21st Century Literature

Lesson 3

Preliminaries

Literature
Narrative
Rhythm

Lyrical Poetry Sound

Express emotion
Dramatic
Expressing
Feelings

Motivation

1. There are words we know but we do not understand.

2. it’s annoying because I love you so much.

3. Losing someone you love is like losing your happiness and life.

4. No matter what happens I do not want to lose you in my life. I will do my best to just stay
with me.

5. I need you in my life

Evaluation

My One Peso Coin

Here is my 1 peso coin here in my pocket

That I pull out when there is a need *
If I told you it was magic
At that point will you believe?

Passed from generations

Hand in hand it is smooth and bright
A ceremony that few witnessed
And now the Silver Coin is mine
 I do not abuse the good fortune of the Coin
Want for which money can buy
There are many other important ones
Used by coins in life

The Coin is heating up in my pocket

When I am close to the best to serve
Fulfilling the purpose of 1 peso Coin
In a simple action or a kind word

Is Coin really magic?

Or just a reminder to do the right thing
Do you have a coin in your pocket?
That you can count on as I do to me

When I was old and gray like my Father

I will pass 1 peso Coin to the next line
So it will continue to bring out justice
To those who are less fortunate than you and me
 21st Century Literature

Lesson 4

Preliminaries

This is one of the most beautiful love songs ever formed. It is full of brutal loyalty, not
just the soft fairy tale. The song is an acknowledgment that every relationship can have
its issues and you can overcome them as long as you accept each other and give it your
all. Make someone your priority make them you’re everything and discover you’re
happily ever after together. So what we have here in only a few minutes is a crazy
romantic love story. Two people that know things are a little strange and unusual. They
know things are hard at times and don’t make sense. But they also know that as long as
they have each other they are unstoppable. They know that it takes giving it their all in
exchange in exchange for a deep love and eternal happiness with each other.

Forum

A story is a story composed for the entertainment or narration of something that happened or a
piece of gossip that is spreading. The telling of an ongoing or connected series of events, whether
true or fictional account and narration. You can tell a story about anything, and the events described
can be real or imaginary covers both fiction and non-fiction; and does not leave a subject, genre, or
style.

Activity/drill

Prose Poetry
-Language is more natural and grammatical -They both can -language is figurative and rhythmical
be artistic and
-The writer usually has no word limit require skill and -poets use a limited of words
lots of practice.
-Ideas are written in sentences -ideas are written in lines
-Poetry and
-Can be understood by reading once - more than one reading may needed
prose are both
literature that
-prose does not pay attention rhyme to understand the meaning
seek to express
and rhythmed a point. -poetry pays attention to rhyme
Evaluation

1. Fictional prose, this is what I like because I like to read fictional stories online or in books as well.
It's entertaining to read a fictional one even if they are not really true. This is what relaxes me
throughout my stress day. Fictional stories make them easier when you read them because you feel
like you have escaped that problem.

2. I can use different types of processes to influence others by sharing with them different stories
related to non-fiction, fiction, heroic and prose poetry. I can also share it with my sisters so that they
will not be bored while only at home. I will use my own testimony to encourage them to read the
type of process they want.

Assignment

Pre-Colonial Times

Thanks to the work of our own archaeologists, ethnologists and anthropologists, we have come
to know more about the better judgment of information about our pre-colonial times set against a
majority of material about early Filipinos recorded by the Spanish, Chinese, Arabic and other writers
of the past. The pre-colonial inhabitants of our islands show a rich past through their folk speeches,
folk songs, narration of indigenous people and indigenous rituals and imitation dances that have
strengthened our relationship with our neighbors in Southeast Asia. The most common of these folk
speeches are the riddle riddle in Cebuano, riddle in Tagalog, paktakon in Ilongo and patototdon in
Bicol. Primarily in the riddle the parable or parables because it “shows subtle similarities between
two different things” and a power of observation and wit is tested.Folk song, a kind of folk lyrical
that expresses hopes and aspirations, people's lives as well as their loves. It is often repetitive and
sonorous, didactic and naive such as children's songs or Ida-ida (Maguindanao), children's poems
(Tagalog) or cansiones para abbing (Ibanag).

A few examples are the lullabyes or Ili-ili (Ilongo); love songs like the panawagon and balitao
(Ilongo); harana or serenade (Cebuano); the bayok (Maranao); the seven-syllable per line poem,
ambahan of the Mangyans that are about human relationships, social entertainment and also serve
as a tool for teaching the young; work songs that depict the livelihood of the people often sung to go
with the movement of workers such as the kalusan (Ivatan), soliranin (Tagalog rowing song) or the
mambayu, a Kalinga rice-pounding song; the verbal jousts/games like the duplo popular during
wakes. A type of narrative song or kissa among the Tausug of Mindanao, the parang sabil, uses for its
subject matter the exploits of historical and legendary heroes. It tells of a Muslim hero who seeks
death at the hands of non-Muslims.The folk narratives, i.e. epics and folk tales are varied, exotic and
magical. They explain how the world was created, how certain animals possess certain
characteristics, why some places have waterfalls, volcanoes, mountains, flora or fauna and, in the
case of legends, an explanation of the origins of things. Fables are about animals and these teach
moral lessons. Our country's epics are considered ethno-epics because unlike, say, Germany's
Niebelunginlied, our epics are not national for they are "histories" of varied groups that consider
themselves "nations."The epics come in various names: Guman (Subanon); Darangen (Maranao);
Hudhud (Ifugao); and Ulahingan (Manobo). These epics revolve around supernatural events or
heroic deeds and they embody or validate the beliefs and customs and ideals of a community. These
are sung or chanted to the accompaniment of indigenous musical instruments and dancing
performed during harvests, weddings or funerals by chanters. The chanters who were taught by
their ancestors are considered "treasures" and/or repositories of wisdom in their communities.
The American Colonial Period

A new set of colonizers brought new changes to Philippine literature. New literary forms such as the
free verse [in poetry], the modern short story and the critical essay were introduced. American
influence was deeply rooted in the strong establishment of English as the medium of instruction in
all schools and there was a modernism in literature that highlighted the individuality of the writer
and cultivated the consciousness of the craft, sometimes at the expense of society. The poet, and
later, National Artist for Literature, Jose Garcia Villa used a free paragraph and supported the
dictation, "Art for art's sake" in the anxiety of other writers who were more concerned with the use
of literature. Another maverick in poetry who used a free verse and talked about the forbidden love
in her poem was Angela Manalang Gloria, a female poet described as early in her time. Despite the
threat of censorship of the new dispensation, more writers have emerged as "enticing works" and
popular writing in indigenous languages that flourish in weekly outlets such as Liwayway and Bisaya.

The Balagtas tradition persisted until the poet Alejandro G. Abadilla advocated modernism in
poetry. Abadilla later influenced young poets who wrote modern verses in the 1960s such as Virgilio
S. Almario, Pedro I. Ricarte and Rolando S. Tinio. While the early Filipino poets grappled with the
verities of the new language, Filipinos seemed to have taken easily to the modern short story as
published in the Philippines Free Press, the College Folio and Philippines Herald. Paz Marquez
Benitez's "Dead Stars" published in 1925 was the first successful short story in English written by a
Filipino. Later on, Arturo B. Rotor and Manuel E. Arguilla showed exceptional skills with the short
story. Alongside this development, writers in the vernaculars continued to write in the provinces.
Others like Lope K. Santos, Valeriano Hernandez Peña and Patricio Mariano were writing minimal
narratives similar to the early Tagalog short fiction called dali or pasingaw (sketch).

The essay in English became a potent medium from the 1920's to the present. Some leading
essayists were journalists like Carlos P. Romulo, Jorge Bocobo, Pura Santillan Castrence, etc. who
wrote formal to humorous to informal essays for the delectation by Filipinos.

Among those who wrote criticism developed during the American period were Ignacio
Manlapaz, Leopoldo Yabes and I.V. Mallari. But it was Salvador P. Lopez's criticism that grabbed
attention when he won the Commonwealth Literay Award for the essay in 1940 with his "Literature
and Society." This essay posited that art must have substance and that Villa's adherence to "Art for
Art's Sake" is decadent.

The last throes of American colonialism saw the flourishing of Philippine literature in English at
the same time, with the introduction of the New Critical aesthetics, made writers pay close attention
to craft and "indirectly engendered a disparaging attitude" towards vernacular writings -- a tension
that would recur in the contemporary period.