A Robot For Sanitizing a Place
Anant Sharma1, Kunika Gupta2, Kunvarpreet Singh3,Guneet Gupta4,Neha Agrawal5
1,2,3,4Student,
Dept. of Electrical Engg, Jaipur Engineering College and Research Centre, Jaipur, India
5Assistant Professor, Dept. of Electrical Engg, Jaipur Engineering College and Research Centre, Jaipur, India
Abstract - This project describes the development of the
importance of robots in health and health care, as well as
other sectors, particularly those connected to the
management and control of the 2019 Corona Virus Disease
(COVID-19). The fundamental purpose is to keep human-to-
human contact to a minimum to clean, sterilize, and support
hospitals and other quarantined facilities. This will minimize
the threat to life, health care professionals, and physicians
who are actively involved in the fight against the COVID-19
pandemic. This study aims to shed light on the importance of
medical and health robots, as a whole, and then, the use of
measures to deal with COVID-19, so that the hospital can
lead directly, to maximize the practice of medical robots for
a variety of medical trials. The latest achievement in Korea
and China, and the health sectors, to obtain an active control
of the COVID-19 pandemic, is not possible without the use of
modern medical technology.
Keywords: Corona virus, Navigation Process, Sensors,
Contact less, Design Concept,.
I. INTRODUCTION
Robots are being utilized for jobs such as sterilizing hospitals
and distributing food and medicines during this global
pandemic, stepping in where people should not, and have
shown to be handy. Robots are being used to provide medicine
and provide care to confined patients as health workers,
researchers, and governments try to prevent the spread of the
virus, which has infected more than 22,053,135 individuals
worldwide and killed more than 777,489 lives. To prevent the
community-level spread of Covid-19, the World Health
Organization has urged physical separation for persons all
across the world.
Sanitation has become a very significant feature in these
pandemic times and plays a critical role in protecting us
from becoming infected with this deadly virus and
thereby aiding in the elimination of this global epidemic.
This location is one of the high-risk zones for exposure to
this fatal illness, where people are racing to seek
medicine from hospitals and medical wards. It is quite
tough to disinfect certain regions, and it necessitates the
establishment of a high-quality and actionable plan.
Nonetheless, despite all of these precautions, there is
always a significant risk. The purpose of this research is to
eliminate as many human associations as possible, allowing
chores like robot cleaning and disinfection to be automated.
In this situation, robots can help to lessen the impact of
human infections, which are becoming increasingly relevant
in terms of the severity of the epidemic.
The goal of the project is to design and develop a cleaning
robot using Autodesk's Fusion 360 software. The Arduino
board, as well as the Bluetooth module HC-05, which is
utilized for programming and control, have been crucial to
the development. The robot's design includes a smile and a
feature that will assist us in spreading optimism this time.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
A few research publications on medical robots have been
read, and the following references have an impact on the
robot's design. Marcin Zukowski has created a companion
robot and humanoid medical helper for children's hospitals.
They concentrated on the robot's ability to express emotions
and communicate with youngsters by identifying their faces
and telling stories and presenting instructional movies using
visuals and text on the chest display. The 'Robot' navigates
through hospital rooms on its own, performing simple
medical tests such as detecting the patient's body temperature
or heart rate and transmitting live video feed to the doctors.
The robot is controlled by an ODROID XU and XU4 running
Ubuntu 14.04 and a dedicated Raspberry Pi 2 computer that
animates the robot's eyes.
Marcin Zukowski discussed the medical robotic assistant's
development of a temperature measurement system for
patients.They tested the MLX90614 infrared thermometer
and FLIRL on a thermal camera and discovered that the
MLX90614 infrared thermometer cannot be utilized as the
system's only input source and that to achieve more accurate
readings, the robot would need to go as close to a patient's
face as possible. They devised a hybrid system that combines
an infrared thermometer with a thermal camera to provide
ambient temperature and an estimate of skin temperature,
which may be used to detect the presence of humans in front
of the robot.
Himadri Nath Saha proposes an IoT-based alert system for
garbage monitoring and disposal in his paper.This device
 contains a level sensor that monitors the rubbish level in
the bin and warns municipal officials when the level is
reached. For connectivity, an Android app is being
created. The Arduino Uno microcontroller is used, and
the device is powered by a solar panel. The RGB lights
on this device display the exact level of waste.
The goal of this research is to create a smart medical
assistant robot by experimenting with several contactless
sensor technologies. For mobility in a crowded hospital,
the robot should be compact for easy handling and
contain a quick learning real-time environment
recognition system.
III. PROCESS
III.I Working Diagram
Fig 1 Working Diagram
Components description:
III.1.1 Navigation Part-
Arduino Microcontroller:
The ATmega328P is the basis for the Arduino Uno
microcontroller board. It features 14 digital input/output pins
(six of which can be used as PWM outputs), six analogue
inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator (CSTCE16M0V53-R0),
a USB port, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset
button. It includes everything you'll need to get started with
your microcontroller.
Ultrasonic (US) sensor (HC-SR04):
Vcc, Trigger, Echo, and Ground are the pin names for this
four-pin module. This sensor is widely utilized in a variety of
applications that involve measuring distance or sensing things.
The transmitter and receiver are formed by two eye-like
projects on the front of the module. The transmitter sends out
an ultrasonic wave, which travels through the air and is
reflected toward the sensor when it encounters any material.
The receiver module detects this reflected wave.
Bluetooth Module(HC-05 ) :
The communication channel of the wireless portion is managed
by Bluetooth technology. With the assistance of the host
controller interface, the Bluetooth module may receive and
transmit data from a host system (HCI). With a transmit power
of 1 m watts, it has a range of up to 10m. If the transmit power
is raised to 100A, the range can be extended to 100 meters. A
Bluetooth module is a gadget that can communicate over a
short distance(10 meters).
Servo Motor(SG-90):
A servo motor is a rotary actuator or motor that can control
angular position, acceleration, and velocity precisely. A servo
is employed in the design to control the robot's rotation.
DC Motors:
DC motors are used to move robots that are connected to a
motor driver. When the motor driver receives a trigger signal,
the motor moves according to the trigger at the specified speed.
Belt Drive:
Belt drives use a thin, non-extensible band that runs over
two pulleys to convey motion from one shaft to another.
It's essentially a looping strip of flexible material that
connects the rotating shafts mechanically. Belt drives are
utilized as a source of motion to transfer power or track
relative movement efficiently.
III.1.2 Sanitization Part-
DC Pump Motor:
DC-powered pumps move fluid in a variety of ways by using
direct current from a motor, battery, or solar panel. Different
voltages of DC power are usually used by motorized pumps.
Photovoltaic panels with solar cells that create direct current
when exposed to sunlight are used in solar-powered DC
pumps. The sanitizing liquid is pumped out and sprayed via
the nozzle in a regulated manner using a DC pump..Pump is a
device that moves fluids by converting electrical energy into
hydraulic energy.
Spray Nozzle:
A spray nozzle is a precision device that allows liquid to be
dispersed into a spray with ease. Nozzles are used to disperse
liquid over a large area, enhance the liquid surface area, and
provide impact force on a solid surface, among other things.
Some spray characteristics are used to define the spray in a
range of spray nozzle applications.

Robotic Arm:

A robotic arm is a sort of mechanical arm that performs

functions comparable to those of a human arm and is
usually programmable. The arm can be the sum of the
mechanism or part of a larger robot. The manipulator's
linkages are joined by joints that allow for either rotational
(as in an articulated robot) or translational (linear)
movement.

III.II. Mechanical Design-

FIG 5. Side Vies

III.III Methodology

III.III.I Simulation Diagram

FIG 2. Mechanical Drawing

FIG 3. Extracted design of the robot

FIG 4. Inner View of the Robot

III.III.II Process Loop V. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Without the efforts and collaboration of all of our group members,

the project cannot be accomplished. This was the most thrilling
aspect of our learning experience and would provide an advantage
for our future profession. We thank our mentor, Mrs. Neha
Agarwal, sincerely for her direction and consistent support, with
our precious comments during our work, and thus give us all the
essential information for the design and development of the
project. We also owe the encouragement and unique aid that we
lack for something without. Knowledge itself is a continuing
activity and practical knowledge is an essential developmental
component. We are also deeply grateful to our family and friends
that have helped us directly or indirectly complete this project,
providing us with continual support.

VI. REFERENCES
1. Bharadwaj, Alok & Yadav, Divyanshu & Varshney, Shreyshi. (2015). NON-
BIODEGRADABLE WASTE – ITS IMPACT & SAFE DISPOSAL.
International Journal of Advanced Technology in Engineering and Science. 3.
184- 191.

2. Himadri Nath Saha, Sourav Gon, Annesha Nayak, Samabrita kundu,

Sumandrita Moitra , “IoT Based Garbage Monitoring and Clearance Alert
System” 2018 IEEE 9th Annual Information Technology, Electronics and Mobile
Communication Conference (IEMCON) Pages: 204 – 208.

3. Mahmoud Tarokh and Malrey Lee, ” Kinematics Modeling of Multi-legged

Robots Walking on Rough Terrain” 2008 Second International Conference on
Future Generation Communication and Networking Symposia.

4. Hiroo Takahashi, Kojiro Iizuka, “Analysis on Weight Arrangement

Scheme to Reduce the Weight of Multi-Legged Robot Takashi
Kubota”,Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Conference on
Robotics and Automation, Barcelona, Spain, April 2005.

5. Gabriele Ferri, Alessandro Manzi, Pericle Salvini, Barbara Mazzolai,

Cecilia Laschi, and Paolo Dario, “DustCart, an autonomous robot for door-
to-door garbage collection: from DustBot project to the experimentation in
the small town of Peccioli, 2011 IEEE International Conference on Robotics
and Automation, Shanghai International Conference Center, May 9-13,
2011, Shanghai, China.

6. Sudharani Ashok Ghadage, Dr. Mrs. Neeta Anilkumar Doshi, “ IoT

Based Garbage Management (Monitor and Acknowledgment) System: A
IV. CONCLUSION Review”, Proceedings of the International Conference on Intelligent
Sustainable Systems.
This research offers an overview of the prospective robotics for
medicine and related sectors, which have a specific relationship
with the control of the COVID-19 pandemic. Effective
COVID-19 care can dramatically minimize the number of
infected patients and victims as seen during the outbreak in
China. Since the problem has currently proved to be a
worldwide one, high-technology countries can help others by
providing supporting equipment and robotic infrastructure to
control the illness effectively. This research confirms, in
comparison to manual systems, the adoption of medical robots
considerably improved the safety and quality of health
management systems through digitization. Medical robots are
classified solely in application categories to meet every
element of the range of hospital services as well as tolerance
control and reliable architectures to ensure safe and reliable
operation in the hospital.