Molecular speeds

Single Correct Answer Type

1. The ratio of root mean square velocity to average velocity of gas molecules at a particular temperature is
a) 1.086 : 1 b) 1 : 1.086
c) 2 : 1.086 d) 1.086 : 2
2. Which is not true in case of an ideal gas
a) It cannot be converted into a liquid b) There is no interaction between the molecules
At a given temperature, PV is proportional to the
c) All molecules of the gas move with same speed d)
amount of the gas
3. The ratio among most probable velocity, mean velocity and root mean square velocity is given by
a) 1 : 2 : 3 b) 1 : √ 2 : √ 3
c) √ 2: √3 : √ 8/ π d) √ 2: √8 /π : √ 3
4. Which of the following has maximum root mean square velocity at the same temperature
a) S O 2 b) C O 2
c) O 2 d) H 2
5. The temperature at which RMS velocity of S O 2 molecules is half that of He molecules at 300 K is
a) 150 K b) 600 K
c) 900 K d) 1200 K
o
6. At 2 7 C , the ratio of rms velocities of ozone to oxygen is
a) √ 3/5 b) √ 4 /3
c) √ 2/3 d) 0.25
7. The average kinetic energy of an ideal gas per molecule in SI units at 2 5o C will be
a) 6.17 ×1 0−21 kJ b) 6.17 ×1 0−21 J
−20
c) 6.17 ×1 0 J d) 6.17 ×1 0−20 J
8. At what temperature the RMS velocity of S O 2 be same as that of O 2 at 303 K
a) 273 K b) 606 K
c) 303 K d) 403 K
9. Among the following gases which one has the lowest root mean square velocity at 2 5o C
a) S O 2 b) N 2
c) O 2 d) C l 2
10. The root mean square velocity of an ideal gas in a closed container of fixed volume is increased from
5 ×1 04 cm s−1 to 10 ×1 04 cm s−1. Which of the following statement correctly explains how the change is
accomplished
a) By heating the gas, the temperature is doubled b) By heating the gas, the pressure is quadrupled (i.e.
made four times)
c) By heating the gas, the temperature is d) By heating the gas, the pressure is doubled
quadrupled
11. The rms velocity at NTP of the species can be calculated from the expression
a) 3 P 3 PV
√ d
3 RT
b)
√ M
d) All the above
c)
√ M
12. Root mean square velocity of a gas molecule is proportional to
a) m 1/ 2 b) m 0
c) m−1 /2 d) m
13. At constant volume, for a fixed number of moles of a gas, the pressure of the gas increases with increase in
temperature due to
a) Increase in the average molecular speed b) Increased rate of collision amongst molecules
c) Increase in molecular attraction d) Decrease in mean free path

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14. Molecular velocities of the two gases at the same temperature are u1 and u2. Their masses are m 1 and m 2
respectively. Which of the following expressions is correct
m1 m2
a) 2
= b) m 1 u 1=m 2 u2
u 1u22
m1 m2 2 2
c) = d) m 1 u 1=m 2 u2
u 1 u2
15. The temperature of the gas is raised from 2 7o C to 92 7o C , the root mean square velocity is
a) √ 927 /27 times the earlier value b) Same as before
c) Halved d) Doubled
16. The ratio between the root mean square velocity of H2 at 50 K and that of O 2 at 800 K is
a) 4 b) 2
c) 1 d) 1/4
17. The root mean square velocity of an ideal gas at constant pressure varies density (d) as
a) d 2 b) d
c) √ d d) 1/ √ d
18. Consider a mixture of S O 2 and O 2 kept at room temperature. Compared to the oxygen molecule, the S O 2
molecule will hit the wall with
a) Smaller average speed b) Greater average speed
c) Greater kinetic energy d) Greater mass
19. The rms speed of N 2 molecules in a gas is u. If the temperature is doubled and the nitrogen molecules
dissociate into nitrogen atoms, the rms speed becomes
a) u/2 b) 2u
c) 4u d) 14u
20. Choose the correct arrangement, where the symbols have their usual meanings
a) ū>u p >u rms b) urms > ū>u p
c) u p > ū>u rms d) u p >u rms > ū
21. The ratio of most probable velocity to that of average velocity is
a) π /2 b) 2/ π
c) √ π /2 d) 2/ √ π
22. The r.m.s. velocity of a certain gas is v at 300 K . The temperature, at which the r.m.s. velocity becomes double
a) 1200 K b) 900 K
c) 600 K d) 150 K
23. The r.m.s. velocity of a gas depends upon
a) Temperature only b) Molecular mass only
c) Temperature and molecular mass of gas d) None of these
24. What is the pressure of 2 mole of N H 3 at 2 7o C when its volume is 5 litre in vander Waal’s equation (a = 4.17,
b = 0.03711)
a) 10.33 atm b) 9.33 atm
c) 9.74 atm d) 9.2 atm
25. The root mean square velocity of one mole of a monoatomic having molar mass M is U rms . The relation
between the average kinetic energy (E) of the U rms is
a) 3E b) 2E

c)
U rms =
2M
2E
√ d)
U rms =
3M
E
√
U rms =
M √
26. Ratio of average to most probable velocity is
U rms =
3M √
a) 1.128 b) 1.224
c) 1.0 d) 1.112
27. If the v rms is 30 R1 /2 at 2 7o C then calculate the molar mass of gas in kilogram.
a) 1 b) 2
c) 4 d) 0.001

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 Molecular speeds

: ANSWER KEY :
1) a 2) c 3) d 4) d
5) d 6) c 7) b 8) b
9) d 10) b 11) d 12) c
13) a 14) d 15) d 16) c
17) d 18) d 19) b 20) b
21) c 22) a 23) c 24) b
25) c 26) a 27) d

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 Molecular speeds

: HINTS AND SOLUTIONS :

1 (a) 12 (c)
8 RT V rms 3 KT 1
V rms =
√ 3 RT
M
, V av = ;
πM V av
=
3π
8 √ √ V rms =
13 (a)
√ Molecularweight
i.e. V rms ∝
√m
∝¿

66 1.086

2
¿
(c)
√ 56
⇒
1
When average speed of molecule is increased due to
increase in temperature then the change
in momentum during collision between
3 (d)
wall of container and molecules of gas also
most probable velocity : mean velocity : V rms
increases.
2 RT 8 RT 3 RT 8
¿
√ √ √M
:
πM
:
M
¿ √ 2:
π
:√3
√ 14 (d)
U1 m T
4 (d)
3 RT 1
U2 m1 T 2√
= 2 . 1 ∵ T 1=T 2

√
V rms =
M
∴V rms ∝
√M
at same T U 12
U2 2
=
m2
m1
∴ m1 U 12=m2 U 22
because H 2 has least molecular weight so its r.m.s.
15 (d)
velocity should be maximum.
T2 1200
5 (d)
USO M He T S O 4 T SO
U 2=U 1
√ T1
=U 1
300 √
=U 1 × 2
1
= =
U He 2
2

M S O T He
= .
64 300 √ 2
2

√ 2
r.m.s. velocity will be doubled.
16 (c)
4 T S O 1 ; T =120 0 o K UH TH MO
√ 50 32
2

6
¿
(c)
64 300 4
= SO 2

UO
17 (d)
2

2
=
MH
2

2
.
TH
2

2
=
√ .
2 800
=1

UO MO

7
UO
(b)
=
MO
3
=
2
32
48
=
2
3 √ √ √ 2

18
U=
√ 3 RT
M
=
3 PV
M
=
3P
d √
∴U ∝
1
√d √
Average kinetic energy per molecule 19 (b)
3 3 U1 n T n×T 1 1
8
¿
(b)
2
KT = ×1.38 ×1 0−23 ×300 J =6.17 ×1 0−21 J
2 U2
= 1 1=
√ √
n2 T 2
U 2=2U 1=2U
2n × 2T
= =
4 2 √
U SO MO T S O 32× T S O
UO 2
2
=
√ M SO
2

2
TO
2

2
=
64 × 303 √=1 2 20 (b)
21 (c)
32 × T S O  T =606 2 RT

9
1=
64 303
SO
2
2 V mp
V av
=
M
8 RT
=
√
√π
2
(d)
Among these C l 2 has the highest molecular weight πM √
so it will posses lowest root mean square 22 (a)
3 RT
10 (b)
velocity.

2
V rms =
M
 V rms =√ T

Given V 1=V , T 1=300 K , V 2=2 V , T 2=?

√
U T T 5 ×1 04 1
U2
11 (d)
1
=
√ T2
1
∴
T2
1
(
=
10 ×1 04 ) =
4 V1
V2
=
T 1 V 2 300
;
√
T 2 2V
=
T2 ( )
T 2=300 ×4=1200 K

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23 (c) 8 RT 2 RT 8
24 (b)
2
n a
√ √
πM
:
M

π √
: √ 2  1.128 : 1.

( P−
V2 )
( V −nb ) =nRT 27 (d)

¿ 3 RT
P=
2 ×.0821× 300 4.7 ×2
5−2 ×.03711
−
52
2
⇒ 10−0.66=9.33 atm
v rms=
√ M

3 RT 3 R ×300
25 (c)
26 (a)
√ 3 02 R= √ M
 30 ×30 R=
M

Average speed : most probable speed 3 ×300

 M= 1 gm=0.001 kg.
30 ×30

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