Introduction to First Aid.

Is the process of initial care for an illness

and injury. It is usually performed by a
non-expert, but trainedpersonnel to a sick
or injured person until definitive medical
treatment can be accessed. Certain self-
limiting illness or minor injuries may not
require further medical care past first aid
intervention. It is generally consist of a
series of simple and in some cases
potentially life–saving techniques that an
individual can be train to perform with
minimal equipment
Definition of First Aid Officer
A first officer is a person who has a minimal
training to render assistance to an injured
individual until he/she reaches professional
medical care.
Seven roles of an first aid officer
1) Prevents situation from worsening
2) Preserves life
3) Promotes recovery
4) Act safely promptly and effectively
when an emergency occurs
5) Administer cardio-pulmonary
resuscitation promptly and effectively
6) Administer first aid safely to
causality who is unconscious
7) Recognize major illness and then take
appropriate action
First Aider duties/responsibilities
1) As a first officer you are expected to
respond to first aid emergencies within
limit of your training
2) Render appropriate first aid and CPR
until transportation of causality to further
medical care if necessary
3) Discharge treatment without
endangering the life or health of the
causality or first aid officer
Qualities of a first aid officer
1) Prompt and quick – as soon as an
accident or injury occurs the first aider
should be prompt and quick to render
help to the victim without delay.
2) Calm and control- he should be a
calm and controlled sort of
 personbecause he has to take immediate
action without fuss or panic.
3) Wise and intelligent- he should be
intelligent and wise enough to decide
the immediate treatment and even
before an complete diagnosis
especially in the case of serious injury
and excessive bleeding
4) Resourceful- he should be
resourceful enough to have his first
aid materials at once in order to get
the required things on the spot for
giving immediate relief to the victim
5) Sympathetic- the first aider should
use sweet and encouraging words to
lessen victim distress, he should be able
to allay the victim fears with sympathy
 6) Confidence and perseverance-the first
aider should have full faith in his
situation demands, even if there is no
response initially.
Training of a first aid officer
1) They should develop head on skills
through the use of mannequins and
trainee partner during their training
2) Trainees should be exposed to acute
injury and illness settings as well as the
appropriate response to those setting
through the use of visual aid such as
video tapes and slides
3) Training should include a course
work book which discuss first aid
principles and response setting that
requires intervention
 4) Training duration should allow
enough time for particular emphasis on
situation likely to be encounter in a
particular work place

DEFINITION OF First aid

Is the emergency aid or treatment given
to someone injured or suddenly ill before
medical services arrives or can be
administered.

Aims of first aid

1) To preserve life
2) To alleviate suffering
3) To promote recovery
 4) To prevent aggravation of injury or
illness until veterinary assistance can be
obtain
State an explain the three Cs of first aid
1) Check- the scene is it safe for you to
approach, also see how many victims
there are and look for bystanders who
can assist .(b) the victim: is the victim
conscious, if yes obtain consent from
victim before administer care, if consent
is not given still call for medical
emergency but don’t provide care.
When a victim is unconscious or unable
to give consent , consent is applied.
2) Call-call for assistance from nearby
emergency medical center or any other
health facility in proximity with mobile
emergency.
 3) Care-for life threatening condition
until the first response arrive
a) Airway- is the victim airway open
b) Breathing- look , listen and feel for
breath
c) Circulation- check for signs of
circulation(either listen for heart beat
or radial pulsation if present or absent)
Definition of dressing
Dressing is of any material used to covered
and protects an open wound. For example to
prevent wound from bleeding excessively by
applying pressure and cover wound from
contaminated material to prevent bacterial
infection.
Five common wound dressing
1) Absorptive
 2) Foams
3) Gauze(woven)
4) Hyrocolloids
5) Hyrogel

Steps and procedures of

cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is lifesaving
which is to be administered on a person
suffering from cardiac and respiratory
arrest.
Steps involving in performing CPR.
Step #1 give chest compression start with
chest compression in order to restore blood
flow of the person. For this kneel aside of
the person and place the heel of your hand in
themiddle of the chest between the nipples.

Then put another hand on top of the first two

fingers interlacing each other, when hand is
position perfectly, gently compress the chest
of the victim.
Step#2 clear the air way of the person to
achieve this put your arm on the forehead
and carefully fit the head back gently and
lift forward with the other hand and try to
feel the person breath in your ear and cheek
also look for chest movement
Step#3 give rescue breath if a person is not
breathing properly pinch the nostril and seal
his/her mouth with yours and give mouth
to mouth respiration, in case the chest
doesn’t rise after giving first rescue breath
step should be repeated and clear airway
until patient give chest rise. Step should be
complete until victim is resuscitate (regain
conscious)
 APPENDIX
ACCIDENT REPORT:
NAME OF CASUALITY: SACHIN
TENDULKAR
GENDER: MALE
AGE: 32(THIRTY TWO)
DATE OF BIRTH: 24thDECEMBER ,
1981.
TIME OF ACCIDENT: 1:15 PM
DATE OF ACCIDENT: 15th JULY 2012.
LOCATION OF ACCIDENT: QUEEN’S
PARK OVAL ,CRICKET VENUE.
DESCRIPTION OF INJURY: Sachin
Tendulkar, after playing the flicked shot
sustained a sprained leftankle , he slipped
whilst attempting a second run at the non-
striker’s end of the pitch.
ACTION TAKEN BY FIRST AID
OFFICER: firstly the first aid officer
examined the situation, observed the injured
ankle and applied a cold water soaked
bandage .since it was an outdoor injury the
bandage was applied on the casuality’s
footwear around the injure region. The
officer also treated the injury as a fracture
because injure to the bone in the region of
the joint may occur at the same time. The
first aid officer comfortably aided the
casuality off the field.

WITNESS
NAME :umpire Billy Bowden
ADDRESS:25 Greenwich park south
Austraila.

SUGGESTIONs: - players should be more

careful when running between the wickets.
-should wear proper gears,example
footwear(pegboots).
-the game should be played under suitable
conditions, not slippery or wet conditions
that will cause good gears to malfunction.

FIRST AID OFFICER:

NAME:Omkar Manohar

ADDRESS:lot 11 Golden Fleece Estate.

Signature: _____________________.
NAME OF STUDENT:OMKAR MANOHAR
CANDIDATE NUMBER:090067
CENTRE NAME: ABRAM ZUIL SECONDARY SCHOOL.

CENTRE NUMBER: 090067

TERRITORY: GUYANA

SUBJECT:PHYSICAL EDUACATION AND SPORTS

TEACHER:D. TAPPIN

NAME OF SBA- FIRST AID

TABLE OF CONTENTS
TOPIC
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
 INTRODUCTION
  DEFINITION OF A FIRST AID OFFICER
 DIAGRAMS OF A FIRST AID OFFICER
 ROLES OF A FIRST AID OFFICER
 DUTIES AND RESPONSIBLITIES OF A FIRST AID
OFFICER
 QUALITIES OF A FIRST AID OFFICER
 TRAINING OF A FIRST AID OFFICER
 DEFINITION OF FIRST AID
 AIMS OF FIRST AID
 STATE THE THREE C’S OF FIRST AID
 DIAGRAM OF A FIRST AID KIT
 DRESSING
 INJURIES AND THEIR TREATMENT
 HOW TO CARRY OUT CARDIOPULMONARY
RESUSCITATION
 APPENDIX
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
the researcher would like to thank everyone who aided in the
successful completion this sba, especially the following
persons;
-dr.yageshsasenarine
-ms.Donettetappin.
DIAGRAMS OF FIRST AID OFFICER
DIAGRAM OF A FIRST AID KIT WITH CONTENTS.
INJURIES AND THEIR TREATMEnt
1.bruises:apply Vaseline or antibacterial ointment and cover
with bandage
2.sprains:apply cold compress and administer analgesics
3.laceration:apply pressure with bandage to arrest retard
bleeding and administer pain reliever
4.fractures:avoid movement, immobilise affected area until
secondary cure, apply cold compress
5.intrecostal muscles spasm: avoid strenuous activity with rest and
administer oral analgesics(pain reliever)

6 .joint dislocation : avoid moving the affected joint (immobilise,

administer oral pain reliever)

7. lower back pain: avoid mobility ,administer cold or heat therapy

with necessary pain reliever.

8. head injury: maintain patient in orientation ,check for cuts and if

evident apply bandage to slow bleeding.

9. muscle tear: avoid mobility , if wound is visible apply suture ,either

internal or external to arrest bleeding ,administer the antibacterial agents.

10. strains: rest and apply cold compress( analgesics)

Bibliography
The researcher, to make this SBA a success elicited
information and diagrams from the following resources:
  The internet
 A first course in medics. By Alex Hales.
 Typical science By Mike Ludeman.

TASK ONE: STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

-WHAT ARE THE MAJOR CAUSES OF SUICIDE IN GOLDEN

FLEECE?
TASK TWO: REASONS FOR SELECTING THE AREA OF
RESEARCH.
-the researcher chose this area to study because;
-to learn more on the impacts (consequences), causes and solutions of
suicide and how thevictim’s in the village, thatis their family members
-Because of the following reasons; major depressive disorders,
psychiatric disorder, alcohol or substance abuse, schizophrenia and
domestic violence. (Along with young marriages, teenage pregnancy,
domestic violence and spouses infidelity and are all prevalent in
Golden Fleece; these factors will enhance apt results.) These are all
major links in suicidal cases hence this area of researcher was chosen.
-to develop or to implement a strategy to help teenagers and families
with the suicidal (deceased families), experiences.
 TASK THREE: METHOD OF INVESTIGATION

The researcher with the use of a quick and reliable method, a

questionnaire; conducted the survey. This method was chosen mainly
because:
-a questionnaire makes work easier.
-it’s very effective .
-it’s very confidential that is respondents don’t have to expose their
names and identity to anyone.
-it is a very fast method of obtaining information.
 TASK FOUR: INSTRUMENT USED TO COLLECT DATA
LETTER TO VILLAGE
Golden Fleece,
Essequibo Coast.
4th November, 2012.
Dear sincere villagers,
I am currently, a student of AbramZuil Secondary school, form five
science enrolling for CSEC in 2013. I am carrying out a survey on
“suicide”, to find out the causes, consequences the age group which
entails the highest suicide rate and solutions to stop or diminish suicide
and more so importantlyto complete this social studies school based
assessment in order to be an apt applicant for CSEC 2013.
I am kindly asking for your usual co-operation in completing this
questionnaire, you are thereby advised to answer the questions honestly
as your information will be safe guarded, that I assure you, and no
answer is incorrect .there will be specific instructions to guide you in
completing this questionnaire.
Thank you for your co-operation as usual.
Yours truly,

OMKAR MANOHAR
A science student.

QUESTIONNAIRE
PLEASE COMPLETE BY PLACING A TICK WHERE
NECESSARY.

1) What isyour gender?

MALE FEMALE
2) What is your age range?
14-18 yrs. 19-25 yrs. 26-30yrs 31 and
Over

3) What is your ethnicity?

AFRICAN EAST AMERINDIAN CHINESE

INDIAN

PORTUGUESE MIXED ETHNICITY

4) What is your religion?

HINDUISM CHRISTIANITY ISLAMIC

5) What is your marital status?

SINGLE MARRIED DIVORCED WIDOWED

6) How long have you been living in this village?

SINCE BIRTH 5 TO 9 YRS 10 TO 14 YRS 15 TO19 YRS

20 YRS AND OVER

7) What do you think is the main cause of suicide?

MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER PSYCHIATRIC DISORDER

ALCOHOL OR SUBSTANCE ABUSE SCHIZOPHRENIA AND DOMESTIC

VIOLENCE

8) Which age group, suicide is more; vulnerable at an average

rate and or least?

I) VULNERABLE:

14-18YRS 19-25YRS OTHERS

II) AT AN AVERAGE RATE:

14-18YRS 19-25YRS OTHERS

III) LEAST:
14-18YRS 19-25YRS OTHERS

PLEASECOMPLETE BY STATING APT

INFORMATION WHERE NECESSARY
9) What is your occupation?

10) Do you think that Golden Fleeceis the apt area forthis survey?
Please state why?

11) Kindly state four ways in which the Minister of Home

Affairs can reduce or solve the major causes?
12) Has anyone in your family committed suicide or tried to
commit suicide? If so please state the reason(s) why they did so
and please state four consequences of their act?
TASK FIVE :PROCEDURES USED TO COLLECT DATA

In residing village Golden Fleece, there are approximately one

hundred and twenty households(120) .In order to elicit accurate
results or findings on the given topic, 50% of households are
essential to evaluate the causes, solution, consequence and prevalent
age range of suicide.(50% of 120 =60 households)

A sum of 65 questionnaires with 12 questions each, were prepared,

printed and distributed to the households. The researcher received 50
questionnaires with information, 2weeks after the distribution date
: method “random selection”, meant that the researcher simply note
down the household numbers (120) on a piece of paper, cut the
papers evenly and placed them in a box. The box was
thoroughly shaken for 2 minutes and the contents were mixed; then
at every interval(2 minutes), 20 household number s. were plucked
out; this process was reiterated twice to elicit 60 household
numbers. The numbers (owners or occupants) were then recorded to
receive questionnaires.
The researcher distributed the questionnaires and persons that
were not home a note was attached and placed in their mailbox
to complete and return to the address given

The age range that was targeted by the researcher was 14 to 25

because in Golden Fleece the researcher observed that the causes
of suicide is much more prevalent in this age range. It was
observed that out of the 50 questionnaires that were returned 20 were
males and 30 were females.
The above information based when converted as a percentage
can be shown as:
MALES 20/50 X 100/1 =40%
FEMALES 30/50 X 100/1 =60%

The said figure when taken ratio is 40/60 =4/6 =2/3 =2:3.
 TASK SIX: PRESENTATION OF DATA
TABLE 1 IS SHOWING THE CAUSES OF SUICIDE

CAUSES TALLY FREQUENC PERCENTAG

Y E
MAJOR IIII 5 10%
DEPRESSIVE
DISORDER
PSYCHIATRIC IIII 5 10%
DISORDER
ALCOHOL OR IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 30 60%
SUBSTANCE I
ABUSE
SCHIZOPHRENI IIIIIIII 10 20%
A AND
DOMESTIC
VIOLENCE

TOTAL 50 50 100%
 FIGURE 1
25

20
20

15
15

10
10

5
5

HISTOGRAM SHOWING THECAUSES OF SUICIDEIN

GOLDEN FLEECE
FREQUE-NCY

MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER-BLUECAUSES OF SUICIDE

PSYCHIATRIC DISODER-RED

ALCOHOL OR SUBSTANCE ABUSE-GREEN

SCHIZOPHRENIA AND DOMESTIC VIOLENCE-PURPLE

TABLE 2 SHOWING THE CONSEQUENCES OF SUICIDE IN

GOLDEN FLEECE
CONSEQUENCES TALLY FREQUENCY PRERCENTAGE
NEGLECTION BY IIIIIIIIIII 15 30%
SOCIETY AND I
FAMILY MEMBERS
DESTROYED IIIIIIIIIII 25 50%
HOMES(OFFSPRIN- IIIIIIIII
GS BECOME
ORPHANS)
STIGMATISED IIIIIIII 10 20%
FAMILY

TOTAL 50 50 100%
FIGURE 2
BARGRAPH SHOWING THE CONSEQUENCES OF SUICIDE IN
GOLDEN FLEECE
 25
25

20

15
15

FREQUENCY
10
10
NEGLECTION BY
SOCIETY AND FAMILY
MEMBERS-15

5 DESTROYED
HOMES (OFFSPRINGS
BECOME ORPHANS)-25

0 STIGMATISED
Catego... Catego... Catego... Catego... FAMILY-10

CONSEQUENCES OF SUICIDE

TABLE 3 SHOWING THE SOLUTIONS TO SUICIDE IN

GOLDEN FLEECE

SOLUTIONS TALLY FREQUENC PRECENTAG DEGRE

Y E E
COUSELING IIIIIIIIIIIIIII 20 40% 1440
I
EMPLOYMEN- IIIIIIIIIIII 15 30% 1080
T AND
RECREATION
A-L
FACILITIES
IMPROVED
OR
INCREASED
ANTI- IIII 5 10% 360
DEPRESSANTS
BAN OF IIIIIIII 10 20% 720
ALCOHOL
AND DRUGS
TOTAL 50 50 100% 3600

FIGURE 3
PIECHART SHOWING THE SOLUTIONS TO SUICIDE IN
GOLDEN FLEECE

72

144

36

108

 1ST PORTION BLUE- COUNSELLING

 2nd PORTION YELLOW -EMPLOYMENT AND RECREATIONAL
FACILITIES IMPROVED OR INCREASED
 3RD PORTION GREEN-ANTI -DEPRESSANTS
 4TH PORTION PURPLE- BAN OF DRUGS AND ALCOHOL
TASK SEVEN: ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
FIGURE 1:
According to figure one, the histogram illustrates some of the causes of suicide on
people. It was observed that alcohol or substance abuse accounts for the major
cause of suicide , the most significant one and it represented 60%.This was
followed by schizophrenia and domestic violence which accounted for 20%.
Major depressive disorder and psychiatric disorder both accounted for 10% each
and both catered for the same frequency. This clearly depicts that the causes of
suicide in my village varies and that there is no fixed factor and,they lead into the
otheron, a general note. Alcohol and substance abuse contributed significantly to
the high suicide rate in Golden Fleece.

FIGURE 2:
The bar graph illustrates the consequences that suicide has on people in my village.
From the data it can be observed that suicide destroyed 25 homes, making many
orphans this catered for 50%.To add, to it due suicide 15 families were neglected
,for their friends or family member(s) act and 10 families were stigmatised due to
the same reasons, they accounted for 15% and 10% respectively. It can clearly be
interpreted that suicide destroys many homes leaving many homeless as well.

FIGURE 3

The pie chart clearly portrays or exhibits the solutions to suicide in my village. It
can be interpreted that suicide can be conquered by the banning of alcohol and
drugs, by using anti-depressants, by recreation, creating more job opportunities and
by counselling. It can be seen that 24%, accounts for the banning of alcohol,
30%,catered for creating new jobs and by recreation(improving or increasing
facilities),and by using anti-depressants and by counselling suicide ,18% and 24%
respectively suicide can be conquered.
TASK EIGHT: STATEMENT OF FINDINGS

 Alcohol or substance abuse (alcoholics) accounted for the leading cause

of suicide.(FIG .1)
 The consequence of suicide; families being stigmatised accounted for the
least.(frequency)(FIG. 2)
 Banning of alcohol and drugs accounted for the intermediate portion of
solution in Golden Fleece.(FIG.3)
 According to the data, females are more vulnerable to commit suicide than
males.
TASK NINE: RECOMMENDATIONS& IMPLEMENTATIONS

 Residents in Golden Fleece or any other village, especially

religious functional movements should encourage people in their
respective category to get themselves involved in religious and
moral activities, along with progress in the educational and
recreational sector by the government. Residents should form
scout groups and express and exchange information and ideas that
are useful and beneficial to families .(victim)

 More and new job opportunities should be made available

countrywide by the government and along with the banning of
alcohol and drugs. Counselling centres should also be established
and monitored efficiently by the government.

 Young people in general should learn about the impact of suicides

and be aware and alerted about the causes of suicides and they
should abstain from them by living a HEALTHY LIFESTYLE.

 ‘Society’ should try to help families of victim’s than neglecting or

criticizing them, for their deceased action. Society should accept
them by guiding and socialising with them.
 APPENDIX
A COMPLETED QUESTIONNAIRE

1) What is your gender?

MALE FEMALE

2) What is your age range?

14-18yrs 19-25yrs 26-30yrs 31 and over

3) What is your ethnicity?

 AFRICAN EAST INDIAN AMERINIAN PORTUGUESE MIXED ETHNICITY

4)What is your religion?

HINDUISM CHRISTIANITY ISLAMIC

6) What is your marital status?

SINGLE MARRIED DIVORCED WIDOWED

6) How long have you been living in this village?

SINCE BIRTH 5-9 YRS 10-14 YRS 15-19YRS

20-YRS AND OVER

7) What do you think is the main cause of suicide?

MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER PSYCHIATRIC DISORDER ALCOHOL OR SUBSTANCE ABUSE

SCHIZOPHRENIA AND DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

8) Which age group, suicide is more;vulnerable, at an average rate

and or least?
I) Vulnerable:

14-18 yrs. 19-25yrs. Others

At an average rate:

14-18yrs 19-25yrs OTHERS

III) Least:

14-18yrs 19-25 yrs others

9) What is your occupation?

TEACHER

10) Do you think that Golden Fleece is the apt area for this survey?
If so, please state why?
YES - BECAUSE ALL THE LEADING CAUSES OF SUICIDE ARE PRESENT IN THIS VILLAGE

11) Kindly, state four ways in which the Minister of Home Affairs and
other people can reduce or solve the major causes of suicide?
1-COUNSELLING

2-MORE EMPLOYMENT AND RECREATIONAL FACILITIES

3-BAN OF ALCOHOL AND DRUGS

4-TREATING DEPRESSIVE AND PSYCHIATRIC DISORDER,AND SCHIZOPHRENIACOUNTRYWIDE

12) Has anyone in your family ever committed suicide or tried to

commit suicide ? If so please the reason(s) why they did so? And state
three consequences of their act?

YES- DUE TO INTOXICATION OF ALCOHOL AND DRUGS

1-FAMILY WAS STIGMATISED, 2- HOME WAS DESTROYED (CHILD BECAME ORPHAN) 3-FAMILY WAS
NEGLECTED

AGRICULTURE SBA
PART THREE
RESEARCH PROJECT

NAME OF STUDENT: OMKAR MANOHAR JR.

CLASS: 11 SCIENCE
SUBJECT:AGRICULTURE SCIENCE (D/A)
 CONTENTS
ITEM PAGE

TITLE OF PROJECT 1
ABSTRACT2
LITERATURE REVIEW 3
METHODOLOGY 4
RESULTS AND OBSERVATIONS 5,6,7
DATA ANALYSIS 8
DISCUSSION 9
CONCLUSION 10
RECOMMENDATIONS 11
BIBLIOGRAPHY 12
TITLE OF PROJECT
 1

ABSTRACT

This project was carried out at A.Z.S.S; basically the aim of this
exercise is to determine the cultivation of eschallot using two ridges or
plots (A&B), with inorganic fertiliser and no fertiliser respectively .This
project was carried out by all the students, who were involved in the
SBA completion.
 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

During this project, to enhance eschallot growth on plot A,

fertiliser was optimised. A Fertiliser is any substance or any kind of
nutrients when added to the soil increases it’s richness or fertility.
Basically there are two types of fertiliser, inorganic and organic.
Inorganic fertilisers are fertilisers that are manufactured chemically or
industrially by mixtures of chemicals. These fertilisers exist in many
forms such liquid, powder, granules, crystals and pellets e.g. (NH4)2SO4,
N.P.K. N.P.K was applied on plot A to improve the quality and
quantity. Inorganic fertilisers can be found in two groups, simple
fertilisers- these contain only one vital nutrients e.g. urea. Compound
fertilisers-these contain a mixture of chemicals that supplies more than
one vital nutrients e.g. N.P.K. Inorganic fertiliser was applied on a
weekly basis to plot a by the row-placement method.
On the other hand, Organic fertiliser-consists of remains of plants and
animals. Organic fertilisers exist in many forms, such as solid,
dung,liquid,organic fertilisers are readily available.
Plot A, was fed with inorganic fertiliser while plot B was left to grow
naturally.
 3

METHODOLOGY

MATERIALS-fertiliser (N.P.K), fork, shovel, cutlass, shade cloth

or branches, ruler, stakes.

PROCEDURE
 The two plots were selected.
 Land preparation was done with both plots using the necessary
equipment such as cutlass, fork etc.
 Eschallot bulbs were planted with spacing of 18-20cm within and
between rows, so as to ensure proper growth.
 Shade was provided for the eschallot bulbs using branches.
 Fertiliser, in the form of N.P.K was applied to plot A, using the
row-placement method
 The crop (eschallot) was watered and monitored daily.
 Eschallot bulbs (plants) were measured on a weekly basis with the
use of a ruler. Growth rate in terms, of centimetres was recorded
and tabulateduntil week five.
 4

RESULTS AND OBSERVATIONS

TABLE SHOWING GROWTH OF ESCHALLOT UPTO WEEK FIVE

WEEK NUMBER PLOT A PLOT B

1 15CM 8CM
2 22.5 CM OR 23CM 20CM
3 26CM 23CM
4 34CM 26CM
5 39CM 33CM

OBSERVATIONS
 The eschallot bulbs on plot A, grew and develop faster and
better as compared to plot B.
 At the end week 4, the bulbs on plot A, much higher than plot
B.
 Both the plots were not infected with any pest or diseases.
 Plot B, the bulbs were thin and short unlike plot A’s.
 5

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

0
WEEK ONE WEEK TWO WEEK THREE WEEK FOUR WEEK FIVE

BARGRAPH SHOWING DATA FOR PLOT A

 6
35

30

25

20

CM 15

10

0
WEEK ONE WEEK TWO WEEK THREE WEEK FOUR WEEK FIVE

BARGRAPH SHOWING DATA FOR PLOT B

7
 DATA ANALYSIS

With the aid of fertiliser, which was applied on plot A , the growth
rate was almost 1.5 times plot A.(natural no fertiliser ) Plot A was
striving and or fast growing due to the involvement or assistance of
fertiliser. Comparing plot A week one, was 15 cm wk. 2, 23cm wk3,
26cm wk.4, 34cm and wk.5, 39cm
Plot B or the natural ridge, was left behind, unable to keep up with
plot A, stunted growth, or slow growth. Plot B results in terms of growth
rate were as follows: wk.1, 8cm, wk.2, 20cm, wk.3, 23cm, wk.4, 26cm
and wk.5, 33cm
Plot A was quicker growing as compared to plot B slow growth. At
wk.1, plot A was 15cm whereas plot B was only 8cm, wk.2, plot A was
23cm unlike plot B 20cm, at wk. 3,plotA was 26cm and plot B was
23cm, wk.4,plot A was 34cm, plot B was 26cm and wk.5,plot A was
39cm as in comparison with plot B gradual growth, only 33cm.
Evaluating the data, plot A, obviously was the better plot, with the
use of fertiliser. The eschallot on plot A were of good quality, thick and
healthy bulbs.
The dosage of fertiliser (N.P.K), was applied on time to plot A, in
the appropriate manner or way.
Plot A was the better of the two plots due to the use of fertiliser as
against plot B, no fertiliser.

8
 DISCUSSION

This project; the cultivation of eschallot using two plots A, and B,

fertiliser and no fertiliser respectively, was carried out to determine the
effect of fertilisers on plant growth and to determine if fertilisers
improves quality and quantity crop yield. This project was completed in
five weeks with the use of equipment such as hoe, cutlass, fork, shovel,
shade-cloth or branches, N.P.K fertiliser,watercan,ruler, pen, notebook
etc.
The results obtained were tabulated and then accessed onto a bar
graph, with plot A results separately from plot B.
To complete this project successfully management practices such
as pruning, weed control, fertiliser application and dosage, pesticide
control, were done to yield quality and quantity eschallot.

9
 CONCLUSION

To conclude plot A was a good plot as compared to plot B.Plot B

yielded more than plot B, and plot A produced healthy, green and thick
bulbs of eschallot unlike plot B. Plot A was the better plot.

10
 RECOMMENDATIONS

 Eschallot should be cultivated under proper and appropriate

conditions, i.e, semi-shade conditions.
 Eschallot should be monitored, observed and treated for
yellow tips or blight. (Chinese writing )
 Inorganic fertilisers should be vastly used by farmers.
 Fertilisers should be applied to eschallot plants in the right
dosage (amount), and at the apt time and in the correct
manner (row-placement).
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

To access information to, complete this research, the researcher

gathered information and utilised:

 CXC AGRICULTURE THIRD EDITION, BY SAHADEO

RAGOONANAN, EDITOR, EDMUND BERAHZER.
 THE INTERNET. (YAHOO.COM, ASK.COM, BING.COM AND
GOOGLE SEARCH )