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1 Bridge course

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 LIGHT IN ONE SHOT

Reflection Refraction
 LIGHT IN ONE SHOT

Reflection Refraction
Q6: A concave lens of focal length 15 cm
forms an image 10 cm from the lens. How far
is the object placed from the lens?

Answer: -30 cm
 Laws of reflection

REFLECTION
Plane mirrors

Types of mirrors
Concave

Spherical mirrors

Convex
Mark Weightage- 1 Mark
 Reflective surface

Curved inward Curved outward

Concave Mirror Convex Mirror

 Spherical mirrors

Parts Image formation

 This heart belongs to Harsh Sir

But my heart belongs to her!

Parts of Spherical mirrors
 Parts of Spherical mirrors

● Centre of curvature C
● Radius of curvature R
● Aperture
● Pole
● Principal axis
Q1: A mirror with a surface that curves
inward like the inside of a bowl

Concave mirror Convex mirror

A B

Plane mirror Flat mirror

C D
Q1: A mirror with a surface that curves
inward like the inside of a bowl

Concave mirror Convex mirror

A B

Plane mirror Flat mirror

C D
Reflection in Spherical mirrors
Reflection in concave mirrors
Reflection in concave mirrors

All the rays parallel to the principal

axis pass through the same point
after reflection
FOCUS of concave mirrors
Reflection in convex mirrors

All the rays parallel to the principal

axis pass through the same point
after reflection
FOCUS of convex mirror
Focal length = ½ radius of curvature
Standard incident rays of concave mirror
Mr. Focus Mrs. Focus Mr. Focus + Mrs. Focus
Standard incident rays of convex mirror
Q2: An incident ray that is parallel to the
principal axis in a concave mirror

will reflect parallel to will refract through

the principal axis the focal point
A B

will reflect through will pass through

the center of focus after
curvature reflection
C D
Q2: An incident ray that is parallel to the
principal axis in a concave mirror

will reflect parallel to will refract through

the principal axis the focal point
A B

will reflect through will pass through

the center of focus after
curvature reflection
C D
 Ray Diagram of Concave mirrors

1. Object at infinity (∞)

2. Object behind C(Between C

& ∞)

3. Object on C

4. Object between C and F

5. Object at F

6. Object between P and F

Ray Diagram of
Concave mirrors
Ray Diagram of Concave mirrors
 Ray Diagram of Concave mirrors

Object Position Image Position Image properties

Size Orientation Nature

1 At ∞ At F Diminished Inverted Real

2 Between C & ∞ Between C & F Diminished Inverted Real

3 At C At C Same size Inverted Real

4 Between C & F Bet C & ∞ Enlarged Inverted Real

5 At F At ∞ Enlarged Inverted Real

6 Between F & P Behind P Enlarged Erect Virtual

Ray Diagram of Convex mirrors

1. Object at infinity (∞)

2. Object in front of the

mirror
Ray Diagram of Convex mirrors
 Ray Diagram of Convex mirrors

Object Position Image Position Image properties

Size Orientation Nature

1 At ∞ At F Diminished Erect Virtual

2 In front of Between P & F Diminished Erect Virtual

mirror
Q3: A student studies that a convex mirror
always forms a virtual image irrespective of
its position. What causes the convex mirror
to always form a virtual image?

because the
because the
reflected ray
reflected ray never
converges at a single
intersects
A B point

because the
because the
incident ray of a
incident ray traces
convex mirror gets
its path back along
absorbed in the
C the principal axis D mirror
Q3: A student studies that a convex mirror
always forms a virtual image irrespective of
its position. What causes the convex mirror
to always form a virtual image?

because the
because the
reflected ray
reflected ray never
converges at a single
intersects
A B point

because the
because the
incident ray of a
incident ray traces
convex mirror gets
its path back along
absorbed in the
C the principal axis D mirror
Q4: Where would the reflected rays meet
for the image formation to take place?
Q4: Where would the reflected rays meet
for the image formation to take place?

Behind the mirror Between F and O

A B

Between C and F Beyond C

C D
Q4: Where would the reflected rays meet
for the image formation to take place?

Behind the mirror Between F and O

A B

Between C and F Beyond C

C D
Sign Convention of mirrors
 Concave mirrors

Distance Sign

f -ve

R -ve

u -ve
 Convex mirrors

Distance Sign

f +ve

R +ve

u -ve
 Mirror Formula

u - Distance of the image

v - Distance of the object
f - Focal length of the mirror
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Q5: A student conducts an activity using a
concave mirror with focal length of 10 cm.
He placed the object 15 cm from the
mirror. Where is the image likely to form?

At 6 cm behind the At 6 cm in front of

mirror the mirror
A B

At 30 cm behind the At 30 cm in front of

mirror the mirror
C D
Q5: A student conducts an activity using a
concave mirror with focal length of 10 cm.
He placed the object 15 cm from the
mirror. Where is the image likely to form?
SOLUTION
Q5: A student conducts an activity using a
concave mirror with focal length of 10 cm.
He placed the object 15 cm from the
mirror. Where is the image likely to form?

At 6 cm behind the At 6 cm in front of

mirror the mirror
A B

At 30 cm behind the At 30 cm in front of

mirror the mirror
C D
 Magnification

Magnification is the ratio of height

of the image to the height of the
object

Hi → Height of the image

Ho → Height of the object
 Magnification

If object distance (do) & image distance (di) is given

Image size is same as object size if m=1

Image size is larger than the object size

if m>1 : Magnified image

Image size is smaller than the object

size if m<1 : Diminished image
Q6: A student conducts an activity using a
flask of height 15 cm and a concave mirror.
He finds that the image formed is 45 cm in
height. What is the magnification of the
image?

-3 times 3 times
A B

⅓ times -⅓ times
C D
Q6: A student conducts an activity using a
flask of height 15 cm and a concave mirror.
He finds that the image formed is 45 cm in
height. What is the magnification of the
image?
 -3 times
Q6: A student conducts an activity using
3 times a flask of height 15 cm and a concave
mirror. He finds that the image formed is
A
45 cm in height. What is the magnification
B
of the image?

⅓ times
-3 times 3 times

-⅓ times A B

⅓ times -⅓ times
C D
Reach out to me @
k.abhishek@vedantu.com