Rs578 - Final Curriculum of Animal Science

1
Secondary Level (Grade 9-10) Curriculum

(For Technical and Vocational Stream)
Animal
Science
2072
Government of Nepal
Ministry of Education
Curriculum Development Centre
Sanothimi, Bhaktapur
Curriculum Development Centre Animal Science 9-10 Curriculum

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Content
S/No. Subjects Page No.
Course Structure of Animal Science(Grade 9- 10)
1. Computer Applications 5
2. Extension and Community Development 14
3. Non-Ruminants Production & Management 21
4. Animal Nutrition and Fodder Production 28
5. Large Ruminants Production and Management 35
6. Animal Health l 42
Grade Ten (Animal Science Stream)
7. Farm Management and Marketing 49

8. Aquaculture and Fisheries 57
9. Dairy and Dairy Products 66
10. Small Ruminants Production & Management 73
11. Animal Health ll 80
12. Veterinary Laboratory Techniques 87

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Curriculum Structure
Class 9
S.No. Subject Weightage/ week Full Mark
1 Nepali 5 period 100

2 English 5 period 100
3 Mathematics 5 period 100
4 Science 5 period 100
5 Computer Applications 5 period 100
6 Extension and Community Development 5 period 100
7 Non-Ruminants Production & Management 5 period 100
8 Animal Nutrition and Fodder Production 5 period 100
9 Large Ruminants Production and Management 5 period 100
10 Animal Health l 5 period 100
Total 50 period 1000
Class 10
S.No. Subject Weightage/ week Full Mark
1 Nepali 5 period 100

2 English 5 period 100
Mathematics 5 period 100
3
Science 5 period 100
4
Farm Management and Marketing 5 period 100
5
Aquaculture and Fisheries 5 period 100
6
Dairy and Dairy Products 5 period 100
7
Small Ruminants Production & Management 5 period 100
8
Animal Health ll 5 period 100
9
Veterinary Laboratory Techniques 5 period 100
10
Total 50 period 1000

* (One Period =45 Minutes)

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Level Wise Competencies ( Grade 9 & 10)
1. Conceptualize information technology culture and appreciate the range and power of
computer applications
2. Make an awareness of how computers work, use computer in the home, school,
workplace and community to accomplish tasks.
3. Acquire basic knowledge and skills to apply agriculture extension for the agricultural
promotion in the country in Nepalese context.
4. Explain the concepts of non-ruminants production systems, focusing on breed
characteristics, housing, feeding and general management practices.
5. Describe the concepts of animal nutrition and fodder production
6. Apply knowledge and skills of animal nutrition and fodder production for cost effective
production of healthy livestock.
7. Analyze practical situations of animal nutrition and feeding practices at farmer’s level
8. Explain state livestock production system and improved management practices of large
ruminants.
9. Identify/use common medicines and perform clinical examination of patients.
10. Carry out simple first aid procedures on surgical and gynecological conditions
11. Prepare farm budget and plan and develop skills on identifying farm resources.
12. Conceptualize technologies on fish culture and site selection for fish culture, develop the
skill of rearing fish with modern system and utilization of old and traditional pond,
develop knowledge on natural and artificial breeding of fish and develop skills on
identification of fish disease and control method
13. Explain knowledge and skills on milk, milk processing and milk products and prepare
common dairy products.
14. Explain small ruminant's production systems, focusing on breed characteristics, housing,
feeding and general management practices of sheep and goats.
15. Apply knowledge and skills related to the treatment of common diseases of livestock and
poultry caused by helminthes, protozoa, bacteria, virus, and fungi.
16. Apply knowledge and skills related to the treatment of common metabolic and zoonotic
diseases of livestock and poultry
17. Apply basic skills and knowledge on laboratory techniques related to hematology,
parasitological, biochemistry and microbiology essential for the diagnosis of animal
diseases

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Computer Applications
Grade: 9 Theory: 40 Full Marks (68 Period) Practical: 60 Full Marks (102 Period)
1. Introduction
The Computer Applications curriculum aims to prepare technically inclined students to
be technologically adept as effective citizens, and to function and contribute effectively in an
increasingly technologically driven world.
The end goal is that students enjoy using computer-related technology as an integral part
of their lives and as an important tool in helping them to meet their own personal needs and the
needs of society.
2. Competencies
1. Develop a sense of information technology culture and an appreciation of the range and
power of computer applications.
2. Develop an awareness of how computers work and how they are used in the home,
school, workplace, and community.
3. Appreciate the role computers play in everyday life and the impact computers have on
society and people
4. Use common software to accomplish tasks.
3. Learning Outcomes
At the end of Grade Nine, students will be able to:
1. Realize the development process and progress of computers to till date.
2. Familiarize themselves with different types of computers, different generations of
computer and software: System software and Application software.
3. Work efficiently with application software mainly MS-WORD and MS-EXCEL.
4. Use internet, search their research material and handle mails efficiently.
5. Explain the basics of programming language.
6. Realize the importance of computer in daily life and can operate in proper manner.

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4. Scope and Sequence

THEORY
Unit Scope Content Period
1. Introduction to 1.1. The concepts of computer.

Computer
1.2 The History of computers.
1.3. The Computer system characteristics

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1.4. The Capabilities and limitation of computers.
1.5. The Types of computers
On the basis of data:
• Analog
• Digital
• Hybrid
On the basis of size
• Micro
• Mini
• Mainframe and
• Super
1.6. The Generations of computers and their features:
• First
• Second
• Third
• Fourth and
• Fifth generation
1.7. The Types of PC/Es and their characteristics.
• Desktop
• Laptop
• Notebook
• Palmtop
• Workstations

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Computer 2.1. The concept of Computer Organization

System
2. 2.2. Familiar with all hardware parts with CPU of Computer and dismantle
2.3. The basic components of a computer system – Input, Output, Processor

and Storage
2.4. The Memory – 15

Primary and Secondary, Cache (L1, L2), Buffer, RAM, ROM, PROM,
EPROM, EEPROM
2.5. The Storage Device –
Storage fundamentals - Primary Vs Secondary data
Various Storage Devices - Magnetic Tape, Magnetic Disks: Hard Disk

and Floppy Disks (Winchester Disk), Optical Disks: CD, VCD, CD-R,
CD-RW, DVD, DVD-RW, Blue Ray Disc.
Others: Flash drives, SD/MMC Memory cards
Physical structure of floppy & hard disk, drive naming conventions in

PC.
2.6. The Input Device - Keyboard, Mouse, Trackball, Joystick, Digitizing

tablet, Scanners, Digital Camera, MICR, OCR, OMR, Bar-code
Reader, Voice Recognition, Light pen, Touch Screen.
2.7. The Characteristics of monitor-Digital, Analog, Size, Resolution,

Refresh Rate, Interlaced/Non Interlaced, Dot Pitch,
Video Standard-VGA, SVGA, XGA etc.
Printers and types – Impact (Dot matrix printer), Non-impact (Laser

printer)
2.8. The Computer Software
2.8.1 Necessity of computer software
2.8.2 Types of Software-System Software, Application software.
3 Operating 3.1. Introduction of operating System

System 3.2. Type-Batch, Single, Multi programming, Multi processing, Multi
tasking, Multi processing, Timesharing, Real time,
3.3. Disk Operating System (DOS)- Introduction to CUI and it’s feature, 8
Concept of File and Directory, Wildcards and Pathname, System
Files: Config.sys, IO.sys, MSDOS.sys, autoexec.bat
3.4. Windows Operating System, Introduction to GUI and its feature

Working with a Window Environment and Window Application
Program
3.5. Open Sources Operating System, Introduction of Open Sources

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Operating System, Introduction to Linux, UNIX
4 Programming 4.1. Machine, Assembly, High Level, 4GL – their merits and demerits
4.2. Compiler, Interpreter and Assembler

languages
4.3. List of High Level Programming Languages 6
4.4. Difference between Program and Software
4.5. Program Control Structures - Sequence, Selection and Iteration.
4.6. Program Design Tools – Algorithm, Flowchart and Pseudo Code
4.7. Introduction to QBASIC
4.7.1 Elements of QBASIC
4.7.2 QBASIC Statements
4.7.2.1 Declaration Statements
CONST, DIM, REM
4.7.2.2 Assignment Statements
LET, READ, DATA
4.7.2.3 Input/output Statements
INPUT, PRINT, LINE INPUT, INPUT$
4.7.2.4 Control Statements
GOTO
IF…. THEN
IF…. THEN…….. ELSE
IF…. THEN…. ELSEIF……. ELSE
SELECT…… CASE……
FOR….. NEXT

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5 Application of 5.1. Conceptualize Word Processing, types and uses, Word Processor’s
Interface Enter and Edit Text Formatting, Text-Characters, Paragraphs
Software and Documents, Work with Special features of Word Processing –
Language tools, Tables, WordArt and Charts Add Graphics
5.2. Conceptualize Spreadsheet and Use Spreadsheet, Types of Spreadsheet

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Spreadsheet’s Interface Enter Data in a Worksheet – Labels, Values,
Dates and Formulas Edit and Format a Worksheet – Relative and
Absolute Cell References, Formatting Values, Labels and Cells Add
Charts Data Filter and sort data Work with Special features of
spreadsheet – General Functions and Formulas
5.3. Present Program Basics, Present Program’s Interface, Create a

Presentation Format Slides, Special Features of Presentation Programs
– Transition, Animation and Custom Animation Work with Tables,
Graphics, Word ART, Graphs, Organization Charts and Multimedia
Integrate Multiple Data Sources in a Presentation Present Slide Shows
6 Computer 6.1 Introduction of computer networks and topologies
Networks and 6.2 Mode of Transmissions Flow-Simplex, Half Duplex, Full Duplex
Topologies
6.3. Communications Channels-Twisted, Coaxial, Fiber Optic, Serial and 7
Parallel Communication
6.4. Modem-Working and characteristics
6.6. Types of Network - LAN, WAN, MAN, Internet
6.7. Topologies of LAN-Ring, Bus, Star, Mesh and Tree topologies
6.8. Components of LAN-Media, NIC, NOS, Bridges, HUB, Routers,

Repeater and Gateways
6.9. Use of Communication in daily life
Internet and 7.1. Introduction of Internet

Electronic
7 7.2. Uses of Internet
mail (Email)
7.3. Explain the concepts of Protocols:
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Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)/Internet Protocol (IP)
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
Terminal Network (Telnet)
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
Post Office Protocol (POP)
7.4. The Web
Web Server Web Browser Web Site Domain Name System (DNS)

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Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
7.5. Search Engine
Total 68
PRACTICAL
Unit Scope Content Area Activities Period
2 Computer 2.1. Be familiar with all the hardware parts of a computer  Introduce with computer
Systems within the CPU as well as external hardware. hardware like
2.2. Assemble PC. motherboard, CPU, Input
2.3. Disassemble PC.
and devices
2.4 Access and Change BIOS settings 10
 Set and Change BIOS
setting
3 Operating 3.1. Execute Simple DOS Commands COPY, REN,  Install Operating software
System DIR, TYPE, CD, MD, BACKUP like Windows XP.
3.2. Familiar with Windows Operating System  Execute simple Dos
3.3. Familiar with UNIX as well as Linux Operating
commands
system 18
3.4. Install a Computer System by giving connection  Install various application
and loading System Software and Application software like MS office and
Software. Utility software like
3.5. Install Windows XP operating System. antivirus.
3.6. Install Linux operating system.
4 Programmin 4.1. Familiar with machine, assembly and high level  Draw Flow charts and 10
g languages languages. introduce with Q basic
 Execute simple introductory
programs in Q Basic
5 Application 5.1. Create your Bio-Data in MSWord giving  Work with Microsoft office
Software Educational and Personal Details. package especially WORD,
5.2. Create an Excel Worksheet entering marks in 6 EXCEL and
subjects of 10 Students. Give ranks on the basis of Total
POWERPOINT.
marks and also generate graphs. 40
5.3. Create a Database in MS-Access for Storing Familiarize students with
Library Information. different tools associated
Ex Fields: Book name, author, book code, subject, rack with each application.
no, price, volumes Enter Sample data of 15 books in to  Prepare Bio Data by using
database. MS word
5.4. Design a PowerPoint presentation with not less  Make library management
than 10 slides on any of your interesting topic.
system using MS Excess
Ex: Literacy, Freedom Struggle, Siddhartha Engineering
College, Evolution of Computers, Internet etc.  Prepare power point slides
5.5. Perform a project work in MS-Word. about their school
5.6. Perform a project work in MS-Excel.  Prepare the Mark sheet in
5.7. Perform a project work in MS-Power Point. MS Excel
5.8. Perform a project work in MS-Access.  Make the graphical
representation ( graph, pie

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chart and so on) in MS

EXCEL
 Make tables and tabulate
data in MS EXCEL
6 Data 6.1. Install and Configure Windows NT operating  Install Windows

Communicat system in a PC. Operating system in PC
ion and 6.2. Construct Network by connecting one or two  Connect the PC to the
computer with a Windows NT Server.
Networks internet through coaxial
6.3. Install and Configure LINUX operating system in 14
a PC. cable
6.4. Construct Network by connecting one or two  Setup internet connection
computer with a LINUX Server. using Windows NT
6.5. Learn the various types of cabling : Straight server.
Through Cable, Cross Cable and Rollover Cable
7 Internet and 7.1. Browse Internet using Search Engines like  Create Gmail ,Yahoo or
Electronic Google.com, Yahoo.com and ask.com for files, pictures, Hot mail account
mail (Email) power point presentations etc. Downloading files,  Compose, send and check
EBooks, E Content from Internet.
mail between friends in the
7.2. Register for new Email address with any free
Email provider and send Email using Internet to your class
friends, parents, teachers etc.  Search information using 10
7.3. Configure the network for an Internet server. different search Engines
7.4. Add / Remove devices using Hardware Wizard.  Download E books, PDF
7.5. Add and Manage User Profile, Set permission to files related to computers
the users both in Windows NT and LINUX. using internet
Total 102
5. Learning Facilitation Process:

This course is designed to give the basic knowledge about the concept of computer and
its components. This course includes both practical and theoretical parts that help the students to
increase their ideas, knowledge, skills about computer applications, software, and operating
system and so on.
To achieve this, the teacher himself needs to work on different types of subject matter
that are found either within the field of school or outside. For fulfilling the objective of the
course, the students should especially focus on group discussions, field visit and researches.
To facilitate the learning process, the following methods are to be implemented.

• Disassemble PC and learn different hardware components of computer in computer lab.
• Different Lab works related to different application software like MS word, MS excel,
power point and MS Access is provided to each student under direct supervision
• Project works and exercises are given as assignment.
• Group discussions and power point presentations are provided to develop to work in
groups being technologically bounded.
• Notes of each unit are provided to students for future reference

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Beside these, these activities can also be followed to enhance the learning process.
• Group Discussion
• Field Visit
• Demonstration
• Research
• Questionnaire
• Practical Works
• Audio/Visual Class
• Internet
• Project Works
• Problem Solving.
6. Students Assessment Process

Class work, homework, unit test, terminal test, final test, etc. are the tools to measure student's
knowledge, skill, and performance. Similarly, lab report, attendance, discipline, and performance
are also used to assess the learners' achievement.
Specification Grid
Subject: Computer Applications

In this subject, to evaluate the students knowledge, skill, attitude and performance, the questions
are divided into two group i. e. Theory and Practical. For theoretical part questions and
weightage are given in table A, bellow:
Table A
Class: 9 Time: 1 Hour and 15 Min. Full Marks : 40
Total
Unit Group A Group B Group C
Scope Question
Very Short Short Long
Question Question Question
1 Introduction to Computer 2 1 3
2 Computer System 2 1 1 4
3 Operating System 2 1 1 4
4 Programming languages 1 1 1 3
5 Application of Software 3 1 2 6

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6 Computer Networks and 2 1 1 4

Topologies
7 Internet and Electronic 1 1 2

mail (Email)
Total Questions 13 7 6 26
Questions to Attempt 10 5 5 20
Marks 10 10 20 40
Time 18 18 39 75 min.
(PRACTICAL)
Time: 1 Hour and 45 Min. Full Marks: 60
For Practical examination 60 full marks is divided as follows:
Allocation of practical marks Marks
Attendance 5
Lab report/Practical files 10
Internal assessment 10
Practical Examination 15
Spotting/field report/project work/survey report/drawing 10
Viva 10
Total 60

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Extension and community Development
1. Introduction:
Simply Extension education is a process of Educating needy people aiming the dissemination of the findings. It can
be formal and informal. Agriculture extension is very important in our country. This curriculum aims to provide the
basic knowledge and skills of agriculture extension to disseminate modern agricultural technology to the
community. It also provides awareness to the student about social system, gender concept etc while applying
agriculture extension for the community development.
Extension Education is a two way process. Means it disseminates the new technology to the needy people
and return feedback to the extension worker which help to further improvement. In agriculture farmers are
key persons of extension who live basically in rural area, less literate in our context. Therefore without
using different tools and techniques of extension education there is merely impossible to disseminate the
new technology of agriculture to the farmers.
2. Competencies
1. Acquire general knowledge and skills of agriculture extension in Nepalese context.
2. Apply agriculture extension for the agricultural promotion in the country.
3. Explain the role of extension worker, social system/norms/values and gender concept.
4. Describe the importance of farmer organization and groups for the agricultural and community
development.
At the end of Grade nine, students will be able to:
1. Explain the basic knowledge and skills of extension
2. Apply basic principles and practices of extension in community development
3. Describe the importance of social norms, value and social system with respect to extension
4. Explain importance of forming farmer organization such as farmer groups, cooperatives and
Water Users Organization.

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THEORY
1. Introduction 1.1. Introduction to education, formal and non-formal education and importance 4
in our context.
1.2. Concept and definition of extension education.
1.3. Development of extension education in Nepal and its objective and
importance since then.
1.4. Extension as a communication process.
2. Communication 2.1. Concept of Teaching Learning and factors affecting teaching learning process 7
focusing adult group
2.2. Steps of extension teaching learning process
2.3. Method of communication (extension education)
Individual, Group and Mass communication
2.4. General concept of Model of communication:
Psychological and sociological model
3 Transfer of 3.1. Meaning of diffusion 6

technology
3.2. Classification of adopters and factors affecting adoption
process.
3.3. Functional linkages between research, extension and education
3.4. Role of extension worker in transfer of technology
4 Extension 4.1. Concept and importance of program planning 5

4.2. Program monitoring, evaluation and follow ups
program 4.3. Extension program planning process and decentralization
of program.
planning, 4.4. Need of evaluation of program planning
monitoring and
evaluation

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5 Sociological 5.1. Concept of sociology and rural sociology and their importance in 7
development process.
Concept
5.2.Different Terminologies from the sociological point of view:
• Family
• Group
• Community
• Social structure
• Social custom
• Social values and norms
• Social process
• Culture and social belief
• Institution
6 Social 6.1. Concept and history of social mobilization in Nepal. 8

6.2. Objective social mobilization in extension.
mobilization
6.4. Concept and importance of development,
and community
• Sustainable development
development • Rural and community development
6.5. Major issues and problem of rural and community development program in
Nepal.
8 Group 8.1. Groups: 9

1.1 Concept, Principle and types of group.
formation and
1.2 Procedure of group formation and its role in extension.
1.3 Dynamics of group leader in group management
group
1.4 Group meeting for problem solving and decision making
dynamics 1.5 Types of farmers’ groups and its role in agriculture extension
1.6 Group as a conflict management
8.2. Cooperatives: and water user association
2.1 Concept and development of cooperative and water user association
2.2 Characteristics and principle guidelines of cooperative
2.3 Cooperative education and role of cooperative in rural development
9 Leadership 9.1. Meaning and types of leaders and leadership 7

9.2. Characteristics of good leader
Development 9.3. Selection and development of local leader
9.4. Role of local leaders in extension education and their
effectiveness
10 Gender and 10.1. Concept of gender and gender balance 5

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Development 10.2. Role of gender in development
10.3. Concept of WID, WAD, GAD and gender analysis
11 Need Based 11.1. Meaning and importance of need based training 5
Training 11.2. Method of identification of training needs
Program 11.3. Concept of participatory training and experiential learning
11.4. Importance of training in agricultural development
12 Motivation 12.1. Meaning of motivation and needs in agricultural extension 5
12.2. Factors affecting motivation
12.3. Techniques of motivation of community worker, social

worker and development worker
Total 68
PRACTICAL
S.N Content Area Period
1. Identify and prioritize the farmers’ problems 5
2 Collect information by using RRA method 2
Apply PRA to solve the community problem 3
3 Practices on development of visual aids such as posters, charts, 8

pamphlets, flash cards and graphs
4 Conduct method demonstrations 6
Conduct result demonstrations 7
5 Visit DADO, DLSO and related stakeholders in the district to 14

understand existing extension practices
6 Study of social values and norms in adoption process 7
7 Conduct impact study of rural and community development program 9

in Nepal
8 Conduct case study of a farmer group formed by DADO and/or 9
DLSO

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9 Interview with successful farmers’ group to find out leadership 7

skills
10 In women farmer's group differentiate the changes before and after 7
involving in production activity.
11 Conduct participatory training program 9
12 Apply new innovation of agriculture in laggard area 9
Total 102
5. Learning facilitation process

Specific objective of this curriculum is to develop the specific knowledge on Agriculture sector
including the upliftment in sociological behaviour. Combining both the technical as well as
practical materials, this subject targets in developing knowledge, skill & entrepreneurship in
every student. Too meet the required achievements, the teacher must promote the outdoor and
indoor activities favoring the curriculum also we welcome the creativity in the teaching
procedure. The materials used for learning may be local as well as specified regarding to the
requirement of process.
The teaching method and material of each unit is well elaborated in this section. To meet the
objective of this curriculum the participation of students in group work, implementation on
existing environment, presentation skill development, project complexion and research
methodology are subjected as the key points.
Some important teaching learning methods that can be adopted are given below:
• Visual method
• Demonstration method
• Presentation method
• Project work
• Practical method
• Creative thinking
• Research methodology
• Written method

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• Supervision method
• Observation method
• Exhibition method
• Listening method

Specification Grid
Subject: Extension and community Development

Table A
Class: 9 Times: 1 Hour and 15 Min. Full Marks: 40
Unit Scope Total
Group A Group B Group C Question
1 Introduction 1 1
2 Communication 1 2
1
3 Transfer of technology 1 1 2
4 Extension program planning, 2 1 4
monitoring and evaluation 1
5 Sociological Concept 1 1 2
6 Social mobilization and community 1 1 3
development 1
7 Group formation and group dynamics 2 1 4
1
8 Leadership 1 1 1
Development
9 Gender and 1 3
Development 1
10 Need Based Training 1 2
Program 1

20
11 Motivation 1 2
1
Total Question 13 7 6 26
Attempt Questions 10 5 5 20
Marks 1x10=10 2x5=10 5x4=20 40
Time 18 18 39 75 min.
(PRACTICAL)
Attendance 5
Viva 10
Total 60

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Non-Ruminants Production & Management
1. Introduction:
This course consists of basic knowledge and skills related to non- ruminants’ production
systems focusing on breed characteristics, housing, feeding and general management practices of
Pig, Poultry, Rabbit, Horse, Mule and Dogs.
2. Competencies
1. Acquire basic knowledge and skills related to non- ruminants production

2. Identify the different breeds of non-ruminants.
3. Describe about housing, feeding and general management practices of Pig, Poultry,
Rabbit, Horse, Mule and Dogs.
At the end of Grade 9, students will be able to:

1. Explain the concepts of non-ruminants production systems, focusing on housing, feeding
and general management practices.
2. Apply the skills and knowledge acquired for the production and management of non-
ruminants.
3. Identify the different breeds of non- ruminants

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THEORY
Un
it Scope Content Period
1. Introduction 1.1 Explain the zoological classification of 5
farm animals
1.2 Differentiate between ruminants and
non-ruminants
1.3 Describe the importance, scope of non-
ruminants in Nepal
2. Physiology of non- 2.1 Illustrate digestive system of swine, 12

ruminants poultry, rabbit, horse and dogs
2.2 Explain sexual cycle, gestation and
parturition in non-ruminants
2.3 Describe mechanism of digestion in
non-ruminants
2.4 Illustrate reproductive system of swine,
poultry, rabbit, horse and dogs
3. Swine production and 3.1 Native breeds of pig and their 16

management characteristics
3.2 Exotic breeds of pigs and their
characteristics
3.3 Planning a piggery farm
3.4 Housing requirements for different age
groups of pig
3.5 Nutrient requirement of swine and
deficiency symptoms
3.6 Feeding different age groups of pig
3.7 Care and management of sow, boar,
piglet, gilt & fatteners
3.8 Common diseases & parasites of swine
3.9 Prevention of different diseases &
parasites in swine

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4 Poultry production 4.1 Classification of fowl 15

and management 4.2 Common breeds of fowl and their
characteristics
4.3 Housing systems of fowl
4.4 Brooding management of chicks
4.5 Formation, structure and nutritive value
of eggs
4.6 Selection of hatching eggs and
incubator management
4.7 Housing and feeding management of
broiler and layers
4.8 Nutrient requirement of fowl and
deficiency symptoms
4.9 Common diseases of fowl and their
prevention
5 Other non-ruminants 5.1 Common breeds of rabbit and their 10

farming characters
5.2 Common breeds of equine and their
characters
5.3 Common breeds of dog and their
characters
5.4 Nutrient requirements of dog, horse
and rabbit
5.5 Feeding the dog, horse and rabbit
6 Non-ruminants farm 6.1 Ear notching, castration and removal of 10

operations needle teeth in swine
6.2 Culling, debeaking and light
management in fowl
6.3 Restraining of non-ruminants
6.4 Breeding plan to avoid unwanted
pregnancies & in-breeding
6.5 Care of dog, horse and rabbit
Total 68

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PRACTICAL
Unit Content Period
1 Identify the breeds of swine, fowl, dog, horse and rabbit 12
2 Identify the external body parts of non-ruminants swine, fowl, dog, 15

horse and rabbit
3 Estimate the body weight of swine 4
4 Detect heat symptoms of sow 4
5 Perform grading of eggs 4
6 Select hatching eggs and set for incubation 6
7 Prepare the brooding pen for chicks 4
8 Restrain the swine, fowl, dog, horse and rabbit 10
9 Prepare a deep litter room for poultry rearing 7
10 Prepare vaccination plan for broiler and layers 7
11 Prepare vaccination plan for swine and dogs 3
12 Perform debeaking of fowl 5
13 Cull the poultry birds 4
14 Identify the sex of rabbit 2
15 Perform ear notching in pigs 5
16 Maintain farm records of production and management activities 4
17 Perform housing management of poultry. 6
Total 102

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• Visual method
• Project work
• Written method

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Specification Grid
Subject Non-Ruminants Production & Management
Table A
Class: 9 Time: 1 Hour and 15 Min. Full Marks: 40
Unit Scope Group A Group B Group C Total Question
1 Introduction 2 3
1
2 Physiology of non- 2 2 5
ruminants
1
3 Swine production 2 2 6
and management
2
4 Poultry production 2 2 5
and management
1
5 Other non- 2 4
ruminants farming
2
6 Non-ruminants farm 3 3
operations
Attempt any 10 5 5 20
Marks 10 10 20 40
Time 18 18 39 75 min.

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(PRACTICAL)
Attendance 5
Viva 10
Total 60

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Animal Nutrition and Fodder Production

1. Introduction:
This course is designed for students of class nine to acquaint them with the fundamental
knowledge and skills on animal nutrition and fodder production. Various aspects of animal
nutrition and fodder production are dealt with an especial reference to Nepalese context.
Practical field situation will be the main focus while dealing with the subject and the students
will be encouraged to look around them and identify the animal nutrition and fodder production
situation and explore the ways to improve it.
2. Competencies
1. Acquire knowledge of animal nutrition and fodder production
2. Apply knowledge and skill of animal nutrition and fodder production for cost effective
production of healthy livestock

1. Explain the concepts of animal nutrition and fodder production
2. Apply knowledge and skills of animal nutrition and fodder production for cost effective
production of healthy livestock.
3. Analyze practical situations of animal nutrition and feeding practices at farmer’s level

29
THEORY
1. Concept of Animal 1.1. Explain animal nutrition and its scope and 5
Nutrition importance.
1.2. Define some terminologies of animal nutrition.
1.3. Describe the situation of animal nutrition in Nepal
2. Feed stuffs 2.1. Classification of feed stuffs 5

2.2. Composition of feed stuffs
2.3 Roughages and concentrates
3 Nutrient composition Functions and deficiency symptoms of 6

of feed stuffs and their 3.1 Water
Functions in animal 3.2. Carbohydrates
body 3.3. Lipids,
3.4. Proteins
4 Minerals and vitamins Functions and deficiency symptoms of 7

in livestock feeding and 4.1. Phosphorus, calcium, potassium, sodium, sulfur,
their functions in magnesium and trace minerals
animal body 4.2. Fat soluble vitamins, water soluble vitamins and the
vitamins of B Complex.
5 Feeds 5.1. Feed ingredients 4

5.2Processing, mixing and storage of feeds
6 Energy 6.1 Introduction 4

Types of energy

30
7 Nutrition requirements 7.1. Dairy cattle 7

of different stages and 7.2. Buffaloes
conditions of farm 7.3. Goat and Sheep
animals and birds 7.4. Poultry
7.5. Swine
8 Introduction to the 10.1 Terminology related to the fodder production 4

fodder production 10.2 Importance and scope of fodder production.
10.3 Classification of forage crops
9 Cultivation practice 11.1 Common annual cereal fodder/forage (maize, 14

teosinte, bajara, oat, jowar, Deenanath)
11.2 Common perennial fodder/forages (Napier, Para,
Guinea, Seteria, Rhodes, Blue panic, Molasses,
paspalum )
11.3 Common annual legumes (Cowpea, Pea, Joint
vetch, Berseem and Beans)
11.4 Common perennial legumes ( Stylosanthes,
Lucerne, Kudju, Centro, Kote, Forage peanut)
11.5 Common fodder trees (IpilIpilmTanki, Badahar,
Kimbu, Kabro)
10 Pasture/rangeland 12.1 Importance and scope of pasture/rangeland 6

management management in Nepal.
12.2 Animal feeding systems and Grazing systems in
Nepal
12.3 Plant poisoning in pasture and their management
12.4 Factors affecting pasture/rangeland management
11 Conservation of 13.1 Hay making 4
fodder/forages 13.2 Silage making
12 Economy in Livestock 14.1 Economy in Livestock feeding 2
feeding
Total 68

31
PRACTICAL
Unit Content Area Period
1 Identify common grass, forage legumes, and fodder trees 9
2 Identify common feed ingredients for farm animals and 8

poultry birds
3 Carryout cultivation practices of common annual and 20
perennial grasses and legumes.
4 Prepare seasonal calendar of different cereal fodder and 15
legumes considering sowing and harvesting time to supply
green fodder all the year round
5 Prepare a herbarium of common fodder/forage/legumes and 10
fodder trees.
6 Develop a fodder tree nursery 8
7 Prepare Mineral Block 9
8 Prepare Hay 8
9 Prepare Silage 8
10 Visit DLSO or any fodder nursery to observe and 7

experience about fodder/forage production activities
Total 102


32
• Visual method
• Project work
• Written method

Specification Grid
Subject: Animal Nutrition and Fodder Production

Table A
Class: 9 Time:1 Hour and 15 Min. Full Marks : 40
Unit Scope Total
Very
Short Short Long

33
1 Concept of Animal 1 1 2
Nutrition
2 Feed stuffs 2 - 3
1
3 Nutrient composition of 1 1 3
feed stuffs and their
Functions in animal body
1
4 Minerals and vitamins in 1 1 3
livestock feeding and their
functions in animal body
1
5 Feeds 1 - 2
1
6 Energy 1 - 2
1
7 Nutrition requirements of 1 - 1
different stages and
conditions of farm animals
and birds
--
8 Introduction to the fodder 1 1 2
production
-
9 Cultivation practice 2 1 3
-
10 Pasture/rangeland 1 - 2
management
1
11 Conservation of 1 - 2
fodder/forages
1
12 Economy in Livestock - 1 1
feeding
-

34
Marks 10 10 20 40
Time 18 18 39 75 min.
(PRACTICAL)
Attendance 5
Viva 10
Total 60

35
Large Ruminants Production and Management
1. Introduction:
This course consists of the basic skills and knowledge on livestock
production system and improved management practices of large ruminants.
2. Competencies
1. Explain improved management practices of large ruminants.

2. Describe basic skills and knowledge on livestock production system

1. Explain livestock production system and improved management practices of
large ruminants.
2. Apply the basic knowledge and skills for livestock production and improved
management practices of large ruminants.

36
THEORY
Unit
Scope Content Period
1. Introduction 1.1 Introduction of Animal Husbandry and livestock 3
farming system
1.2 Zoological classification of common domestic
animals; differences and examples of ruminant
and non ruminant animals
2. Basic 2.1 The external parts of a cow 5
Anatomy and 2.2 The digestive organs of ruminants
Physiology of 2.3 Animal blood; functions of blood and components
Animal of blood
3 Mechanisms 3.1 Male reproductive organs and their functions 12
of large 3.2 Female reproductive organs and their functions
ruminants 3.3 The sexual cycle; detection of heat,
reproduction 3.4 General hormones affecting male and female
reproductive system.
4 Animal 4.1 Selection of animal and traits of selection 10

breeding and 4.2 Systems of breeding
artificial 4.3 Artificial insemination, its advantages and
insemination limitations
4.4 Basic concept of animal genetic resource
conservation
4.5 Insemination techniques
4.6 Introduction of animal breeding and importance
of AI program in Nepal
5 Common 5.1 Indigenous Nepalese breeds of cattle and 5
cattle & buffaloes including Yak, Nak and Chauries
buffalo 5.2 Foreign dairy breeds of cattle and buffaloes
breeds & their commonly found in Nepal
characteristics

37
6 Routine dairy 6.1 Handling, transporting restraining and casting of 10

farm cattle and buffaloes
operations 6.2 Weighing and identification of farm animals;
branding, tagging, notching, and tattooing
6.3 Ageing of cattle and buffaloes
6.4 Grooming, dehorning/disbudding of cattle and
buffaloes
6.5 Dehorning
6.6 Castration and ducking
Care and 7.1 Site selection and housing for cattle and buffaloes 10
7 management 7.2 Care of lactating female
of large 7.3 Calf rearing
ruminants 7.4 Rearing of draft animals and breeding bulls
7.5 Care of pregnant animal
7.6 Care of diseased and sick animal
8 Selection of 8.1 Types, purpose, criteria and use of different 2

animal scoring methods
9 Maintenance 9.1 Sign of ill health and causes of diseases 9
of animal 9.2 Types of diseases: on the basis of duration,
health causes and systems affected
9.3 Common ecto and endo parasites and their
control
10 Dairy farm 10.1 Types of dairy farm records and record keeping 2
books and
records
keeping
Total 68

38
PRACTICAL
Unit Content Hours Period
1 Identify external body parts of large animals 9
2 Identify the digestive organs of ruminants, 9
3 Identify common breeds of cattle and buffaloes 7
4 Identify reproductive organs of male and female ruminants 9
5 Identify AI equipments and observe AI technique 5
6 Perform identification of large ruminants (tagging, tattooing, 5
branding)
7 Observe drenching and large ruminants against external / internal 6
parasites/worms
8 Practice routine farm operations: Handling, transporting 18
restraining and casting, ageing, weighing, grooming,
dehorning/disbudding, castration, ducking
9 Carryout record keeping practices for farm animals 4
10 Perform judging of animals for selection using different scoring 5

methods
11 Observe and experience about artificial insemination practices. 4
12 Visit dairy farm to observe housing and care and management of 18
cattle and buffaloes
13 Perform heat detection of female animals 3
Total 102


39
• Visual method
• Project work
• Written method


40
Specification Grid
Subject : Large Ruminants Production and Management
Table A
Class: 9 Time:1 Hour and 15 Min. Full Marks : 40

Unit Scope
Group A Group B Group C Total
Very Short Short Long Question
1 Introduction 1 2
1
2 Basic Anatomy and Physiology of 1 1 2
Animal
3 Mechanisms of large ruminants 2 1 3
reproduction
4 Animal breeding and artificial 1 1 4
insemination
2
5 Common cattle & buffalo breeds & their 2 1 3
characteristics
6 Routine dairy farm operations 1 1 2
7 Care and management of large 2 1 4

ruminants
1
8 Selection of animal 1 2
1
9 Maintenance of animal health 2 2
10 Dairy farm books and records keeping 1 1 2
Marks 10 10 20 40
Time 18 18 39 75 min.

41
(PRACTICAL)
Attendance 5
Viva 10
Total 60

42
Animal Health 1
1. Introduction:
This course includes basic knowledge and skills on organisms causing

disease, systemic diseases, preventive and control measures of disease,
common medicines and examination of sick animals. It also includes first
aid procedures on surgical and gynecological aspect.
2. Competencies
1. Perform clinical examination of animals,

2. Identify organisms causing diseases,
3. Carryout preventive and control measures of diseases,
4. Identify common medicines
5. Treat systemic diseases,
6. Perform simple first aid procedures on surgical and gynecological conditions
3. Learning Outcomes:
1. Perform clinical examination of animals,

3. Carryout preventive and control measures of diseases,
4. Identify common medicines
5. Treat systemic diseases,
6. Perform simple first aid procedures on surgical and gynecological conditions

43

THEORY
Uni
t Scope Content Period
1. Concept of 1.1 Definition of health and disease. 7
health and 1.2 Terminologies related to veterinary science
disease 1.3 Sign of health and disease
1.4 Classification of disease
2. Microbiology 2.1 Definitions & terminology 15

and parasitology 2.2 Organisms causing infectious diseases: bacteria,
virus, parasite and fungus
2.3 Differences between bacteria and virus
2.4 Immunity and immunization(vaccination)
2.5 Common internal and external parasites, their
characteristics and control measures
3. Pharmacology 3.1 Introduction of pharmacology 5

3.2 Route of drugs/medicines administration
3.3 Antibiotics,
3.4 Factors affecting dosage of drugs
3.5 Poisoning; nitrate, organophosphates, snake bites.
4 Anatomy and 4.1 Anatomy
physiology • Introduction 8
• Different tissues of animal body
4.2 Physiology
• Introduction
• Animal cell: structure and functions
• Functions of different systems of livestock
and poultry
• Reproductive hormones and their functions
5 Systemic 5.1 Digestive system: stomatitis, tympany,
disease of impaction, diarrhea and dysentery 16
livestock 5.2 Respiratory system,: cough and pneumonia
5.3 Circulatory system: anemia
5.4 Urinary system: nephritis and retention of urine
5.5 Reproductive system: merits and retention of
placenta
5.6 Nervous system: laminitis and GID
5.7 Skin: dermatomycosis, allergy
6 Pathology 6.1 Introduction 6
6.2 Inflammatory status of stomach, intestine, liver,
kidney, lung, heart and mammary gland
7 First aid on 7.1 Wounds/injuries 11

surgical and 7.2 Dislocation and fracture
gynecological 7.3 Infertility / anoestrous
cases 7.4 Dystocia
7.5 Prolapse
7.6 Euthanasia
Total 68

44
PRACTICAL
Unit Content Period
1 Differentiate healthy and sick animals 7
2 Perform clinical examination of animals 26

• perform history talking/ physical examination (examine general
appearance)
• Perform clinical examination (temperature, pulse, respiration,
palpation, percussion and auscultation)
• Examine animal movement and behavior
• Perform rectal examination
• Examine different body parts
3 Prepare tincture iodine and Lugol’s iodine solution 6
4 Prepare common ointments and mixtures 6
5 Administer drugs through different routes 7
6 Perform sterilization of glassware and media 5
7 Perform physical examination of urine 6
8 Collect blood from different parts of animals 3
9 Perform disinfections of shades and buildings 6
10 Treat wound 5
11 Perform management of fracture in animals 8
12 Restrain different types of animal 6
13 Perform rumen motility test 7
14 Prepare thin blood smears 2
15 Prepare thick blood smears 2
Total 102

45

• Visual method
• Project work
• Written method


46
Specification Grid
Subject :Animal Health 1
Table A
Unit Scope Total
1 Concept of health and 2 1 4
disease
1
2 Microbiology and 2 - 4
parasitology
2
3 Pharmacology 1 - 2
1
4 Anatomy and physiology 2 1 5
2
5 Systemic disease of 3 2 5
livestock
6 Pathology 2 2
7 First aid on surgical 1 2 4

and gynecological cases
1
Marks 10 10 20 40
Time 18 18 39 75 min.

47
(PRACTICAL)
Attendance 5
Viva 10
Total 60

48
Class -10

49
Farm Management and Marketing
1. Introduction:
This course includes the basic skills and knowledge related to the principles and practices of
farm management and marketing of agricultural commodities, the process of achieving the
objectives of the business organization by bringing together human, physical, and financial
resources in an optimum combination and making the best decision for the organization while
taking into consideration its operating environment.
To achieve objectives effective utilization and coordination of resources such as capital, plant,
materials, and labour to achieve defined objectives with maximum efficiency is necessary.
The management process through which goods and services move from concept to the customer.
It includes the coordination of four elements called the 4 P's of marketing:
(1) Identification, selection and development of a product,
(2) Determination of price,
(3) Selection of a distribution channel to reach the customer's place, and
(4) Development and implementation of a promotional strategy.
2. Competencies
1. Explain/familiarize with different technologies of farm management.

2. Develop the skill of production and marketing of agricultural commodity.
3. Prepare farm budgeting and planning.
4. Identify farm resources.
At the end of Grade Ten, students will be able to:
1. Explain principles and practices of farm management and marketing of agricultural

commodities.
2. Manage farm and market of agriculture commodities.

50

THEORY
1. Basic economics 1.1 Definition: Adam Smith, Marshall 11

and Robinson
1.2 Subject matter and nature of

economics
1.3 Basic concepts
1.3.1 Goods
1.3.2 Utility
1.3.3 Value and wealth
1.3.4 Equilibrium
1.3.5 Margin
1.3.6 cost
1.4 Price effect and income effect
1.5 Law of demand and law of supply
1.6 Law of diminishing marginal utility.
1.6.1 Meaning
2.6.1 Consumption
3.6.1 Limitation
1.7 Market structures
1.10.1 Market forms
1.10.2 Characteristics
Production factors 2.1 Land 5
2. 2.2 Labor

51
2.3 Capital
2.4 Management
3 Introduction to 3.1 Definition, nature and scope 6

farm management
3.2 Objective of farm management
3.3 Importance and relationship with

other Disciplines
4 Farm Economics 4.1 Farm Resources 6
4.2 Farm Power
4.3 Variable and Fixed Cost
4.4 Cost and Return Analysis
5 Some common 5.1 Productivity/ Yield 7

terminology used
5.2 Cost principle
in Farm
Management and 5.3 Principle of substitution
Marketing
5.4 Intensification and Diversification
5.5 Marketing Strategy and Linkage
6 Farm planning 6.1 Principles 3
6.2 Techniques
Farm budgeting 7.1 Partial and complete budgeting 3
7 7.2 Steps in farm planning and

budgeting
8 Farm record, 8.1 Introduction 4

account and farm
inventory
9 Concept of 9.1 Definition 6

cooperative
9.2 Organization/structures

52
9.3 Roles
9.4 Cooperative marketing
9.5 Cooperative farming
9.6 Nepalese experiences
10 Agriculture 10.1 Meaning and concept 6

marketing and
10.2 Nature of agricultural commodities
management
10.3 Classification of markets
11 Marketing 11.1 Physical, exchange and facilitating 6

functions and functions
Marketing
11.2 Marketing channels
channels
11.3 Cost and selection of best channel
for distribution of commodities
12 Price variation: Introduction 2

Spatial and
temporal
13 Conceptual 13.1 International trade 3

meaning
13.2 WTO and Nepal
Total 68
PRACTICAL
S.N. Activities Period
1 Explore the five examples of price, wealth and value, utility and 8
goods
2 Show equilibrium condition and margin 6
3 Calculate marginal utility (MU) and total utility (TU) 8
4 Present Graph of MU and TU 6

53
5 Estimate income elasticity 6
6 Calculate of cost curve 6
7 Derive demand and supply (including price determination 7

curve)
8 Calculate cost (Variable, fixed, method of depreciation, cost of 7

production
9 Prepare income statement 8
10 Prepare net worth statement 6
11 Visit farm area for farm record, survey, cost of production, 10

analysis of available farm records, efficiency measure
12 Differentiate among different types of markets in Nepal 6
13 Prepare partial and complete budgeting 5
14 Prepare farm plan 13
Total 102

• Visual method

54
• Project work
• Written method

Specification Grid
Subject: Farm Management and Marketing
Table A
Unit Scope Total
1 Basic economics 1 1 2

55
2 Production factors 1 2
1
3 Introduction to farm 1 1 3
management
1
4 Farm Economics 1 1 2
5 Some common terminology 1 2

used in Farm Management
and Marketing
1
6 Farm planning 1 2
1
7 Farm budgeting 1 1 2
8 Farm record, account and 1 2

farm inventory
1
9 Concept of cooperative 1 2
1
10 Agriculture marketing and 1 1 2

management
11 Marketing functions and 1 2

Marketing channels
1
12 Price variation: Spatial and 1 1
temporal
13 Conceptual meaning 1 2
1
Marks 1x10=10 2x5=10 5x4=20 40
Time 18 18 39 75 min.

56
(PRACTICAL)
Attendance 5
Viva 10
Total 60

57
Aquaculture and Fisheries
Grade: 10 Theory: 40 Full Marks (68 Period) Practical: 60 Full Marks (102
Period)
1. Introduction:
This course consists of technology, knowledge and skill about aquaculture and fisheries
in high hills, mid hills and Terai which will be transfered to the student to utilize available
natural and ground water resources within the country. This course also consists of indigenous
and exotic fish species, their identification and body identification. The sources of water and soil
test is important for construction of fish pond. The fertilizers used in fish pond are should be of
good quality and they should be based on the habit and habitat of fish species. The identification
of fish diseases should be at appropriate time and treatment of diseases is so much important in
fisheries. The predators on fish pond should be identified and will should adopt suitable control
measures. In nepal present situation of fisheries have gradually increases so rearing, harvesting,
packaging and transportation of fish have been properly mentioned. In addition, curriculum
includes pond fish culture, race way trout culture, aquarium management & ornamental fish
culture, cage culture in lakes and reservoir, fish breeding, disease diagnosis and control, fish
transport and marketing, aquatic animals and their environment etc. The problems and
opprtunities in fish production are clearly identified and over come of these problems has also
based on the technology used in fish production. The low cost production should be practised as
well as possible.
2. Competencies
1. Conceptualize fish culture and explain site selection for fish culture,
2. Rear fish with modern system and utilization of old and traditional pond,
3. Explain natural and artificial breeding of fish
4. Identify fish diseases and control methods
5. Protect fish from predator and develop different feed for fish.
1. Produce different species of fish

58

THEORY
Unit Scope Period
Content
1. Introduction 1.1 Basic principles of fish culture 4

1.2. Habit and habitat of improved fish varieties
1.3. Indigenous and exotic fish species, their

identification and body structure
1.4. Farm design and pond construction
Construction of fish 2.1. Pond survey and lay out 5

2. pond 2.2. Soil test
2.3. Water source
2.4. Appropriate land for fish culture
2.5. Types of pond used in aquaculture,

construction of dyke, inlet and out let
2.6. Cost estimation for pond construction
3 Management of fish 3.1. Cleaning and maintenance and use of lime 5

pond in fish ponds
3.2. Preparation and management of fish pond
3.3. Use of feed and fertilizer in fish pond and its

importance
3.4. Organic fertilizer
3.5. Chemical fertilizer
3.6. Pellet feed

4 Importance of 4.1. Water quality (Physical parameters) 4
water quality in
4.2. Water quality (Chemical parameters)
fish culture
4.3. Biological quality of water (Limnological

59
parameters)
5 Fish culture system 5.1. Mono culture (Tilapia, Pangasius, Common

carp and Mangur) 7
5.2. Poly culture of fish and its importance
5.3. Importance of integrated fish farming (Fish

cum livestock)
5.4. Fingerlings production in paddy field
6 Common fish 6.1. Fish disease, identification and control 5

measure
disease, prevention
6.2. Fish disease caused by parasite, their
and treatment treatment and control measure
6.3. Bacterial and viral disease, treatment and

control
6.4. Water quality parameters and their

importance in fish culture
Type of nets used 7.1. Fry net 4
7 in aquaculture and
7.2. Drag net
their protection
7.3. Gill net
7.4. Cast net

8. Utilization of 8.1. Management and utilization of old ponds 6
village ponds in fish

8.2. Aquatic weeds and the control method
culture
8.3. Fish predators and control methods
9 Fisheries extension, 9.1. Present fisheries extension in Nepal 8
marketing and
9.2. Harvesting method

60
preservation 9.3. Use of ice for fish transport
9.5. Fish packaging method
9.6. Fish transportation method
9.7. Importance of fish marketing
9.8. Fish preservation methods: salting, smoking,

freezing and canning
9.9. Cost benefit analysis

10 Fish brood 10.1Introduction of breeding 3
management and
10.2. Types of breeding
breeding methods
10.3 Nursing methods of hatchling, fry and
fingerlings
11 Improved fodder Improved fodder grass used in Grass Carp 4
grass used in Grass

Carp 11.1. Barsim grass
11.2. Nepiar grass
11.3 Sudan grass
11.4. Para grass
11.5. Ray grass

12 Fish farming in Fish farming in natural water bodies 5
natural water
bodies
12.1. Conservation and management of Natural

water bodies
12.2. Identification of fish species released in

natural water bodies
12.3. Enclosure and cage culture in natural

water bodies

61
12.4. Design and construction of raceways
12.5. Trout culture and production technology

13 Ornamental fish Ornamental fish and aquarium management 4
and aquarium
management
14. Problems 14.1. Problems and opportunities in fish 4
associated with fish production

culture in Nepal
and their solution 14.2. Problems and solutions in fish prodution of
Nepal
Total 68
PRACTICAL
S.N Activities Period
1 Identify external and internal organs of fish 7
2 Differentiate between of male and female fish 6
3 Layout and design pond 4
4 Identify the different Equipments and their uses in fish 5

culture, breeding
5 Brood fish, fry and fingerlings pack and 7
transport
6 Identification of planktons and weeds consumed by 6
grass carp
7 Use of chemical and medicines in fish farming 5
8 Perform methods of fish seed stocking, growth check up, 7

feed, fertilizer and lime application
9 Perform water quality test 6
10 Prepare snake trap to control snake 7

62
11 Prepare pellet method 8
12 Rear of fish hatchlings 5
13 Design of trout raceways 6
14 Differentiate between helthy and diseased 6

fish
15 Prepare of drag net 5
16 Harvest fish using different methods 6
17 Pack fish in ice for transportaion 6

upto market
Total 102

• Visual method
• Project work

63
• Written method

Specification Grid
Subject: Aquaculture and Fisheries

Table A
Unit Scope Total
1 Introduction 2 3
1
2 Construction of fish pond 2 2
3 Management of fish pond 1 2

1
4 Importance of water 1 2
quality in fish culture
1
5 Fish culture system 1 1 2
6 Common fish disease, 1 2

1

64
prevention and treatment
7 Type of nets used in 1 1

aquaculture and their
protection
8 Utilization of village 1 1
ponds in fish culture
9 Fish brood management 1 1 3

and breeding methods
1
10 Improved fodder grass 2 3
used in Grass Carp
1
11 Fish farming in natural 1 1 2
water bodies
12 Ornamental fish and 1 2

aquarium management
1
13 problems associated with 1 1
fish culture in Nepal and
their solution
Marks 1x10=10 2x5=10 5x4=20 40
Time 18 18 39 75 min.

65
(PRACTICAL)
Attendance 5
Viva 10
Total 60

66
Dairy and Dairy Products

1. Introduction:
This course consists of basic knowledge and skills on milk, milk processing and
milk products
2. Competencies
1. Conceptualize with milk, milk processing and milk products.
2. Describe milk processing.
3. Prepare of common dairy products.

1. Explain milk, milk processing and milk products
2. Process milk
3. Make/prepare common dairy products

67
THEORY
Unit
1. Milk 1.1 Definition of milk and colostrums 9
1.2 Composition and nutritive value of milk
1.3 Physical properties of milk
1.4 Factors affecting the composition of milk
1.5 Flavors and off-flavors
2. Lactation 2.1 Anatomy and physiology of mammary gland 7

2.2 Hormones affecting for gland development,
lactation and Involution
2.3 Milk synthesis process
3 Dairy 2.1 Introduction of the branches and scope. 8

2.2 History and importance of dairy sector.
2.3 Status of production, collection,
Processing and marketing (including demand
and supply) of milk and milk products in Nepal.
3.4 Importance of milk and milk products
4 Clean milk 4.1 Methods of milking: hand and machine 5

production milking.
4.2 Clean milk production: concept and methods
5 Micro-organisms 5.1 Raw milk 6

common to: 5.2 Pasteurized milk
5.3 Milk products
6 Milk quality and 6.1 Concept of milk quality 9

its test 6.2 Characteristics of quality milk
6.3 Factors affecting milk quality
6.4 Quality assurance in milk collection
6.5 Organoleptic test
6.6 Alcohol test
6.7 COB test
6.8 Fat test
6.9 SNF test
6.10 Tests of processed milk

68
7 Buying and 7.1 Buying and collection from venders and 6

collection of producers
milk 7.2 Selection of producers from milk collection
7.3 Payment systems based on weight, volume,
fat and SNF
8 Reception and 8.1 Reception and storage : 9

pretreatment of 8.1.1 Intake of milk in cans or from tankers
milk 8.1.2 Storage of milk
8.2 Platform sampling and testing
8.3 Pretreatment
8.3.1 Clarification
8.3.2 Cream separation
8.3.3 Homogenization
8.3.4 Standardization
9 Heat treatment 9.1 Objectives of heat treatment 5

of milk and 9.2 Introduction of Pasteurization
processing of 9.3 Packaging, storage and distribution of
liquid milk processed milk
10 Cleaning and 10.1 Milk utensil on farm 4

sanitation 10.2 Milk plant line in place
10.3 Sanitizing utensil and equipment
11 Manufacture of 11.1 Importance of milks products 9

dairy products 11.2 Methods of preparation of
11.2.1 Butter and ghee
11.2.2 Yoghurt and lassi
Channa and paneer
Khoa, Cheese, Condensed milk
Milk powder
Ice creamChurpi
11.3 Cost of different dairy products
11.4 Legal standardization of different dairy
products in Nepal
11.5 Organizations working in dairy sector and their
functions.
Total 68
PRACTICAL

69
1 Draw structure of mammary gland and labeling it. 2

2 Identify commonly used dairy equipments 4
3 Perform milking of animal using hygienic techniques 10
• Prepare animal
• Prepare stables
• Prepare equipment
• Treat udder and treat before and after milking
• Practice hand milking with care of sanitation measures
4 Take sampling of milk 2
5 Perform fat testing using Gerber’s Method 3
6 Perform specific gravity, SNF and total solid test 5
7 Perform quality control tests for milk and milk products 16
• Perform clot on boiling test.
• Perform alcohol test
• Perform lactometer test.
• Perform tests of some most common adulteration
8 Identify different dairy products produced in Nepal 7
9 Identify different parts of cream separator and perform cream 5
separation
10 Perform standardization of milk 4
11 Prepare curd, khuwa, lassi, chhana, panir, butter and ghee. 24
12 Visit dairy processing plant to observe following activities: 20
Homogenization, pasteurization, packaging, storage, cleaning and
sanitation, manufacturing of cheese, butter, ice cream, ghee and
others,
Total 102


70
• Visual method
• Project work
• Written method

Specification Grid
Subject :Dairy and Dairy Products

71
Table A

Unit Scope Total
1 Dairy 1 1 2
2 Lactation 1 1 2
3 Milk 1 1 2
4 Clean milk production 1 2

1
5 Micro organisms 1 2
common to:
1
6 Milk qualityand its test 1 1 3
1
7 Buying and collection of 1 2
milk
1
8 Reception and 2 3
pretreatment of milk
1
9 Heat treatment of milk 1 1 2
and processing of liquid
milk
10 Cleaning and sanitation 1 2

1
11 Manufacture of dairy 2 1 4
products
1
Marks 10 10 20 40
Time 18 18 39 75 min.

72
(PRACTICAL)
Attendance 5
Viva 10
Total 60

73
Small Ruminants Production & Management
1. Introduction:
This course consists of basic knowledge and skills related to small ruminants’ production
systems, focusing on breed characteristics, housing, feeding and general management
practices of sheep and goats
2. Competencies
1. Conceptualize about small ruminant's production &management.

2. Identify the different breeds of small ruminants.
3. Explain production systems, focusing on housing, feeding.
4. Apply general management practices of sheep and goats production.
1. Explain the concepts of small ruminant's production systems, focusing on breed

characteristics, housing, feeding and general management practices of sheep and goats.
2. Produce and manage the small ruminants.

74
THEORY
Uni
t Scope Content Period
1. Introduction 1.4 Sheep and goat population in Nepal and 3
their distribution
1.5 Importance of small ruminant farming
in Nepal
2. Breeds of sheep 2.5 Native breeds of sheep and their 5
characteristics
2.6 Exotic breeds of sheep and their
characteristics
3. Breeds of goats 3.10 Native breeds of goats and their 5
characteristics
3.11 Exotic breeds of goats and their
characteristics
4 Terminology 4.10 Ram, ewe, wither, lamb, lambing, buck, 6

used in small doe, kid, kidding etc.
ruminants 4.11 Castration, disbudding, shearing,
docking, grooming, tagging, flushing
etc.
5 Farming systems 5.6 Transhumance, migratory, sedentary 4

of small and stall-feeding system
ruminants 5.7 Advantage and disadvantages of
different systems
6 Housing 6.6 Site selection for sheep and goat farm 3

6.7 Housing requirements for sheep and
goats
6.8 Designs for sheep and goat sheds
7 Digestive 7.1 The digestive organs of small ruminants 5

physiology of 7.2 Functions of different parts of digestive
small ruminants system
7.3 Mechanism of digestion in sheep and
goats

75
8 Reproductive 8.1 Structure and functions of male and 5

physiology of female reproductive organs
small ruminants 8.2 Hormonal control of male and female
reproduction.
8.3 The sexual cycle, detection of heat,
fertilization & gestation
9 Breeding 9.1 Types of breeding and seasonality of 6

management breeding pattern
9.2 Selective breeding and productivity
enhancement
9.3 In-breeding, negative selection and its
consequences
10 Feeding 10.1 Feeding requirements of breeding buck 6
management of and doe
sheep and goats 10.2 Feeding requirements of ram and ewe
10.3 Preparation of homemade balanced feed
10.4 Eating behaviour of sheep & goats and
grazing management
11 Care and 11.1 Care and management of breeding male 5

management of 11.2 Care and management of pregnant
small ruminants female
11.3 Care and management of newly born
11.4 Colostrums feeding and its advantages
12 Health 12.1 Introduction on common endo-parasites 13

management of of sheep and goats and their control.
small ruminants 12.2 Introduction on ecto-parasites of sheep
and goats and their control.
12.3 Drenching schedule for sheep and goats
12.4 Common bacterial diseases of sheep and
goats
12.5 Common viral diseases of sheep and
goats.
12.6 Symptoms, treatment, and control of
different viral diseases.
12.7 Measures to keep the flock healthy
12.8 Vaccination schedule.
13 Record keeping 13.1 Importance of farm records 2

13.2 Record keeping in small ruminant farm
Total 68

76
PRACTICAL
1 Identify the different breeds of sheep and goats 4
2 Identify external body parts of sheep and goats 7
3 Identify the different parts of digestive system 9
4 Identify the different parts of reproductive system 9
5 Restrain the sheep and goats 5
6 Castrate the male goats using Burdizzo castrator method 8
7 Estimate the age of sheep and goats by dentition method 6
8 Estimate the weight of sheep and goats by formula method 8
9 Perform tagging 8
10 Perform shearing of sheep 8
11 Formulate rations for different age and category 9
12 Prepare vaccination plan for sheep and goats 8
13 Perform dipping 5
14 Keep farm records of production and management activities 8
Total 102


77
• Visual method
• Project work
• Written method


78
Specification Grid
Subject :Small Ruminants Production & Management
Table A

Unit Scope
Group A Group B Group C Total
Very Short Short Long Question
1 Introduction 1 1 2
-
2 Breeds of sheep 1 - 2
1
3 Breeds of goats 1 - 2
1
4 Terminology used in small ruminants 3 - 3
-
5 Farming systems of small ruminants 1 - 2
1
6 Housing 1 1 2
-
7 Digestive physiology of small ruminants 2 - 3
1
8 Reproductive physiology of small 2 1 4
ruminants
1
9 Breeding management - 1 1
-
10 Feeding management of sheep and goats - - 1
1
11 Care and management of small ruminants - 1 1
-
12 Health management of small ruminants 1 1 2
-
13 Record keeping - - 1
1
Marks 10 10 20 40
Time 18 18 39 75 min.

79
(PRACTICAL)
Attendance 5
Viva 10
Total 60

80
Animal Health II
1. Introduction:
This course includes knowledge and skill on various diseases caused by helminthes,
protozoa, bacteria, virus, and fungi including metabolic and zoonotic diseases of livestock
and poultry and increase knowledge on various diseases caused by helminthes, protozoa,
bacteria, virus, and fungi including metabolic and zoonotic diseases of livestock and poultry.
2. Competencies
1. Perform examination of patients,
3. Treat common diseases of livestock and poultry caused by bacteria, helminthes, protozoa,
virus, and fungi.
1. Treat common diseases of livestock and poultry caused by helminthes

2. Treat common diseases of livestock and poultry caused by protozoa
3. Treat common diseases of livestock and poultry caused by bacteria
4. Treat common diseases of livestock and poultry caused by virus
5. Treat common diseases of livestock and poultry caused by fungi
6. Treat common metabolic and zoonotic diseases of livestock and poultry

81
THEORY
Unit
1. Diseases 1.1 Introduction. 10
caused by 1.2 Liver fluke
helminthes 1.3 Round worm of ruminants – large and
and protozoa small
1.4 Round worm of pig and poultry
1.5 Gid
1.6 Babesiosis (red water disease)
1.7 Coccidiosis
2 Diseases 2.1 Lice and Mites 5

caused by 2.2 Ticks and Leaches
external 2.3 Different types of diseases.
parasites
3. Bacterial 3.1 Haemorrhagic septicaemia 11

diseases of 3.2 Anthrax
livestock 3.3 Black Quarter
3.4 Mastitis
3.5 Tetanus
3.6 Pneumonia
3.7 Brucellosis
3.8 Enterotoxaemia
4. Viral diseases 4.1 Rabies 9

of livestock 4.2 Foot and mouth disease (FMD)
4.3 Peste des petits ruminant (PPR) in goat
4.4 Swine fever
4.5 Canine distemper
5. Bacterial 5.1 Salmonella (Pullorum &Gallinarum) 6

diseases of 5.2 Chronic respiratory disease
poultry 5.3 Fowl typhoid
5.4 White diarrhea

82
6. Viral 6.1 Ranikhet disease 6

diseases of 6.2 Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD)
poultry 6.3 Marek’s disease
6.4 Fowl pox and Infectious bronchitis
6.5 Bird flu
Fungal 7.1 Ring worm 4

7. diseases of 7.2 Mycotoxicosis
livestock and 7.3 Aspergillosis
poultry
8. Metabolic 8.1 Milk fever 5

diseases and 8.2 Visceral gout in poultry
Deficiency 8.3 Rickets
diseases 8.4 Vitamin and Mineral deficiencies
9. Public health 9.1 Concept on Epidemiology 7

9.2 Introduction of zoonotic disease
9.3 Importance of zoonotic disease
9.4 Milk borne diseases
9.5 Meat borne diseases
10. Introduction 10.1 Importance and scope 5

to artificial 10.2 Advantages and disadvantages
insemination 10.3 Insemination technique
Total 68
PRACTICAL
Unit Content Period

1. Identify common internal parasites of cattle and buffalo ( Liver 5
fluke, Paramphistom, Round worm, Coccidiosis)
2. Identify common internal parasites of sheep and goat ( Liver 6

fluke, Paramphistom, Round worm, Coccidiosis)
3. Identify internal parasites of poultry (Round worm, Coccidiosis) 5

4. Identify external parasites of livestock & poultry 6

83
5. Collect and preserve sample for parasitological tests 5

6. Collect and preserve parasites 6
7. Draw the life cycle of the common parasites of farm animals 5
8. Perform vaccination practices in livestock 7
9. Perform vaccination practices in poultry 7
10. Perform CMT treat of milk 5
11. Perform cultural examination of milk 5
12. Stain bacteria with Gram’s staining method 4
13. Restrain animal 6
14. Perform pregnancy diagnosis 5
15. Identify different stage of correct dystopia 8
16. Perform vaccination practices in pets (dogs/cats) 5
17. Determine heat (estrus) 4
18. Perform outbreak of disease field investigation 8
Total 102


84

• Visual method
• Project work
• Written method


85
Specification Grid
Subject :Animal Health 2
Table A
Class: 10 Time: 1 Hour and 15 minutes Full Marks: 40

Unit Scope Total
1 Diseases caused by helminthes and 2 1 4
protozoa
1
2 Diseases caused by external 1 - 2
parasites
1
3 Bacterial diseases of livestock 1 1 2
-
4 Viral diseases of livestock 1 1 2
-
5 Bacterial diseases of poultry 1 1 2
-
6 Viral diseases of poultry 1 - 2
1
7 Fungal diseases of livestock and 1 1 3
poultry
1
8 Metabolic diseases and Deficiency 2 - 3
diseases
1
9 Public health 1 - 2
1
10 Introduction to artificial 1 1 2
insemination
-
11 Congenital anomalies 1 - 2
1
Marks 10 10 20 40
Time 18 18 39 75 min.

86
(PRACTICAL)
Attendance 5
Viva 10
Total 60

87
Veterinary Laboratory Techniques
1. Introduction:
This course is designed for students of class ten to acquaint them with the fundamental
knowledge and skills on laboratory techniques. Various aspects of laboratory techniques related
to hematology, parasitology, biochemistry and microbiology are dealt.
2. Competencies
1. Acquire fundamental knowledge and skills on laboratory techniques.
2. Perform aspects of laboratory techniques related to hematology, parasitology,
biochemistry and microbiology.
1. Explain general laboratory techniques.

2. Perform general laboratory techniques.
3. Describe laboratory techniques related to hematology, parasitology, biochemistry and
microbiology.
4. Perform laboratory techniques related to hematology, parasitology, biochemistry and
microbiology essential for the diagnosis of animal diseases

88

THEORY
Unit
1. Common 1.1 Microscope: simple, compound and binocular 9
laboratory 1.2 Autoclave
equipment and 1.3 Incubator
their functions 1.4 Hot air oven
1.5 Refrigerator
1.6 Centrifuge
1.7 Distillation set
1.8 Water bath
1.9 pH Meter
1.10 Colorimeter
1.11 Weighing balances
2. General laboratory 2.1 Safety and first aid in laboratory 13

procedures 2.2 Cleaning of glassware
2.3 Sterilization
2.4 Antiseptics
2.5 Disinfectants
2.6 Storage of chemicals, reagents and vaccines
2.7 Collection, storage, labelling and dispatch of
samples to laboratories
3. Parasitology 3.1 Common internal parasites of livestock and 12
poultry
3.2 Faecal sample collection
3.3 Faecal sample examination methods
3.4 Common external parasites of livestock and
poultry
3.5 Skin scrapping test
4 Hematology 4.1 Types of blood cells 14
4.2 Blood sample collection methods
4.3 Total count of RBC
4.4 Total count of WBC
4.5 Differential count of WBC
4.6 Collection of blood serum
4.7 Hemoglobin estimation
5 Urology 5.1 Urine sample collection 6
5.2 General properties of urine
5.3 Routine examination of urine
6 Microbiology 6.1 Preparation of media 14

6.2 Sample collection for bacteriology
6.3 Inoculation of media from various types of
specimen
6.4 Examination of culture
6.5 Gram’s staining methods
6.6 Examination of milk by CMT
6.7 Milk culture for bacteria
Total 68

89
PRACTICAL
Unit Content Period
1 Identify common veterinary laboratory equipment 4
2 Handle/use microscope 5
3 Prepare / clean glassware 5
4 Sterilize different equipments tools & glass wares use in veterinary laboratory 5
5 Apply antiseptics and disinfectants 5
6 Identify trematodes 4
7 Identify nematodes 4
8 Identify cestodes 4
9 Identify parasite eggs by faecal examination 4
10 Identify external parasites 5
11 Perform skin scrapping test 7
12 Collect blood samples 3
13 Prepare blood smear (thick & thin) 3
14 Perform total count of RBC 3
15 Perform total count of WBC 3
16 Perform differential count of WBC 3
17 Perform hemoglobin estimation 3
18 Perform preparation of blood serum 4
19 Identify blood protozoa 4
20 Perform routine examination of urine 5
21 Perform preparation of bacteriological media 4
22 Perform method of inoculation of samples 4
23 Perform Gram’s staining method for identification of bacteria 5
24 Perform examination of milk by California Mastitis Test 5
Total 102

90

• Visual method
• Project work
• Written method

91

Specification Grid
Subject :Veterinary Laboratory Techniques
Table A
Unit Scope Total
1 Common laboratory 2 1 4
equipment and their
functions
1
2 General laboratory 2 1 5
procedures
2
3 Parasitology 2 1 4
1
4 Hematology 2 1 4
1
5 Urology 2 - 3
1
6 Microbiology 2 1 4
1
7 Post-mortem 1 1 2
examination of
-

92
livestock and
poultry1
Marks 10 10 20 40
Time 20 40 90 75 min.
(PRACTICAL)
Attendance 5
Viva 10
Total 60

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1

Secondary Level (Grade 9-10) Curriculum

Curriculum Development Centre Animal Science 9-10 Curriculum

Grade Ten (Animal Science Stream)

7. Farm Management and Marketing 49

Curriculum Development Centre Animal Science 9-10 Curriculum

1 Nepali 5 period 100

Total 50 period 1000

1 Nepali 5 period 100

Total 50 period 1000

Curriculum Development Centre Animal Science 9-10 Curriculum

Level Wise Competencies ( Grade 9 & 10)

Curriculum Development Centre Animal Science 9-10 Curriculum

Curriculum Development Centre Animal Science 9-10 Curriculum

4. Scope and Sequence

1. Introduction to 1.1. The concepts of computer.

1.3. The Computer system characteristics

1.5. The Types of computers

On the basis of data:

On the basis of size

1.6. The Generations of computers and their features:

1.7. The Types of PC/Es and their characteristics.

Curriculum Development Centre Animal Science 9-10 Curriculum

Computer 2.1. The concept of Computer Organization

2.3. The basic components of a computer system – Input, Output, Processor

2.4. The Memory – 15

2.5. The Storage Device –

Storage fundamentals - Primary Vs Secondary data

Various Storage Devices - Magnetic Tape, Magnetic Disks: Hard Disk

Others: Flash drives, SD/MMC Memory cards

Physical structure of floppy & hard disk, drive naming conventions in

2.6. The Input Device - Keyboard, Mouse, Trackball, Joystick, Digitizing

2.7. The Characteristics of monitor-Digital, Analog, Size, Resolution,

Video Standard-VGA, SVGA, XGA etc.

Printers and types – Impact (Dot matrix printer), Non-impact (Laser

2.8. The Computer Software

2.8.1 Necessity of computer software

2.8.2 Types of Software-System Software, Application software.

3 Operating 3.1. Introduction of operating System

3.4. Windows Operating System, Introduction to GUI and its feature

3.5. Open Sources Operating System, Introduction of Open Sources

Curriculum Development Centre Animal Science 9-10 Curriculum

Operating System, Introduction to Linux, UNIX

4.2. Compiler, Interpreter and Assembler

4.5. Program Control Structures - Sequence, Selection and Iteration.

4.6. Program Design Tools – Algorithm, Flowchart and Pseudo Code

4.7. Introduction to QBASIC

4.7.1 Elements of QBASIC

4.7.2 QBASIC Statements

4.7.2.1 Declaration Statements

CONST, DIM, REM

4.7.2.2 Assignment Statements

LET, READ, DATA

4.7.2.3 Input/output Statements

INPUT, PRINT, LINE INPUT, INPUT$

4.7.2.4 Control Statements

IF…. THEN…….. ELSE