SOCIAL STUDIES

SIX
Module 1
EMERGENCE OF LIBERAL IDEAS

My learning targets

 Discuss the effects of opening the country

ports to international trading.
 Explain the contributions of the emergence of
mestizo – type and ratification of Education
Decree of 1864

 Analyze the effects of the emergence of liberal

ideas in creating a sense of nationalism.
 Try This Out!

Below are the picture of Jose Rizal and other Illustrados. Look at it closely, then fill in the tablet that
follows.

I See/ Notice I Know My Inference

NOTE:

I See/Notice = means what have you observed in the pictures.

I Know = means what do I know about those people in the picture

My Inference = mean what is your conclusion about the picture presented.

Figure This Out!

Spain was the most powerful country during the 16th Century when it colonized the Philippines.
Bringing then the growth of mercantilism and manufacturing from Europe, Spain spread out its colo-
nizing power. Upon arrival in the Philippines, the Spaniards immediately used their force to get all the
barangays under their control. These barangays were separately on their own before they arrived.
This is to prevent the Filipinos from fighting against them. There were fear that the Filipinos might
unite against them. Some of these events were the Spaniards’ corrupt practices and the curtailment
of the rights of the Filipinos that pushed them to fight the Spaniards.

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 Factors that Led to the Development of the Philippine Nationalism . 2

I. The Opening of the Philippines to International Trading

The following events led the country to open its doors to international trading:

KEY UNDERSTANDING:

Because of the opening of the international trading, FILIPINO BECAME AWARE OF THEIR REAL CONDITION AND STATUS IN SOCIETY
- THAT THEY WERE VERY MUCH DIFFERENT FROM THE SPANIARDS AND FRIARS.

II. Opening of the Suez

Before the opening of the Suez Canal, the route that traders took in going to the Philip-
pines was from the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa, which took them three months to trav-
el. But with the opening of the Suez Canal, which was constructed by French diplomat Ferdi-
nand de Lesseps, the travel time was reduced to one month only. With the opening of the Suez
Canal, the trading activities became fast. There was an influx of businessmen coming over the
country bringing their ideas and products/crafts. Because of this, the Filipino’s perspectives
widened and their knowledge increased. This gave them the desire for reforms and progress.

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 III. The Emergence of Liberal Ideas
The influence of liberal thinking to the Filipinos emerged because of the coming of traders and
travelers to the Philippines. Filipinos saw the ways of these foreigners. They can speak, act and be-
have freely which the Filipinos themselves had not done or experienced yet. The Filipinos realized
that they, too, had rights as citizens of the country. They were able to read books on science and pol-
itics. From their reading, they were able to compare the conditions in the Philippines to that of
France in 1789 before the revolution erupted. The Filipinos found out that the Spaniards’ control
much because of taxes imposed to them. They finally realized that they should move as one to assert
their rights against the colonizers.
For further understanding about liberalism please do
watch:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2L4CJyTFHb8 (THE
IDEA OF LIBERALISM)
IV. The Constitution of Spain in 1812

The return of the Cortes, which was the law making body of Spain, gave way to the creation of the
Supreme Council of the Regency to look after the government while the King was out of the country. It is
stated in the Constitution that all citizens of Spain around the world have rights to be enjoyed. The Filipi-
nos thought that they won’t pay taxes and won’t serve in polo anymore. However Governor Jose de
Gardoqui Jaravieta clarified that though they were citizens of Spain, they were not covered by the law.
They still need to do their roles for Spanish government. Because of this, Filipinos acquired POLITICAL
AWARENESS because of what the Cortes did.

V. Ratification of Education Decree of 1863

The objective of the ratification of Education
Decree of 1863 was to EXPAND EDUCATION IN THE
DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE PHILIPPINES by establishing
secondary and tertiary education in the country. The
basic subjects were Christianity, Spanish Language,
morality, right conduct, geography, mathematics,
and Spanish history. The Filipinos became educated
and learned how to fight and protest against the
policies of the Spanish colonial government .
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VI. The Emergence of the Middle - Class in the Philippine Society

The middle—class group in the society appeared. These were the illustrados. They are Fili-
pinos who studied in the Philippines and in other countries. They were composed of native –
born (Indios), Europeans (Insulares) and mixed Filipino ancestry (mestizos) intellectuals, usually
belonging to the families of businessmen and landowners and traders. As a result of business
progress and increase in wealth, their status in life improved, too, and they wanted changes.
They challenged the influences of the Spaniards and friars. They sent their children to universities
in Europe and later on, these educated Filipinos formed themselves into intelligencia or the social
class engaged in leading, shaping and promoting the society’s culture and politics during that
time.

For further understanding about the illustrados you

may watch:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5NGwnLk8PxI

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REFERENCES:
Barcelon et al.(2020). Philippine’s Pride. Nicanor Reyes St. Sampaloc Manila. Rex Bookstore
Gabuat et al (2014). One Country One People. 1253 Gregorio Araneta Avenue, Quezon City. Vibal Pub-
lishing.
https://www.alamy.com/book-of-the-spanish-constitution-of-1812-cadiz-region-of-andalusia-spain-europe-
image332253907.html

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/
thumb/1/1f/1812SpanishConstitutionMap.svg/500px-1812SpanishConstitutionMap.svg.png
https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%
3AANd9GcTvY94_vAw99VI8yLooQyEJmCSpVXWr8vlV1g&usqp=CAU
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Ilustrados_1890.jpg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5NGwnLk8PxI

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Name:_______________________________________ Date: __________________________

QUEST FOR MORE!

ACTIVITY 1
Introduction

Welcome students! Through this activity, you will explore the meaning of
“nationalism” and find out what caused the development of Philippine national-
ism. You will undertake activities in order to form clear understanding and roles
played by illustrados in the development of Philippine nationalism.

Task

Your task is to create a movie. You will gather information, collect pictures and
choose a song related to your topic.

Process

1. Find some pictures in the internet which represents your ideas of nationalism.
2. In your computer/ Laptops, open Windows Movie Maker.
3. Import your pictures in the movie maker.
4. Add questions and answers to the movie by using titles and credit pages.
5. Place your photos along the photo line in the movie maker
6. Add your song to the movie to complete the task.
Resources

You may refer to the internet, educational magazines, government websites and
public domain materials.

Conclusion https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O99NXVHfqMs ( Using Movie Maker)

You can make your conclusion based on the movie that you made
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

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RUBRICS FOR QUEST FOR MORE ACTIVITY

4 3 2 1

1. Was the information given relevant and true?

2. Was your movie eye-catching and interesting?

3. Was the slide transition smooth?

4. Were all spellings and grammars correct?

Total Score: ______________________

Note:
Please do pass your output( video) my email
account: renequinamot@slsdb.edu.ph
 HOTS BOX Activity 2

Instruction: Answer the following questions.

1. Analyze the events that contributed to the development of nationalism among Filipinos. How did this events changes their
live?

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. If the Cortes was not revised, do you think the development and changes that took place would be possible? Would it yield
similar results?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. What steps will you do to develop sense of nationalism in yourself?

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Activity 3
Step Up!
Instruction: List down three rights that Filipinos enjoy today, but not during the Spanish times.

Rights How does one enjoy it?

Do you also enjoy those rights that you have written? Explain by citing specific events in your
life.
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

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 CONCEPT MAP Activity 2
Instruction: Arrange sequentially the following events. Write each in the boxes provided

1. 2.

3.
4.

5.

• A decree was issued that partially opened Manila to international trading was a way of per-
mitting Real Compaña de Felipinas.
• Cebu port was opened.
• All foreigners were allowed to establish a business in the country.
• A foreign trading center started the business in the country.
• Manila was fully opened for international trading, Sual, Iloilo and Zamboanga ports were opened.