEJ
MUN School, Chair prepares the background Guide of the topic that is “Ensuring Adequate
Healthcare Systems for People in Developing Countries”. The chair is responsible for
overseeing committee proceedings and ensuring that all aspects of the topic area have been
addressed;
2. The Co-Chairs are additional dais members who help guide committee sessions. Their job is
to aid the Chair by answering delegates’ questions, monitoring blocs during the caucus, and
providing feedback on delegate ideas. Co-Chairs serve as the primary liaison between
delegates and committee Chairs. If delegates have either substantive or procedural questions
or concerns during committee, they should not hesitate to ask Co-Chairs for guidance;
3. The Rapporteurs serves as an aide to the Chair and Co-Chair which includes administrative
matters.

6
 AWARD POLICY

Five individual awards will be given in total: one Best Delegate, one The Most Outstanding
Delegate, one Honorable Mention, one Verbal Commendation, and one The Best Position Paper. Each
committee directors will determine individual awards on the basis of the following criteria:

1. Ability to work with and persuade other delegates through in-depth explanations and
convincing arguments;
2. Quality of position papers;
3. Attendance at all committee sessions;
4. Ability to develop and convey pragmatic and actionable solutions, both orally and in
written form;
5. Exhibition of an in-depth understanding of the intricacies of the topic areas;
6. Skill and effectiveness in caucusing, resolution-writing, and debate.

7
 RULES OF PROCEDURE

This guide is an essential reference for any delegate attending the UNEJ MUN School conference
and will provide an in-depth insight into the Jember National MUN 5.0 Rules of Procedure.

General Rules
Rule 1: Scope

These rules of procedures are for the General Assembly, the Economic and Social Council. The
Specialized Agencies, Regional Bodies, and Crisis Committee are self-sufficient, except for
modifications provided by the Secretariat or Board of Dais, those rules will always take precedence in
the event of a conflict.

Rule 2: Language

English shall be the official language of the committee. No other language shall be allowed during
the sessions, including but not limited to the discussions in unmoderated caucus

Rule 3: Dress code

In UNEJ MUN School, delegates are expected to follow a dress code during all committee
sessions. The prevailing dress code will be formal business attire. No sandals, sneakers, t-shirts, and no
jeans. Delegates who are dress inappropriately may be asked to return to their rooms to change into more
appropriate attire. Formal attire for men includes suit or blazer, neat shirt, trousers, and formal shoes; ties
are optional. Formal attire for ladies includes suit or blazer, formal dress or neat shirt and formal skirt,
and formal shoes. The chair has the authority to take further measuring in the event of delegate wearing
inappropriate attire.

Rule 4: Delegations

a. Each country will be represented by one or two delegates and one vote on each committee. If
two delegates represent a Member State of a Committee, the delegates can present speeches
together without formally yielding as long as only one delegate speaks at any given time.
b. Placards and delegates’ identity cards will be handed over prior to commencing sessions.
c. Delegates must always refer to themselves in the third person by the name of the State or
Organization they are representing, or with the first-person plural. Example: “We..”.,
“Indonesia..”, “The delegate of Thailand..” but not “I..”

8
Rule 5: Participation of Non-Members

a. Observers will have the same right to be recognized and addressed to the committee in debate
as a member state, except that they may not vote on Draft Resolutions (DR), amendments, or
procedural motions.
b. A conference participant that does not represent a member of the United Nations and is not an
observer may address a Committee only with the prior approval of the Chair.

Rule 6: Statements by the Secretariats

The Secretary-General or Under-Secretary-General designated by him/her may at any time make

either written or oral statements of the committee.

Rule 7: General Powers of The Committee Staff

a. The Committee Staff consists of the Chair and Co-Chair(s).

b. The Committee Staff will declare the opening and closing of each committee session and may
propose the adoption of any procedural motion to which there is no significant objection.
c. The Committee Staff will also direct discussions, accord the right to speak, pose questions,
announce decisions, rule on points of order, and ensure and enforce the observance of these
rules.
d. The Committee Staff also has the right to interrupt the flow of debate in order to show a
presentation or to bring in a guest speaker or an expert witness.
e. The Chair can choose to temporarily transfer his or her duties to another member of the
Committee Dais Staff. The Committee Dais Staff members may also advise the delegates on
the possible course of the debate. Further, no handouts may be circulated to the committee
body without the knowledge and explicit approval of the Chair. In the exercise of these
functions, the Committee Dais Staff will be at all times subject to these rules and responsible
to the Secretariats.
f. One of the Chair’s duties is to moderate speaking time, and as such, they will gavel during
speeches to indicate remaining time, and the elapse of speaking time. The Chair will indicate
at the start of the conference at what interval they will gavel, and delegates who are confused
should raise a point of Parliamentary Inquiry.

9
Rule 8: Participants

a. It is obligatory for all delegates and Chair to participate in all consecutive committee sessions.
Those who are not being respectful to the whole agenda during the conference will not be
entitled to acknowledgement and will not be eligible for the award and appreciation were
given.
b. If the participant is not present during roll call, he or she is considered absent until a note is
sent to the Dais staff. A delegate who is recognized but is not present when called upon yields
his or her time to the Chair and debate shall continue unabated.
c. An opportunity for prayer or meditation at the very beginning and at the very end of each
session. Any delegate may move for a minute of silence before the first roll call takes place
or immediately after the debate has been adjourned.

Rule 9: Credentials

The credentials of all delegations have been accepted upon registration. Actions relating to the
modification of rights, privileges, or credentials of any member may not be initiated without the written
consent of the Secretary-General. Any representative to whose admission a member objects will
provisionally be seated with the same rights as other representatives, pending a decision from the
Secretary-General.

Rule 10: Courtesy

Delegates are warned that UNEJ MUN School has a zero-tolerance policy for slandering,
disparaging, or acting in any other way that is inflammatory to other delegates, committee staff, and board
of dais. Neither speeches nor debates with other delegates may contain remarks of this nature. Any
delegate who feels that he or she is not being treated respectfully is encouraged to speak to the Chair,
who will then take the appropriate action. This rule shall not be misconstructed to prohibit robust and
vigorous substantive debate over disagreements between delegates’ national policies, so long as such
debate is conducted with courtesy and respect.

Rule 11: Use of Electronic Devices and Notes

a. It is expected that all delegates bring an electronic device to UNEJ MUN School.
b. All working papers and draft resolution must be word-processed, and the Chair may request
amendments be word-processed at their discretion.
c. The usage of electronic devices during moderated caucus or at the General Speakers’ List may
be prohibited at the discretion of the Chair.

10
 d. Delegates should not talk unless recognized by the Chair or in an unmoderated caucus.
Delegates are welcome to communicate during sessions by passing notes, so long as this does
not become disruptive. Notes should contain “To” (a country that should receive the note” and
“From” (country that sends the note).

Rule 12: Quorum

a. The Chair may declare a committee open and permit debate to proceed when at least one-
quarter of the members of the committee (as declared at the beginning of the first session) are
present.
b. A member of the committee is a representative who is officially registered with the conference.
The presence of a majority of the members will be required for the vote on any substantive
motion. A quorum will be assumed to be present unless specifically challenged and shown to
be absent.

Rule 13: Roll Call

a. Roll call will be conducted at the beginning of each session by the Chair in alphabetical order.
Delegates shall establish their presence in the committee in either of the two following
manners:

1) Present and voting:

Should vote “in favour/yes” or “against/no” in the substantive matter, without any
possibility to pass or abstain.
2) Present:
Should vote “in favour/yes” or “against/no”, “abstain” and “pass” on the substantive matter.
b. After roll call, the Chair will announce simple and two-thirds majority, as well as the minimum
sponsors of Draft Resolution submission and amendment.
c. Delegates who arrive during or after the roll call are required to send notes to the Chair stating
whether they are “present” or “present and voting”.

11
Rules Governing Debate
Rule 14: Agenda
The first order of business for the committee will be consideration of the agenda:
a. UNEJ MUN School only has one topic in all committees, therefore it will be considered to
have automatically adopted that topic area without debate.
b. The council will proceed to General Speakers’ List (GSL). Delegates may speak generally
on the topic area being considered. The Chair will invite those delegates who want to be put
on the list. A country may add its name to the Speakers List by submitting a request in writing
to the Chair, provided that country is not already on the Speakers List and may remove its name
from the Speakers List by submitting a request in writing to Chair. The default speaking time
for each speaker is one minute thirty seconds. If there is still remaining time, delegates are able
to yield their remaining time in one of the three following ways:

1) Yield to another delegate, his or her remaining time will be offered to that delegate. If
the delegate accepts the yield, the Chair shall recognize the delegate for the remaining
time. To turn the floor over to a co-delegate of the same member state is not considered a
yield;
2) Yield to question, questionnaires will be selected by the Chair and limited to one question
each. Follow-up questions will be allowed only at the discretion of the Chair. The Chair
will have the right to call to order any delegate whose question is, in the opinion of the
Chair, rhetorical and leading and not designed to elicit information. Only the speaker’s
answers to questions will be deducted from the speaker’s remaining time;
3) Yield to the Chair. Such a yield should be made if the delegate does not wish his/her
speech to be subject to questions. The moderator will then move to the next speaker.

c. Motions are proposed by the delegates to drive the debate, such as proposing specific topics to
be discussed by the council. Motions and points shall be raised when the floor is declared open
by the Chair. The motion will require a simple majority to pass.
These are several motions that are being used, such as:
1. Motion for a moderated caucus;
2. Motion for an unmoderated caucus;
3. Motion to extend the previous moderated caucus or unmoderated caucus;
4. Motion to close the debate (two-thirds majority);
5. Motion to suspend the meeting (to halt all council activities until the next scheduled
meeting;
12
 6. Motion to adjourn the meeting (to end all council activities).

d. All motions for caucus shall be ruled dilatory during the consideration of the agenda. Also,
delegates will not be allowed to yield their time.

Rule 15: Moderated Caucus

The purpose of this moderated caucus is to facilitate substantive debate at critical junctures in the
discussion. In a moderated caucus, the Chair will temporarily depart from the Speakers List and call on
delegates to speak at his/her discretion. A motion for a moderated caucus is in order at any time when the
floor is open, prior to closure of debate. The delegate making the motion must briefly explain its purpose
and specify a time limit for the caucus, not to exceed fifteen minutes, and a time limit for the individual
speeches. Once raised, the motion will be voted immediately, with a majority of members required for
passage. Chair may rule the motion out of order. No motions are in order during a moderated caucus. If
no delegates wish to speak during a moderated caucus, the caucus shall immediately end.

Rule 16: Unmoderated caucus

A motion for an unmoderated caucus is in order at any time when the floor is open, prior to closure
of debate. The delegate making the motion must specify a time limit for the caucus, not to exceed fifteen
minutes. The motion will immediately be put a vote. A majority number is required for passage. Chair
may rule the motion out of order.

Rule 17: Closure of debate

When the floor is open, a delegate may move to close debate on the substantive or procedural
matter under discussion. Delegates may move to close debate on the general topic or debate on an
amendment. Chair may rule such a motion dilatory. When the closure of debate is moved, the Chair may
recognize up to two speakers against the motion. If there are no speakers against the motion it
automatically passes. No speaker in favour of the motion will be recognized. Closure of debate requires
the support of two-thirds of the members present. If the committee is in favour of closure, Chair will
declare the closure of the debate, and move the committee to immediate voting procedure.

Rule 18: Postponement and resumption of the debate

Whenever the floor is open, a delegate may move for the postponement of debate on a draft
resolution, amendment, or topic currently on the floor. The motion, otherwise known as “tabling” will
require a two-thirds vote to pass and will be debatable to the extent of one speaker in favour and one
opposed. No debate or action will be allowed on any draft resolution, amendment, or topic on which
debate has been postponed. A motion to resume debate on an amendment, draft resolution, or topic on

13
which debate has been postponed will require a majority to pass and will be debatable to the extent of
one speaker in favour and one opposed. If there is no speaker against, the motion automatically passes.
Resumption of the debate will cancel the effects of postponement of debate. Chair discretion over the
postponement of debate.

Rules Governing Speeches

Rule 19: Speeches

a. No delegate may address a session without having previously obtained the permission of the
Chair. Chair may call a speaker to order if his/her remarks are not relevant to the subject under
discussion, or are offensive to committee members or staff;
b. The maximum time of speeches varies, based on the motion proposed by other delegates. The
time limit for speeches is always subject to the Chair’s approval.

Rule 20: Time Limit on Speeches

Chair may limit the time allotted to each speaker. The minimum time limit will be ten seconds.
When a delegate exceeds his/her allotted time, Chair may call the speaker to order without delay.

Rule 21: Right of Reply

A delegate whose personal or national integrity has been impugned by another delegate may
submit a Right of Reply only in writing to the committee staff or by raising a point. The Chair will grant
the Right of Reply and his or her discretion and a delegate granted a Right of Reply will not address the
committee except at the request of Chair.

Rules Governing Points

Rule 22: Points of Personal Privilege

Whenever a delegate experiences personal discomfort which impairs his or her ability to
participate in the proceedings, he or she may rise to a Point of Personal Privilege to request that the
discomfort be corrected. While a Point of Personal privilege in extreme case may interrupt a speaker,
delegates should use this power with the utmost discretion.

14
Rule 23: Points of Order

During the discussion of any matter, a delegate may rise to a Point of Order to indicate an instance
of improper parliamentary procedure. The Point of Order will be immediately decided by the Chair in
accordance with these rules of procedure. Chair may rule out of order those points that are improper. A
representative rising to a Point of Order may not speak on the substance of the matter under discussion.
A Point of Order may only interrupt a speaker if the speech is not following proper parliamentary
procedure.

Rule 24: Points of Parliamentary Inquiry

When the floor is open, a delegate may rise to a Point of Parliamentary Inquiry to ask Chair a
question regarding the rules of procedure. A point of parliamentary inquiry may never interrupt a speaker.
Delegates with the substantive questions should not rise to this point, but should rather approach the
committee staff during caucus or send a note to the dais.

15
 FLOWCHART

Opening Speech/ GSL

Speakers on GSL Yields to:

Another Delegate Question

The Chair Person

The Chair May Open the floor to motion

or points

Point of Personal Point of Order Motion for Caucus Point of Introduce Working
Privilege Parliamentary
Paper or Draft
Enquiry Resolution
Unmoderated Moderated

Caucus Caucus

Continue the GSL

Voting Procedure

16
 PLAGIARISM POLICY

The open exchange of ideas plays a crucial role in debate. However, it is important for all delegates
to acknowledge clearly when they have relied upon or incorporated the work of others. It is expected that
all material submitted to the committee staff before and during the conference will be the delegates’ own
work. Delegates should always take great care to distinguish their own ideas and knowledge from any
information derived from sources through the proper citation of all quoted and paraphrased material.
Delegates who are in any doubt should consult their faculty advisor, Director, and/or Under-Secretary
General before the work is prepared or submitted. Plagiarism can take many forms, including:

1. Verbatim plagiarism using the words of an outside sources or another delegate without proper
citation.

2. Inadequate paraphrase adapting the ideas of an outside source or another delegate without
acknowledging the origin of those ideas

3. Material replications submitting writing that have been previously used in an academic or
extra-curricular setting, or in a different model UN committee.

All materials submitted to the dais will be vetted for plagiarism. Any suspicious regarding an
infraction of the plagiarism policy should be brought to the immediate attention of the committee
Director.

17
 RELATED DOCUMENTS

1. Working Paper
Working Paper is used by Delegates to present their ideas and information regarding the topic that
has been discussed previously. This Working Paper does not have any format, and there is no
maximum number of working papers and it can be submitted by individual delegates or by a bloc.
The Chair will open submission for Working Papers and declare the time limit for submission of
the Working Paper and the method to submit it. In case when there are more than one working papers,
the numberings will be under the decision of the Chair. After working papers have been received by
The Chair, delegates can discuss the Working Paper by raising a moderated caucus to discuss the
Working Paper with the number that has been decided by the Chair.

2. Draft Resolution
Draft Resolution contain solutions and contents to address the issue being debated, which also has
to answer the Question a Resolution Must Answer (QARMAs) written in the Study Guide. Draft
Resolution has rigid formats, such as the sponsors, signatories, as well as perambulatory and
operative clauses. A draft resolution should be sponsored by maximum four persons, and signed by
at least ten percent of the council, before it can be entertained. The sponsors of one draft resolution
can’t be sponsors or signatories of another draft resolution, but the signatories of one draft resolution
can be signatories of another draft resolution.
The Chair will determine the time limit for the submission of draft resolution, the method to
submit it, and the maximum amount of draft resolutions recognized by the Chair. If there are more
than one draft resolutions, the numberings of draft resolution will be under the decision of the Chair.
After the Chair recognizes draft resolutions, the sponsors of draft resolutions can introduce their draft
resolutions by raising a motion. In order for the motion to be passed, it will need simple majority.
The Chair will then invite the representatives from each bloc to introduce their Draft Resolution. The
maximum representatives from each bloc are under the decision of the Chair. After that, The Chair
will open question and answer session so that other delegates in the council can ask questions
regarding the draft resolution being presented. The maximum time limit for presentation of draft
resolution will be determined by the Chair.

18
 A Draft Resolution may not be withdrawn from the floor. If delegates wish to merge two draft
resolutions, or substantially amend a single draft resolution, they should submit their work as a new
draft resolution.

3. Division of The Question

After the debate on a draft resolution has been closed, a delegate may motion to vote on a set of
operative clauses separately. The moderator will then take all further motions to divide and arrange
the question from most severe to least severe. If there is an objection to the division of the question,
the motion will be debated by two speakers for and two speakers against. A simple majority is
required to pass. If it passes, the draft resolution shall be divided accordingly, and a separate vote
will be taken on each divided part to determine whether it is in the final draft. Parts of the
substantive proposals that have passed voting procedure will be recombined into the final resolution
and be put to a substantive vote as a whole. If all parts of the operative clauses of the proposal are
rejected, the following resolution will be considered as rejected as a whole.

4. Clarification Points on Resolutions

At the moderator’s discretion, he or she may recognize a delegate or group of delegates rising
to answer clarification points on an introduced draft resolution, or the moderator may answer these
points him or herself. These points are non-substantive and typically refer to typographical errors
or mistakes in the punctuation and spelling of the document in question. The moderator’s decision
on this matter is not subject to appeal. Any substantive points will be ruled out of order during this
period, and the director may end this clarification question answer period for any reason, including
time constraints. Motions to suspend the rules for substantive points on a resolution may be
entertained by the director.

5. Closing the Introduction of the Draft Resolutions

A motion to close debate will be in order after the committee has heard the clarification points on
resolutions. A voting procedure will then be in order and a simple majority vote will be used to pass
the motion. Once the introduction of the draft resolution has been closed, the Committee will proceed
with the debate.

19
6. Amendment of Draft Resolution
Amendment of Draft Resolution should have the approval of the Chair and be signed by at least
one-fifth of the delegates in each committee. Amendments are numbered in the order on the eventual
size of the committee. To introduce an amendment, delegate should propose a motion which requires
simple majority to pass. The time limit and procedure on the introduction are the same as the draft
resolution. The committee will move to an immediate substantive vote on whether to adopt the
amendment. If the vote receives the simple majority required, the amendment will be considered part
of the draft resolution.

VOTING PROCEDURE

a. Procedural Voting
All voting is considered procedural with the exception of voting on draft resolutions.
Delegates must vote on all procedural motions, and no abstentions are allowed. A motion that
requires a simple majority needs more affirmative than negative votes to pass. A motion that
requires a two-third majority vote to pass requires exactly or more than two-thirds of the delegates
to be affirmative. If the required number of speakers for or against a motion is failed to be reached,
the motion will automatically pass or fail.

b. Substantive Voting
Substantive Voting is conducted on the voting of draft resolutions and voting on
amendments. For substantive voting, each country shall have one vote. Substantive vote for the
voting on amendments will be conducted immediately after the motion to close the debate has
passed with simple majority vote. The voting is obliged to be conducted with all delegates’
participations. Once the vote reaches the simple majority vote, the amendment is applied to the
draft resolution. Substantive voting for the voting on draft resolutions will be conducted by the
rule of roll call. During substantive voting of a draft resolution or amendment, the council will
secure the chamber. All delegates, Chair, Co-Chair, and Pages are not allowed to exit the
conference room for any reason until after the substantive voting has ended.

20
c. Reordering Draft Resolutions
After the closure of the debate, a motion to change the order of voting on draft resolutions
currently on the floor will be in order. There will be no debate in this motion, and it will require
a simple majority to pass. The reordering proposals will be voted on in the other that they were
received. If the order is concluded, then the floor continues immediately with roll call vote.

d. Roll Call Vote

Roll Call Vote is conducted to decide which draft resolution will be adopted by the council
as a resolution. The Chair will call countries based on alphabetical order, and the delegates who
are “present and voting” should vote “Yes”, “No”, “Yes with Rights”, “No with Rights”, but no
abstain. The delegates who are “present” may vote “Yes”, “No”, “Yes with rights”, “No with
rights, and “Abstain”. All delegates who request the right of explanation will be granted time to
explain their votes, not to exceed thirty seconds, after the announcement of the voting result.

e. Voting by Acclamation
The Chair has the authority to ask the delegates if they want to vote by acclamation.
Delegates can raise a motion to vote by acclamation and the Chair will ask if there is any objection.
If committee members have no objections, then the motion will automatically be adopted without
going into voting procedure. A single objection to voting by acclamation means that the
committee will go into normal voting procedure.

21
 GUIDE TO MAKE A PAPER

POSITION PAPER
A position paper is required for each topic to be discussed in your forum. In order to produce a
position paper, you need to integrate both your country research, and the research of your given topic.
When a researching a topic, start with information about the topic in general. Then go back to the oldest
information about the topic that you can find, and work your way to the most recent information (this
provides you with a stronger context and origin of the issue); make sure to find good pieces of evidence
that are liable during the debate. Always research your countries views on the topic as well as other
influential countries’. Never forget to research what the UN actions were regarding the topic.
A position paper (also called a policy statement or a point of view paper) presents one side of an
arguable opinion about an issue, the country or the organization that the delegate representing. The goal
of a position paper is to convince the audience that your opinion is valid and defensible. It is very
important to ensure that you are addressing all sides of the issue and presenting it in a manner that is easy
for your audience to understand. Your job is to take one side of the argument and persuade your audience
that you have well-founded knowledge of the topic being presented. It is important to support your
argument with evidence to ensure the validity of your claims, as well as to refute the counterclaims to
show that you are well informed about both sides.
When writing a position paper, there are three main aspects to look into:
1. Introduction:
The Abstract
- What should your abstract do?
The abstract has a dual purpose: to indicate both the topic and your delegation's view on it.
The other purpose is to grab your reader’s attention.
- What should your abstract include?
Introduce and identify the issue at hand, provide background on the topic to explain why it
is important. Assert the thesis (your view of the issue), make sure that your position on the
topic is clear without stating "the delegation is with/ against the specified topic", and just
give hints.

22
2. Body:
More about the Situation and past/ current UN actions
- What should the body do?
The body should give the reader more information about the topic at hand and what the
UN had done or tried to do to help in solving the issue.
- What should your body include?
The body should include more information about the topic, more background information
about the topic, including supporting evidence or facts. It should also include any actions
that The UN took regarding the issue (such as creating resolutions, using organization to
help with the issue, sending troops... etc.). You can also include what other member states
have done regarding the topic.

3. Conclusion:
Country's Position and Proposals for Action
- What should the conclusion do?
The conclusion should give the reader an insight on what your country thinks of the topic,
it should also include possible operative clauses that can be included in your resolutions.
- What should the conclusion include?
The conclusion should include your country's position clearly and should include any
possible solutions your country would like to propose regarding the topic.

The formats for the position paper are:

1. Written in English Only
2. It should be in MS Word
3. Times New Roman, Font size 12
4. Justified text
5. Line Spacing 1,5
6. In the header, there should be a committee, country, and agenda mentioned.
7. There should be four paragraphs showing:
a. Introduction and the country’s stance
b. What your country is doing regarding the agenda

23
 c. What your committee and other international organizations are doing regarding the
agenda
d. Possible solutions
8. In the footer, mention the references (full URL required)
9. Country flag or Coat of Arms may be used or watermarked
10. Titled in the following format: POSPAP _ COUNTRY
11. No longer than 2 pages (including the bibliography or references)
12. Footnote format or insert the bibliography at the end are allowed
13.Should be submitted in PDF format

24
 SAMPLE OF POSITION PAPER

Committee : United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF)

Agenda : Rehabilitation of Child Soldiers
Delegation : Iraq

The issue of child soldiers is an important one for the whole world, but it is vital to counter
especially for Iraq. Ever since the US invasion of our territory in 2003, we have been vulnerable to third-
party attacks by nongovernmental organizations, and with these organizations comes the sad reality about
the recruitment of child soldiers. Iraq recognizes that a large number of these soldiers are inside Iraq itself
but calls for attention to the fact that Iraq is not on the 2017 list of Child Soldiers Prevention Act and that
is solely because Iraq is not to blame and is the victim in this scenario.
According to reports, more than 30% of the child soldiers are girls who are mostly used for
cooking or to sexually exploit and the rest are boys used as porter, messenger, medic, guard, suicide
bombers, and of course soldiers themselves. The Iraqi Criminal Code foresees sentences for those who
conscript children into forces outside of state control and our constitution prohibits all forms of
phycological and physical torture and any confessions made under force, threat or torture shall not be
relied on and victims will be compensated. The delegate of Iraq urges us to recognize before all we are
the victims. We are in such a situation where pointing fingers at us and blaming us will be of no use as
we are currently a war-torn country hoping that all mighty Allah saves us this hell on earth.
As for help from UN bodies and other global organizations, we plead to them to help us. To the
committees of the General Assembly, we ask them to oversee the humanitarian aid being given, the
refugees being displaced and how they are treated, the foreign supply of arms to the government, and
also the setting up of safe zones if required. However, these all must be done in accordance with the
respective committee’s mandates and after prior acceptance from the government of Iraq.

25
 The situation at hand is no less than an ongoing crisis of great stature and as such, the delegate would
like to propose some personal solutions to be hopefully added to the draft resolution of the conference as
the delegate believes that these will surely benefit the situation to some extent. The solutions are as
follows:
1. Set up rehabilitation centers in areas that can afford to do so whether with local taxes or through
the help of international aid to help with the reintegration of child soldiers back into society
through mental counseling.
2. Giving former child soldiers who are now safe from the threat of their recruiters up for adoption
to families with similar backgrounds and culture through the possible help of UNHCR or other
adoption organizations so that they can feel a part of a safe family and make it easier for
themselves forget about their traumas and reintegrate themselves back into society.
3. Urge countries to conduct workshops or seminars in places where children are vulnerable to
becoming child soldiers under the security of state forces and to promote ways of legal income,
the dangers of being child soldiers and the people they can contact or places they can go to if
they’re in danger.
4. Appreciates the subsidizing and wider supply of medicines that help to withdraw from addictive
drugs to help the former child soldiers who were under the influence of such drugs to improve
their mental health. The funding may be done by the local government if possible or through aid
from the international community.
5. After discussing with UNICEF and them verifying the places to be safe for children to work in,
children aged 15 or above should be employed in some kind of non-extensive domestic work such
as being a home helper or a cook for a non-abusive family in the situation that no other forms of
income are being able to be managed for families in dire need.
6. Countries voluntarily sending aid to conflict zones should include medicines necessary to better
or maintain the proper sexual health of women and female children and also nutrition-heavy
formulas such as vitamin tablets and powder to help reduce the malnutrition faced by the majority
of children in war-torn areas.
Bibliography:
https://justiceinconflict.org/2017/01/12/confronting-the-use-of-child-soldiers-in-iraq/
https://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/2017/271111.htm
https://www.newsweek.com/child-soldiers-law-rex-tillerson-trump-718013 https://www.hrw.org/world-
report/2018/country-chapters/iraq

26
 SAMPLE OF WORKING PAPER

Committee: UN Commission on Trade and Development

Topic: Generalized System of Preferences
Signatories: Algeria, United States, Colombia, United Kingdom, South Africa, Portugal,
Republic of Korea, and Spain

The authors of this working paper believe that a GSP should be set up so that Least-Developed Countries
(LDCs) receive preferential treatment from Developed Countries (DCs). To that end we propose:

1. Each DC reduces its tariffs to the lowest level possible. This level will be determined
by the below created subcommittee.
2. Bilateral trade agreements should be pursued for further reductions in tariffs.
3. Trade preferences should be granted in the following areas:
a. Agriculture
b. Manufactures
c. Semi-manufactures
d. Raw materials
4. Decisions on giving nations preference in product coverage should be made in
consultation with the affected LDC. Annual re-evaluation of coverage shall take
place with the LDC with dispute going to the below-created subcommittee.
5. A subcommittee of UNCTAD should be created with equal membership of
developed and developing countries. This subcommittee would have the following
powers:
a. To mediate disputes between preference givers and receivers
b. Make recommendations which all countries should follow
c. Serve as a forum for airing grievances relating to the GSP
d. Report regularly to the Secretary-General

27
 SAMPLE OF DRAFT RESOLUTION

Committee: UN Commission on Science and Technology

Topic: International Newsflow Imbalance
January 29th, 2017. New York, United States of America
Signatories: Algeria, United States, Colombia, United Kingdom, South Africa, Portugal,
Republic of Korea, and Spain.

The Economic and Social Council,

Noting its Resolution A/36/89 of 16 December 1981, “The Declaration on Fundamental Principles
Concerning the Contribution of the Mass Media to Strengthening Peace and International Understanding,

Noting further Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, “Everyone has the right
to...receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers,”

Recognizing that the problem of newsflow imbalance is that two-way information among countries of a
region is either nonexistent or insufficient and information exchanged between regions of the world is
inadequate,

Realizing the need for all sovereign nations to maintain their integrity and still play an active role in the
international system,

1. Recommends that a three-level information interchange system be established on the National,

Regional, and International levels to ameliorate the current problems of newsflow imbalance,
operating as follows:

a. Each region’s member nations will report their national information and receive the
information of other nations in their region from the regional level of this interchange
system;

b. Nations will decide the character of the newsflow media best suited to the need of their
sovereign territory, be this printed, audio, or audio-visual;
28
 c. Regional News Gathering Agencies will serve to gather information from the nations in
their region, and these boards will have no editorial discretion and will serve to forward
all information to the International Board;
d. Each regional agency will be composed of representatives from every member nation of
the region;
e. The primary function of the International Board will be to translate information
accumulated from the regional news gathering agencies;
f. In order to expedite the transfer of information from the international to regional level the
International Board will utilize a UN frequency on an EEC (European Economic
Community) satellite;
2. Urges the establishment of the University of International Communications, with main branch
in Geneva, Switzerland, and additional branches located in each of the aforementioned regions,
to pursue the following aims:
a. The University and branches will be established with the express purpose of
bringing together world views and facilitating the transfer of technology;
b. All member nations of the United Nations will be equally represented at the
University;
c. Incentives will be offered to students of journalism and communications at the
University to return to their countries to teach upon completion of instruction;
d. The instructors of the regional education centers will be comprised of a multi-
partisan coalition of educators from throughout the world;
3. Calls for the continued use of funds from the International Program for the Development of
Communications, Special Account, UNESCO, the UNDP, and other sources of funding
including national governments and private donors;
4. Further recommends that the distribution of funds be decided by the IPDC.

29
 DRAFT RESOLUTION FORMAT GUIDE

Heading
The title should be in capital letters, above the main body of the resolution. The title consists of a
number (signifying the first or second topic area being discussed), followed by another number
(identifying the individual resolution). For example, the first draft resolution on the first topic area
discussed would be titled “Draft Resolution 1.1” accordingly. The committee Director will assign the
number once the resolution has been approved.
On the left margin and two lines below the title should be:
(1) the committee name,
(2) the topic addressed by the resolution, and
(3) the sponsors and signatories of the resolution.

Body
The resolution is written in the format of a long sentence. Just as grammatical rules make a
language more uniform in its usage, so is the resolution in its format.
The resolution begins with “The General Assembly,” for all GA committees and with “The
Economic and Social Council,” for all ECOSOC committees. The Regional Bodies and the Security
Council use their own names as the introductory line. The rest of the resolution consists of phrases and
clauses with the first word of each phrase/clause underlined.
The next section, consisting of Pre-ambulatory Phrases, describes the problem being addressed,
recalls past actions taken, explains the purpose of the resolution, and offers support for the operative
clauses that follow. Each clause in the preamble begins with an underlined word and ends with a comma.
Operative Clauses are numbered and state the action to be taken by the body. These clauses all begin with
present tense active verbs, which are generally stronger words than those used in the Preamble. Each
operative clause is followed by a semi-colon except the last, which ends with a period. Any sub-operative
clauses (or sub-sub-clauses, etc) also should end with a semi-colon. There should be no periods in the
body of the resolution.

30
Content
Of course, the most important characteristic of the final resolution is the content, which will be
carefully scrutinized by the Director before approval. A well-written resolution demonstrates:
 Familiarity with the problem. Relevant background information and previous United
Nations actions are included;
 Recognition of the issues. Arguments on the topic are specified early. At a minimum, the
resolution should address in some;
 Form all the issues listed in the “Questions a Resolution Must Answer” section of the
Background guide;
 A clear and concise style. Every clause and phrase should have a purpose;
 Good form. Each phrase and clause should follow the exact format described above.

SAMPLE PREAMBULATORY PHRASES

Affirming Expressing its appreciation Noting with regret

Alarmed by Expressing its satisfaction Noting with deep concerned
Approving Fulfilling Noting with satisfaction
Aware of Fully alarmed Noting further
Bearing in mind Fully aware Nothing with approval
Believing Fully believing Observing
Confident Further deploring Reaffirming
Contemplating Further recalling Realizing
Convinced Guided by Recalling
Declaring Having adopted Recognizing
Deeply concerned Having considered Referring
Deeply conscious Having considered further Seeking
Deeply convinced Having devoted attention Taking into account
Deeply disturbed Having examined Taking into consideration
Deeply regretting Having heard Taking Note
Desiring Having received Viewing with appreciation
Emphasizing Having studied Welcoming

Expecting Keeping in mind

31
 SAMPLE OPERATIVE PHRASES

Affirms Endorses
Approves Expresses its appreciation
Authorizes Express its hope
Calls Further invites
Calls upon Further proclaims
Condemns Further reminds
Confirm Further recommends
Congratulates Further requests
Considers Further resolves
Declares accordingly Has resolved
Deplores Notes
Designates Proclaims
Draws the attention Reaffirms
Emphasizes Recommends
Encourages Regrets
Endorses Reminds
Expresses its appreciation Requests
Expresses its hope Solemnly affirms
Further invites Strongly condemns
Deplores Supports
Designates Takes note of
Draws the attention Transmits
Emphasizes Trust
Encourages

32
 ENDNOTE

All content of this Rules of Procedures is derived and adopted from Asia Youth International Model
United Nations (AYIMUN), A Beginner’s Guide to MUN - Oxford University United Nations Association
(OOUNA), Bloomsburg University Model United Nations (BUMUN), SIGMA MUNDI, Bandung Online
Model United Nations (BDOMUN), Harvard National Model United Nations (HNMUN), UNEJ MUN 3.0,
and Delegate Handbook- Modern Youth International (MYI) MUN 6.0.

33