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Fiat 9.57409 - 2007-04 - ZINC - NICKEL ALLOY ELECTROLYTIC
Fiat 9.57409 - 2007-04 - ZINC - NICKEL ALLOY ELECTROLYTIC
Fiat 9.57409 - 2007-04 - ZINC - NICKEL ALLOY ELECTROLYTIC
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SUPERVISING Dept. : E.D. -- Ingegneria dei Materiali
CMD
MANAGING Dept. : E.D. -- Ingegneria dei Materiali
Code
PURPOSE
To define the characteristics that the zinc--nickel alloy electrolytic coating must meet for parts made of
---
ferrous material.
To define the procedures to be followed and the equipment to be used for the execution of the check tests
of such characteristics.
Ch.
To provide prescriptions for indication on drawing of such coating.
5
IMPORTANT
Edition
In order to comply with what prescribed by the European Directive 2000/53/CE and sub-
sequent amendment of June, 6th 2002, the passivation coatings containing hexavalent
chromium salts dealt with in this Procurement Specification, SHALL NO LONGER BE
USED after July, 1st 2006
WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FIAT GROUP AUTOMOBILES S.p.A. IN CASE OF DISPUTE
THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO THE THIRD PARTIES
12/15/05 Edition 4 -- Changed note IMPORTANT at page 1 and note at Table 4 .
Added § 1.3.4 and 2.3.7.3 . Annex 1 : added note at thickness limit
Annex 2 : added sealing system. (FD) THE ONLY VALID REFERENCE IS THE ORIGINAL ITALIAN EDITION
04/30/07 Edition 5 -- Table 1 changed . Annex 1 : “Bolt friction coefficient” added . (FD)
CONFIDENTIAL
ANY PRINTED COPY IS TO BE DEEMED AS UNCHECKED; THEREFORE THE UPDATED COPY MUST BE CHECKED IN THE APPROPRIATE WEB SITE
| § ‘‘B’’: REFERENCES
1.2
Field of application
1.2.1
The Zinc--Nickel--alloy electrolytic coating can be applied on the mass or on chassis on small items, bolts
and also on bigger parts made of ferrous material (brackets, supports etc.).
1.2.2
The above--mentioned coating is preferable to electrolytic zinc--plating when higher corrosion resistance
values are required, both in terms of ferrous corrosion and of white zinc corrosion.
1.2.3
Just like the electrolytic zinc coating, the Zinc--Nickel coating shall not be used for steel parts with
resistance to tensile stress (R)≥1500 N/mm2, nor for steel parts with R≥1200 N/ mm2, for which
functional class 1 is prescribed .
1.3
Classification, designation, indication on drawing
1.3.1
NOTE FOR HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM
In compliance with the European Directive regulations on end--of--life vehicles (2000/53/CE), already
adopted in Procurement Specification 9.01102 Annex CK, for ecological and environmental reasons, it
is necessary to eliminate completely hexavalent chromium compounds (Cr VI) from the vehicles, by July,
1st 2007.
WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FIAT GROUP AUTOMOBILES S.p.A. IN CASE OF DISPUTE
To this end, as from July, 1st 2006, all coatings containing hexavalent chromium will be
suppressed from this Procurement Specification and shall no longer be supplied to Fiat Auto.
-- face--lifting,
-- restyling,
-- extensions of type--approval for engine types not foreseen at first launch, of models
with first type--approval date prior to January, 1st 2004.
D For new drawing issues, relative to models already in production in December 2003, and for the
drawings of components already in production or carry over (bolts and Normals included), even if
destined for new models with first type--approval after January, 1st 2004, complete removal of
hexavalent chromium by July, 1st 2006.
D In particular, with regard to the carry over components (bolts and Normals included), if on drawing or
Table revision, a hexavalent chromium--free coating is foreseen, it is possible to continue supplying
the solution containing hexavalent chromium until complete end of stock and in any case no later than
July, 1st 2006.
However, in this case it is necessary that the Supplier inform the Purchaser about the time needed to
come into line with the new prescriptions.
The competent E.& D. Bodies must authorize possible deviations from these general regulations.
TABLE 1
Data
Designation for Additional proc-
Minimum local
indication on treatment Indications for use and aspect essing
thickness ©
drawing ¡ £ Code
No.
To be prescribed when a high corrosion re-
Thick--layer hex- sistance under severe exposure conditions
avalent chro- is required (e.g.: for application in engine
Fe/ZnNi
mium--free iri- compartment and in presence of heat 845
7 IV
descent passiva- stress).
tion The passivation has a grey blue colour with
slight iridescence.
Thick--layer hex- To be prescribed only for bolts and fixing
avalent chro- elements when, in addition to a high corro-
mium--free iri- sion resistance, the control of friction coef-
Fe/ZnNi
descent passiva- ficient within dispersion field Cf = 0.10 to 718
7 IV LUB
tion, with addi- 0.16 is required .
tion of lubricant Different Cf values must be specified on
(see Annex 2) drawing.
7 mm To be prescribed when a high corrosion re-
Thick--layer hex- sistance under very severe exposure con-
avalent chro- ditions is required (e.g.: for visible applica-
Fe/ZnNi mium--free iri- tions on the outside vehicle and/or under
719
7 IV S descent passiva- the floor), including bolts, for which control
tion, followed by of friction coefficient within dispersion field
sealing ¢ Cf = 0.10 to 0.16 is also required. Different
Cf values must be specified on drawing.
To be prescribed when black colouring, as
well as a high resistance to corrosion and
Black hexavalent
high temperatures are required.
chromium--free
Fe/ZnNi To be prescribed also for bolts when, in
passivation, fol- 701
7 VII S addition to black colouring, the control of
lowed by sealing
WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FIAT GROUP AUTONOBILES S.p.A. IN CASE Of DUSPUTE
¡ For materials with breaking load ≥800 e ≤1000 N/mm2, if dehydrogenation is required, complete indication on draw-
THE ONLY VALID REFERENCE IS THE ORIGINAL ITALIAN EDITION
ing with the word DEIDR A e.g.: Fe/ZnNi DEIDR A (see § 2.3.10). For materials with breaking load ≥1000 N/mm2 such
indication may be omitted as dehydrogenation is compulsory.
© For particular requirements, different thickness values may be indicated on drawing: for ex. Fe/ZnNi 5 indicates a
minimum thickness of 5 µm. In any case the limits of corrosion resistance shown in Table 2 must be observed
¢ The sealing operation consists in laying an organic, mineral or organic---mineral coating, after passivation, with thick-
CONFIDENTIAL
ness of the order of 1 to 3 µm, in order to improve the corrosion resistance and give a controlled friction coefficient
to the coating. This treatment shall not be used on parts that must subsequently be painted by cataphoresis, on small
blocks reinforcements and bushings intended for rubber ---metal connection and on elements that must fulfil an elec-
trical function.
£ In order to comply with the Directive 2000/53/CE all the passivation and sealing treatments used must be free of hexa-
valent chromium, cadmium, lead and mercury.
1.3.3
Coatings ELIMINATED and REPLACED as from July, 1st 2006
The replacement diagram shown in Table 3 is valid, if not otherwise specified on drawing or agreed
upon between Fiat Auto and Supplier.
TABLE 3
ELIMINATED REPLACED
Fe/ZnNi 7 IV
Fe/ZnNi 7
Fe/ZnNi 7 LUB*
1.3.4
Unless otherwise agreed, from July 1st, 2006, no component treated with coatings containing
hexavalent chromium will be supplied to Fiat Auto.
Starting from the same date, the codings concerning coatings containing hexavalent chromium,
listed in Table 2 and used in the reference technical documents (drawings, tables, specification,
etc.), are meant as fully equivalent to the corresponding codings of the coatings which do not
contain hexavalent chromium listed in Table 3.
The Supplier, in case of documents which still include coatings containing hexavalent chromium,
suppressed by this Standard, shall manufacture and supply the required components with the
WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FIAT GROUP AUTOMOBILES S.p.A. IN CASE OF DISPUTE
corresponding coatings without hexavalent chromium, according to Table 3 or other agreements
1.4
Dimensions and tolerances of the coated part THE ONLY VALID REFERENCE IS THE ORIGINAL ITALIAN EDITION
If not otherwise indicated, dimensions and tolerances indicated on the part drawing are considered as
including the coating.
2
CONFIDENTIAL
2.2
Test Environment (unless otherwise specified)
temperature : 235 ˚C
atmospheric pressure : 860 to 1060 mbar
relative humidity : 45 to 70 %
2.3
Characteristics
The characteristics mentioned below refer to the significant surface of the part.
The term significant surface means the surface that is essential for the look and/or utilization of the treated
component. It can be indicated on drawing or agreed upon when ordering; otherwise all the component
surface that can be touched by a ball of ∅ 13 mm is considered to be significant.
With regard to coating thickness and corrosion resistance of bolts see § 2.3.6.5 et seq. and § 2.3.9. If not
otherwise specified by the Purchaser, holes, hollows, threads, sharp edges and corners are not
considered to be significant surfaces.
2.3.1
Visual inspection
The part surfaces must be free of visible defects such as blisters, pitting, excessive roughness, coating
holidays or coarse cracks.
The presence, on the coating, of microcracks reaching the base metal is allowed, provided that they do
not compromise the resistance to corrosion.
The passive layer shall not be powdery and shall cover completely the coated surfaces. The lubricated
parts shall be clean and touch--dry.
2.3.2
Identification of coating composition
The coating identification can be carried out with suitable analytical--instrumental techniques (e.g.: X--ray
fluorescence), or with the method mentioned below.
2.3.3
Zinc qualitative search
2.3.3.1
Required solutions and reagents
a) Sulphuric acid solution, prepared dissolving 8 cm3 of sulphuric acid (d=1.84) in 100 cm3 of distilled
water;
WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FIAT GROUP AUTONOBILES S.p.A. IN CASE Of DUSPUTE
b) Copper sulphate solution in distilled water, prepared dissolving 1 g of copper sulphate in 1000 cm3 of
THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO THE THIRD PARTIES
distilled water;
c) Mercury thiocyanate solution, prepared dissolving 2.7 g of mercury sublimate and 3 g of ammonium
thiocynate in 100 cm3 of distilled water.
THE ONLY VALID REFERENCE IS THE ORIGINAL ITALIAN EDITION
2.3.3.2
Procedure
2.3.3.2.1
CONFIDENTIAL
Etch the surface being tested, with some drops of sulphuric acid solution a) and let it react for 1 min.
2.3.3.2.2
Put the solution thus obtained on a plate, then add in the following order one drop of copper sulphate
solution b) and one drop of mercury thiocyanate c), stirring carefully.
2.3.3.2.3
If zinc is present, a precipitate or a violet colouring is obtained.
Interfering elements do not exist.
2.3.4.1
Solutions and reagents:
a) Aqua regia: 3 volumes of hydrochloric acid (d=1.19) with the addition of one volume of nitric acid
(d=1.41);
b) Saturated solution of ammonium persulphate;
c) Tartaric acid solution in distilled water at 20%;
d) Sodium acetate solution at 25% in distilled water of 2 cm3 of concentrated sulphuric acid;
e) Alcoholic solution of dimethylglyoxime at 1%.
2.3.4.2
Operating procedure
Etch the surface to be tested with some drops of aqua regia (reagent a) and put the solution on a spot
test plate. Then add in the following order: one drop of solution b) of ammonium persulphate, one drop
of solution c) of tartaric acid, 5 drops of solution d) of sodium acetate, 5 drops of solution e) of
dimethylglyoxime, stirring carefully after every addition.
If nickel is present a red coloured precipitate is obtained.
2.3.4.3
Nickel content
The quantity of Nickel contained in the coating must be 11 to 15 %.
The determination of the Nickel percentage in the deposited alloy can be carried out by one of the following
methods:
A) Acid dissolution of coating and subsequent chemical analysis (destructive method)
B) X--ray fluorescence (non--destructive method)
2.3.5
Check the absence of hexavalent chromium compounds in the coating composition
2.3.5.1
WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FIAT GROUP AUTOMOBILES S.p.A. IN CASE OF DISPUTE
Carry out the measurement following the procedures and using the equipment described in Standard
2.3.6
THE ONLY VALID REFERENCE IS THE ORIGINAL ITALIAN EDITION
Thickness
2.3.6.1
Minimum local thickness
The local minimum thickness, measured by one of the methods indicated below, that permit an accuracy
CONFIDENTIAL
of at least 10%, must result as indicated in § 1.3.1 on all the areas of the significant surfaces (see § 2.3).
2.3.6.2
Magnetic method
Carry out the measurement as per Standard 50757, making use of Magne Gage, Mikrotest or other
equivalent equipment, to be utilized in current checks.
2.3.6.3
X--ray Fluorescence Method
Carry out the measurement following the procedures and using the equipment described in Standard ISO
3497.
Of general use, to be utilized preferably in case of small--size parts.
2.3.6.4
Microscopic method
Carry out the measurement following the procedures and using the equipment described in Standard
50758. To be used mainly in case of dispute or when the methods indicated above can not be applied .
2.3.6.5
Bolt coating thickness
The coating thickness on bolts, measured according to § 2.3.6.2 shall be as prescribed in § 1.3.
The requirements relative to the surface considered as significant for measurement of coating thickness
on bolts, are indicated in § 2.3.5.6.
2.3.6.6
Zones for the measurement of the coating thickness
Considering the variability of the electrolytic coating thickness on screws and nuts, the same is
measured in a point significant from the point of view of the anticorrosive protection rating .
In case of screws, this point lies approximately at the center of the head surface or at the center of the
stem end (see Figures 1 and 2).
In case of cylindrical screws with countersunk hexagonal head and of screws with cross cut, the
measuring point lies on the flat surface of the head, between edge and countersunk hexagon,
between edge and cross cut or on the side of the hexagon (see Figures 3, 4 and 5). Countersunk and
cut surfaces are excluded from the measuring points.
In case of nuts, thickness is measured on a side of the hexagon or on a support plane (see Figure 6).
2.3.6.7
WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FIAT GROUP AUTONOBILES S.p.A. IN CASE Of DUSPUTE
Because of various factors, such as, for instance, the shape and dimensions of the components, the
type of plating process used for the treatment, the thickness measurement method, it is not possible
to define on Standard the maximum thickness values to be complied with. As an example, the
THE ONLY VALID REFERENCE IS THE ORIGINAL ITALIAN EDITION
following values can be considered for components dimensioning on drawing and for definition of
equipment working tolerances, before the surface treatment:
2.3.7
Bolt friction coefficient
2.3.7.1
If not otherwise indicated on drawing, the bolt frictions coefficients must range within the dispersion
limits Cf = 0.12 to 0.30, indicated in Procurement Specification 9.52605/01.
If friction coefficient values ranging in the dispersion field 0.10 to 0.16 are required, after zinc--plating it
is necessary to apply specific friction conditioners, consisting of suitable lubricating products (LUB
type), or of sealing systems (S Type) (See Annex 2).
Different values must be specified on drawing.
E.g.: Fe/Zn 7 IV S (Cf = 0.12 to 0.18).
2.3.7.2
The check of the correct application of the friction conditioners must be carried out measuring the
friction coefficient as indicated in the Experimentation Standard 7.G0114.
Other test method must be agreed upon beforehand and approved by the competent Bodies of Fiat
Auto (E.&D./A.C.V.).
2.3.7.3
The correspondence between the codings used by Fiat Auto and the trademarks of the qualified
friction conditioners are indicated in Annex 2.
Different products are allowed, provided that the requirements of this specification and of any specific
indication on drawing, as well as the restrictions about use of forbidden substances and/or substances
to be monitored are met, as indicated in Annex CK of specification 9.01102.
Upon request of Fiat Auto, the technical sheet of the product used, as well as the specific parameters
of the application cycle, shall be provided.
2.3.8
Adhesion
The assessment of the adhesion of coating to base metal must be carried out by one of the following
methods.
2.3.8.1
Heat shock method
2.3.8.1.1
Put the coated part to be tested into a constant temperature chamber for 1 hour at 30010 °C. Then put
the part out and dip it rapidly in water at room temperature.
2.3.8.1.2
After cooling, take the part out and dry it with a flow of compressed air.
2.3.8.1.3
At the end of the test, check that on the coating there is no sign of detachment from base metal, swellings,
WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FIAT GROUP AUTOMOBILES S.p.A. IN CASE OF DISPUTE
blisters, flaking, etc.
2.3.8.2.1
The test consists in bending the part or sample to be tested, manually or with pliers, at an acute angle,
first on one side and then on the other, until it breaks.
CONFIDENTIAL
2.3.8.2.2
Check that, in the breaking area, the coating does not come off the base metal and that there is no sign
of flaking.
2.3.9
Resistance to corrosion
2.3.9.1
After at least 24 h from the end of the passivation or sealing operation, take a number of parts so that the
total of the significant surfaces is ≥1 dm2.
The non--significant surfaces can be duly covered up (for instance with tape or with suitable painting)
before the exposure test in salty fog.
2.3.9.2
Put the parts to be tested in constant temperature ventilated chamber for 1 h5’ at 1505 ˚C, then
submit them to the corrosion test in salty fog as per Standard 50180, method A1, for the time prescribed
in Table 4.
NOTE: The test in salty fog must start after 1 h5’ and within 24 h after the end of the exposure at 1505
˚C
TABLE 4
Minimum exposure time (h) in salty fog within which they must not be
Coating designation shown ¤
Zinc corrosion products ¥ Base metal corrosion products ¦
Fe/ZnNi 7 IV
192 480
Fe/ZnNi 7 IV LUB
Fe/ZnNi 7 IV S 240 720
Fe/ZnNi 7 VII S 120 480
¤ Unless otherwise specified, corrosion resistance is to be assessed by the unaided eye at normal
reading distance. Corrosion product in holes, corners or areas not considered significant surfaces
shall not constitute a basis for rejection.
¥ After exposition,the presence of white corrosion products of zinc and/or of aesthetic alterations of the
passivation layer (black spots), for an extension <10% of the significant total surface exposed, is not
a reason for rejection. In case of black finishings (Fe/Zn 7 VII S), a slight bleaching of the finishing is
allowed, mainly due to absorption of sodium chloride by the passivation layer. In such case, it is neces-
sary to verify that, after a slight rubbing of bleached surfaces and/or cleaning with warm water, the pas-
sivation layer is undamaged and that it keeps its original color. On the other hand, oxidation, for a range
higher than 10% of the significant exposed surface, is a reason for reject.
¦ The points of iron corrosion must be ≤1/dm.2. Higher values are a reason for reject.
2.3.10
Dehydrogenation
2.3.10.1
The parts shall be submitted to dehydrogenation treatment, within 4 h from the application of the zinc base
WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FIAT GROUP AUTONOBILES S.p.A. IN CASE Of DUSPUTE
coating, if not otherwise indicated on drawing. The dehydrogenation must take place by heating in an
THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO THE THIRD PARTIES
air--circulation or oil furnace, followed by cooling at room temperature. The duration and temperature of
the dehydrogenation treatment shall meet the minimum requirements shown in table V.
2.3.10.2
THE ONLY VALID REFERENCE IS THE ORIGINAL ITALIAN EDITION
In general, the times shown in table V can be reduced, if the temperatures are duly increased on the basis
of experimental assessments.
In case the heating temperatures indicated in table V cause a reduction of the minimum prescribed
hardness in the base metal or any other injurious effect on the part functionality, the dehydrogenation shall
be carried out at the maximum temperature compatible with the preservation of the prescribed
CONFIDENTIAL
characteristics and in any case ≥135 °C, duly extending the duration of treatment.
DEHYDROGENATION TREATMENTS
3
PRESCRIPTION FOR STATISTIC SUPPLY CONTROL
(by Qualità di Stabilimento)
3.1
The supply check must be carried out as per requirements indicated in Procurement Specification
9.01102/01 (Limited distribution).
4
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE SUPPLIER
4.1
The Supplier shall comply with the general requirements contained in P.S. 9.01102 ”QUALITY OF
SUPPLIES”.
4.2
Supplies for the product qualification
The Supplier must produce the product quantity required in the purchase order, attaching the relevant
required Quality and Conformity Certificate (see Proc. Spec. 9.01103); all the characteristics indicated in
the attached “Specification Data Sheet” shall be checked. No “non--conformity” is allowed.
4.3
Supplies for the production
The supplied product must meet the requirements indicated on drawing and in this Procurement
Specification. When defining the kind of production process to be followed and the severity of the
acceptance tests, the Supplier must consider the classes of importance that FIAT defined for each one
of the characteristics to which requirements refer (see § 5).
NOTE: Both during product qualification and supply inspection, checks can be performed on components
that have been subjected to non--destructive tests (indicated with NM in § 5 ). Components that
have been subjected to destructive tests (M) may not be used for further tests or inspections
unless otherwise specified case by case.
WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FIAT GROUP AUTOMOBILES S.p.A. IN CASE OF DISPUTE
THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO THE THIRD PARTIES
5
TABLE OF THE CLASSIFICATION OF CHARACTERISTICS
Thickness Major M*
Adhesion Minor M
* NM if, for thickness measurement, the magnetic method or X---ray fluorescence is adopted.
CMD
CHARACTERISTICS TEST CONDITIONS LIMITS
Code
---
Visual inspection --- § 2.3.1
Ch.
Identification of coating com- Zinc---nickel alloy
§ 2.3.2
5
position 11 to 15 % Ni
Edition
Check the absence of hexaval-
§ 2.3.5 and
ent chromium compounds in ≤ 0.1 mg/cm2
Standard 7.M5000
the coating composition
≥ 7 µm
Thickness § 2.3.6 (A different thickness can be indicated
on drawing for specific requirements)
Table 1
Bolt friction coefficient § 2.3.7
and Standard 9.52605/01
LUBRICATING PRODUCTS
CMD
Lubricating products to be used for conditioning of global friction coefficient of metric pitch bolts,
within dispersion field Cf = 0.10 to 0.16, qualified as per Procurement Specification 9.57409 and
Experimentation Standard 7.G0114.
Code
TRADE
TYPE SUPPLIER
---
NAME
Ch.
Gleitmo 605 © Gleytmolybdän Schmiermittel
5
LUB Gardolube L 6255 ¢ Chemetall
Edition
Granolube 6352 IT ¢ Henkel
Reference dilutions:
VII S
Zink Protector System Glomax