-- MODULE 1

LEARNING OUTCOMES

AT THE END OF THE LESSON THE LEARNER WILL BE ABLE TO :

1. Develop and maintain good health and high level of physical fitness.
2. Acquire and practice desirable social traits necessary for adjustment to happy living and
To the social life in general
3. Learn the mechanical principles of underlying movement as they acquire knowledge and
Understanding of rules and strategies of games, sports as well as dance instruction .

INTRODUCTIONS
PHYSICAL EDUCATION: ITS VALUES TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND ADJUSTMENT OF THE
INDIVIDUAL.

Modern Physical Education activities are based on the natural physical education of the primitive
times. Even the more recent activities, when analyzed, are found to be developed from
natural activities . In most educational system,physical education (PE), also called physical
training (PT) or gym.
Physical Education has existed since the earliest stages of humanity. In areas as simple the
transmission of knowledge of basic survival skills, such as hunting , however, the real
history of physical education in is the changing methodologies use to transmit physical
skills and, to lesser extent , the varying intentions of the educator.

The FATHER OF MODERN PHYSICAL EDUCATION was FRIEDRICH LUDWIG JAHN . Although Jahn was
highly political within Germany, his contribution to Physical Education (mostly in
Gymnastics) as a discipline are still seen today.

WHAT IS PHYSICAL EDUCATION (PE) is the interdisciplinary study of all area of science relating to the
transmission of physical knowledge and skills to an individual or a group, the application of
these skills and their results .
Physical Education is an important segment og general education which aims to contribute
to the total development of the learner through participation in selected vigorous
activities. It provides opportunities to acquire lifelong skills that are essential to his
physical, mental, social, and emotional development.

PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
Through carefully selected physical education activities , an individual who participate
actively will develop and maintain good health and high level pf physical fitness. The
acquisition of physical skills can motivate an individual tp participate further in physical
activities : hence , healthy growth and development of each learner will be enhanced.

SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Participation of Physical Education activities provides opportunities for the acquisition and
practice of desirable social traits necessary for adjustment to happy living and to the social
life in general . Some worthwhile traits are:

> Friendliness
> Cooperation
> Respect for the rights of other
> Good Sportsmanship
> Good Leadership
> Honesty in Group Competition

EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT
The informal nature of physical education offers opportunities for the development and
expression and emotional traits needed for emotional mastery like:
 > Self Confedence
> Self Control
> Self Reli8ance
> Courage
> Determination
> Pesonal Discipline

MENTAL DEVELOPMENT
Through participation in Physical Education activities the individual develops his capacities as
he learns the mechanical principles of underlying movement.as the learner acquire
knowledge and understanding of rules and strategies of games and sports as well as dance
instruction, as he discovers way of improving his movement in gymnastics and dance, and
the ability to analyze and give judgments.

LEGAL BASIS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

Article 1 of the international Charter of Physical Education and Sports, UNESCO Paris, 1978
and Recommendation 1, iplinary Regional Meeting of Experts Physical educations UNESCO,
BRISBANE AUSTRALIA, 1982. State that:

“The practice of Physical Education and Sports is a fundamental rights for all .”
“And this right should not be treated as different in principle from the right to adequate
food, shelter, and medical care.
Article xIv, section 19, 1986 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines”.
“The state shall promote Physical Education and encourage sports program league
competition,and amateur sports including training international training for foster self
discipline , team work, and excellence for the development for a healthy and alert
citizenry.
VALUES FOR PHYSICAL EDUCATION
The values for physical education activities are found in the resulting development and
adjustment for the individual.Regular exercise and physical activity are extremely
important and beneficial for long-term and well-being.

1. Reduce the risk of premature death

2. Reduce the risk of developing and dying from heart desease
3. Reduce high blood pressure
4. Reduce high cholesterol
5. Reduce the risk of developing colon cancer
6. Reduce the risk of developing diabetes
7. Reduce or maintain body weight
8. Build and maintain healthy muscles bones, and joints
9. Reduce depression and anxiety
10. Enhanced work recreation, and sports performance.

THE FOUR TYPES OF DEVELOPMENT

1. ORGANIC
This the development of power and endurance in the heart, lungs ,
heatregulating mechanism, and digestive and eliminating organs.

2. NEUROMUSCULAR
The development of skills and coordination required in thye mastery of lifes varied
activities can be directly attributed to physical education : also to the development
of strength in the skeletal muscles used in such coordination .
3. Interpretive
This types of development strengthens the thinking , interpreting , and problem
solving process of the individual.
4. EMOTIONAL
 The development and maturing impulse and emotions through activities which gives
them expression under natural controls such as officials,rules , traditions and the person
desire to stay in the game and play are inherent in the team sports wear fear , anger,
joy and other powerful emotions are experienced.

PHYSICAL EDUCATION: Its Origin

Here is a list of words with their origin and meaning:

1. Apparatus-from the latin word “apparate”

2. Anthropomorphic -from the greek word “anthropikos”
3. Calisthenics- from greek word “kalos”
4. Coordination- from the latin word “ordinatus”
5. Cardiovascular- from the greek word “kardio”
6. Exercise from the latin word “ex”
7. Flexibilty- from the lkatin word flexus
8. Gymnastic- from the greek word “gumnos”
9. Gymnasium - from the greek word “gumnasion”
10. Kinesiology- from the Greek word “ kinesis”
11. Pedagogue-from the greek word “paido”
12. Physical Education- from the Latin word “physica”
13. Physiology- from the Greek word “ phusio”

HISTORICAL FOUNDATIONOF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS

THE OLYMPICS GAMES 776 BC

According to most accounts, the rings were adopted bBaron de Pierre de Coubertin ( Founder of the
Modern Olympic Movement) in 1913 after he saw a similar design on an artist fron Ancient Greece.
The five rings represent the five major region of the world :
A. Africa,
B. America
C. Asia
D. Europe
E. Oceania
Every national flag in the world includes at least one of the five colors. Which are from left to right
blue,yellow, black, green and red.
The Olympic Flag , made its debut at the 1920 Olympic Games in Athwerp Belgium. At ht e end of
each Olympic game the mayor of the host -city presents to the mayor of the next host-city.
The Olympic rings were designed in 1913, adopted in 1914 and debuted of the Games at
Antwerp,1920.
The original Olympic Games began in 776 BC in Olympia, Greece, and were celebrated until 393 AD.
In 1896 , the ancient Olympic Games were revived at the initiative of a French noble man , Pierre de
Baron de Coubertin , htus begining the era of the Modern Olympic Games.
The official Olympic Motto is “CITIUS< ALTIUS< FORTIUS”, a Latin phrase meaning “ Swifter,
higher,Stronger.”
The Olympic Flames is Lit in Olympia and brought to the host city by runners carrying the torch in
relay.
The Olympic Mascot, an animal or human figure representing the cultural heritage of the host city.,
was introduced 1968.
French and English are the two official languages of the Olympic movement.
Since the first modern games , in Athen Greece , participation in the Olympic Games has increased to
include athletes from nearly all nations worldwide.
The most popular legends describes that HERACLES was the creator of the Olympic Games., and built
the Olympic Stadium and surrounding buildings as an honor of his father ZEUS.
The Games was held every four years and the period between two celebrations became known as
“Olympiad”.
During the ancient times normally only young men could participate . Competitors were usually naked.

MODERN OLYMPICS

After the initial success , the Olympics struggled. The celebrations in PARIS (1900) and St.
Louis(1904) were over shadowed by the worlds fair exhibition in which they were included.
From the 241 participants from 14 nations in 1896, the Games grew to nearly 11,100 competitors
from 202 countries at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens.
The Olympics are one of the largest media events. In Syney in 2000 there were over 16,000
broadcaster and jounalists, and an estimated 3.8 billion viewers watched the games on television.
203 countries currently participate in the Olympics . This is noticeably higher number than
the number of countries recognized by the united nations.
By 2010, the Olympic Game will have been hosted by 41 cities in 22 countries . In 2012 London will
become the first city to have hosted Olympic Games three times .

Activity 1
QUIZ

Write the correct answer;

1. What is Physical Education?
2. Write the other term for Physical Education.
3. Who is the father of Modern Physical Education.
4. What are the Objective of Physical Education?
5. What do the Olympic rings signify?
6. Who is the founder of modern Olympic movement?
7. What are the five major regions of the world?
8. What are the official Motto of the Olympic Game?
9. Name the two official languages of the Olympic Movement.
10. What Country hosted the Olympic Games three times?

MODULE 2

PHYSICAL FITNESS AND TESTING

Introduction
Physical Fitness is a combination of medical fitness {body soundness ) and dynamic
fitness(capacity for action )
A physically fit person is free from disease and move and perform effectively.
Medical Fitness and Dynamic fitness usually go together, but it is possible to possess one with out the
other.
Physical Fitness is the ability of an individual to perform one’s daily activities efficiently
without undue fatigue.

IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL FITNESS

Through regular exercises, physical fitness helps the individual:

> in the proper growth of young bones and muscles.

> improve the ability to avoid and recover from illness
> improve posture and appearance by strengthening muscles that support the body.
> minimize stress response
> maintain body weight
> prevent heart ailment
> improve organic function
> delay the aging process
> feel good and younger as a human being
> experience joy of participation in any recreational or sports activities.

Principle of Physical Fitness

Physical Fitness is a personal responsibility. Few individuals other than athletes and military
Personnel are actually required to participate in organized fitness programs
A person’s physical fitness is determined by such factor as age, heredity, their behavior can
help them become physically fit and stay that way

A person’s level of physical fitness depends largely on how frequently and intensely he or she
exercises. There are two basic components of physical fitness :
1. Health Related fitness pertains to the total functioning of the body.
a) Cardio Respiratory Endurance- the ability of the heart and lungs to function
efficiently and effectively over a prolong period of time.
b) Muscular Strength - The ability of muscle group to contract against a resistance
c) Muscular Endurance- The ability to continue selected muscle movements for a
prolong period of time.
d) Flexibility- the functional capacity of a joint to move through a normal range of
motion.
e) Body Composition- one of the newer attributes in physical fitness components.
2. Skill-Related Fitness
a) Balance- `It involve vision, reflexes, and the skeletal muscular system which
provides the maintenance of equilibrium.
b) Coordination- it is ability to integrate the senses with muscle so as to produce
accurate, smooth, and harmonious body movement.
c) Agility- It is the capacity to change the direction of the body quickly and effectively.
d) Speed- it is the ability to moves one’s body from one point to another in a shorter
possible time.
e) Power- power is sometimes confused with strength.
f) Reaction Time-The time required to respond or initiate a movement result of a
given stimulus.

SPECIFIC COMPONENTS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS

> Organic Vigor

> Endurance
> Strength
> Power
> Flexibility
> Agility
> Balance
> Speed
>Coordination

Physical Wellness- is the positive state of well being and capability of an individual to design physical
fitness program for improving and maintaining optimum level of health.

BENEFITS OF HEALTH AND WELLNESS

1. Looking Good - Regular physical activity is a healthy lifestyles

2. Feeling Good - People who engage in regular physical activity feel better.
3. Enjoyable Life
4. Meeting Emergencies

PHYSICAL FITNESS TEST

According to the American Association of Health , Physical Education , Recreation and Dance.
(AAPHPERD), physical fitness is defined “physical state of well being that allow people to perform
daily task or activities which vigor , reduce, the risk of health problem.

PHYSICAL FITNESS TESTING

Is necessary activity because it well give us information of the status of over-all physical
fitness.The physical fitness test will serve as guide in determining what PE activities the students will
need to improve any physical fitness component or their physical fitness component in general.

PHYSICAL BATTERY TEST FITNESS

Safety Guides
> Review medical consideration
> Warm-up 5-10 minutes before physical fitness Test
> Students should wear physical education attire for the test.
> Before taking the test the students must count their pulse rate.

ACTIVITY

TEST ITEMS PHYSICAL FITNESS COMPONENTS BEING TESTED

Standing long Jump Leg Strength and Power

Bent Knee Curl-up Abdominal Strength and Endurance Speed
50 Meter Sprint Speed
Regular Push -up Arm Strength and Endurance
Knee Push-Ups (Males) Arm Strength and Endurance
Shuttle run Agility
Sit and Reach Trunk Flexibility
1000 Meter Run Cardio-respiratory
Three Minutes Step Test General Endurance