LICEO DE CAGAYAN UNIVERSITY

Rodolfo N. Pelaez Boulevard, Kauswagan, Cagayan de Oro City

COLLEGE OF PHARMACY
NAME: Guimba, Aisah DATE:10/03/20
BLOCK: B

EXPERIMENT #5

CHANGES IN MATTER

I. OBJECTIVES: At the end of the experiment, the students are expected to

1. to observe the physical and chemical properties of substances and explain how they are used in
identification of substances
2. to differentiate physical change from chemical change

II. DISCUSSION
Matter undergoes changes. These can be classified as either physical and chemical. Physical change
is a change in size, state, or structure of matter. It involves transformations which do not alter the
composition of the compound. The individual atoms are not rearranged in a different order after such
transformations take place. Physical change may alter the state of matter (gas, liquid, solid). For
example, when ice (H2O) melts, it becomes liquid water (also H 2O). If this water is boiled it becomes
vapor or gas (H2O).
H2O (l) H2O(g)

The element or the compound can be retrieved back to its original state.
Chemical change is a change in the composition of matter. It involves transformations which alter the
composition of the compound. If the compound is initially water (H2O), and after an alteration, it
changes to H2 and O2 gases, a chemical change has taken place.
2H2O(l) 2H2(g) + O2(g)
Evidence that chemical change has occurred are permanent change in color, gas evolution, and
precipitation.

III. MATERIALS
Apparatus Reagents
-test tubes -1% iodine solution -Zn metal
-dropper -CCl4 -HCl
-bunsen burner -distilled water -NaCl
-starch - BaCl2
-1M K2CrO4 - naphthalene
-6M H2SO4 - NH4Cl
-ethanol
-6M NaOH

IV. PROCEDURE
A. Change in Color
1. In two separate test tubes, place 2mL each tube with 1% iodine solution. To the first test tube, add
1mL of CCl4 and shake. Add 1mL of starch solution to both test tubes. Observe and record only any
color changes observed.
(Example of Color Change Observation: yellow solution  orange solution)
Test Tube No. Observation
1
2
 LICEO DE CAGAYAN UNIVERSITY
Rodolfo N. Pelaez Boulevard, Kauswagan, Cagayan de Oro City
COLLEGE OF PHARMACY
2. In two separate test tubes, place each tube 2mL of K 2Cr2O7. To the first test tube, add 2mL of H 2SO4
and 2mL ethanol. To test tube 2, add 2mL of 6M NaOH. Observe and record only any color changes
observed.
(Example of Color Change Observation: yellow solution  orange solution)
Test Tube No. Observation
1
2

B. Formation of Gas
1. In a test tube, place a pinch of iodine crystals. Heat the test tube under alcohol lamp until the crystal
is completely vaporized. Observe the fumes produced. Add 5 drops of water and 2 drops of starch
solution. Observe the color of solution.
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2. In a test tube containing 2mL of dilute HCl, drop a piece of Zn metal. Note the formation of bubbles.
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C. Formation of a solid (precipitate)

1. In an evaporating dish, place 1mL of saturated NaCl solution. Heat the solution to dryness. Observe
the solid, crystal formed.
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2. Place 2mL of K2CrO4 in a test tube. Add BaCl2 solution. Record your observation in the reaction.
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D. Disappearance of a Solid
1. Heat a small piece of naphthalene. Observe.
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E. Evolution or Absorption of Heat

1. In a test tube containing 5mL of water, add 1gram of NaOH pellets. Touch the bottom part of the
test tube and note the change in temperature.
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2. In a test tube containing 5mL of water, add 1gram NH 4Cl. Touch the bottom part of the test tube and
note the change in temperature.
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DATA & RESULTS

 LICEO DE CAGAYAN UNIVERSITY
Rodolfo N. Pelaez Boulevard, Kauswagan, Cagayan de Oro City
COLLEGE OF PHARMACY
1. In each of the reactions in the above procedures, was there a new substance formed? Is the reaction
a physical change or chemical change? Supply your answers in the table below.
NOTE: For the table below, you need to do a research to know the new substances formed
whenever a chemical reaction happened in the above procedures. For physical change, no new
substance is formed.

Object Substance Formed Change

Change in Color
1. Iodine + CCl4 + starch (Example): Iodine-starch Complex
Iodine + starch
2. K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 + NaOH (Example): Ethanoic Acid or Acetic Acid
K2Cr2O7 + NaOH
Formation of Gas
1. Heated I2 + water + starch
2. Zn + HCl

Formation of a Solid
1. Heated NaCl solution
2. K2CrO4 + BaCl2

Disappearance of a solid
1. Heated naphthalene

Evolution or Absorption of Heat

1. NaOH pellets + water
2. NH4Cl + water

CONCLUSIONS:

QUESTIONS
 LICEO DE CAGAYAN UNIVERSITY
Rodolfo N. Pelaez Boulevard, Kauswagan, Cagayan de Oro City
COLLEGE OF PHARMACY
1. How can the physical and chemical properties of substances be used in identification of substances?
Give examples.

2. Classify the following as physical or chemical changes.

a. Soda bottle fizzes when you open it -
b. Hair curls as a result of a perm -
c. Holes appear in a worn-out shoe sole -
d. Melting paraffin -
e. Decaying of food -

3. Describe five (5) chemical changes you observe every day.