QUANTILES

A score distribution where the scores are divided into

different equal parts.

Gabuyo, Yonardo A. (2012). Assessment of Learning 1 (Textbook and Reviewer). Quezon City: Rex Book Store, Inc.
Types of Quantiles (or Fractiles)

Four (4) equal parts (25% per part)

Quartiles
k=1, 2, 3
Ten (10) equal parts (10% per part)
Deciles
k=1, 2, 3, ...9
Hundred (100) equal parts (1% per
Percentiles
part), k=1, 2, 3, 4, ...97, 98, 99
Types of Quantiles (or Fractiles)
𝑛𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒
𝑘 𝑘
Quartiles 𝑄𝑘 = 𝑛 + 1 −
4 4

𝑛𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒
𝑘 𝑘
Deciles 𝐷𝑘 = 𝑛+ 1−
10 10

𝑛𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒
𝑘 𝑘
Percentiles 𝑃𝑘 = 𝑛+ 1−
100 100
Example
Given the following data: 6, 8, 10, 12, 12, 14, 15, 16, 20
Find Q1, Q3, D6, D9, P65, P99
Solution:
N=9
Q1
𝑛𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑛𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒
𝑘 𝑘 9 3
𝑄𝑘 = 𝑛 + 1 − 𝑄1 = +
4 4 4 4
𝑛𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑛𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒
1 1 12
𝑄1 = 9 + 1 − 𝑄1 =
4 4 4

9 4 1
𝑛𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑄1 = 3𝑟𝑑 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 , that is, 10
𝑄1 = + −
4 4 4
What about Q3?
Solution:
N=9
D6
𝑛𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑛𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒
𝑘 𝑘 54 4
𝐷𝑘 = 𝑛+ 1− 𝐷6 = +
10 10 10 10
𝑛𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑛𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒
6 6 58
𝐷6 = 9+ 1− 𝐷6 =
10 10 10

54 10 6
𝑛𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝐷6 = 5.8𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒
𝐷6 = + −
10 10 10
D6 lies within the sum of the 5th score and 80%
of the difference between the 6th and 5th scores.
Solution:
N=9
𝑡ℎ D lies within the sum of the 5 th score and 80%
D6 𝐷6 = 5.8 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 6
of the difference between the 6th and 5th scores.
𝐷6 = 5𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 + 0.80(6𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 − 5𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒)
D6 lies within ...of the difference
the sum of the between the 6th and
5th score and 5th scores
80%...

𝐷6 = 12 + 0.80(14 − 12)
Therefore, 60% of the scores in the
𝐷6 = 13.60 distribution are less than 13.60.