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316 ¤ CHAPTER 13 VECTOR FUNCTIONS

16. The projection of the curve onto the {|-plane is given by r(w) = hw> w> 0i whose graph is the line | = {, } = 0.

The projection onto the {}-plane is r(w) = w> 0> w2 whose graph is the parabola } = {2 , | = 0.

The projection onto the |}-plane is r(w) = 0> w> w2 whose graph is the parabola } = | 2 , { = 0.

{|-plane {}-plane |}-plane

From the projection onto the {|-plane we see that the curve lies on the vertical
plane | = {. The other two projections show that the curve is a parabola contained
in this plane.

17. Taking r0 = h2> 0> 0i and r1 = h6> 2> 32i, we have from Equation 12.5.4
r(w) = (1 3 w) r0 + w r1 = (1 3 w) h2> 0> 0i + w h6> 2> 32i, 0 $ w $ 1 or r(w) = h2 + 4w> 2w> 32wi, 0 $ w $ 1.
Parametric equations are { = 2 + 4w, | = 2w, } = 32w, 0 $ w $ 1.

18. Taking r0 = h31> 2> 32i and r1 = h33> 5> 1i, we have from Equation 12.5.4
r(w) = (1 3 w) r0 + w r1 = (1 3 w) h31> 2> 32i + w h33> 5> 1i, 0 $ w $ 1 or r(w) = h31 3 2w> 2 + 3w> 32 + 3wi, 0 $ w $ 1.
Parametric equations are { = 31 3 2w, | = 2 + 3w, } = 32 + 3w, 0 $ w $ 1.
 1
19. Taking r0 = h0> 31> 1i and r1 = > 13 > 14 , we have
2
 
r(w) = (1 3 w) r0 + w r1 = (1 3 w) h0> 31> 1i + w 12 > 13 > 14 , 0 $ w $ 1 or r(w) = 12 w> 31 + 43 w> 1 3 34 w , 0 $ w $ 1.

Parametric equations are { = 12 w, | = 31 + 43 w, } = 1 3 34 w, 0 $ w $ 1.

20. Taking r0 = hd> e> fi and r1 = hx> y> zi, we have

r(w) = (1 3 w) r0 + w r1 = (1 3 w) hd> e> fi + w hx> y> zi, 0 $ w $ 1 or r(w) = hd + (x 3 d)w> e + (y 3 e)w> f + (z 3 f)wi,
0 $ w $ 1. Parametric equations are { = d + (x 3 d)w, | = e + (y 3 e)w, } = f + (z 3 f)w, 0 $ w $ 1.

21. { = w cos w, | = w, } = w sin w, w D 0. At any point ({> |> }) on the curve, {2 + } 2 = w2 cos2 w + w2 sin2 w = w2 = | 2 so the
curve lies on the circular cone {2 + } 2 = | 2 with axis the |-axis. Also notice that | D 0; the graph is II.

22. { = cos w, | = sin w, } = 1@(1 + w2 ). At any point on the curve we have {2 + | 2 = cos2 w + sin2 w = 1, so the curve lies
on a circular cylinder {2 + | 2 = 1 with axis the }-axis. Notice that 0 ? } $ 1 and } = 1 only for w = 0. A point ({> |> }) on

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SECTION 13.1 VECTOR FUNCTIONS AND SPACE CURVES ¤ 317

the curve lies directly above the point ({> |> 0), which moves counterclockwise around the unit circle in the {|-plane as w
increases, and } < 0 as w < ±". The graph must be VI.

23. { = w, | = 1@(1 + w2 ), } = w2 . At any point on the curve we have } = {2 , so the curve lies on a parabolic cylinder parallel
to the |-axis. Notice that 0 ? | $ 1 and } D 0. Also the curve passes through (0> 1> 0) when w = 0 and | < 0, } < " as
w < ±", so the graph must be V.

24. { = cos w, | = sin w, } = cos 2w. {2 + | 2 = cos2 w + sin2 w = 1, so the curve lies on a circular cylinder with axis the
}-axis. A point ({> |> }) on the curve lies directly above or below ({> |> 0), which moves around the unit circle in the {|-plane
with period 2. At the same time, the }-value of the point ({> |> }) oscillates with a period of . So the curve repeats itself and
the graph is I.

25. { = cos 8w, | = sin 8w, } = h0=8w , w D 0. {2 + | 2 = cos2 8w + sin2 8w = 1, so the curve lies on a circular cylinder with
axis the }-axis. A point ({> |> }) on the curve lies directly above the point ({> |> 0), which moves counterclockwise around the
unit circle in the {|-plane as w increases. The curve starts at (1> 0> 1), when w = 0, and } < " (at an increasing rate) as
w < ", so the graph is IV.

26. { = cos2 w, | = sin2 w, } = w. { + | = cos2 w + sin2 w = 1, so the curve lies in the vertical plane { + | = 1.
{ and | are periodic, both with period , and } increases as w increases, so the graph is III.

27. If { = w cos w, | = w sin w, } = w, then {2 + | 2 = w2 cos2 w + w2 sin2 w = w2 = } 2 ,

so the curve lies on the cone } 2 = {2 + | 2 . Since } = w, the curve is a spiral on

this cone.

28. Here {2 = sin2 w = } and {2 + | 2 = sin2 w + cos2 w = 1, so the

curve is contained in the intersection of the parabolic cylinder

} = {2 with the circular cylinder {2 + | 2 = 1. We get the complete

intersection for 0 $ w $ 2.

29. Parametric equations for the curve are { = w, | = 0, } = 2w 3 w2 . Substituting into the equation of the paraboloid

gives 2w 3 w2 = w2 i 2w = 2w2 i w = 0, 1. Since r(0) = 0 and r(1) = i + k, the points of intersection

are (0> 0> 0) and (1> 0> 1).

30. Parametric equations for the helix are { = sin w, | = cos w, } = w. Substituting into the equation of the sphere gives

sin2 w + cos2 w + w2 = 5 i 1 + w2 = 5 i w = ±2. Since r(2) = hsin 2> cos 2> 2i and
r(32) = hsin(32)> cos(32)> 32i, the points of intersection are (sin 2> cos 2> 2) E (0=909> 30=416> 2) and
(sin(32)> cos(32)> 32) E (30=909> 30=416> 32).

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