Speculation

I Choose the best answer 17 Tom is sitting at his desk. He’s reading his chemistry text
1 Doy .......the video we rented on his way to work. because
It he had a test tomorrow. He…. ....
was on the table and now, it’s gone A could study B must have studied
A must have returned B must not have returned
C should be studying D must be studying
C must return D can’t have returned
18 He is trying to convince me that I----------him. But he doesn’t
2 Mike decided not to join us for lunch. He........attake
workinto
to consideration that I was in trouble myself
finish the marketing report A should have been staying B A could have helped B could help
had to stay C was able to help D had been able to help
C should have stayed D Should be 19 Whenever my parents went out in the evening,
staying I.........the job of taking care of my younger brother
3 Margaret agreed to meet us at the entrance to the theater. A would get B should get
She ought to------- A be waiting B wait C have waited C must have gotten D had better get
4 We live far from the station, so she --------a taxi because 20Jimmy and Maria were naughty children .
she got here 10 minutes after the arrival of the train They ....tricks on their teacher which always got
A must have taken B had to take them into a lot of trouble
C would certainly take D had to have taken A could play B could have played
5 You.......be rich to be a success. Some of the most C used to play D may have played
successful people I know haven’t got any penny to their 21 I regret not taking part because this year’s
name competitors were surprisingly weak. I----------the
A can’t B don’t have to C shouldn’t first winner from our university
6 You --------any thing to me. If you want to spend virtually A could become B might have
your entire wages on lottery tickets, then that’s up to you become
A couldn’t have explained B weren’t supposed to explain C would easily become D was able to
C don’t have to explain D shouldn’t have explained become
7 In California, you….......have a driving license to drive 22 Did you enjoy the picnic? It was OK but I’d
A has to B must C don’t have to D mustn’t rather …
8 Do you supposed Carol is sick ? to a movie A go B be going C have gone D
He.....Nothing else would have kept him from coming to the went
meeting 23 Luckily, Roger’s departure was delayed by one
A must be B may be C may have been D could be day so we -------one more evening together
9 Where is the chicken we had left over from dinner, last A could have spent B could spend
night? I just saw it when I got some ice cubes. It….....in the C were able to spend D may have spent
freezer 24.Larry drove all night to get here for his sister’s
A must be B might be C is wedding. He…….....exhausted by the time he
10 Look at these photos. They-----------in Britain or arrived A ought to be B
Colombia. Certainly not in Cuba must have been
A could be taken B may have been taken C could be D will have been
C might possibly taken D might possibly have taken 25. A : What are you doing here, now ?
11 She’s just told me that she can’t go to the meeting You…….....be here for another three hours B : I
,tonight know. We got an early start and it took less time
She......go. We need her there for financial report than we expected. I hope you don’t mind A
A has got to B has gotten to C have to D must be couldn’t B might not
12 Tom Grey, who doesn’t know Swedish, --------this fax . C had better not D aren’t supposed
We can’t put the blame on him to
A wouldn’t be able to send B can’t have sent 26. We......have been married for 23 years on our
C hadn’t been able to send D couldn’t send next anniversary A must B should C will
13 Harry’s new Jacket seems not to fit him well D could
He ……....on it before he bought it A must have tried 28.Initially, I was opposed to the idea but after I had
B should have tried C was able to try D may have tried seen the research, I-----------that the project was a
14 Do you like to play tennis? Yes, when I worked at the good one
embassy, I ......meet a friend at 5 every afternoon for a A must have agreed B would have agreed
game ( would/ should/ had better/ would C ought to agree D had to agree
rather) 29. I didn't have much time, but I -----visit a lot of places
16 A : What’s happened to Mr Roger? of interest in London
B He’s in hospital. They---------keep him in over night, and A can B must C was able D had to
if they do, he--------travel back to Germany tomorrow 32. When it turned out that Alice -------to hospital
A may, won’t be able to B would, ought not to before July,
C shall, doesn’t have to D can , couldn’t
 I phoned the agency to cancel the bookings. I spend much more time. A. will
didn’t want to risk losing the money in case be able to/ have to B. have to/ can
she did C. can/ may D. will be able to/
A needed have gone B might have to go can
C could have gone D needed to have 36 I've lost the key. I ought --------it in a safe
gone place.
33. In fact , the criminals ……..in because A. that I put B. to be putting C. to have put _______
the front door was wide open and so they
D. to put
just walked in
37 The residents-----that there is a crocodile at large
A needn’t have broken B didn’t need
in the area. a. must be warned b. must
break have warned   
C didn’t need to break D needn’t to c. may warned             d. may be
have broken warning
35 When the new road is built , I --------drive
to work in under half an hour. Now 1-----
II Sentence rewriting:
1 I’m sure somebody forgot to lock the door / Somebody.must have fogot to lock the door.........
2 Jerry didn’t steal the jewels. He didn’t know where the key to the safe was/ Jerry.could not steal the jewels..........
3 I’m convinced there is some mistake with this bill. / It’s enormous/ There.must be some mistake.......
4 They are shouting. Perhaps, they are having an argument They.could have had an argument......
5 It’s certain Tom doesn’t know anyone who was there/ Tom..must not be known .........
6 Somebody was possibly smoking it the stands / Somebody..may have smoken ..........
7 It wasn’t John who you saw yesterday. He’s been abroad for years / It.can’t have been john who.........
8 You may not have understood something in this exercise/ Perhaps.you didn’t
understand ... ...................................................
9 I’m absolutely sure they weren’t playing in this weather They could not have been playing
in...............................................
10 I agree that we could have done more to help / I agree we ………………………………..
11 He blamed me for his mistakes, which was unfair / It was..him who blamed me for his mistake............
12 It’s thought that a number of people were involved in the affair/ A number..of people is thought to have been
involved in.........
13 The fridge is completely empty. / There ..is noting left in the fringe........................................................
14 There is a rumor that you stole it. / It is .you who ........
15.I never miss out on a cup of coffee when I visit her flat./She ...........................................................
16 When the police caught him, he was climbing over the garden wall. / The police caught ......................
17 There is no need for you to have gone all that trouble You.have not had to go all ..........
18 I expect you missed her plane / She must..have missed her........
19 “If you don’t take it easy, you’ll have another heart attack” the doctor said to the patient.
The doctor warned the patient ....................................
20 “You should have waited for us,” the team leader said to John. / The team leader criticized jonh for not wait for
them
....................................................
21 Although she said that she would come, I don’t think she ever will./ Despite……………………………..
22 I can’t get my feet into these shoes./ These shoes .................................................................
23 This pudding can be cooked in its tin./ You don’t.............................................\
24 “You’d better not lend him any more money,/ Elizabeth” said John./ John .........................................
25 Such success hasn’t been achieved by many players in the world of ice hockey / Only …………….
26 The secretary said that they’d run out of paper for the photocopier( left) / The secretary
said ...................................
28 Floods meant rescue workers couldn’t get through to the village
Rescue workers ..........................................
29 According to the report, the driver of the car was a policeman( being)
According to the report,...............
30 We were just about to leave the restaurant when the waitress finally brought our food. (POINT)
=> We were..................................................the restaurants when the waitress finally brought our food.
31 You will start to feel better as soon as this drug is effective. (EFFECT)
The moment ...............................................
32 She was just as good as they had thought. / She quite definitely came ……………
33 The police didn’t at all suspect that the judge was the murder. Little ………………………………….
34 Could you guard against my handbag while I go to the toilet? / Could you keep ……………
35.I really don't know what you're talking about. FAINTES.
36.We don’t expect that the missing climbers have survived. HOLD
37.You must accept the fact that she has left you. TERMS
IV Choose the best answer:
1 After dinner, the President got up to…… a short speech. A. hold B provide C. tell
D. make
2 We looked everywhere but the intruder was nowhere……. A. to be seen B. seen C. to see
D. having seen
3. …..what most people say about him, he has a very good sense of humor A. contrary to B against C
opposite to D opposing
4 Karen is far too….to be put in charge of all those children.
A irresponsible B unresponsible C disresponsible D.
inresponsible
5…..I am aware, there were no problems during the first six months Aexcept that B so much as C
much more than D As far as
6 Mr. White….the company in the way he wanted to A. owned B. ruled C. ran
D. commanded
7 Tourists go to the tourist--------------office to get maps or enquire about sight-seeing
A inform B informative C information D informant
8 You’d better look at the newspaper…..ads every day for a job. A. like B. love C.
want D. need
9 I think it…..to settle the matter. A. my business B. responsibility C. my affair D.
my privacy
10 Some people prefer classical music, but…..prefer rock music. A. some B. others C.
other D. the other
12 When manufactures began making radios….., they found quicker and cheaper ways of doing the
work.
A. by thousands B. by the thousands C. in thousands D. in the thousands
13 Smoking is a very bad habit, which many people find it difficult to……A: Break B: beat C:
breathe D: cough
15 Having…..the table, Mrs. Roberts called the family for supper. A. completed B. spread C.
ordered D. laid
16 They wasted…..time searching for the car keys. A. priceless B. costly C.
valuable D. expensive
17 The Olympic Games are given world…...television coverage A. wide B. over C.
global D. though
18 It is usually better not to….things, in case they are not returned. A. lose B. offer C.
borrow D. lend
19 In the middle of all the panic, she….phoned the police. A. silently B. calmly C.
peacefully D. mildly
20 All the information was…….alphabetically in large cabinets. A. Composed B. gathered C.
Filed D. crammed
21 If you weren’t satisfied, you…..have complained to the manager. A. can B. need C.
could D. will
23 But why did the police suspect you? It just does not make…..to me A. sense B. reason C.
right D. truth
24 To generate income, magazine publishers must decide whether to increase the subscription price
or………
A. to sell advertising B. if they should sell advertising C. selling advertising D. sold advertising
25 He was very lucky when he fell off the ladder. He _____ himself.
A. could have hurt B. must have hurt C. should have hurt D. will have hurt
26 there was no need for advertising in the old times. A. requirement B. inquiry C. necessity
D. demand
27 The stolen jewels were……a lot of money. A. valued B. cost C. worth
D. priced
28 There has been a……….growth in the government’s popularity A. immediate B. right away C.
short D. sudden
29 Displays in store windows, pictures on billboards, and huge……signs are advertising.
A. electric B. electrical C. electrified D. electrifying
30 My brother rarely ________ responsibilities in the family, which makes my father really angry.
A. gets B. takes C. receives D. puts on
31 My mother always _____ that we leave home for school with breakfast.
A. ensures herself B. checks again C. takes certain D. makes sure
32 The shop assistant is ready to ______ me a helping hand. She was very nice. A. offer B. take
C.get D. lend
33 Many people do not realize that they are causing disasters _______ themselves. A. to B. for C.
with D. about
34 Forests all over the world are being _____ into deserts. A. switched B. turned C. sent D.
transferred
35 Many countries have built _____ to carry water to desert areas. A. rivers B. channels C.
canals D. lakes
36 People living in that area are ______ the threat _______ lead poisoning. A. in- on B. with- to
C. under- of D. on- for
37 The President expressed his deep sorrow over the bombing deaths. a. sadness b. anxiety c.
disappointment d. interest
38 The anniversary of the founding of the charity falls ____ 12 th November. a. in b. on c.
at d. to
39 They give care and comfort ______ disadvantaged children. a. for b. to c. on d.
at
40 All the teachers work on an entirely ___ basis. a. volunteer b. volunteered c. voluntary d.
voluntarily
41 Eco-tourists should be flexible and keep a sense of humor when things ______ wrong.
A. went B. goes C. go D. going
42 Don’t be afraid ______ the holiday company about what they do that is ‘eco’.
A. about asking B. to asking C. asking D. to ask
43 “Eco” is very fashionable today and a lot of holidays that ______ as ecotourism are not much
better than traditional tourism. A. advertise B. are advertised C. are advertising
D. advertising
44 Nam: “How important is tourism to our country?” Lan: " ____________"
A. More and more companies are advertising about ecotourism. B. It really helps to create more jobs
for a lot of people.
C. Tourism is also an industry. D. It is hard to develop without
learning about tourism.
45 Lan: “Would you like to work in tourism?” Nam: "____________"
A. The number of tourists to our country is increasing. B. Everyone wants to be employed.
C. It’s always been my dream to work as a tour guide. D. Being a tour guide, you can lead an
interesting life.
46 Nam: “What do you think tourism will be like in the future?” Lan: "____________"
A. I guess there will be various forms of tourism. B. I’ve always interested in tourism
industry
C. it’s not easy to find a job in tourism these days. D. More females than males work, in
tourism industry.
47 Lan: “What do you think of the idea of space tourism?” Nam: "____________"
A. I’m thinking about ecotourism benefits. B. Space exploration has brought
numerous changes.
C. Rich people tend to spend more money on traveling. D. It might be a profitable industry in
the future.
48 Nam: “Do you think tourism helps people in the world understand each other?” Lan:
“____________”
A. It is important for people in the world to understand each other. B. Wars may end when people
understand each other.
C. People need sympathy to understand each other.
D. Definitely. Tourism helps people to get to know more about different cultures.
49 Nam: “Is tourism something that only rich people can take part in?” Lan: “____________”
A. Rich people tend to spend luxurious holidays. B. Not really. So many cheap holidays are being
offered these days
C. Cheap holidays give you a chance to travel to more places. D. Places of attractions are always full
of visitors.
50 Nam: ‘‘What factors affect tourism?” Lan: “____________”
A. Economic factors are always decisive ones. B. A strong tourism industry brings the country
numerous advantages.
C. It is influenced by so many things, such as weather, people, and administrative policies.
D. People need to be professionally trained to work in tourism industry.
51 Nam: “Do you think tourism is bad for the planet?” Lan: “____________”
A. To some extent, yes, especially when tourists travel by plane. B. People need to live in a
green planet.
C. A lot of people want to travel around the planet. D. We should protect our planet
from bad tourism.
53 Nam: “What do you think about tourists in our country?” Lan: “____________”
A. There are tourists coming from other countries as well. B. Our country is a favourite destination
for many tourists.
C. The numbers of visitors to our country is increasing.
D. Well, most of them behave appropriately, but some are still very rude.
54 Lan: “How has tourism changed over the past few decades?” Nam: “____________”
A. Tourism is also considered as an industry. B. In general, people without skills are at risk of being
unemployed.
C. There have been new types of tourism, and tourists have become more responsible.
D. Ecotourism is not always beneficial to the local people.
55 Lan: “Are you a good ambassador for our country’s tourism industry?” Nam: “____________”
A. Tourism industry really needs good ambassadors.
B. I hope so. I’ve always tried to get more people to know about tourist destinations in our country.
C. A number of people have been chosen as tourism ambassadors.
D. Tourism ambassadors realty need to be good at communication skills.
56 Lan: “Which places in our country do visitors enjoy visiting the most?” Nam: “____________”
A. It depends. Foreign visitors often like places such as Sa Pa or Ha Long Bay.
B. Our country is famous for many tourist attractions and friendly people.
C. Not all visitors are well-informed about places of attraction.
D. Tourism industry needs to-work harder to boost the tourist destinations.
58 Nam: “What are some of the benefits of going away on holiday?” Lan: “____________”
A. Going away on holiday is getting more and more popular. B. Ecotourism brings a number of
benefits to the local people.
C. It is always expensive if people go to a place of tourist attractions.
D. We may broaden our horizons and experience new cultures.
59 Soil pollution is a result of dumping plastic or other ______ waste in the ground after the overuse
of chemical ______ in agriculture. A. organics / fertilizer B. organ / fertile C. organic /
fertilizer D. inorganic / fertilizers
60.The patient could not recover unless he ______ an operation. A underwent B got over C
received D gained
61 You can’t remove any products from the nature. It is illegal.
A. You can’t remove any products from the nature, so it is illegal.
B. Because you can’t remove any products from the nature, it is illegal.
C. You can’t remove any products from the nature because it is illegal.
D. You can’t remove any products from the nature unless it is illegal.
62. You should try to limit the use of natural resources. They are running out in many tourist
destinations. .
A. You should try to limit the use of natural resources unless they are running out in many tourist
destinations.
B. Because you try to limit the use of natural resources, they are running out in many tourist
destinations.
C. You should try to limit the use of natural resources, so they are-running out in many tourist
destinations.
D. Natural resources are running out in many tourist destinations, so you should try to limit their use.
63. We don’t allow the local people to hunt endangered species for our consumption. They will
become extinct sooner.
A. We don’t allow the local people to hunt endangered species for our consumption, so they will
become extinct sooner.
B. If we allowed the local people to hunt endangered species for our consumption, they would
become extinct sooner.
C. We don’t allow the local people to hunt endangered species for our consumption unless they will
become extinct sooner.
D. They will become extinct sooner if we don’t allow the local people to hunt endangered species for
our consumption.
64. You stay in locally owned accommodation and buy products from local people. You will support
local community.
A. You will support local community if you stay in locally owned accommodation and buy products
from local people.
B. You will support local community unless you stay in locally owned accommodation and buy
products from local people.
C. You stay in locally owned accommodation and buy products from local people because you will
support local community.
D. You stay in locally owned accommodation arid buy products from local people only if you will
support local community.
65. Living areas are damaged or destroyed. They might not be available to future generations.
A. Living areas are damaged or destroyed because they might not be available to future generations.
B. Living areas are damaged or destroyed, but they might be available to future generations.
C. Living areas might not be available to future generations if they are damaged or destroyed.
D. Living areas might not be available to. future generations unless they are damaged or destroyed.
V Fill the blanks with correct prepositions:
1 My father is going to go _up___ the wall when he finds out that I’ve lost the car keys .
2 Ms Thomson told her plump daughter to eat _in___ moderation but she refused to do so .
3. _with____ luck , we should be in London ---at-------------------- 3 o’ clock .
4. my mother always wins when she wants my father to switch __over____ __to____ the TV
channel she likes
5 Although he was really a builder, he could turn his hand __to____ electrical and various other jobs
as well. 
6 He‘s not feeling well at the moment, but he should be _off___ and __on___ again in a few days . 
7 It was thoughtful __of__ Mary to send you a gift on your birthday.
8. Jenny has come _up_ with ______ a wonderful name for her new goldfish.
9 Government officials are looking __over___ reports that the lake is being polluted by a chemical
factory.
10 I didn’t know what to say. I was __at__ a loss for words. 
11 We have to go by car. We can not take the bus _on___ account of____ the strike.
12 The damage to local communities, customs and crafts that results on_ the arrival of huge groups of
tourists.
13 The travel industry should work with local councils and government agencies to agree _on_____
realistic standards for planning and development in tourist areas.
14 It may become necessary for the United Nations to work ______ international agreements and
strict environmental controls on the tourist industry.
17 A number of reports have cast doubt ___on___ the value of ecotourism.
18 It’s hard to deny that humanity has played a pretty big role in changing nature __at____ the worse.
19 Ecotourism may become popular as people look for ways to get really close ______ exotic wildlife
while keeping a clear conscience.
20 Gorillas and penguins are among the species most susceptible __to dễ bị ảnh hưởng____
ecotourism because they have a strong tendency to relax in the presence of humans.
21 Professor Blumstein says that ecotourism is similar __to____ domesticating or urbanizing the animals.
22 Animals’ regular interactions with people may lead _to_____ a kind of taming.
23 Domesticated animals are less responsive ___to___ stimulated predatory attacks.
24 Ecotourism in distant and remote spots around the planet is getting more popular __ tourists and
tour guides.
VI Mistake correction :
1 He(A)knows to repair(B)the carburector without (C)taking the whole car (D)apart knows how to
3 Nitrogen must be combine with another element such as hydrogen or oxygen to be useful in
agriculture or industry. combined
4 In ancient times and throughout the Middle Ages, many people believed that the earth is motionless.
was
5 Because not food is as nutritious for a baby as its mother's milk, many women are returning to the
practice of breast
feeding. No food 6 Her family had great difficulty to get her transferred to an other hospital
getting
7 What has discouraged the children to take part in the competition
8 Some of them will probably want to dance during they are listening to the records ( 117) people
9 Last year, there were such many apples that we had to give the half of them away ( two mistakes)
so one
10 Marcy said that she (A)knew how the procedures for doing the experiment, but when we began
(B)to work in the laboratory, she found (C)that she was (D)mistaken.
11.(A) News of Charles Lindbergh’s famous translantic flight in 1927 (B)spread rapidly (C)despite of
the lack of (D)an international communication system. sreaded
13 When we arrived (A)at the store (B)to purchase the dishwasher (C)advertise in the newspaper, we
learned that all the dishwashers had (D)been sold. advertisement
14 Did you (A)know how that the actors’ strike (B)will delay the beginning (C)of the new television
season and (D)cause the cancellation of many contracts?
15 We should (A)have been informed Janis (B)about the change in plans (C)regarding our
(D)weekend trip to the mountains regardless of
16. Reading books cannot make your life longer, but it can really make your life more thicker. thick
17 The (A) test administrator ordered (B) that we (C) not to open our books until he told (D) us to do
so.
18 (A) Our new neighbors (B) had been living in Arizona (C) for ten years (D) before moving their
present house. Moving to
19 We (A) are supposed to read all of (B) chapter seventh and (C) answer the questions (D) for
tomorrow’s class. seven
21 Approximately fifty percent of the (A) package (B) utilized in the United States are for (C) foods and
(D) beverages. packages
22 Studies (A) of either vision and physical optics (B) began almost (C) as early as civilization (D)
itself. both
23 (A) Because the expense of (B) traditional fuels and the (C) concern that they may run out, many
countries (D) have been investigating alternative source of power. The concern 24 He stopped his
car and got in the shop to buy some fresh flowers .
25 I' m learning German that I will be able to speak it when I go to Austria next summer. So that
VII VERB TENSE :
1 Coming into the room, he( see) Mary where he ( leave) her
2 I’m sure you(forget)must have forgot me by the time you(be)will have been back in5 years’ time
3 Yesterday, he( do)have done homework for 2 hours, then he ( play)played football
4 Nothing --seeing------(see) of Pauline since her car--found-------- (find) abandoned near Newbury
last week.
5 Why wasn’t Pamela at the meeting, last night? She (may+ attend)—may have attended------- the
lecture at Shaw Hall. I know she’d very much wanted to hear the speaker
6 Jane didn’t do the test well. Because she didn’t understand what she was supposed to do. He
( can/ listen)—could listen--------- very carefully when the teacher gave the direction
7 Kathy lost her way while driving to River City. She (should / leave)should have left---------- her
map at home
8 Where’s Ann. I don’t know. She (could/ visit)could be visiting------- her aunt right now. She
usually visit them every Friday
9You ( should/ watch) should watch------the movie on TV tonight. I highly recommended it
10 I heard a loud crash in the next room. When I walked in , I found a brick on the floor. Somebody
( must/ throw)-must have thrown------- the brick through the window
11 Where is Jane? I haven’t seen her for weeks. I’m not sure. She ( might/ travel)-might have
travelled----- in Europe
12 My jacket isn’t in the closet. I think my room mate-might borrow-(might/ borrow) it. He often
borrows my things without asking me
13 When I arrived, Dennis looked surprised . He ( can/ expect)can not have expected------ you
14 A I couldn’t reach Peter on the phone. I wonder where he was B He ( may wash)-may have
washed--- his car when you called or he ( may/ already leave)----- for the restaurant
by then
15 Where is that cool air coming from? Somebody ( must/ leave)must be left----the door open
VIII. Word formation:
1 He isn’t a good teacher but everyone loves him because of his.......personality.........................
( person)
2.Since the....attention................has been so poor, the class has to be closed (attend )
3 He doesn’t agree with the …..belief.............that there’s life on other planet( believe)
4 It’s against the law to hunt for the kind of birds which have been listed as one of the……
endangered....................species(danger)
5.The old village is very......picturesque...........….( picture)
6 The _frequency_______of the trains and buses causes --frustration--------------. (frequent/
frustrate)
7. The equipment is __weight__________, portable and easy to store. (WEIGH)
8 Electronic dictionaries are now common in English classes. They can be very easily downloaded
into your __personal__________ electronic devices. (PERSON)
9 The Ancient Town in Hoi An – Da Nang has gradually been _eroded_______ by the sea.
(EROSION)
10They conducted a campaign to promote people’s __awareness________ of environmental
problems. (AWARE)
11 If oil supplies run out in 2050 then we need to find _alternative_______ energy sources soon.
(ALTER)
IX Choose the best answer:
A. People in the United States often shop from catalogs. There are special catalogs for (1) ----------every
need, including clothing, furniture, health, (2)----------products and things for the kitchen. People also ----
(3) ---- about 40% of their music from music club catalogs. Customers say that music stores are too
noisy.
Television shopping began in 1986. About 5% to 8% of the American public now shops by
television. Some (4) ----------shopping channels are the Home Shopping Network and QVC. Customers
---(5)-------television shopping easier than shopping in a store. How do they buy things ? They (6)--------
a phone call and charge the item to their credit card. And TV shopping channels are on late at night
(7)----------people can go shopping anytime.
Is the computer shopping the way of the future? About 37% of American (8)---------now have personal
computers. And shopping by computer (or shopping on-line) is (9)----------to more people every day.
Already , shoppers can use their computers to order many different products, such as computer
products, flowers, foods, T-shirts and posters. And new on-line shopping services (10)---every day. Soon
people may be able to shop for anything, anytime, anywhere in the world.
1 A most B almost C mostly D most of
2 A beauty B beautiful C beautifying D beautified
3 A call B demand C order D take
4 A popular B liked C favorite D beloved
5 A think B find C make D discover
6 A ring B give C make D have
7 A so B when C because D though
8 family B houses C housework D households
9 A exciting B surprising C amazing S interesting
10 A raise B come C appear D grow
B Feminism, collective term for systems of belief and theories that pay special (1) -----to women’s
rights and women’s position in culture and society. The term tends to be used for the women’s rights
movement, which began in the late 18th century and continues to campaign for complete political,
social, and economic equality between women and men.This
article (2)------specifically with the development of the ideas behind that movement and their (3)
-------and impact.
Feminists are united by the idea that women’s position in society is unequal to (4)_______ of men,
and that society is structured in such a way as to benefit men to the political, social, and economic (5)
_________ of women. However,
feminists have used different theories to explain these (6) ______ and have advocated different ways
of redressing inequalities, and there are marked geographic and historical variations in the nature of
feminism.
Historically, feminist thought and activity can be divided into two waves. The first wave, which
began in about 1800 and (7) ______ until the 1930s, was largely concerned with gaining
equal rights between women and men. The second wave, which began in the late 1960s, has
continued to fight for (8) ______ but has also developed a (9)______ of theories and approaches that
stress the difference between women and men and that draw attention to the (10) _____ needs of
women.
Question 1: A. notice B. attention C. benefit D. equality
Question 2 A. deals B. tends C. develops D. initiates
Question 3: A. pressure B. problem C. variation D.
influence
Question 4: A. most B. those C. that D. which
Question 5: A. detriment B. benifit C. position D. advocate
Question 6: A. difference B. attention C. equalities D. inequalities
Question 7 A. widened B. spent C. lasted D. lengthened
Question 8 A. freedom B. independence C. tradition D. equality
Question 9 A. kind B. sort C. range D. type
Question 10 A. definite B. specific C. vague D. general
C A book has just been published to help parents to deal with their children’s naughty behavior at
home. The author, Dr. James Bruno, says that the first positive discipline technique is for parents to
remain (1) ____ because nervous parents don’t get good results. Parents who often (2)_____ their
temper find that their children stop taking any notice of them. When parents yell at their children to
make them (3) ________ an order, children often act as if they did not hear them.
The second challenge is to know how to correct bad behavior in an effective way. (4)_________
children by preventing them from watching their favorite TV program is not at an ideal solution. Nor
is telling them off when their friends are present. Dr. Bruno believes parents should (5) _________
clear rules for children to follow. If children refuse to follow these, they know they will be
disciplined.
Question 1: A. still B. quiet C. calm D. silent
Question 2: A. forget B. lose C. break D. leave
Question 3: A. hear B. obey C. comply D. accept
Question 4: A. Harming B. Hurting C. Damaging D. Punishing
Question 5: A. establish B. draw C. install D. design
D Shyness may not seem to be a serious complaint, but for some who suffer from it, it can become
unbearable. Even talking to a small group of people you know can seem like an ordeal – it can feel as if
you’ve been asked to give a speech on a topic you know very little about to a number of experts. You start to
feel hot and shaky, your heart beats faster, your knees feel weak, you begin to stutter and the whole
experience seems to last forever.
The fact of the matter is that shyness is something we often recognize in others: blushing is one of the
more visible sighs, for example. Yet we do not judge someone harshly because of this. But shyness does
mean you are harder to approach, so you become more isolated. As one shy person put it, “It’s like
being in a prison, and it’s very hard to break out.”
Experts on the subject have come up with various possible solutions, and one has been singled out as being
the key to success, namely, finding an interest in common with other people. Spending a lot of time on the
sidelines watching other people and envying them because they are much more outgoing doesn’t help;
remembering that some of the people you envy most are probably shy themselves. The secret is how you
deal with it. And experts have come up with four things you can do today to help. Firstly, you can start by
listening to other people. You will find yourself getting interested in what they’re talking about and asking
questions, and before you know it, you’ll be having a conversation. Secondly, you could try asking neighbors
if you can walk their dog. Like children, pets can be excellent icebreakers for conversations with passers-by.
Thirdly, try joining a class to learn something like tap-dancing or flamenco, where people are likely to laugh
a lot. You’ll feel relaxed, and also you’ll be much too busy concentrating on what you are doing to feel shy.
Lastly, try telling yourself that it doesn’t matter if you say or do something silly. Most people make a fool of
themselves every so often, and it’s not the end of the world if you do.
Question 22: One of the symptoms of shyness in a stressful situation is _________
A. sweating a lot. B. an increased heart rate. C. pain in the knees. D. excessive
talkativeness.
Question 23: Why do shy people become more reserved?
A. Their social unease makes them more difficult to talk to. B. They see that
others are shy too.
C. Other people lack the patience to talk to them. D. They dread being judged
by others.
Qu 24:The word "blushing" is closest in meaning to ____.A. going green
B.goingredC.smilingD.sweating
Question 25: What do experts believe is the most essential measure to be taken?
 A. Studying others’ behavior in social situations. B. Discovering shared
interests with others.
C. Comparing yourself to other people. D. Finding out what makes
other people shy.
Question 26: How can listening to others prove helpful in combating shyness?
A. You develop useful psychological skills. B. It’s the first step to getting into
conversation.
C. People will see you care about their interests. D. It’s a visible sign of becoming less shy.
Question 27: It’s suggested in the text that a shy person should _________
A. learn to laugh more. B. learn to relax. C. take up a social hobby. D. help other people in the
community.
Question 28: Shy people should realize that everybody _________
A. says stupid things sometimes. B. makes jokes sometimes. C. is foolish. D. is self-
conscious.
Question 29: The major aim of the author of the text is to _________
A. give important advice on how to deal with shy people. B. raise the readers’ interest in shyness as a
social problem.
C. present recent findings about the nature of shyness. D. offer useful hints on how shy people can
help themselves.
***E Literate women make better mothers?
Children in developing countries are healthier and more likely to survive past the age of five when
their mothers can read and write. Experts in public health accepted this idea decades ago, but until
now no one has been able to show that a woman's ability to read in itself improves her children's
chances of survival.
Most literate women learnt to read in primary school, and the fact that a woman has had an
education may simply indicate her family's wealth or that it values its children more highly. Now a
long-term study carried out in Nicaragua has eliminated these factors by showing that teaching
reading to poor adult women, who would otherwise have remained illiterate, has a direct effect on
their children's health and survival.
In 1979, the government of Nicaragua established a number of social programmes, including a
National Literacy Crusade. By 1985, about 300,000 illiterate adults from all over the country, many
of whom had never attended primary school, had learnt how to read, write and use numbers.
During this period, researchers from the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, the Central
American Institute of Health in Nicaragua, the National Autonomous University of Nicaragua and the
Costa Rican Institute of Health interviewed nearly 3,000 women, some of whom had learnt to read as
children, some during the literacy crusade and some who had never learnt at all. The women were
asked how many children they had given birth to and how many of them had died in infancy. The
research teams also examined the surviving children to find out how well-nourished they were.
The investigators' findings were striking. In the late 1970s, the infant mortality rate for the children
of illiterate mothers was around 110 deaths per thousand live births. At this point in their lives, Those
mothers who later went on to learn to read had a similar level of child mortality(105/1000).For
women educated in primary school, however, the infant mortality rate was significantly lower, at 80
per thousand.
In 1985, after the National Literacy Crusade had ended, the infant mortality figures for those who
remained illiterate and for those educated in primary school remained more or less unchanged. For
those women who learnt to read through the campaign, the infant mortality rate was 84 per thousand,
an impressive 21 points lower than for those women who were still illiterate. The children of the
newly-literate mothers were also better nourished than those of women who could not read.
Why are the children of literate mothers better off? According to Peter Sandiford of the Liverpool
School of Tropical Medicine, no one knows for certain. Child health was not on the curriculum
during the women's lessons, so he and his colleagues are looking at other factors. They are working
with the same group of 3,000 women, to try to find out whether reading mothers make better use of
hospitals and clinics, opt for smaller families, exert more control at home, learn modem childcare
techniques more quickly, or whether they merely have more respect for themselves and their children.
The Nicaraguan study may have important implications for governments and aid agencies that need
to know where to direct their resources. Sandiford says that there is increasing evidence that female
education, at any age, is 'an important health intervention in its own right' .The results of the study
lend support to the World Bank's recommendation that education budgets in developing countries
should be increased, not just to help their economies, but also to improve child health. 'We've known
for a long time that maternal education is important,' says John Cleland of the London School of
Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. 'But we thought that even if we started educating girls today, we'd
have to wait a generation for the pay-off. The Nicaraguan study suggests we may be able to bypass
that.'
Cleland warns that the Nicaraguan crusade was special in many ways, and similar campaigns
elsewhere might not work as well. It is notoriously difficult to teach adults skills that do not have an
immediate impact on their everyday lives, and many literacy campaigns in other countries have been
much less successful. 'The crusade was part of a larger effort to bring a better life to the people,' says
Cleland. Replicating these conditions in other countries will be a major challenge for development
workers.
Questions 14-18 Complete the summary using the list of words, A-J, below. NB You may use any
letter more than once.
The Nicaraguan National Literacy Crusade aimed to teach large numbers of illiterate 14 ..................
to read and write. Public health experts have known for many years that there is a connection between
child health and 15.................. However, it has not previously been known whether these two factors
were directly linked or not. This question has been investigated by 16.................... in Nicaragua. As a
result, factors such as 17 ...................... and attitudes to children have been eliminated, audit has been
shown that 18................ can in itself improve infant health and survival.
A child literacy B men and women C an international research team D
medical care E mortality
F maternal literacy G adults and children H paternal literacy I a National Literacy
Crusade J family wealth
19-24 Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading PassageYES/ NO /
NOT GIVEN
19 About a thousand or the women interviewed by the researchers had learnt to read they were
children.
20 Before the National Literacy Crusade, illiterate women had approximately the same levels of
infant mortality as those who had learnt to read in primary school.
21 Before and after the National Literacy Crusade, the child mortality rate for the illiterate women
stayed at about 110 deaths for each thousand live births.
22 The women who had learnt to read through the National Literacy Crusade showed the greatest
change in infant mortality levels.
23 The women who had learnt to read through the National Literacy Crusade had the lowest rates of
child mortality.
24 After the National Literacy Crusade, the children of the women who remained illiterate were
found to be severely malnourished.
Q 25 and 26 :Which TWO important implications drawn from the Nicaraguan study are mentioned
by the writer of the passage?
A. It is better to educate mature women than young girls
B. Similar campaigns in other countries would be equally successful.
C. The effects of maternal literacy programs can be seen very quickly
D. Improving child health can quickly affect a country's economy.
E. Money spent on female education will improve child health.
X Mark the letter on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the rest in the
position of the main stress
1. A. access B. afford C. brochure D. casual
2. A. behaviour B. determined C. counsellor D. decisive
3. A. donate B. compare C. campaign D. admirable
4. A. experience B. mobility C. independent D. prioritise
5. A. romantic B. solution C. protective D. elegant
6. A. constitution B. disrespectful C. sympathetic D. elongated
7. A. generational B. interpersonal C. discrimination D. nationality
8. A. studious B. unite C. mature D. involve
9.A. imagine B. attractive C. satisfy D. environment
10.A. eliminate B. technology C. academic D. compulsory
11.A. medicine B. survival C. endanger D. addition
12.A. interactive B. inaccurate C. ability D. biology
13.A. anticipate B. anxious C. specialize D. tendency
XI Mark the letter to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in
pronunciation in each
1 A. struggle B. destruction C. Suffer D. support
 2 A. contribute B. Opponent C.gorilla D Compliment
3 A. Carry B. marriage  C. Parrot D. barber
4 A. Stool B. Bamboo C. Good D. Loose
5 A. Volunteer B. Position C. community D. Introduce
6A.Compulsory B.Comfortable C.Accompan D.Welcome
7 A. Afford B. Effort C. Resource D. Resort
8: A. raise B. said C. great D. available
9: A. Invites B. hopes C. Makes D. comes
10:A.Command B.Community C.Complete D.Common
11: A. talks B. takes C. decides D. completes
12: A. honest B. home C. vehicles D. heiress
13 A parachute B machine C chef D chief
14 A building B suitable C suit D recruitment
15 A recent B electronic C complete D equal
Exercise XII Mark the letter to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s)
1 A digital camera is more economical than a film camera since you don't have to buy rolls of films.
A. better B. cheaper C. safer D. stronger
2 You can use earbuds to listen to music or your listening everywhere, even in public place, as nobody is disturbed.
A. annoyed B. connected C. imitated D. interacted
3 You can use a USB stick to transport files from one computer to another.
A. delete B. display C. transfer D. store
4 Smartphones are very versatile, as they can do many things like making phone calls, taking pictures, or listening
to music.
A. capable B. flexible C. helpful D. interesting
5 Apple iPad has remained the single most popular tablet PC ever since 2010.
A. became B. continued C. existed D. stopped
6 A 3-D printer can produce solid objects similar to the originals.A. images B. models C. papers D.
pictures
7 There are many traffic jams during rush hour. A. congestion B. riders C. road signs D.
transportation
8 When collapsing the wings, a flying car is just a little bit bigger than a normal car.
A. dropping B. fixing C. folding D. opening
9 Some tourist areas have suffered from some environmental damage.A. covered B. finished C. taken D.
undergone
10 Ecotourism activities have had some negative impacts on the environment and people in the area.
A. influences B. factors C. criteria D. stimuli
11 Ecotourism needs to recruit better educated people, so it won’t provide more jobs for the local people.
A. reduce B. offer C. wipeout D. add
12 If tourists leave litter after the picnic, they may cause pollution. A. drop B. depart C. escape D.
disappear
13 Making a campfire requires cutting down trees for firewood.
A. demands B. fosters C. encourages D. prevents
14 Campfires may cause forest fires if they are unattended. A. focused B. neglected C. looked after D.
watched
15 Ecotourism is booming and tour operators say this helps nature.
A. decreasing B. declining C. falling D. flourishing
16 Ecotourism is making animals bolder and become less cautious about other animals.
A. careful B. careless C. reckless D. foolish
17 Ecotourism is a unique way for travellers to engage in sustainable tourism while vacationing.
A. disconnect B. promise to many C. join D. catch
XIII Mark the letter to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s)
1. Nutritious snacks provide an important contribution towards your child’s daily nutritional needs.
A. Inexpensive B. Uncooked . C. Unhealthy D. Unpacked
2. A smart phone is too costly for him to even have a normal one.
A. economical B. expensive C. priceless D. valuable
3 Many people are afraid, .that computers with superhuman intelligence will destroy humanity.
A. awareness B. perception C. stupidity D. wisdom
4 Speakers are too bulky. You cannot put them in your bag or your pocket .A. giant B. heavy . C. large D.
tiny
5 A digital camera is convenient as it is quick to view and delete as well as easy to transfer photos to a computer.
A. harmful B. inexpensive C. uninteresting D. useless
6 Even the best invention may have drawbacks. A laptop, for example, is expensive so many people cannot afford
it.
A. advantages B. disadvantages C. shortcomings D. weaknesses
7 If animals become less careful about other animals, they are at risk of being attacked by their natural predators.
A. helped B. harmed C. protected D. saved
8 Hunting animals may lead to their extinction. A. reduction B. imprisonment C. death D.
survival
9 The worst impact is the massive loss of land.A. minimal B. tiny C. heavy D.
acceptable
10. If tourists throw rubbish or break tree branches, they are heavily fined.
A. advanced B. compensated C. penalized in money D. awarded in
money