©

•
loaic '••,OUAd Conltnt c,,. Pou.- cl
llletQI t noA••e tQI I 11on·•ttol non- mrial
t-
tral\Sftrio g of tie< trcns Sharin_q of electrons
Stro"g el,ctrost (If it ~ f QCl der WGcis
forct bft ...i.e ;ons forte '-et. ~ tno let \I les
tliga n.fltinq point Lo~ "'el-tin g f)oi4 t
boiling poin t
tu9~ bailing pain .fa ,
Lo~
Lo- tOlGtility Kig h \#0 lgti lit9
Sol"lalt in i.lattr lnsokJ~Je in u,ottr
klsohabJe •n or3tnic sowelt r~~ltt in or9af\ic soW~t ·
CQn UICld II ct fttt t rici ~q-le Cannoi c.anduct eltdri,ity
iA tao lten .I q \ll~s if fn OAy stok '

•Io•s
0 9Gi11s ~; e
Atom Anion
tnevi-rQI) Cnegati~e ion)
0 lose, c·) ®
Ato• cation
Cne\lral) C. poSctive iop)

&metal Gtoas ➔ cations (qro..,p l,lAI~)

e I\Oe•metGI Gh,as-t dlions (group 15,lb I. 11)
e, 1:
So4i" m : 11 p Cl. a. 1) totQI '"Qt~f : ~ :~
H• -, Na t t t· +1
 t

~odi" t11 ~o• ~

S°odi" m ion
C~.a-a)
'~- ')

p ( i. I· l )
ffl QtjAtcii \I n1 : I l ~I char~e: tll
Mg ➔ Mg 2 t t 1e· - -10
r l

llq9ofii11111 atona ,na goe ,;" m ion

C~. &· l) C ~.I)

., 3_:
Nitro ge" : 1p Cl • 5 ) total charat = t 1
'1 - 10
Mt 3,·-, N 3• -3

CJCliiss .3, •
l
HitiopQ\ocn ntride ioo
c..1-s) C. ~-8)
i
l 1
 - - -- -- ------·--.

e9 "~ @
Of.JIJ'" oto• ! tp C l• 6) total charoe =t I
l"' • 10
O 1- 1 e ·~ o~· -2

o'-ot ion
(l , t)
• 1•.ae, Co mpo\lnd.s
•l fot•Gtion of sodiuM chloride
N1 • ll p C.1- 1- i)
t i · ll p C .l •t -1 1

"-~
-'"
+
ch\ori"f atom
C l •) -1 )

ch lo ri dt ion
~.>-a•al
·~) fo,111\i 01 of ccal ,i um f l\loti d~
Cca - lO p t l, 8, I . l l
F • q p Cl• l)
d tt
le-
+

~\\aorint atom
(1· 1) fluorin e atom
Calc.1m atom t> i)
i, Cl• I· l•l)
- l.-,
-
fl'IOtldt i~ Fi\&ortde iot'
l>•I> (Q\C t-,m iOI c1- 9l
ll• t·S )

• Co ~lt at BoC\dS
cc,, J. rt1t3

'~
e SillJle Covaien+ Bond
e9 t:
A111•oeiQ ,1ut~
11 • lp Cl• s)
U- lo C.1}
 Ltwi s s~natture :

Cl )
~. oo ia mQ!eQJ\e,NttJ

'1 l:
Tffloc"loroftlethaoe, CCI If
C• '-p (l• lll
Cl .. 17p C ~· l• l)
~ ....

+
l
,l .9.9)
tdra,hlorometM.me 111)1ecult, cc I~

Lewis rirud11re:
 - --·- - __ ., __ - .. •··- .. ·-

·e 0otaltlt Covalent 800 d

. tg i:
Ccarlto&\ dlo ilde I co~
C· 'P Cl·l 6-)
0 • ip ( -l · &)

t l ·tl Cl ·\) U . I)
Carbon dlo,,de 11ale~le , lo).
 -
I

e !fiple Co\la\eQt &oh~

cg 1~
Nitt0 get' I K >.
N· lp Cl -S)

®
Cl .9)

ttlro,el' 11\()~" le , H>-

~

i l-ewls structure :
I
 - --

IOf\JtC 8 oND
➔ ~k (€ t1J][Wl ~ ·

GwVVI
- ~ himAc-. h w
--~ 7 h HJ<Y\'l
( cc--ho· f\ -- I (Tv1

c,,.c l,,,c,v-e
~
-5 cov ~-G ~ ~ c \-:ri c4
s o tA /sof 4
~ - --;
_A> cLedn ~~ c ~ - ) ,CM· <.

~ - (0 ~ I\ ~ cA .

* COVALlN1 compauND
AHrwl e ." . M.-<.ol c,..cw'w t
(D X 2. . ~ ·4 soi~ l X~ Y¥
, Xy,
® y 2- . (,
't) -1 .SO£A J ~

I
(j) f til,; r oh t'.;lte,h-tfYI ( 0 Vtr I 6v], X 0\ hrrvl ~Olr t
I
Pti ~ 4 f c,.; 11 ,-~ f w ;:\-Li '.l- i ~

G) Co-Ylh-<b vd·t
--- ~
'

~ .....
~ ( 4l -) '

. \~ r
,
~O\h'n '\_ h Fn--rYl
- c. b
~~)
0
y( 9. e
..,
(0 t,ui ot
($Vii\~~ buYI cA -' X
• lhn~l t

I ){
"" X
•
X
•
I I I
(i\.v v• la, I,(,

.
X
• hi f k
"'0
..

© \NUAl.<. 1fl krvvio-1 t CN\A"'-r h,·rc,t

-
(i) (0 \flt\ • cuvvvw. ,s h-rM,.J '
- - ..

-'---- -- __,_ - ~
 Tarikh : _ _ _ _ __ _ _
-

*- ~RorrR 11tS ~ t iPlAlN WH~:

I
I i IYl ·1 : )
N"", 0 , CO 2
mp ~ lo p
I l
t llttn'c. (.\ I
_,
-
CCV1.ot¾c. h\"""1, .
V
.Jv
. Y'\
+a -l, I" I I I V 7

II
\1/
' ,f ~ ·(OI\ pnr-p ti-h t\ t--l~:i. 0 ( i Ort i (, comr. ) CO :i. ( (fTV , lvw. r )
- '
uo j nn Mf · ~ bp f !; h 'o/Yl . Mf · { 6p. is Im.
- 1• I I
DI
i ' I u
4hll" t f'i, ' Smfl "\, t, .~ ~Mrt.
r
i\
I
wt.Olk r,,,f-u-f'l.oi .
be.~ NV\ -t O
ccrY'
10 ,. ~HU\ loe,1,wun co:i
i a)\ . M <f'Lt VIA l t <i . I
I

rn"n HE r-u1l'\,I.,u~ h>

I
l..tS~ ~ G rtt l,VIK~ 1-fJ
0 v tr CcrvY\;{, t~t s h-v "\ O Ill r (.UW\,t ~ INl<i\.K,
u
~ru,\ . KJ rc.ts .
r n 1/\
\.,\I t I._,.
J IA r L CII\.V' tr"lv..c.r d t.c..h,·, 1-v1 (.C,d'l~O ~ CIM oiM. e,j- tlttl-ri<. ~
V
..J -
,. I I __. ; ,\,.. A
ft ,
i '(l ~ri,\M oIA\ s1-mk. . o.1- ~ ~k. .
t'.,\L l,lllv" ]
Thtrt IA rt h-'t t (YIO V'l'l fy t - co, Mail (.\A \.t i'i.
oC
"'
ntlAh-1.\I MAf<- Vlk .
( Cil l'\l'\ Or CO'Y\ J.M d·
t Lt e,1-,.,. <, 'hi) O\~ sat-,· oi
V

~k .

Lons Vlrt u, r,·'j. ( cA

/ I Ol~h t (.
.f QS (}i o/'\ '

'

I I

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