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Experiment No. 1 The Bunsen Burner: Chem 1-L General Chemistry Laboratory Manual
Experiment No. 1 The Bunsen Burner: Chem 1-L General Chemistry Laboratory Manual
Experiment No. 1 The Bunsen Burner: Chem 1-L General Chemistry Laboratory Manual
Experiment No. 1
I. Objectives:
At the end of the experiment the chemistry students are expected
to:
1. Identify and explain the different parts of the Bunsen burner,
2. Demonstrate on how to lit the burner,
3. Assemble and disassemble the parts of the Bunsen burner,
4. Give the other types of burner to be used in the laboratory.
II. Apparatus/Materials:
Bunsen burner matches
evaporating dish square cardboard (10cm x 10cm)
crucible tong stopwatch / wristwatch
III. Discussions:
Fig. 1.1
Burning is actually a reaction of the fuel with oxygen from air and
heat is generated in the process (it is an exothermic reaction). In
the chemical reaction, the letters in parentheses tell us whether the
substances are gaseous (g), in the liquid state (l), dissolve in water
(aq), or in solid state(s), at the temperature of chemical reaction.
The symbol under the arrow means that heat is needed for initial
burning to happen. The heat subsequently released in burning is more
than enough to ensure continuous combustion for as long as methane gas
is available.
For the burning of the gas (usually methane) with the presence of
an adequate amount of oxygen which is supplied by the atmosphere,
methane is completely burned to CO2 and H2O, producing a non-luminous
flame.
IV. Procedures:
3. Close the air holes completely and observe the appearance of the
flame. Let us label it flame A. Record the color and luminosity or
brightness of flame A (3a). Using a crucible tong hold a porcelain
dish on this flame for a moment. What is deposited on the porcelain
dish (3b)? Flame A always forms a deposit like the one above. This
type of flame should never be used unless specifically directed to do
so.
4. Open the air holes of the burner gradually until the burner starts
to roar. With the air holes open, enough amount of air mix with the
gas going up the barrel. A different kind of flame is produced. This
is the type of flame you should use in all your experiments unless
directed otherwise. Too much air will make the flame roar and cause it
to snap out. Adjust the air intake until the roaring just stops. The
flame should look as shown in fig.1.2, with the two regions visible.
Fig. 1.2
Label it flame B. Note its color and luminosity (4a). Hold a clean
portion of the porcelain dish in the flame. Is there a deposit on the
porcelain dish (4b)? In this part of the experiment, you will study
more closely the various feature of flame B.
5. Insert a match quickly onto the flame just above the barrel. Note
the time before it ignites (5a). Put a match at the top of the inner
cone. Note the time before it ignites (5b). Do the same for the tip of
Chem 1-L
General Chemistry Laboratory Manual
the outer cone. Note the time before the match ignites (5c). The time
intervals give you an idea on the relative temperature at the
different portion of the flame tested. Which portion of the flame is
the hottest (5d)? Which is the least hot?