Kinetic molecular theory of gases and Molecular collisions

Single Correct Answer Type

1. Postulate of kinetic theory is
a) Atom is indivisible b) Gases combine in a simple ratio
There is no influence of gravity on the molecules
c) d) None of the above
of a gas
2. According to kinetic theory of gases,
a) There are intermolecular attractions b) Molecules have considerable volume
c) No intermolecular attractions d) The velocity of molecules decreases after each collision.
3. In deriving the kinetic gas equation, use is made of the root mean square velocity of the molecules because it is
a) The average velocity of the molecules b) The most probable velocity of the molecules
c) The square root of the average square velocity of d) The most accurate form in which velocity can be used
the molecules in these calculations
4. Kinetic energy of a gas depends upon its
a) Molecular mass b) Atomic mass
c) Equivalent mass d) None of these
5. The kinetic theory of gases perdicts that total kinetic energy of a gaseous assembly depends on
a) Pressure of the gas b) Temperature of the gas
c) Volume of the gas d) Pressure, volume and temperature of the gas
6. According to kinetic theory of gases, the energy per mole of a gas is equal to
a) 1.5 RT b) RT
c) 0.5 RT d) 2.5 RT
7. Internal energy and pressure of a gas per unit volume are related as
a) 2 b) 3
P= E P= E
3 2
c) 1 d) P=2 E
P= E
2
8. The translational kinetic energy of an ideal gas depends only on its
a) Pressure b) Force
c) Temperature d) Molar mass
9. Helium atom is two times heavier than a hydrogen molecule at 298 K, the average kinetic energy of helium is
a) Two times that of a hydrogen molecule b) Same as that of a hydrogen molecule
c) Four times that of a hydrogen molecule d) Half that of a hydrogen molecule
10. Which of the following is valid at absolute zero
a) Kinetic energy of the gas becomes zero but the b) Kinetic energy of the gas becomes zero and molecular
molecular motion does not become zero motion also becomes zero
c) Kinetic energy of the gas decreases but does not d) None of the above
become zero
11. The average K.E. of an ideal gas in calories per mole is approximately equal to
a) Three times the absolute temperature b) Absolute temperature
c) Two times the absolute temperature d) 1.5 times the absolute temperature
12. According to kinetic theory of gases, for a diatomic molecule
a) The pressure exerted by the gas is proportional to b) The pressure exerted by the gas is proportional to the
the mean velocity of the molecules root mean square velocity of the molecules
c) The root mean square velocity is inversely d) The mean translational kinetic energy of the molecules
proportional to the temperature is proportional to the absolute temperature
13. At STP, 0.50 mol H 2 gas and 1.0 mol He gas
a) Have equal average kinetic energies b) Have equal molecular speeds
c) Occupy equal volumes d) Have equal effusion rates
14. Which of the following expressions correctly represents the relationship between the average molar kinetic
energy, K . E . , of CO and N 2 molecules at the same temperature

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 a) KE CO =KE N 2
b) KE CO > KE N 2

Cannot be predicted unless the volumes of the gases

c) KE CO < KE N 2
d)
are given
15. Indicate the correct statement for a 1-L sample of N 2 ( g) and C O 2 (g) at 298 K and 1 atm pressure
a) The average translational KE per molecule is the b) The rms speed remains constant for both N 2 and C O 2
same in N 2 and C O 2
c) The density of N 2 is less than that of C O 2 d) The total translational KE of both N 2 and C O 2 is the
same
16. With increase of pressure, the mean free path
a) Decreases b) Increases
c) Does not change d) Becomes zero
17. Which one of the following statements is NOT true about the effect of an increase in temperature on the
distribution of molecular speeds in a gas
The fraction of the molecules with the most probable
a) The most probable speed increases b)
speed increases
The area under the distribution curve remains the same
c) The distribution becomes broader d)
as under the lower temperature
18. If P, V, M, T and R are pressure, volume, molar mass, temperature and gas constant respectively, then for an
ideal gas, the density is given by
a) RT b) P
PM RT
c) M d) PM
V RT
19. An ideal gas will have maximum density when
a) P=0.5 atm ,T =600 K b) P=2 atm , T =150 K
c) P=1 atm , T =300 K d) P=1.0 atm , T =500 K
20. If the inversion temperature of a gas is −8 0 o C , then it will produce cooling under Joule-Thomson effect at
a) 298 K b) 273 K
c) 193 K d) 173 K
21. Ratio of C p and C v of a gas 'X' is 1.4. The number of atoms of the gas 'X' present in 11.2 litres of it at N.T.P. is
a) 6.02 ×1 023 b) 1.2 ×1 024
c) 3.01 ×1 023 d) 2.01 ×1 023
22. The density of air is 0.00130 g/ml. The vapour density of air will be
a) 0.00065 b) 0.65
c) 14.4816 d) 14.56
23. At 10 0o C and 1 atm, if the density of liquid water is 1.0 g c m−3 and that of water vapour is 0.0006 g m−3, then
the volume occupied by water molecules in 1 litre of steam at that temperature is
a) 6 c m 3 b) 60 c m 3
c) 0.6 c m 3 d) 0.06 c m 3
24. The ratio  for inert gases is
a) 1.33 b) 1.66
c) 2.13 d) 1.99
25. The density of neon will be highest at
a) S.T.P. b) 0 o C ,2 atm
c) 27 3o C , 1 atm d) 27 3o C , 2 atm
26. Absolute zero is defined as the temperature
a) At which all molecular motion ceases b) At which liquid helium boils
c) At which ether boils d) All of the above
27. Consider the following statements :
(1) Joule-Thomson experiment is isoenthalpic as well as adiabatic.
(2) A negative value of μJT (Joule Thomson coefficient corresponds to warming of a gas on expansion.

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 (3) The temperature at which neither cooling nor heating effect is observed is known as inversion
temperature.
Which of the above statements are correct
a) 1 and 2 b) 1 and 3
c) 2 and 3 d) 1, 2 and 3
28. Vibrational energy is
a) Partially potential and partially kinetic b) Only potential
c) Only kinetic d) None of the above
29. At the same temperature and pressure, which of the following gases will have the highest kinetic energy per
mole
a) Hydrogen b) Oxygen
c) Methane d) All the same
30. Dimensions of pressure are the same as that of
a) Energy b) Force
c) Energy per unit volume d) Force per unit volume
31. The density of a gas An is three times that of a gas B. if the molecular mass of A is M, the molecular mass of B is
a) 3 M b) √ 3M
c) M /3 d) M / √ 3

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 Kinetic molecular theory of gases and Molecular collisions

: ANSWER KEY :
1) d 2) c 3) d 4) d
5) b 6) a 7) a 8) c
9) b 10) b 11) a 12) d
13) a 14) a 15) a,c,d 16) a
17) b 18) d 19) b 20) d
21) a 22) d 23) c 24) b
25) b 26) a 27) d 28) a
29) d 30) c 31) c

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 Kinetic molecular theory of gases and Molecular collisions

: HINTS AND SOLUTIONS :

1 (d) all molecules, what ever their molecular
2 (c) weights will be, it doesn't matter.
3 (d) 15 (a,c,d)
4 (d)
Kinetic energies per molecule will be same because
3
Kinetic energy ¿ RT it is proportional to absolute temperature
2
only.
5 (b)
dN MN 28
3 2
= = i.e. d N 2 <dC O 2
2

K.E = RT it means that K.E depends upon T d C O M C O 44

2 2 2

(absolute temperature) only. Total translational kinetic energy will also be same
because at same temperature & pressure number of
6 (a) molecules present in same volume would be same
7 (a) (according to Avogadro's Law)
3 3 16 (a)
KE ¿ RT = PV
2 2 On increasing pressure, the volume decreases and
2E 2 density increases. So molecules get closer
∴ P= for unit volume (V = 1)  P= E
3V 3 to each other hence mean free path also
8 (c) decreases.
3 RT 17 (b)
Tr. K . E .= it means that the Translational
2 Most probable velocity increase and fraction of
Kinetic energy of Ideal gas depends upon molecule possessing most probable velocity
temperature only. decrease.
9 (b) 18 (d)
EHe T m
EH 2
√
= He so energies will be same for
TH 2

He∧H 2at same temperature.

PV =nRT =

∴
m PM
= =¿ density
M
RT

V RT
10 19 (b)
11 (a)
P P
3 3 d ∝ the value of is maximum for (b)
K . E .= . RT = .2 .T T T
2 2
20 (d)
∵ R ≈ 2 cal K−1 mol −1 If inversion temperature is 8 0 o C=19 3o K then the
K . E .=3 T temperature, at which it will produce cooling under
12 (d)
Joule Thomson’s effect, would be below inversion
All molecules of an ideal gas show random motion.
temperature except 17 3o K all other values given as
They collide with each other and walls of container
21 (a)
during which they lose or gain energy so they may
CP
not have same kinetic energy always. Since =1.4 , the gas should be diatomic.
13 (a) CV
For same temperature kinetic energies of H 2∧He 1
If volume is 11.2 lt then, no. of moles =
molecules will be same because kinetic 2
energy depends only on temperature. 1
 no. of molecules =  Avagadro’s No.
2
14 (a) no. of atoms = 2  no. of molecules
For same temp. kinetic energies would be equal for

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 1 = mass of steam/density of water
2   Avagadro’s No.
2
= 0.6 gm/1 gm/cm3 ⇒ 0.6 c m 3
¿ 6.0223 ×1 023
24 (b)
22 (d)
CP 5
M r= = =1.66 (For Monoatomic as He , Ne , Ar
Density = CV 3
V )
v . d ×2 25 (b)
d= ( M =V . d × 2 )
V The density of neon will be highest at 0 o C 2 atm
d×V P
V . d= according to d ∝
2 T
26 (a)
0.00130× 22400 27 (d)
V . d= =14.56 g m−1
2 28 (a)
29 (d)
23 (c)
3
Volume of steam = 1lt = 1 03 c m 3 K . E . per mole ¿ RT
2
∵ m=d .V so all will have same K . E . at same temperature.

mass of 1 03 c m 3steam = density  Volume 30 (c)

0.0006 gm ∵ W =P . dV =E
= 3
× 10 3 c m 3 ¿ 0.6 gm
cm
∴Energy per unit volume = P
Actual volume occupied by H 2 O molecules is equal
31 (c)
to volume of water of same mass d1 M 1 3 d M M
d ∝M  = ; = ; M 2= .
∴ Actual volume of H 2 O molecules in 6 gm steam d2 M 2 d M 2 3

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