AQA Physics A-level

Required Practical 5
Determination of resistivity of a wire using a micrometer, ammeter
and voltmeter

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● Equipment:
○ 1m long constantan wire
○ Voltmeter
○ Ammeter
○ Low voltage power supply
○ Micrometer
○ Metre ruler
● Method:
○ Measure the diameter d of
the constantan wire at
various points along it
using the micrometer and
find and record the mean
diameter.
○ Set up the apparatus as shown in the diagram.
○ Adjust the length l to 0.100m using the crocodile clips, measured using the metre
ruler.
○ Read and record the current I on the ammeter and the voltage V on the voltmeter.
Calculate the resistance R by using R=V/I and record this.
○ Increase l by 0.100m and repeat this, increasing it by 0.100m each time up to
0.800m.
○ Repeat the experiment twice more and find and record the mean R for each l.
● Graphs and calculations:
2
πd
○ Calculate the cross-sectional area A of the wire by A= 4
○ Plot a graph of the mean value of R against l and draw a line of best fit. The
resistivity will be the gradient multiplied by the cross-sectional area of the wire.
RA
○ ρ= l = GA where G is the gradient.
● Safety:
○ Disconnect the crocodile clips in between measurements to avoid the wire heating
up and causing burns if touched. If the current rises too high, reduce the voltage
using the variable power supply.
○ If the wire is tight, safety goggles should be worn in case it snaps and injures eyes.
● Improvements and notes:
○ The wire heating up might additionally cause the resistance of the wire to change,
affecting measurements. To reduce this, disconnect it in between measurements or
reduce the voltage of the supply so the current is lower.
○ The wire should be free from kinks and held straight so the measurement of the
length is as accurate as possible.

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