Grade 8

Activity Sheets
Quarter 1 Week 1-2

1
Name:
Grade/Section:
Date: _______________ Total Score: 0

Factoring of Polynomials with Common

Monomial Factor
Learning Competency: Factors completely different types of polynomials
(polynomials with common monomial factor, difference of two squares, sum
and difference of two cubes, perfect square trinomials, and general
trinomials). (M8AL-Ia-b-1)

Specific Objective: Factor polynomials with common monomial factor.

Concept:
There are several ways of factoring polynomials. The first and basic
factoring technique is factoring polynomials with a common monomial factor.
Recall the use of the distributive property to find the product of a
polynomial and a monomial. This is also used to factor polynomials with a
common monomial factor.
In this lesson basic knowledge on GCF is very much useful.
Illustrative Examples:

A. Factor 5x + 10.
Solution:
First, find the GCF of 5x and 10 using prime factorization.
5x = 5 x

10 = 5 2
5 = 5
The GCF is 5.
Next, write each term as the product of the GCF and its other
factor.
5x + 10 = 5 (x) + 5 (2)

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Then, apply the distributive property.
5x + 10 = 5 (x) + 5 (2)

= 5 (x + 2)

Factor 8x2 + 12x.

Solution:
First, find the GCF of 8x2 and 12x using prime factorization.
8x2 = 2 2 2 x x

12x = 2 2 3 x

2 2 x = 4x

The GCF is 4x.

Next, write each term as the product of the GCF and its other factor.
8x2 + 12x = 4x (2x) + 4x (3)
Then, apply the distributive property.
8x2 + 12x = 4x (2x) + 4x (3)
= 4x (2x + 3)
Factor 6a + 8a2b – 14a3b2.
Solution:
6a = 2 3 a

8a2b = 2 2 2 a a b

14a3b2 = 2 7 a a a b b

2 a = 2a

The GCF is 2a.

Next, write each term as the product of the GCF and its other factor.
6a + 8a2b – 14a3b2 = 2a (3) + 2a (4ab) – 2a (7a2b2)
Then, apply the distributive property.

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 6a + 8a2b – 14a3b2 = 2a (3) + 2a (4ab) – 2a (7a2b2)
= 4x (3 + 4ab – 7a2b2)

Note: The factoring process done in all examples can be checked by

multiplying the factors. If the original expression is obtained, then the
factors are correct.

Activity 1. Fill in the blanks with the correct answers:

1. 4x + 2y = ______ (2x + y)

2. 6a – 3b = 3 ( ______ – b)

3. 10b + 5c = ______ (2b + ______ )

4. 4m + 12n= 4 ( ______ + ______ )

5. 5y2 + 10 = ______ ( ______ + 2 )

Activity 2. Factor each expression. Write your answer in the box.

1. xy + xz = 11. 14p2 + 21 =

2. 2n – 2m = 12. 20x2 – 15x =

3. abc + cde = 13. 18bc2 + 24b2c =

4. box + boy = 14. 9a3 – 21a2 =

5. 12c – 9d = 15. 8m2 + 2mn + 4mn2 =

4
Reference:
Bernabe, J. G. (2009). High School Mathematics Revised Edition Elementary
Algebra. Quezon City, Philippines: SD Publications, Inc.

R - Jhon C. Alag Abshalom P. Legaspi

Writer Layout Artist
Digos City National Goma National High School
High School

5
Name:
Grade/Section:
Date: _______________ Total Score: 0

Factoring the Difference of Two Squares

Learning Competency: Factors completely different types of polynomials
(polynomials with common monomial factor, difference of two squares, sum
and difference of two cubes, perfect square trinomials, and general
trinomials) (M8AL-Ia-b-1)

Specific Objective: Factor completely the difference of two squares.

Concept:
The Difference of Two Squares (DOTS) is the product of the Sum and the
Difference of Two Terms.
Recall that: (A – B) (A + B) = A2 – B2 ,
where: (A – B) (A + B) are the factors (Sum and Difference of Two
Terms)

A2 – B2 is the product (Difference of Two Squares).

To factor DOTS, follow the steps:

1. Extract the square root of the first term. This becomes the
first term of the factors.
2. Extract the square root of the last term. This becomes the
last terms of the factors.
3. Express these square roots as the sum and the difference of
two terms.

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Illustrative Examples:

A. Factor x2 - 49.

Solution:

Step 1: Extract the square root of the first term. √𝑥 = x

Step 2: Extract the square root of the last term. √49 = 7

Step 3: Express these square roots as the sum and the

difference of two terms. (x + 7) (x – 7)

Therefore, x2 – 49 = (x + 7) (x – 7)

B. Factor 9a2 – 25b2.

Solution:

Step 1: √9𝑎 = 3a

Step 2: √25𝑏 = 5b

Step 3: (3a + 5b) (3a – 5b)

Therefore, 9a2 – 25b2 = (3a + 5b) (3a – 5b)

C. Factor 16x4 – 64y2.

Solution:

Step 1: √16𝑥 = 4x2

Step 2: 64𝑦 = 8y

Step 3: (4x2 + 8y) (4x2 – 8y)

Therefore, 16x4 – 64y2 = (4x2 + 8y) (4x2 – 8y)

Again, the factoring process can be verified by multiplying the factors.

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Activity 1. Fill in the blanks.

1. n2 – p2 = ( ______ - p) (n + ______ )

2. e2 – x2 = ( e – x ) ( ______ + ______ )

3. b2 – 49 = ( ______ - 7) ( ______ + 7)

4. x2 – 36 = (x - ______ ) (x + ______ )

5. y2 – 81 = ( ______ - ______ ) ( ______ + 9 )

Activity 2. Factor each expression. Write your answer in the box.

6. y2 – 9 =

7. x2 – 64 =

8. m2 – 121 =

9. x2 – 4 =

10. a2 – 16 =

11. 25h2 – 36 =

12. 100r2 – 49 =

13. 9w2 – 81 =

14. 16x2 – 25y2 =

15. 4z2 – 1 =

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Activity 3. From the given expressions, pair up two perfect squares in

order to form a Difference of Two Squares. Write the DoTS and their

factors in the spaces provided.

p2 h2k4 8a2 36 4v2

m6n2 50 81 144b2 9y

1 25w3 14h4 169u2 200

Difference of Two Squares

Factors
(DoTS)

=
1.
=
2.
=
3.

Write your answer in a sheet paper , then take a

photo and upload it here

Reference:
Bernabe, J. G. (2009). High School Mathematics Revised Edition Elementary
Algebra. Quezon City, Philippines: SD Publications, Inc.

R-Jhon C. Alag Abshalom P. Legaspi

Writer Layout Artist
Digos City National Goma National High School
High School

9
Name:
Grade/Section:
Date: _______________ Total Score: 0

Factoring the Sum and Difference of Two Cubes

Learning Competency: Factors completely different types of polynomials
(polynomials with common monomial factor, difference of two squares, sum
and difference of two cubes, perfect square trinomials, and general
trinomials). (M8AL-Ia-b-1)

Specific Objective: Factor the sum and difference of two cubes.

Concept:
Case 1: The polynomial expression a3 + b3 is called the Sum of Two

Cubes because two cubic terms are being added together. It

follows the formula:

a3 + b3 = (a + b) (a2 – ab + b2)

Case 2: The polynomial expression a3 – b3 is called the Difference of

Two Cubes because two cubic terms are being subtracted. It

follows the formula:

a3 – b3 = (a – b) (a2 + ab + b2)

where: a = √a while b = √b

Notice that the sign of the first factor (called binomial factor)

follows the sign of the given expression; while the first sign of

the second factor (called trinomial factor) is the opposite sign of

the given expression. The last sign is always positive.

To help you remember the formula, let us use the mnemonic SOAP:

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 a3 ± b3 = (a [Same sign] b) (a2 [Opposite sign] ab [Always Positive sign] b2)

Illustrative Examples:

A. Factor x3 + 8.

Solution:

Formula for the Sum of Two Cubes: a3 + b3 = (a + b) (a2 – ab

+ b2)

x3 + 8 √x = x ; √8 = 2

x3 + 8 = ( x + 2 ) ( [x]2 – [x][2] + [2]2 )

x3 + 8 = ( x + 2 ) ( x2 – 2x + 4 )

B. Factor 125x3 + 216y3.

Solution:

125x3 + 216y3 √125x = 5x ; 216y = 6y

125x3 + 216y3 = (5x + 6y) ( [5x]2 – [5x][6y] + [6y]2 )

125x3 + 216y3 = (5x + 6y) (25x2 – 30xy + 36y2)

C. Factor 8p3 – 27.

Solution:

Formula for the Difference of Two Cubes: a3 – b3 = (a – b) (a2

+ ab + b2)

8p3 – 27 8p = 2p ; √27 = 3

8p3 – 27 = ( 2p – 3 ) ( [2p]2 + [2p][3] + [3]2 )

8p3 – 27 = ( 2p – 3 ) ( 4p2 + 6p + 9 )

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D. Factor 64h3 – k3.

Solution:

64h3 – k3 √64h = 4h ; √k = k

64h3 – k3 = (4h – k) ( [4h]2 + [4h][k] + [k]2 )

64h3 – k3 = (4h – k) (16h2 + 4hk + k2)

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Activity 1: Determine if the given expression is: i) Sum of Two Cubes; ii)
Difference of Two Cubes, or iii) neither.
_________________________ 1. m3 + 64
_________________________ 2. x3 – 16
_________________________ 3. 27r3 – 8
_________________________ 4. x3y3 + 1
_________________________ 5. 2x3 – y3

For Activity 2 and 3.

Copy and answer the activity in a sheet of paper, then take a photo and
upload it here.

Activity 2: Fill in the blanks.

1. w3 + 27 = (w + ______ ) (w2 – ______ + 9)
2. 8n3 – p3 = ( ______ – p) (4n2 + ______ + p2)
3. x3 + 125 = (x + 5) ( ______ – 5x + ______ )
4. 1 – 27y3 = ( ______ – ______ ) ( ______ + 3y + 9y2)
5. a3 + b3 = (a + b) (a2 – ______ + ______ )

Activity 3: Factor each expression.

1. 1 + 8p3 =
2. h3 – k3 =

Upload the photo of your answer here.

13
Reference:
Bernabe, J. G. (2009). High School Mathematics Revised Edition Elementary
Algebra. Quezon City, Philippines: SD Publications, Inc.
https://www.chilimath.com/lessons/intermediate-algebra/factoring-sum-
and-difference-of-two-cubes/
https://www.purplemath.com/modules/specfact2.htm

R - Jhon C. Alag Abshalom P. Legaspi

Myrell P. Dumigsi
Writer Layout Artist
Digos City National Goma National High School
High School

14
Name:
Grade/Section:
Date: _______________ Total Score: 0

Factoring Perfect Square Trinomials

Learning Competency: Factors completely different types of polynomials (polynomials
with common monomial factor, difference of two squares, sum and difference of two cubes,
perfect square trinomials, and general trinomials). (M8AL-Ia-b-1)

Specific Objective: Factor completely perfect square trinomials.

Concept:
Perfect Square Trinomial (PST) is a polynomial in the form of a2 + 2ab + b2
that can be factored into a square of a binomial, (a + b )2.
Characteristics of a Perfect Square Trinomial:
1. First term is a perfect square.
2. Last term is a perfect square and its sign is always positive (+).
3. Middle term is twice the product of the square roots of the first and
the last terms.
Recall the patterns for the special product:
Square of the sum of two terms: (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2
Square of the difference of two terms: (a – b)2 = a2 – 2ab + b2
If we reverse the patterns, we get the factors of Perfect Square Trinomials.

a2 + 2ab + b2 = (a + b)2 and a2 – 2ab + b2 = (a – b)2

To factor Perfect Square Trinomials, we follow the steps:
i) Check whether the expression is a perfect square trinomial. Follow
its characteristics.
ii) Factor the expression.
Step 1: Extract the square root of the first term.
Step 2: Extract the square root of the third/last term.
Step 3: Copy the sign of the middle term.

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 Step 4: Express the roots as a Square of a Binomial.

Illustrative Examples:
A. Factor x2 + 6x + 9.
Solution:
i) Check whether the expression is a Perfect Square Trinomial.
• Characteristic #1: First term is a perfect square.
x2 + 6x + 9
• Characteristic #2: Last term is a perfect square with positive
sign.
x2 + 6x + 9
• Characteristic #3: Middle term is twice the product of the roots
of the first and the last terms. x2 + 6x + 9

√𝑥 + 6 √9

X 3
2(x)(3) = 6x
Therefore, x2 + 6x + 9 is a perfect square trinomial.

ii) Factor the expression. √𝑥 + 6x + √9

• Step 1: Extract the square root of the first term. x

• Step 2: Extract the square root of the last term. 3
• Step 3: Copy the sign of the middle term. +
• Step 4: Express the roots as a Square of a Binomial. (x + 3)2
Therefore, x2 + 6x + 9 = (x + 3)2

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B. Factor y2 – 8y + 16.
Solution:
i) Check whether the expression is a Perfect Square Trinomial.
• Characteristic #1: First term is a perfect square. y2 – 8y + 16
• Characteristic #2: Last term is a perfect square with positive sign.
y2 – 8y + 16
• Characteristic #3: Middle term is twice the product of the roots of
the first and the last terms. y2 – 8y + 16

𝑦 + 6 √16

y 4
2(y)(4) = 8y
Therefore, y2 – 8y + 16 is a perfect square trinomial.

ii) Factor the expression. 𝑦 – 8y + √16

• Step 1: Extract the square root of the first term. y
• Step 2: Extract the square root of the last term. 4
• Step 3: Copy the sign of the middle term. –
• Step 4: Express the roots as a Square of a Binomial. (y – 4)2

Therefore, y2 – 8y + 16 = (y – 4)2

C. Factor 4z2 + 20z + 25.

Solution:
i) 4z2 + 20z + 25 has the characteristics of a perfect square
trinomial.
ii) √4𝑧 + 20z + √25

Therefore, 4z2 + 20z + 25 = (2z + 5)2.

2z
+ 5

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 D. Factor 81x2 – 36xy + y2.
Solution:
i) 81x2 – 36xy + y2 has the characteristics of a perfect square
trinomial.
ii) √81𝑥 – 36xy + 𝑦

9x
Therefore, 81x2 – 36xy + y2 = (9x – y)2.
– y

Activity 1: From the pool of expressions below, write the perfect square trinomials in the box
labelled PST. Otherwise, write them in the box labelled Not PST.
Copy and answer the activity in a sheet of paper, then take a photo and upload it here.

m2 + 16m + 64 x2 – 2x + 1 r2 – 8r + 9

25x2 + 10x + 7 49y2 + 28y + 4 n2 – 20n – 100

PST Not PST

Upload the photo of your answer here.

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Activity 2: Find the middle term of the following perfect square trinomials.
Write your answers on the blanks.

1. 100n2 + __________ + 9

2. x2 – ___________ + 25y2

3. 9z2 + ___________ + 16

4. 4p2 – ____________ + 1

5. 16x2 + ___________ + 81

Activity 3: Factor each expression. Write your answers in the box.

1. b2 + 14b + 49 =

2. h2 – 16h + 64 =

3. 16x2 + 80x + 100 =

4. 9w2 – 12w + 4 =

5. 36y2 + 60y + 25 =

Reference:
Bernabe, J. G. (2009). High School Mathematics Revised Edition Elementary
Algebra. Quezon City, Philippines: SD Publications, Inc.

R - Jhon C. Alag Abshalom P. Legaspi

Writer Layout Artist
Digos City National Goma National High
High School School

19
Name:
Grade/Section:
Date: _______________ Total Score: 0

Factoring Quadratic Trinomials in the form

ax2 + bx + c where a = 1
Learning Competency: Factors completely different types of polynomials
(polynomials with common monomial factor, difference of two squares, sum
and difference of two cubes, perfect square trinomials, and general
trinomials). (M8AL-Ia-b-1)

Specific Objective: Factor completely quadratic trinomials in the form ax2

+ bx + c, where a = 1.

Concept:

Quadratic Trinomial is an algebraic expression of the form ax2 + bx +

c, where a, b, and c are constants and a ≠ 0. Some examples of quadratic
trinomials are:
x2 – 5x + 6 x2 + 20x + 100 3x2 + 8x + 6 2x2 – x – 1

Two types of quadratic trinomials:

• ax2 + bx + c , wherein the value of a = 1.

Examples: x2 – 5x + 6 and x2 + 20x + 100

Notice that the coefficient of x2 is equal to 1.

• ax2 + bx + c , wherein the value of a ≠ 1.

Examples: 3x2 + 8x + 6 and 2x2 – 3x – 1

Notice that the coefficient of x2 is not equal to 1.

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To factor quadratic trinomial where a = 1, we follow these steps.

i) Check the value of a if it is 1. (a is the numerical coefficient of x2.)

ii) List all the possible factors of c. (c is the last term or the constant.)

iii) Select the factors whose sum is equal to b. (b is the coefficient of the

middle term.)

iv) Pair each factor to the variable of the first term and express them as

the product of two binomials.

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 Illustrative Examples:

A. Factor x2 + 8x + 12.

i.) Check the value of a if it is 1. x2 + 8x + 12; a=1

ii.) List all the possible factors of c. x2 + 8x + 12 c = 12

Factors of 12 are: (+1) and (+12) (+2) and (+6) (+3) and (+4)

(-1) and (-12) (-2) and (-6) (-3) and (-4)

iii.) Select the factors whose sum is equal to b. x2 + 8x + 12 b= 8

(+2) and (+6) 2 + 6 = 8

iv.) Pair each factor to the variable of the first term and express them as
product of two binomials.
(x + 2) (x + 6) Therefore, x2 + 8x + 12 = (x + 2) (x + 6)

B. Factor y2 – 5y + 6.

i.) a=1

ii.) c=6 Factors of 6 are: (1) and (6), (2) and (3),

(-1) and (-6), (-2) and (-3)

iii.) b = -5 Select (-2) and (-3): (-2) + (-3) = - 5

iv.) (y – 2) (y – 3)
Therefore, y2 – 5y + 6 = (y – 2) (y – 3)

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C. Factor m2 + 2m - 15.

i.) a=1

ii.) c = -15 Factors of -15 are: (1) and (-15) (3) and (-5)

(-1) and (15) (-3) and (5)

iii.) b=2 Select (-3) and (5): (-3) + 5 = 2

iv.) (m – 3) (m + 5)
Therefore, m2 + 2m – 15 = (m – 3) (m + 5)

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Activity 1: Find the other factor of each expression below, inside the box and write it on the

space provided beside the given factor.

x+3 x–1 x+5

x–7 x+4 x–8

1. x2 + 12x + 32 = ( x + 8 ) ( )

2. x2 – 10x + 16 = ( x – 2 ) ( )

3. x2 + 3x – 4 = (x+4)( )

4. x2 – 2x – 35 = (x–7)( )

5. x2 + 9x + 18 = ( x + 6) ( )

6. x2 – 11x + 28 = ( x – 4 ) ( )

Activity 2: Factor the following expressions. Write your answers in the box.

1. x2 + 9x + 14 =

2. y2 – 7y + 10 =

3. m2 + m – 20 =

4. z2 - 3z – 18 =

5. a2 – 15a + 36 =

Reference:
Bernabe, J. G. (2009). High School Mathematics Revised Edition Elementary
Algebra. Quezon City, Philippines: SD Publications, Inc.

Notes: a) This is exclusively for the use of Digos City Division.

b) The division welcomes suggestions for the improvement of
this worksheet. Kindly email to
jemboy.cabrella@deped.gov.ph

R-JHON C. ALAG ABSHALOM P. LEGASPI

Writer Layout Artist
Digos City NHS Goma National High School

24
Name:
Grade/Section:
Date: _______________ Total Score: 0

Factoring Quadratic Trinomials in the form

ax2 + bx + c where a ≠ 1
Learning Competency: Factors completely different types of polynomials
(polynomials with common monomial factor, difference of two squares, sum
and difference of two cubes, perfect square trinomials, and general
trinomials).
(M8AL-Ia-b-1)
Specific Objective: Factor completely quadratic trinomials in the form ax2
+ bx + c, where a ≠ 1.

Concept:
Remember that the second type of quadratic trinomial of the
form ax2 + bx + c, is when a ≠ 1. Examples are: 3x2 + 8x + 6
and 2x2 – 3x – 1. Notice that the coefficient of x2 is not equal to 1.
To factor quadratic trinomials in this form, we follow the steps.
1. Check the value of a if it is not equal to 1.
2. Multiply the first term and last term.
3. List down the possible factors of the product obtained from
Step 2.
4. Select the factors that will give the sum as b. (b is the
coefficient of the middle term of the given expression.
5. Rewrite the given expression by replacing the middle term with
the factors in Step 3.
6. Group the new expression as the sum of two binomials.
7. Factor out the Common Monomial Factor (CMF) of each
binomial.
8. Factor out the Common Binomial Factor obtained from Step

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Illustrative Examples:
A. Factor 4x2 + 11x + 6.
Step 1. a≠1 a=4

Step 2. Multiply the first term and last term.

4x2 + 11x + 6: (4x2 )(6) = 24x2.

Step 3. List down the possible factors of 24x2:

(x) and (24x) (2x) and (12x) (3x) and (8x) (4x) and (6x)
(-x) and (-24x) (-2x) and (-12x) (-3x) and (-8x) (-4x) and (-6x)

Step 4. Select the factors that will give the sum as b.

4x2 + 11x + 6 (3x) and (8x): 3x + 8x = 11x

Step 5. Rewrite the given expression by replacing the middle term with
the factors in step 3.
4x2 + 11x + 6 4x2 + 3x + 8x + 6

Step 6. Group the new expression as the sum of two binomials.

(4x2 + 3x) + (8x + 6)

Step 7. Factor out the Common Monomial Factor of each binomial.

(4x2 + 3x) + (8x + 6)
x(4x + 3) + 2(4x + 3)

Step 8. Express the factors with the common binomial obtained.

x(4x + 3) + 2(4x + 3)
(4x + 3) (x + 2)

Therefore, 4x2 + 11x + 6 = (4x + 3) (x + 2)

26
B. Factor 2x2 – 5x + 3.
Steps: Solution:

Step 1. a≠1 a=2

Step 2. 2x2 – 5x + 3: (2x2 )(3) = 6x2

Step 3. Factors of 6x2 : (x) and (6x) (2x) and (3x)

(-x) and (-6x) (-2x) and (-3x)

Step 4. 2x2 – 5x + 3 (-2x) and (-3x): (-2x) + (-3x) = -5x

Step 5. Rewrite: 2x2 – 2x – 3x + 3

Step 6. Group: (2x2 – 2x) + ( – 3x + 3)

Step 7. CMF: 2x(x – 1) – 3(x – 1)

Step 8. Common Binomial Factor: 2x(x - 1) – 3(x – 1)

(x – 1) (2x – 3)

Therefore, 2x2 – 5x + 3 = (x – 1) (2x – 3)

27
C. Factor 3x2 – 4x – 4.
Solution:
a≠1
(3x2 ) (– 4) = –12x2
-12x2 : (x)(-12x) (2x)(-6x) (3x)(-4x)
(-x)(12x) (-2x)(6x) (-3x)(4x)
2x + (-6x) = -4x (middle term)
3x2 – 4x – 4 = 3x2 + 2x – 6x – 4
= (3x2 + 2x) + ( – 6x – 4)
= x(3x + 2) – 2(3x + 2)

3x2 – 4x – 4 = (3x + 2) (x – 2)

Activity 1: Fill in the blanks.

1. 2x2 + 8x + 6 = 2x2 + 2x + _____ + 6

= (2x2 + _____) + (_____ + 6)

= _____ (x + 1) + 6 (x + _____)

= (x + _____) (_____ + 6)

2. 3x2 – 7x + 4 = 3x2 – 3x - ______ + 4

= (3x2 – ______) + ( ______ + 4)

= 3x ( x - ______ ) – 4 (______ - 1)

= (x – ______) (3x - ______)

3. 5x2 + 14x – 3 = 5x2 + _____ - x - 3

= (5x2 + ______) + (_______ - 3)

= 5x(______ + 3) - ______ (x + 3)

= ( x + ______ ) (5x - ______)

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Activity 2: Matching Type. Match the factors of each given expression by

connecting the dots beside the factors.

Column A Column B

1. 2x2 + 3x + 1 = (2x + 1) ● ● (5x – 1)

2. 2x2 – 15x + 7 = (x – 7) ● ● (x – 1)

3. 5x2 + 9x – 2 = (x + 2) ● ● (2x + 1)

4. 3x2 – 2x – 5 = (3x + 5) ● ● (2x – 1)

5. 4x2 + 12x + 5 = (2x + 5) ● ● (x + 1)

Activity 3: Factor the following expressions. Write your answer in the box.

1. 2y2 + 9y + 9 =

2. 2m2 – 7m + 6 =

Reference:
Bernabe, J. G. (2009). High School Mathematics Revised Edition Elementary
Algebra. Quezon City, Philippines: SD Publications, Inc.

R - Jhon C. Alag Abshalom P. Legaspi

Writer Layout Artist
Digos City National Goma National High School
High School

29
Name:
Grade/Section:
Date: _______________ Total Score:

Problems involving Factors of Polynomials.

Learning Competency: Solves problems involving factors of
polynomials. (M8AL-Ib-2)

Concept:
Word problems are important in learning mathematics. These will help
develop one’s reasoning and thinking power which are very useful in daily
living.
Some problems involving factors of polynomials occur in dealing with
basic understanding on verbal phrases or sentences which are to be
translated into mathematical sentences or algebraic expressions and
equations.
Here are suggested tips in solving word problems:
a. Variable/s to be Used: Assign a variable/s to represent the
unknown in the problem.
b. Given Facts: List down mathematical phrases/sentences given
in the problem.
c. Required: Identify what is being asked in the problem.
d. Equation: Construct an equation that will be used to solve the
problem.
e. Solution: Solve or simplify the equation to get what is required
in the problem.
f. Final Answer: Give the final answer.

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Illustrative Examples:
A. The product of two consecutive numbers is 30. Find the numbers.
Solution:
a. Variables to be used.
Let : x = the first number
x+1 = the second number
b. Given facts.
• Two consecutive numbers
• Product is 30.
c. Required:
• Find the numbers.
d. Equation:
x(x + 1) = 30 Since the product is given, apply
multiplication of two unknown numbers .

e. Solution:
x2 + x = 30 Distributive Property of Equality (x) to (x + 1)
x2 + x – 30 = 0 Subtraction Property of Equality
(x + 6) (x – 5) = 0 Factors of Quadratic Trinomial

Equate the first factor to 0: Equate the second Factor to 0:

x+6=0 x–5=0
x=0–6 x=0+5
x = - 6 first number x=5 first number
To solve for the second number: To solve for the second
number:
x + 1 = -6 + 1 x+1= 5+1
x+1= -5 second number x + 1 = 6 second number

f. Final Answer:
The two consecutive numbers are 5 and 6 or -5 and -6.

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B. The length of a rectangle is 2 more than its width. Its area is 15 sq.cm.
Find the width of the rectangle.
Solution:
a. Variable to be Used:
• L = length
• W = width
• A = area of the rectangle
b. Given Facts:
• Length is 2 more than its width
• Area is 15 sq. cm.
c. Required:
• Width of the rectangle
d. Equation:
L=w+2
A=L•W Formula for the area of a rectangle.
e. Solution:
A =L•W Formula for the Area of a rectangle
15 = (w + 2) (w) Substitution Method
15 = w2 + 2w Distributive Property of Equality
0 = w2 + 2w – 15 Subtraction Property of Equality
w2 + 2w – 15 = 0 Symmetric Property of Equality
(w + 5)(w – 3) = 0 Factors of Quadratic Trinomial

Equate the first factor to 0: Equate the second factor to

0:
w+5=0 w–3=0
w=0–5 w=0+3
w=-5 w = 3 cm
Disregard the negative value since
there is no negative length or width.
f. Final Answer:

The width of the rectangle is 3 cm.

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Activity 1: Matching Type. Match column A to column B. Draw a line to
connect the box of the given mathematical phrase/sentence to its
corresponding mathematical expression/ equation.

Column A Column B
1. the product of two numbers h = 34 cm
2. two consecutive numbers W=L–5
3. 3 more than a number (x)(y)
4. a number (x)(x+1) = 12
5. square of a number x2
6. 4 less than the square of a
A = 26 sq. m.
number
7. Width is 5 less than its
x
length.
8. Height is 34 cm. x+3

9. Area is 26 sq. m. x and (x + 1)

10.ciThe product of
two consecutive numbers is x2 – 4
12.

Activity 2: Solve the following problems. Follow the format:

a. Variable/s to be Used
b. Given Facts
c. Required
d. Equation
e. Solution

1. The product of two consecutive numbers is 56. Find the numbers.

2. The area of a rectangle is 40 sq.cm. Find its length when it is 3 more
than its width.

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 Upload the photo of your answer here.

Reference:
Bernabe, J. G. (2009). High School Mathematics Revised Edition Elementary
Algebra. Quezon City, Philippines: SD Publications, Inc.

R - Jhon C. Alag Abshalom P. Legaspi

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Digos City National Goma National High School
High School

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