PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT NOTES

KNOWING THYSELF
Personal Development may be defined as the process in which person reflect upon themselves,
understand who they are, Accept what they discover about themselves, and learn (unlearn) new set of value, attitudes,
behaviour and thinking skill to reach their fullest potential as human beings.

Personal Development is the process of striving be the best that you can be in order to reach and realize
your full potential. It is a journey of self-discovery, self-improvement and self-realization.

Personal Development includes activities that improve awareness and identity, develop talents and
potential, build human capital and facilitate employability, enhance quality of life and contribute to the realization of
dreams and aspirations.

4 MAJOR PERSONALITY PERSPECTIVE

1. PSYCHOANALYTIC PERSPECTIVE
- Emphasizes the importance of early childhood experiences and the unconscious mind.
- it was created by psychiatrist Sigmund Fraud

A. Sigmund Fraud - Stressed the importance of early childhood events

- The influence of the unconscious
- Sexual instincts in the development and formation of personality
B. Erik Erikson - Emphasized the social elements of personality.
- Identify crisis.
- How personality is shaped over the course of the entire lifespan.
C. Carl Jung – Focused on concepts such as the collective unconscious, archetypes and psychological
types.
D. Alfred Adler – Believe the core motive behind personality involves riving for superiority or the desire
to overcome challenges and move closer toward self-realization.
E. Karen Homey – Focused on the need to overcome basic anxiety
- the sense of being isolated and alone in the world.
- She emphasized the societal and cultural factors that also play a role in personality,
importance of the parent-child relationship.
2. Humanistic Perspective
- Focuses on psychological growth, free will, personal awareness
- More on positive outlook on human nature and how each person achieve their individual
potential.

A. Carl Rogers – Believed in the inherent goodness of the people and Emphasized the importance of free
will and psychological growth.
- the actualizing tendency is the driving force behind human behavior.
 B. Abraham Maslow – People are motivated by a hierarchy of needs for life like food and water, but as
people move up the hierarchy needs become centered on things such as self-esteem and self-
actualization.

3. Trait Perspective - is a centered on identifying, describing, and measuring the specific trait that make up
human personality. By understanding these traits, researchers believe they can be better comprehend the
differences between individuals.

A. Hans Eysenck - that there are 3ndimensions of personality: 1) extraversion-introversion, 2)

emotional stability-neuroticism, 3) psychoticism.
B. Raymound Cattel – identified 16 personality traits that he believed could be utilized to understand
and measure individual differences in personality.
C. Robert McCrea and Paul Costa – introduced the big five theory: 1) extraversion, 2) neuroticism,
3) openness to experience, 4) conscientiousness, 5) agreeableness.

4. Social Cognitive Perspective – emphasized the importance of observational learning, self-efficacy, situational
influence, and cognitive processes.

A. Albert Bandura – emphasized the importance of social learning, or learning through observation.
His theory emphasized the role of conscious thoughts including self-efficacy, or our own belief in our
abilities.

Holistic development
Is a process of a self actualization and learning that combines an individual’s mental, physical, social, emotional,
and spiritual growth. The term can be used to describe forms of alternative education that are based on humanistic and
democratic outlooks.

1. Physical Development - Refers to the physical changes in the body, senses and skill related to movement.
Also the process of physical growth which is (height, weight, length etc.) of an individual.
2. Cognitive development – refers to a person’s intellectual abilities as shown to his/her attitude, thoughts, belief
and values; one’s mental abilities which affects decision making, remembering details and problem solving.
3. Emotional Development - refers to the ability to recognize, express, and manage feelings at different stages
of life and to have empathy for the feelings of others. These includes positive and negative emotions, largely
affected by relationship with parents, siblings and peers.
4. Social Development – refers to how people develop social skills across the lifespan, with particular attention
to childhood and adolescence. Healthy social development allows us to form a positive relationship with friends,
family, teachers and other people in our lives. It can effect child’s personality, opportunities they have on social
interaction, behavior learns from parents and development disorder. (ex. A child who has a short temper, who
witnesses violence at home.)
5. Spiritual development – is defined as discovering oneself beyond the ego known as soul, spirit or the “inner
essence” that is often disregarded or taken for granted.
 DEVELOPMENT TASK OF AN ADOLESCENT

TASK 1: ADJUST TO SEXUALLY MATURING BODIES AND FEELINGS - Accepts Body as it is and make the most out of the
body you have.

 Be aware of bodily changes

 Manage your sexual feelings
 Establish a sexual identity(Male or Female)

TASK 2: DEVELOP AND APPLY ABSTRACT THINKING SKILLS

 Coordinate abstract ideas

 Make a plan
 Formulate one’s philosophies

TASK 3: DEVELOP AND APPLY A NEW PERSPECTIVE ON HUMAN RELATIONSHIP

 Practice mercy and compassion

 Have the capacity to empathize
 Resolve conflict in a relationship

TASK 4: DEVELOP AND APPLY NEW COPING SKILLS IN AREAS SUCH AS DECISION-MAKING , PROBLEM SOLVING AND
CONFLICT RESOLUTION.

 Be able to have moral judgment

 Practice essence of justice
 Have faith that can move mountain

TASK 6: UNDERSTAND AND EXPRESS, MORE COMPLEX EMOTIONAL EXPERIENCES

 Be able to compartmentalized emotion

 Sensitive to the emotions of others
 Practice self control

TASK 7: FORM FRIENDSHIP THAT ARE MUTUALLY CLOSE AND SUPPORTIVE

 Choose a friend wisely

 Learn how to respect, trust and love friends

TASK 8: ESTABLISH KEY ASPECT IDENTITY

 Recognize oneself as a unique individual

 Be able to have self-identity and self-esteem

TASK 9: MEEET THE DEMANDS OF INCREASINGLY MATURE ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

 Select and prepare for a career

 Do not be childish
TASK 10: RENEGOTIATE ELATIONSHIP WITH ADULTS IN PARENTING ROLES – Become emotionally independent from
parents and other adults.

 Have a career plan

 Be able to live-up to the expectation of the family
 Volunteer for the betterment of a community

CHALLENGES THAT ADOLESCENT FACES IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

1. ISSUE ON SEXUALITY
2. ACADEMIC CONCERNS
3. GROUP BELONGINGSNESS
4. PROPER HEALTH AND NUTRITION
5. SELF-ESTEEM DEVELOPMENT
6. ROLE CONFUSION
7. PARENTAL ABSENTEEISM
8. CAREER CHOICE
9. MAINTAIN RELATIONSHIP
10. UNCERTAIN VALUES AND BELIEF

WHAT ARE THE USUAL STRESSOR OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT LIKE YOU?

1. SCHOOL DEMANDS AND EXPECTATION

2. SELECTING A SCHOOL COLLEGE COURSE OR CAREER
3. SEPERATION ANXIETY
4. COLLEGE LIFE
5. FAMILY DEMANDS AND EXPECTATION
6. HEALTH CONCERNS
7. DEMANDS OF SOCIAL LIFE
8. BULLYING
9. ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIP OR LACK OF IT