JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

ALGEBRA
Module 9: Slope of a Line

MATHEMATICS 8
DEXTER CARPIO
 MODULE 9 | NOVEMBER 16 – 20, 2020
Slope of a Line

A. Illustrates and finds the slope of a line given two points, equation, and graph.
B. Writes the linear equation ax + by = c in the form of y = mx + b and vice versa.

OBJECTIVES
1. I can find the slope of a line given two points, an equation, and a graph.
2. I can write the linear equation ax + by = c in the form of y = mx + b and vice versa.

Slope of a Line

MATERIALS
Device Graphing Paper Writing materials Schoology Account

In this module, partner parent is expected to the following:

a) Check if the student has started and finished answering the module.
b) Participate in the student’s work if necessary and possible.
c) Contact the subject teacher if needed for any clarification.

1 2 3
CHECK YOUR CONCEPTS AND
PICTURE ANALYSIS
UNDERSTANDING EXAMPLES
(5 minutes)
(5 minutes) (40 minutes)
4 5 6
FINDING SLOPE GENERALIZATION ASSESSMENT
(10 minutes) (10 minutes) (15 minutes)

Let us start our journey by asking the guidance of the Holy Spirit through the prayer to Saint Raphael the
Archangel. Remember that we are in the presence of the Lord Almighty.

PRAYER TO SAINT RAPHAEL THE ARCHANGEL

() In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. Amen

Glorious Archangel St. Raphael, great prince of the heavenly court,

you are illustrious for your gifts of wisdom and grace. You are a
guide of those who journey by land or sea or air, consoler of the
afflicted, and refuge of sinners. I beg you, assist me in all my
 needs and in all the sufferings of this life, as once you helped the
young Tobias on his travels. Because you are the "medicine of
God," I humbly pray you to heal the many infirmities of my soul and the
ills that afflict my body. I especially ask of you the favor of (here name
your favor), and the great grace of purity to prepare me to be the
temple of the Holy Spirit.
Amen.

INTRODUCTION
In this lesson, the linear equation will be use in determining the slope of a line. There are different
form or way to find the slope—by graph, by any two points of the line, and by equation of the line. But we
need to know first the definition of slope by answering the “Exploration” activity below.

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Directions: Find the x- and y-intercepts of the following equation.

Equation x-intercept y-intercept

2x + 3y = 24
5x – 8y = 40
–6x + 4y = 12
–7x – 2y = 14
x – 9y = –27

PICTURE ANALYSIS
Directions: What do the pictures below have in common?

Answer:

___________________________________________________________________________
CONCEPTS AND EXAMPLES

SLOPE OF A LINE
The Definition of Slope
The slope is the measure of the inclination or the steepness of a line.
You usually denote the slope using m.
Slope is derived from the Latin root slupan for “slip”.
John Conway has suggested that m could stand for “modulus of slope”.
It is interesting that the French word for “to climb” is monter.

The following are the formulas for slope:

𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑦2 − 𝑦1 𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒

m= m= m=
ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑥2 − 𝑥1 𝑟𝑢𝑛

SLOPE IN A GRAPH
Examples:

Determine the slope of the following lines.

1.
3 Solution:
units
𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒 𝟐
 m= =
2 𝑟𝑢𝑛 𝟑
units

Remember:

1. The direction of rise is either up or

down and run is either to the left or
to the right.
2. If the direction of your rise is
going up, the sign of the unit is
positive and going down is negative.
3. If the direction of your run is to
the right, the sign of the unit is
positive and to the left is negative.
4. Simplify the slope if necessary.
2.
Solution:

𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒
m=
 𝑟𝑢𝑛

−8 𝟒
m= =
−10 𝟓
8 units

10 units

3.
Solution:
𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒
m= 
𝑟𝑢𝑛

−6
m= = -2 6 units
3


7 units
2 units

7 units Solution:
𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒
m=
𝑟𝑢𝑛
 −7
m= = -1
7
 SLOPE IN TWO POINTS

Consider two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) on P2(x2, y2)
the line. Here, the vertical change is the difference
between the y-values, and the horizontal change is 
the difference between the x-values. Thus, if two
points on the graph are identified, you can use the
formula  P1(x1, y1)
𝑦2 − 𝑦1
m=
𝑥2 − 𝑥1

This formula is what you call the slope formula.

Note that any two points on the line can be used to
determine the slope, and the slope does not change no
matter which point you start.

Examples:

Determine the slope of the following points.

1. (3, 5) and (9, 8)

Let (x1, y1) = (3, 5) and (x2, y2) = (9, 8).

Solution:
𝑦2 − 𝑦1 8−5 3 𝟏
m= = = =
𝑥2 − 𝑥 1 9− 3 6 𝟐

2. (-7, 10) and (5, 2)

Let (x1, y1) = (-7, 10) and (x2, y2) = (5, 2).

Solution:
𝑦2 − 𝑦1 2 − 10 −8 −𝟐
m= = = =
𝑥2 − 𝑥 1 5 − (−7) 12 𝟑

3. (6, 3) and (10, 15)

Let (x1, y1) = (6, 3) and (x2, y2) = (10, 15).

Solution:
𝑦2 − 𝑦1 15 − 3 12
m= = = = 3
𝑥2 − 𝑥 1 10 − 6 4
 SLOPE OF A LINE GIVEN THE EQUATION

The graph of linear equation y = 2x – 3 is

y = 2x – 3 𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒 −4
equal to m = = = 2.
𝑟𝑢𝑛 −2
The slope in the given equation is the
numerical coefficient of x and the constant is the y-
intercept of the graph.
 This is true only in this particular form of
equation, which is the y = mx + b form. Because
this form of equation readily gives the slope and the
y-intercept of the graph, this is called the slope-
intercept form of a linear equation.

To determine the slope of a line given its
equation, transform the equation into its slope-
intercept form by isolating y on one side. The
numerical coefficient of x on the other side is its
slope and the constant is the y-intercept, which you
denote as b.
Examples:

Determine the slope and the y-intercept of the line defined by the following equations.

1. y = 4x + 7

It is already in slope-intercept form. The slope of the line is 4 and the y-intercept is 7.

2. 5x + y = -1

Isolate y on one side to transform the equation into a slope-intercept form.

y = -5x – 1

slope: -5 y-intercept: -1

3. 5y – 20 = 15x

Isolate y on one side to transform the equation into a slope-intercept form.

5y = 15x + 20

5𝑦 15𝑥 20
= + Divide both sides by the numerical coefficient of y which is 5.
5 5 5
y = 3x + 4

slope: 3 y-intercept: 4
4. 8x – y = 3

Isolate y on one side to transform the equation into a slope-intercept form.

-y = -8x + 3

−𝑦 −8𝑥 3
= + Divide both sides by the numerical coefficient of y which is -1.
−1 −1 −1
y = 8x – 3

slope: 8 y-intercept: -3

5. 3y – 4x – 5 = 0

Isolate y on one side to transform the equation into a slope-intercept form.

3y = 4x + 5

3𝑦 4𝑥 5
= + Divide both sides by the numerical coefficient of y which is 3.
3 3 3
4 5
y= x+
3 3
𝟒 𝟓
slope: y-intercept:
𝟑 𝟑

To summarize the process in finding slope, see the table below.

Given How to Get the Slope

𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒
Graph Identify any two points and use m =
𝑟𝑢𝑛

𝑦2 − 𝑦1
Any two points on the line Use the slope formula m=
𝑥2 − 𝑥1

Transform the equation into slope-intercept form

Equation of the line
y = mx + b
FINDING SLOPE
Direction: Determine the slope and y-intercept of the following equations.

Equation slope y-intercept

y = 8x + 11
3x + y = –9
–6x + 2y = 10
–y = –4x – 5
3y – 12 = 15x

GENERALIZATION
Direction: Differentiate the three formulas in getting the slope in your own words. Use at least 3 sentences.

ASSESSMENT
Direction: Read and analyze each statement and choose the letter of the best answer.

____ 1. What is the y-intercept of 5x – 10y = –20?

a. –4 b. –2 c. 2 d. 5
____ 2. Which of the following symbol used for slope?
a. m b. n c. p d. s
____ 3. What is the appropriate formula for finding slope of the graph?
𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒 𝑦2 − 𝑦1
a. b. c. y = mx + b d. Ax + By = C
𝑟𝑢𝑛 𝑥2 − 𝑥1
____ 4. What is the slope of the line that passes through (-9, -13) and (11, 2)?
3 3 4 4
a. b. – c. d. –
4 4 3 3
____ 5. Which of the following formula used for slope-intercept form?
a. Ax + By = C b. x = my + b c. Ax + By + C = 0 d. y = mx + b
____ 6. What is the slope of the equation –8x = –2y + 14?
a. 7 b. 4 c. -7 d. -4
____ 7. Translate 9x + 3y – 21 = 0 into slope-intercept form.
a. y = 3x – 7 b. 3y = –9x + 21 c. y = –3x + 7 d. 3y = 9x + 21
____ 8. Which of the following formula used for finding slope of given two points?
𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒 𝑦2 − 𝑦1
a. b. c. y = mx + b d. Ax + By = C
𝑟𝑢𝑛 𝑥2 − 𝑥1
____ 9. In the equation y = 2x + 7, the constant 7 is called ________.
a. x-intercept b. slope c. y-intercept d. y-coordinate
____ 10. What is the slope of the graph below?

8 2
a. b. 1 c. d. –1
8 2

• Alagano, Robelyn F. (2015) Mathematics for the 21st Century Learner, DIWA
Learning Systems, Inc., Makati City
REFERENCES
• Orines, Fernando B. (2012) Next Century Mathematics, Phoenix Publishing House,
Inc., Quezon City
Teacher DEXTER CARPIO
Contact Number 0916-763-5085
Email Address jonalynbasuel@gmail.com
Consultation Time During class schedule until 5PM