Alternating Current Questions sz Tee an eae Start Complete Exam Preparation eae ee Download App Question 1 WW this Questi In Alternating Current (AC), the direction and magnitude of the current varies. 4, Randomly 2. Periodically 3. Exponentially 4. Donot vary ‘Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: Periodically Detailed Solution The correct answer is Periodically, © Key Points CONCEPT. + The electric current flows in two ways: Alternating current and Direct Current. Direct cutrent flows only in one direction. CurrentTime - Direct current (Graphic representation) + Alternating current: The electric current whose direction changes periodically |s called electric current. ileenatng cxrent or vatage + Alternating current reverses its direction periodically. + Italso changes its magnitude periodically because of the induced electromagnetic force. + For Alternating current both magnitude and direction change. The frequency of the altemating current in the Indian power supply is 50 Hz. The time period is 1/50 = 20 msec. EXPLANATION: + In Altemating Current (AC), the direction and magnitude of the current vary periodically. So option 2 is correct. ee Reeve anraree aca) Cree ers Start Complete Exam Preparation aio Xetra Download App Question 2 ew this Question Online > An ac voltage v = V;. Sinwt applied to a capacitor drives a current in the capacitor, i= 1. In Sin(wwt - 11/2)& bn SIM@E-TH 3. in Sin(wt + 7) 4. ig Sint + 1/2) Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 4: jn Sin{tot + 1/2) Detailed Solution Concept: ‘The power factor of the inductor has lagging nature, whereas for capacitor its leading For appure inductor? = 9°” (The angle between voltage and current) This shows that if we plot voltage vs current graph the output signal will be lagging by phase angle 1/2 The given figure shows the power factor (qb) for pure R, L and C circuit Voltage Current Resistive circuit Inductive circuit Capacitive circuit 4=0, Unity power factor Lagging Power factor Leading Power factor Explanation: From the above explanation, we can see that for a pure capacitance circult if AC voltage of v= vj) sinwt then the driven current in the capacitor will be im sinlwt +) Now as mentioned for pure inductor phase angle will be lagging by 90° or 11/2. le, Q=T/2 = 1=ipsin (wt + 1/2) Sa Deca Con pein) Peer eto PS Elam OL (1c CM ee h iced) ravens Practice Drie Ces eaDownload App Question 3 View this Question Online The root mean square (rms) current = . (Where ‘i,’ amplitude of the AC current) 4) a 2 Zim 3. In/v2 4. lm Answer (De! a1 Sltion Below) Option 3: in/ v2 Detailed Solution CONCEPT: Root mean square value of Alternating Current and Alternating EME. - + The root mean square (tm.s) value of ac. is detined as that value of steady current, which would generate the same amount of heat in a given resistance in a given time, as is done by the ac,, when passed through the same resistance for the same time. + The rms. value is also called effective value of ac. or virtual value of ac. Itis represented by Ipms OF legf OF ly. + The relation between the peak value of ac. value of current (lo) and rm.s. value of current is given as- + From above itis clear that the root mean square value of the alternating current is equal to Wv2 times the peak value,Ss India's #1 Learning Platform Start Complete Exam Preparation ca bad rer array Download App Question 4 this Question Online AC power is expressed as . (Where ‘i'm amplitude of the AC current and 'R' is circuit resistance) 4. in? 2. yeR/2 3. |R/2 4 i)Re Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: in?R/2 | | Detailed Solution CONCEPT: + Power: The rate of work done by an electric currentis called power. Itis denoted by P. The SI unit of powers the watt (WV). Power dissipation is aiven by P=VI Power dissipated, Wena\ = the potential difference across resistance, |= current flowing Re resistance. Explanation: From the above explanation, we can see that power decapitated by any circuit can be expressed as =Vra= Vi =7 P=VI=),=PR Whereas for AC current the above expression can be expressed as P= Vanislans Pa Mp x fy = RCV = igh) Hence option 2 is correct among all < India’s #1 Learning Platform Start Complete Exam Preparation reo barre ea Coy Ga eeiosee ietnoa ere Download App Question 5 Rea src i Online > The current measured by an ammeter connected in an a.c. circuit is 20 A, the value of maximum current 1s. 4. 10V2A 2. 10/y2A 3 202A 4 20x11 A ‘led Solution Below)Option 3: 20V2A Detailed Solution CONCEPT: + An.ammeter is an instrument which is used to measure the current flowing through the circuit. Root mean square value of Alternating Current: + The root mean square (r.m.s.) value of ac. is defined as that value of steady current, which would generate the same amount of heat ina given resistance in a given time, as is done by theac, when passed through the same resistance for the same time. + The rms. value is also called an effective value of ac. or virtual value of ac. It is represented by Irms Of leff OF ly. + The reation between the peak value of ac. value of current (Io) andr.m.s. value of the current is given as 1 Tins = ‘CALCULATION: Given = rms, current (lin: + The relation between the peak value of ac. value of current (Io) and r.m.s. value of the current is given as = Ding = 1 ieee ae ec eee ton Start Complete Exam Preparation Pena fac ie Nace iad EVs Careers Ex Download App Question 6 \jtew this Question Online Thermocouple meter can be used to measure 4. de, onlya 3. Both ac. and dc, 4, None of these ed Saltition Below) Answer (Detail Option 3: Both ac. and dc. Detailed Solution ‘CONCEPT: Thermocouple: + The thermocouple is an electrical device containing junctions of two dissimilar metal joints. tis. used as temperature sensors. + Itworks on the principle of the thermoelectric effect or Seedback effect which states that the ‘temperature difference between two dissimilar eleciric conductors produces a voltage difference between them. + This potential difference is used to measure temperatures. EXPLANATION: + Thermocouple types of instruments can be used for de and ac applications Therefore option 3 Is correct. + They can be used for measurements of currents and voltages at high frequencies. + These instruments are very accurate well above a frequency of 50 MHz. & ieee an elu eallwelan) Start Complete Exam Preparation eae) Er a (3) cae recat forte Download App Question 7 View this Question Online For a series RLC circuit driven by voltage v = v,sinwt, the current is given by i = in sin(wt + ¢), the average power loss over a complete cycle is given by 'P* 4. Vitand2. Vicos% 3. Vi tan@p 4. Vicoso Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 4: VI case Detalled Solution ‘CONCEPT: + Power. The rate of work done by an electric currentis called power. Itis denoted by P- + The Slunit of power is the watt (W). Power dissipation is given by =Vi- = Power P= VI= 2 = PR Where V= Voltage, |= current flowing through the circuit, R= Resistance Explanation: From the above explanation, we can see that power loss in terms of voltage and current can be expressed as P=VI Now in terms of AG current if voltage driving RLC Is v= vsinwt and current passing through themis |= im Sin(wt+ 9) it power loss can be modified as P=Vrms Irms cos & Here o is known as power factor which is ratio of Rvs Z e eee au alia) eT etn Start Complete Exam Preparation aoc ) Mock Tests Panera ere & Oui:Download App Question 8: View this Question Online In Alternating Current (AC), the direction and magnitude of the current varies. 4. Randomly 2. Periodically 3. Exponentially 4, Donot vary Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: Periodically Detailed Solution The correct answer is Periodically. © key Points CONCEPT: + The electric current flows in tvo ways: Alternating current and Direct Current. = Direct current flows only in one direction. Current 0 Time . Direct current (Graphic representation) + Alternating current: The electric current whose direction changes periodically is called electnc current._ tbe a) AAneenating currant or vote + Altemating current reverses its direction periodically. + Italso changes its magnitude periodically because of the induced electromagnetic force. + For Alternating current both magnitude and direction change. The frequency of the altemating current in the Indian power supply is 50 Hz. The time period is 1/50 = 20 msec, EXPLANATION: + [n Alternating Current (AQ), the direction and magnitude of the current vary periodically. So option 2 is correct. Teal aes) Start Complete Exam Preparation Rear Keto Download App Question 9: View this Question Onlin: An ac voltage v = vj, sinwt applied to a capacitor drives a current in the capacitor, i = A. ig Sin(wot - 1/2) 2. jy Sin(wt - 7) 3. In Sin(wt +7) 4. \q SiN(wt + 71/2) Answer (Detailed Solution Below)Option 4: in sin{ut + 1/2) Detailed Solution Concept: “I The power factor of the inductor has lagging nature, whereas for capacitor its leading, @ = 90" For a pure inductor (The angle between voltage and current) This shows thatif we plot voltage vs current graph the output signal will be lagging by phase angle n/2 The given figure shows the power factor ((b) for pure R, Land circuit Voltage Current Voltage Current Voltage Current Resistive circuit Inductive circuit Capacitive circuit Unity power factor Lagging Power factor Leading Power factor Explanation: From the above explanation, we can see that for a pure capacitance circuit if AC voltage of v= vy sinwt then the driven currentin the capacitor will be |= inysintwt+ 6) Now as mentioned for pure inductor phase angle will be lagging by 20° or V2. ie, @=1/2 = i= isin (wt +1/2) ieee ane Seca) Pe ys Start Complete Exam Preparation Fara yi Question Bank totic Download App Question 10: on Online > View this QuesValue of current in an A.C. circuit is | = 2cos(wt+6). The value of I... is: 1. v2A 2. Wea 3. 2A 4. 2A Answer (Detai tion Below) Option 1: v2A Detailed Solution CONCEPT: Alternating current: + Analternating current can be defined as a current that changes its magnitude and polarity at a regular interval of time. RMS value of current: + RMS value of current is defined as the square root of the mean of the square of AC current for 4 complete cycle {tS equal to that value of DC current which generates the same heating effect as the AC current. Ting = (1) Where |, = peak value of AC current (CALCULATION: Given = cos(wt+@) * The value of | will be maximum when cos(wt+6) is maximum, + The maximum value of cos(wt+6) = 1 Therefore, = lb=2A So, = Tina = 3 = Sy = VBA + Hence, option 1 is correct