Point Level Detection in Liquids and Bulk Solids: Selection and Engineering Guide

Products
Solutions Services
Point level detection

in liquids and bulk solids
Selection and engineering guide
Level
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2 Point level detection in liquids
Legende
• Point level detection

in liquids
starting page 3
• Point level detection

in bulk solids
starting page 39
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Products Solutions Services
Point level detection in liquids

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Step by step C
This selection and engineering guide provides information on different

measuring principles for point level detection as well as their application and
installation.
The pamphlet contains two chapters: Point level detection in liquids and point
level detection in bulk solids.
This pamphlet exclusively concerns point level detection. A separate selection

guide is available for continuous level measurement (see supplementary
documentation CP00023F).
A
Overview of measuring principles
The first pages contain an overview of measuring principles for point level
detection of Endress+Hauser in diagrams. Subsequently, the mode of
operation of the measuring principle and the respective product family are
introduced.
Checklist
You should know the specific requirements of your application for the selection
of a suitable point level switch. The checklist provides an overview and is
supposed to assist you in acquiring this data and taking it as completely as
possible into consideration.
B
Selection of the measuring principles
The suitable measuring principle is selected according to two criteria:
- application and
- process requirements.
First, the measuring principles are listed in accordance with specific plant
criteria (vessel, conveyor belt, etc.) and then in accordance with specific
medium criteria (high temperatures, aggressiveness, etc.)
Select the measuring principle which meets, if possible, all of the criteria
demanded by you or your plant. The measuring principles are listed from left
to right according to their suitability. The ideal measuring principle is listed
C
first and edged in blue.
Selection of the instrument

You now move to the area of the selected measuring principle where you can
chose the suitable instrument of a product family. Compare your application
and process data with the instrument data.
Engineering
After the selection of the optimum instrument, please check the installation
instructions at the end of the respective measuring principle. You will find
basic guidelines supporting safe instrument installation and application.
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Contents 5
Contents
1. Overview of measuring principles ................................................. 6
2. Checklist ........................................................................................... 10 A
3.1 Selection of measuring principle according to application .......... 12
• Tank / vessel ........................................................................................... 12
• Piping ....................................................................................................... 14
3.2 Selection of measuring principle according to process

requirements ................................................................................... 16
• Aggressive media ................................................................................... 16
• High process pressures / high process temperatures .......................... 18
• Low temperature requirements ............................................................ 20
• Foaming media (e.g. vacuum, filling) ...................................................
• Build-up forming media (e.g. highly viscous, pasty, tacky) ................
22
24 B
• Hygiene requirements ............................................................................ 26
4. Instrument selection within the measuring principle/

installation instructions .................................................................. 28
• Vibronics: Liquiphant ............................................................................. 28
• Capacitance: Liquicap ............................................................................. 32
• Conductive: Liquipoint ........................................................................... 34
C
• Float switch: Liquifloat .......................................................................... 37
• Radiometry: The radiometric measuring principle is not considered
in this section. Please contact our application consultants in your
country for detailed information.
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1. Overview of measuring principles

„
A
Segmentation
E
Point level Continuous o
Liquids Vibronic Radar
Conductive Guided radar
Capacitance Ultrasonic
Float switch Hydrostatic
Radiometric Capacitance
Radiometric
Bulk solids Vibronic Radar

Capacitance Guided radar
Paddle Ultrasonic
Microwave barrier Electromechanical system
Radiometric Radiometric
T
Process conditions
f
Pressure r
(bar/ E
psi) o
p
Radiometric
Conductive
Vibronic
Capacitance
Float switch
Temperature (°C/°F)
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Overview of measuring principles 7
„You only pay what you really need.“
Endress+Hauser takes this statement seriously and offers a large number A

of different measuring principles which vary in price and functionality.
Price
Radiometric
Capacitance
Vibronic
Conductive
Float switch
Performance
The respective price of an instrument within its principle corresponds to its

functionality and possible applications. I.e. the higher the price/performance
ratio the higher the demands which can be made on the measuring principle.
Endress+Hauser offers a large number of products or product families in the area
of vibronic and capacitance instrumentation. This results in a wide price/
performance range in the diagram.
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A Contact measuring principles
Vibronic Liquiphant
A sensor in form of a tuning Free of calibration and
fork is excited at its resonant maintenance.
frequency. The drive works For all liquids, also if build-
piezoelectrically. The oscillating up, turbulence or air bubbles
frequency changes as the fork occur, unaffected by the electric
enters the medium. The change properties of the medium.
is analyzed and translated into a
switching signal. Process temperatures up to
+280°C/+536°F
Process pressures up to
100bar/1,450psi
Conductive Liquipoint
The resistance between two Simple and price-effective.
measuring electrodes changes For conductive liquids like water,
by the presence or absence of a waste water and liquid foods, etc.
medium. In single-rod probes,
the electrically conductive Process temperatures up to
tank wall serves as a counter +250°C/+482°F
electrode. Process pressures up to
160bar/2,320psi
Capacitance Liquicap
A capacitance probe may Available with active build-up
be compared to an electric compensation for highly viscous
condenser. As the tank is filled, media.
the probe capacity increases. This
change is electrically analyzed. Process temperatures up to
+200°C/+392°F
100bar/1,450psi
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Overview of measuring principles 9
A
Float switch Liquifloat
As the switch floats up and Simple and price-effective.
down on the surface of a liquid, For liquids like water, waste
an installed sensor detects water, acids and lyes.
its position and triggers the
switching operation. Process temperatures up to
+85°C/+185°F
3bar/43.5psi
Non-contact measuring principles
Radiometry Gammapilot
The gamma source, a cesium or Non-contact measurement
cobalt isotope, emits radiation from outside, for all extreme
which is attenuated as it applications, e.g. very abrasive,
passes through materials. The corrosive and aggressive media.
measuring effect results from the
absorption of radiation by the Any process temperature
product to be measured which is Any process pressure
caused by level changes.
The measuring system consists For more detailed information,
of a source and a detector as a please contact our application
receiver. consultant in your country or use
the Applicator selection software.
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2. Checklist
You need to know your specific application requirements for a
A
correct selection. The checklist opposite provides an overview of TIP
relevant process data and is supposed to help you to take these
into consideration. If we have not included all of the data, please Copy this checklist and complete it to have
supplement this list with your criteria. all relevant data readily available for the
The checklist is used both for the selection of the measuring selection.
principle and the selection of the instrument.
Please complete Notes

Medium Density g/cm3
Conductivity µS/cm
Dielectric constant (DC)
Viscosity
Resistance/e.g. coating
Non-contact
yes no
measurement
Process data Process temperature min. max.
Process pressure min. max.
Process connection Switch point (sensor length) mm
Type of connection
Installation Tank yes no

Piping yes no
Point level detection min. max.
Overfill prevention yes no
Two-point control yes no
Electric connection DC, AC, relay, 3-wire, PFM,
PROFIBUS®, NAMUR, 8/16mA
Surface requirements Roughness µm
Labsfree yes no
Others
Approvals Ex (dust/gas) yes no
WHG yes no
Ship building yes no
Railway yes no
EHEDG yes no
3-A yes no
Certificates/ 3.1 yes no
manufacturer NACE yes no
declarations
FDA listed material yes no
SIL yes no
Special requirements
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Checklist 11
to have
or the
The most important terms/abbreviations
ATEX
AT= Atmosphere, EX = Explosive. Abbreviation of the French working title of the EU
A
Guideline 94/9/EC
FM „Factory Mutual“. American approval authority for explosion protection
National Supervision and Inspection Centre for Explosion Protection and Safety of
NEPSI
Instrumentation. Chinese approval authority for explosion protection
International Electrotechnical Commission. Internationale approval authority for
IEC
explosion protection
CSA Canadian Standard Association. Canadian approval authority for explosion protection
DIP Dust Ignition Proof. English term for explosion protection in dusty environment
XP Explosion Proof
IS Intrinsic Safe
TIIS „Technology Institute of Industrial Safety“. Japanese test body for Ex approvals
Wasserhaushaltsgesetz. Overfill prevention/leakage alarms are certified according
WHG
to WHG
SIL Safety Integrity Level. Safety levels according to IEC 61508/61511
CRN Canadian Registration Number. Canadian pressure guideline
Electronics
3-wire Connection for Endress+Hauser switching unit
AC Connection for alternating voltage
DC-PNP Connection for direct voltage with transistor output (open collector)
Relay + DPDT Double Pole Double Throw; relay as double change-over contact
PulseFrequenzyModulation; extremely interference-proof signal transmission
PFM
between sensor electronics and switching unit
NAMUR Direct current interface for sensors and switching amplifiers (IEC 60947-5-6)
PROFIBUS® Fieldbus technology
HART® Fieldbus technology
FF FOUNDATION™ fieldbus
Flanges
EN European flange standard; flanges according to EN 1092
ANSI American flange standard; flanges according to ANSI B 16.5
JIS Japanese flange standard; flanges according to JIS
Instrumentation
Compact Signal output is directly available from probe electronics (e.g. DC-PNP, relay SPST)
Separate Signal output is available via an additional switching unit (top-hat rail or 19“ card)
instrument. (e.g. relay SPDT). The switching unit also supplies the sensor with power
Certification
„European Hygienic Equipment Design Group“. An independent group with different
EHEDG subgroups which discuss special subjects concerning hygiene requirements and
prepare their publication.
„3-A Sanitary Standards“ are voluntary norms of the American „International
3-A
Association of Milk, Food and Environmental Sanitarian“.
„Food and Drug Administration“. American approval authority. Materials, special
FDA
plastics are subject to respective guidelines for their use in pharmaceutical/food plants
3.1 Material test certificate for special steels
„National Association of Corrosion Engineering“. Material test certificate for special
NACE
steels including degree of hardness and cooling/annealing temperature of steel
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3.1 Selection of measuring principle according to application
B
Our proposal
Vibronic Capacitance Co
Liquiphant Liquicap M Liq
Advantages ••Free of calibration and maintenance ••Universally adaptable probe ••Very simpl
••Unaffected by medium technology principle, e
••May be used in applications involving ••Reliable operation also in strong ••Multipoint
turbulences, gassing liquids and build-up build-up formation and viscous process co
forming media media ••Simple rod
••Compact o
instrumen
Technical data
••Process pressure -1 to +100bar/-14.5 to 1,450psi -1 to +100bar/-14.5 to 1,450psi -1 to 160ba
••Process temperature -60 to +280°C/-76 to +536°F -80 to +200°C/-112 to +392°F -200 to +25
••Ambient temperature -50 to +70°C/-58 to +158°F -50 to +120°C/-58 to +248°F -200 to +25
••Measuring 35 to 6,000mm/ 100 to 10,000mm/ 50 to 15,00

range 1.4 to 236” 3.9 to 394” 2 to 590”
••Process connection Thread, flange, hygiene Thread, flange, hygiene Thread, flan
••Electric connection AC/DC-2-wire, DC-PNP, 8/16mA, relay, PFM, relay, AC/DC, 8/16mA, 2-wire, AC/DC, relay
PROFIBUS®, NAMUR, PFM 3-wire, NAMUR switching un
••Approvals ATEX G/D, INMETRO, FM, CSA, NEPSI, TIIS, ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, EHEDG, WHG, ATEX G, WH
IEC, SIL, 3-A, EHEDG, WHG, CRN NEPSI, TIIS, IEC, SIL, 3-A, CRN
Application limits ••For viscous media see capacitance with ••Foam generates capacity change ••Conductive
build-up compensation and is recognized recognized
••Standard instruments do not recognize ••Condensate formation in ••Conductivi
foam as a liquid nozzle – select inactive length (< 10µS/cm
••Gas bubbles in pipes ••DC < 1.6 ••Electrode c
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Selection according to application 13
Tank / vessel
••Operational point level
••Overfill prevention (WHG)
••Leakage monitoring
••Changing media
B
e Conductive Float switch Radiometric
Liquipoint T Liquifloat T Gammapilot
Tank / vessel
probe ••Very simple measuring ••Simple and price-effective ••Non-contact from outside
principle, easy handling ••Connecting cable for different ••Exact measurement under extreme
in strong ••Multipoint detection with one media (resistance) conditions
d viscous process connection ••Density measurement
••Simple rod adjustment ••Interface measurement
••Compact or separate
instrumentation
1,450psi -1 to 160bar/-14.5 to 2,320psi 0 to 3bar/0 to 43.5psi As required

+392°F -200 to +250°C/-328 to +482°F -20 to +85°C/-4 to +185°F As required
248°F -200 to +250°C/-328 to +482°F -20 to +85°C/-4 to +185°F -40 to +120°C/-40 to +248°F
(starting 60°C/140°F water cooling)
50 to 15,000mm/ 5,000 to 20,000mm/ As required
2 to 590” 197” to 787” cable
Thread, flange Cable feedthrough Assembly clamp
mA, 2-wire, AC/DC, relay, NAMUR, AC, DC, NAMUR AC, DC, 2-wire 8/16mA, relay, 4-wire
switching unit 4 t 20mA (HART®), PROFIBUS®,
FOUNDATION™ fieldbus
DG, WHG, ATEX G, WHG ATEX G Ex ia II B T5 ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, IECEx Ex d ia,
, CRN NEPSI, TIIS, SIL, WHG
ty change ••Conductive foam is ••Medium density < 0.8g/cm³ ••Observe radiation protection
recognized as a liquid ••Medium viscosity provisions
in ••Conductivity too low ••Lye and acid resistance is limited ••Further information from our sales team
e length (< 10µS/cm) ••Applicator for configuring the
••Electrode corrosion measuring point
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 13 11.10.2018 10:59:14

B
Our proposal
Vibronic Conductive
Liquiphant Pump protection FTW360
Advantages ••Free of calibration and maintenance ••Active build-up compensation ••Universally

••Unaffected by medium ••Front-flush solution technology
••May be used in applications involving ••Hygienic process connection ••Reliable op
turbulences, gassing liquids and build-up build-up fo
forming media media
Technical data
••Process pressure -1 to 100bar/-14.5 to 1,450psi -1 to 10bar/-14.5 to 145psi -1 to +100b
••Measuring range Starting 35mm/1.4” — Starting 100

••Process connection Thread, flange, hygiene Front-flush solution Thread, flan
••Electric connection AC/DC-2-wire, DC-PNP, 8/16mA, relay, AC/DC (relay output) PFM, relay, A
PROFIBUS®, NAMUR, PFM 3-wire, NAM
••Approvals ATEX G/D, INMETRO, FM, CSA, NEPSI, TIIS, — ATEX G/D, F
IEC, SIL, 3-A, EHEDG, WHG, CRN NEPSI, TIIS,
Application limits ••Bridging by hardening build-up ••Conductivity (< 20µS/cm) ••DC < 1.6
••Flow losses in pipes due to sensor design ••Conductive foam is recognized as ••Foam caus
••Solid content in medium a liquid is recogniz
••Raw nomin
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 14 11.10.2018 10:59:15

Piping
••Installation in pipes as pump or dry-run protection
••Nominal width of pipe starting DN25
Capacitance Radiometric
TW360 Liquicap M Gammapilot
nsation ••Universally adaptable probe ••Non-contact from outside

technology ••Exact measurement under extreme conditions
ection ••Reliable operation also in strong ••Density measurement
build-up formation and viscous ••Interface measurement
media
5psi -1 to +100bar/-14.5 to 1,450psi As required

12°F -80 to +200°C/-112 to +392°F As required
0°F -50 to +120°C/-58 to +248°F -40 to +120°C/-40 to +248°F
Starting 100mm/3.9” As required
Thread, flange, hygiene Assembly clamp
PFM, relay, AC/DC, 8/16mA, 2-wire, AC, DC, 2-wire 8/16mA, relay, 4-wire 4 to 20mA
3-wire, NAMUR (HART®), PROFIBUS®, FOUNDATION™ fieldbus
ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, EHEDG, WHG, ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, IECEx Ex d ia, NEPSI, TIIS,
NEPSI, TIIS, IEC, SIL, 3-A, CRN SIL, WHG
m) ••DC < 1.6 ••Observe radiation protection provisions
ognized as ••Foam causes capacity change and ••Further information from our sales team
is recognized ••Applicator for configuring the measuring
••Raw nominal width > DN50 point
Piping
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 15 11.10.2018 10:59:16

3.2 Selection of measuring principle according to process requirements
B
Our proposal
Vibronic Capacitance
Liquiphant Liquicap M
Advantages ••Gastight process seal ••Fully insulated probe ••Non-conta

••Self-monitoring for build-up and corrosion ••Gastight process seal ••Exact mea
••Functional safety SIL2/3 ••Density me
••Coatings, Hastelloy C4 ••Interface m
Technical data
••Process pressure -1 to 100bar/-14.5 to 1,450psi -1 to +100bar/-14.5 to 1,450psi As required
••Process temperature -60 to +280°C/-76 to +536°F -80 to +200°C/-112 to +392°F As required
(starting 60°
••Measuring range 50.5 to 6,000mm/2 to 236” 100 to 10,000mm/3.9 to 394” As required
••Process connection Thread, flange Thread, flange, hygiene Assembly cla
••Electric connection AC-2-wire, DC-PNP 8/16mA, relay, PFM, relay, AC/DC, 8/16mA, AC, DC, 2-wi
PROFIBUS®, NAMUR, PFM 2-wire, 3-wire, NAMUR (HART®), PR
••Approvals ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, NEPSI, TIIS, IEC, SIL, ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, EHEDG, WHG, ATEX G/D, F
3-A, EHEDG, WHG, CRN NEPSI, TIIS, IEC, SIL, 3-A, CRN SIL, WHG
Application limit ••For viscous media, see capacitance with ••Foam causes capacity change and ••Observe ra
build-up compensation is recognized ••Further inf
••Standard instruments do not recognize ••Condensate formation in nozzle ••Applicator
foam as a liquid ••Select inactive length point
••Gas bubbles in pipes ••DC < 1.6
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 16 11.10.2018 10:59:18

Selection according to process requirements 17
Aggressive media
Aggressive media
(e.g. chemical industry applications)
••Material requirements
••Coatings
••Functional safety (SIL)
••Ex certificates
••Second line of defense
B
Radiometric
Gammapilot
••Non-contact from outside

••Exact measurement under extreme conditions
••Density measurement
••Interface measurement
50psi As required
2°F As required
°F -40 to +120°C/-40 to +248°F
394” As required
Assembly clamp
A, AC, DC, 2-wire 8/16mA, relay, 4-wire 4 to 20mA
(HART®), PROFIBUS®, FOUNDATION™ fieldbus
, WHG, ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, IECEx Ex d ia, NEPSI, TIIS,
RN SIL, WHG
nge and ••Observe radiation protection provisions
••Further information from our sales team
nozzle ••Applicator for configuring the measuring
point
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 17 11.10.2018 10:59:18

B Our proposal
Vibronic Radiometric
Liquiphant Gammapilot
Advantages ••Self-monitoring for build-up and ••Non-contact from outside

corrosion ••Exact measurement under extreme
••Unaffected by medium conditions
••Gastight process seal ••Density measurement
Technical data
••Process pressure -1 to +100bar/-14.5 to 1,450psi As required
••Process -60 to +280°C/-76 to +536°F As required
temperature
••Ambient -50 to +70°C/-58 to +158°F -40 to +120°C/-40 to +248°F
temperature (starting 60°C/140°F water cooling)
••Measuring range 50.5 to 6,000mm/2 to 236” As required
••Process connection Thread, flange Assembly clamp
••Electric connection AC-2-wire, DC-PNP, 8/16mA, relay, AC, DC, 2-wire 8/16mA, relay, 4-wire
PROFIBUS®, NAMUR, PFM 4 to 20mA (HART®), PROFIBUS®,
FOUNDATION™ fieldbus
••Approvals ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, NEPSI, TIIS, IEC, SIL, ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, IECEx Ex d ia,
WHG, CRN NEPSI, TIIS, SIL, WHG
Application limit ••For viscous media, see capacitance probes ••Observe radiation protection
with build-up compensation provisions
••Standard instruments do not recognize ••Further information from our sales
foam as a liquid team
••Gas bubbles in pipes ••Applicator for configuring the
measuring point
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 18 11.10.2018 10:59:19

High process pressures / high temperatures

High process pressures /
high temperatures
(e.g. oil & gas industry)
••Pressure requirements
••Materials according to NACE
••Second line of defense
••Ex certificates
treme
ling)
4-wire
S®,
ia,
sales
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 19 11.10.2018 10:59:19

Our proposal
Capacitance Vibronic
Liquicap M Liquiphant
Advantages ••Active build-up compensation ••Self-monitoring for build-up and ••Non-conta

corrosion ••Exact mea
••Unaffected by medium ••Density me
••Interface m
Technical data
••Process pressure -1 to 100bar/-14.5 to 1,450psi -1 to +100bar/-14.5 to 1,450psi As required
••Process temperature -80 to +200°C/-112 to +392°F -60 to +280°C/-76 to +536°F As required
(starting 60°
••Measuring range 100 to 10,000mm/3.9 to 394” 50.5 to 6,000mm/2 to 236” As required
••Process connection Thread, flange, hygiene Thread, flange Assembly cla
••Electric connection PFM, relay, AC/DC, 8/16mA, AC-2-wire, DC-PNP, 8/16mA, relay, AC, DC, 2-wi
2-wire, 3-wire, NAMUR PROFIBUS® (HART®), PR
••Approvals ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, EHEDG, WHG, ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, NEPSI, TIIS, IEC, SIL, ATEX G/D, F
NEPSI, TIIS, IEC, SIL, 3-A, CRN 3-A, EHEDG, WHG, CRN SIL, WHG
Application limit ••Foam causes capacity change and is ••For viscous media, see capacitance with ••Observe ra
recognized build-up compensation ••Further inf
••Condensate formation in nozzle – ••Standard instruments do not recognize ••Applicator
Select inactive length foam as a liquid
••DC < 1.6 ••Gas bubbles in pipes
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 20 11.10.2018 10:59:19

Low temperature requirements

(e.g. refrigerating plant and cooling processes)
••Cryogenic conditions
Low temperature requirements

Radiometric
Gammapilot
and ••Non-contact from outside

••Exact measurement under extreme conditions
••Density measurement
si As required
As required
-40 to +120°C/-40 to +248°F
As required
Assembly clamp
elay, AC, DC, 2-wire 8/16mA, relay, 4-wire 4 to 20mA
, IEC, SIL, ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, IECEx Ex d ia, NEPSI, TIIS,
SIL, WHG
tance with ••Observe radiation protection provisions
••Further information from our sales team
recognize ••Applicator for configuring the measuring point
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 21 11.10.2018 10:59:20

B
Our proposal
Liquiphant Liquicap M
Advantages ••Free of calibration and maintenance ••Reliable operation also in strong ••Truly flush
••Standard instruments do not recognize build-up ••Continuou
foam as a liquid ••Non-conductive foam is not changing m
••Self-monitoring for build-up and corrosion recognized as a liquid ••Reliable po
with build-
Technical data
••Process pressure -1 to +100bar/-14.5 to +1,450psi -1 to +100bar/-14.5 to +1,450psi -1 to +25ba
(+150°C/+3
••Ambient temperature -50 to +70°C/-58 to +158°F -50 to +120°C/-58 to +248°F -40 to +70°C
••Measuring range 35 to 6,000mm/1.4 to 236” 100 to 10,000mm/3.9 to 394” 1µS/cm to 1

••Process connection Thread, flange, hygiene Thread, flange, hygiene Thread, hygi
••Electric connection AC/DC-2-wire, DC-PNP, 8/16mA, relay, PFM, relay, AC/DC, 8/16mA DC-PNP
PROFIBUS®, NAMUR, PFM 2-wire, 3-wire, NAMUR
••Approvals ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, NEPSI, TIIS, IEC, SIL, 3-A, ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, EHEDG, WHG, 3-A, EHEDG
EHEDG, WHG, CRN NEPSI, TIIS, IEC, SIL, 3-A, CRN
Application limit ••For viscous media, see capacitance probes ••Foam causes capacity change and is ••Non-condu
with build-up compensation recognized ••Dry, non-c
••Gas bubbles in pipes ••Condensate formation in nozzle –
Select inactive length
••DC < 1.6
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 22 11.10.2018 10:59:22

Foaming media
(e.g. dairy, brewing or vacuum processes)
••Switch point setting

••Switching in foam or liquids
••Unaffected by gas bubble formation
Conductive Radiometric
Liquipoint Gammapilot
Foaming media
in strong ••Truly flush mounted installation ••Non-contact from outside
••Continuous functionality through ••Exact measurement under extreme conditions
not changing media ••Density measurement
••Reliable point level detection even ••Interface measurement
with build-up
1,450psi -1 to +25bar/-14.5 to +362.5psi As required

392°F -20 to +100°C/-4 to +212°F As required
(+150°C/+302°F for 1 h)
48°F -40 to +70°C/-40 to +158°F -40 to +120°C/-40 to +248°F
o 394” 1µS/cm to 100mS/cm As required
Thread, hygiene Assembly clamp
mA DC-PNP AC, DC, 2-wire 8/16mA, relay, 4-wire 4 to 20mA
DG, WHG, 3-A, EHEDG, CSA GP ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, IECEx Ex d ia, NEPSI, TIIS,
CRN SIL, WHG
hange and is ••Non-conductive media ••Observe radiation protection provisions
••Dry, non-conductive build-up ••Further information from our sales team
n nozzle – ••Applicator for configuring the measuring
point
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 23 11.10.2018 10:59:23

B
Our proposal
Capacitance Vibronic C
Liquicap M Liquiphant Pump pr
Advantages ••Reliable operation also in strong ••Strong build-up formation leads to ••Active buil
build-up formation and highly safety-oriented switching ••Front-flush
viscous liquids ••Adjustable
Technical data
••Process pressure -1 to 100bar/-14.5 to 1,450psi -1 to +100bar/-14.5 to 1,450psi -1 to 10bar/
••Measuring range 100 to 10,000mm/3.9 to 394” 35 to 6,000mm/1.4 to 236” —

••Process connection Thread, flange, hygiene Thread, flange, hygiene Front-flush s
••Electric connection PFM, relay, AC/DC, 8/16mA, AC/DC-2-wire, DC-PNP, 8/16mA, relay, AC, DC (relay
2-wire, 3-wire, NAMUR PROFIBUS®, NAMUR, PFM
••Approvals ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, EHEDG, WHG, ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, NEPSI, TIIS, IEC, SIL, —
NEPSI, TIIS, IEC, SIL, 3-A, CRN 3-A, EHEDG, WHG, CRN
Application limit ••Foam causes capacity change and is ••For viscous media, see capacitance with ••Conductivi
recognized build-up compensation (< 20µS/cm
••Condensate formation in nozzle – ••Standard instruments do not recognize
Select inactive length foam as a liquid
••DC < 1.6 ••Gas bubbles in pipes
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 24 11.10.2018 10:59:24

Build-up forming media

(e.g. paints or milk of lime)
••Long-term stability by build-up

compatibility or compensation
••Unaffected by gas bubble formation
Conductive Radiometric
Pump protection FTW360 Gammapilot
ds to ••Active build-up compensation ••Non-contact from outside

••Front-flush solution ••Exact measurement under extreme conditions
••Adjustable switching delay ••Density measurement
Build-up forming media

i -1 to 10bar/-14.5 to 145psi As required
-20 to +100°C/-4 to +212°F As required
-20 to +60°C/-4 to +140°F -40 to +120°C/-40 to +248°F
— As required
Front-flush solution Assembly clamp
A, relay, AC, DC (relay output) AC, DC, 2-wire 8/16mA, relay, 4-wire 4 to 20mA
IEC, SIL, — ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, IECEx Ex d ia, NEPSI, TIIS, SIL,
WHG
ance with ••Conductivity too low ••Observe radiation protection provisions
(< 20µS/cm) ••Further information from our sales team
ecognize ••Applicator for configuring the measuring point
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 25 11.10.2018 10:59:25

B
Our proposal
Liquiphant Liquicap M Li
Advantages ••Polished sensor surfaces ••Tried and tested ••Truly flush

••Self-monitoring for build-up and corrosion ••Hygienic process connection and ••Continuou
••Hygiene process connections and housing housing changing m
designs ••FDA-conforming sensor materials ••Reliable po
••FDA-conforming sensor materials with build-
Technical data
••Process pressure -1 to 64bar/-14.5 to 928psi -1 to 100bar/-14.5 to 1,450psi -1 to +25ba
(+150°C/+3
••Ambient temp. -50 to +70°C/-58 to +158°F -50 to +120°C/-58 to +248°F -40 to +70°C
••Measuring range 35 to 6,000mm/1.4 to 236” 100 to 10,000mm/3.9 to 394” 1µS/cm to 1
••Process connection Aseptic, SMS, Varivent, RA 0.3µm Triclamp, dairy fitting, Thread, hygi
Triclamp, dairy fitting Front-flush solutions
••Electric connection AC, DC, relay, PROFIBUS®, NAMUR, PFM PFM, relay, AC/DC, 8/16mA, 2-wire, DC-PNP
3-wire, NAMUR
••Approvals ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, NEPSI, TIIS, IEC, SIL, 3-A, ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, EHEDG, WHG, 3-A, EHEDG
EHEDG, WHG, CRN NEPSI, TIIS, IEC, SIL, 3-A, CRN
Application limit ••For viscous media, see capacitance with build- ••Foam causes capacity change and ••Non-condu
up compensation is recognized ••Dry, non-c
••Standard instruments do not recognize foam ••Condensate formation in nozzle –
as a liquid Select inactive length
••Gas bubbles in pipes ••DC < 1.6
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 26 11.10.2018 10:59:26

Hygiene application
(e.g. production of foods or pharmaceuticals)
••Surface finish
••Approvals (EHEDG, 3-A)
••FDA conforming materials
••Capable of CIP and SIP
••Hygiene process connections
B
e Conductive Capacitance/Conductive
Liquipoint FTW33 Liquipoint FTW23
••Truly flush mounted installation ••CIP and SIP cleanability up to

ection and ••Continuous functionality through protection class IP 69
changing media ••No individual adjustment to each
r materials ••Reliable point level detection even medium necessary
with build-up ••LED display for on-site function check
450psi -1 to +25bar/-14.5 to +362.5psi -1 to +16bar/-14.5 to +232psi
+392°F -20 to +100°C/-4 to +212°F -20 to +100°C/-4 to +212°F

(+150°C/+302°F for 1 h) (+135°C/+275°F for 1 h)
248°F -40 to +70°C/-40 to +158°F -40 to +70°C/-40 to +158°F
o 394” 1µS/cm to 100mS/cm DC value > 20
Thread, hygiene Thread, hygiene
mA, 2-wire, DC-PNP DC-PNP
DG, WHG, 3-A, EHEDG, CSA GP 3-A, EHEDG, CSA GP

, CRN
change and ••Non-conductive media ••Water-/alcohol-based media
••Dry, non-conductive build-up ••Build-up
in nozzle –
Hygiene application
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 27 11.10.2018 10:59:27

4. Instrument selection within the measuring principle
Liquiphant S Liquiphant
FTL70/71 FTL80/81/85
C
Applications ••For high temperatures and high pressures, ••For high degree of failure safety: Safety ••Universal s
e.g. in the petrochemical and chemical Integrity Level up to SIL3 e.g. in the including a
industry, power plants petrochemical and chemical industry, connection
oil & gas ••Recurring
Special features ••Sensor materials designed for high ••Redundant sensor design in one ••Density ad
temperatures instrument ••Switching
••Gastight process seal ••Integrated self-testing every 3 seconds manufactu
••Recurring test by push button ••Proof test interval may be extended up ••Recurring
to 12 years
Technical data
••Process pressure -1 to 100bar/-14.5 to 1,450psi -1 to 100bar/-14.5 to 1,450psi -1 to 100bar
••Process connection Thread: ¾, 1, (G, R, NPT) Thread: ¾, 1 (G, R, NPT) Thread: ¾, 1
Flanges: ANSI, JIS, DIN Flanges: ANSI, JIS, EN Flanges: ANS
••Ambient
temperature -50 to +70°C/-58 to +158°F -40 to +70°C/-40 to +158°F, -50 to +70°C
optional -50 bis +70°C/-58 to +158°F,
optional -60 bis +70°C/-76 to +158°F
••Viscosity/density < 10,000cSt, 0.7g/cm3, 0.5g/cm3 < 10,000mPA s, > 0,44g/cm3 < 10,000cSt
••Measuring range 50.5 to 6,000mm/2 to 236” 118 to 6,000mm/4.3 to 236” 50.5 to 6,00
••Housing design 155 to 190mm/5.9 to 7.5” 185.5mm/7.1” Min. 150 to
••Sensor material Duplex 316/318L, Hastelloy C22 316L, 318L, Alloy C22, Emaille, PFA, 316L, Haste
ECTFE, PFA conductive
••Surface finish 3.2µm 3.2µm 3.2µm
••Electrical connection AC-2-wire, DC-PNP, 8/16mA, relay, 4 to 20mA optional with separate AC-2-wire, D
PROFIBUS®, NAMUR, PFM switching unit PROFIBUS®,
••Approvals ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, NEPSI, TIIS, IEC, SIL, ATEX G/D, IECEx, FM, CSA, CRN, NEPSI, ATEX G/D, F
3-A, WHG, CRN TIIS, SIL, WHG, VdTÜV100 WHG, CRN
••Settings Density changeover switch, min./max. Density switch Density chan
safety safety
••Ingress protection IP 66/67/68 IP 65/66/68, NEMA 4x/6P IP 66/67/68
••Design Compact and with tube extension Compact and with tube extension Compact and
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 28 11.10.2018 10:59:28

Instrument selection within the measuring principle 29
Vibronic
Most universal liquid limit switch
••Unaffected by media
••Ready for use without calibration
••Self-monitoring for build-up and corrosion
••May be used in turbulent and effervesce liquids
Vibronic
Continued on page 30
Liquiphant M Liquiphant M
FTL50/51 FTL50H/51H
C
fety: Safety ••Universal standard modular system ••Universal modular system for hygiene
. in the including all required approvals, process applications including all required approvals
industry, connections and electrical connections and process connections
••Recurring test by push button
one ••Density adaptation ••Density adaptation
••Switching velocity can be set at ••Polished sensor surfaces
3 seconds manufacturer’s plant ••Sensor materials FDA conform
tended up ••Recurring test by push button
si -1 to 100bar/-14.5 to 1450psi -1 to 64bar/-14.5 to 928psi

-50 to +150°C/-58 to +302°F -50 to +150°C/-58 to +302°F
Thread: ¾, 1 (G, R, NPT) Thread: ¾, 1 (G, R, NPT),
Flanges: ANSI/JIS/DIN Flanges: ANSI/JIS/DIN, front-flush solutions,
DRD, Triclamp, dairy fitting, SMS, Varivent
-50 to +70°C/-58 to +158°F -50 to +70°C/-58 to +158°F
+158°F,
+158°F
< 10,000cSt, 0.7g/cm3, 0.5g/cm3 < 10,000cSt, 0.7g/cm3, 0.5g/cm3
50.5 to 6,000mm/2 to 236” 50.5 to 6,000mm/2 to 236”
Min. 150 to max. 190mm/5.9 to max. 7.5” Min. 150 to max. 190mm/5.9 to max. 7.5”
e, PFA, 316L, Hastelloy C22 316L
3.2µm 1.5µm, 0.3µm

ate AC-2-wire, DC-PNP, 8/16mA, relay, AC, DC, 8/16mA, relay, PROFIBUS®,
PROFIBUS®, NAMUR, PFM NAMUR, PFM
N, NEPSI, ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, NEPSI, TIIS, IEC, SIL, ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, NEPSI,
WHG, CRN TIIS, IEC, SIL, 3-A, EHEDG, WHG, CRN
Density changeover switch, min./max. Density changeover switch, min./max. safety
safety
IP 66/67/68/69 IP 66/67/68/69
ion Compact and with tube extension Compact and with tube extension
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 29 11.10.2018 10:59:30

Vibronic Vib
Continued from page 29
Liquiphant M Liquiphant Liquiphant

FTL51C (with coating) FTL31 FTL33
Sensor length*
Applications ••Modular system for aggressive ••Compact sensor suitable ••Food applications, e.g.
C
media, e.g. chemicals for installation even in dairies or breweries
••Numerous coatings confined conditions, ••Applications requiring
especially in the hygiene design (external
machinery industry and steam cleaning of process
industrial applications connections)
Special features ••Density adaptation ••Density adaptation ••Gap-free housing design
••Switching velocity can be set ••External ••External performance test
at manufacturer’s plant performance test possible possible
••Recurring test by push button
Technical data
••Process -1 to 40bar/ -1 to 40bar/ -1 to 40bar/
pressure -14.5 to 580psi -14.5 to 580psi -14.5 to 580psi
••Process -50 to +150°C/-58 to +302°F -40 to +150°C/ -40 to +150°C/
temperature (230°C/446°F option) -40 to +302°F -40 to +302°F
••Process Flanges: ANSI, JIS, DIN Thread: ½, ¾, 1 (G, R, Thread: ½, ¾, 1 (G, R, NPT)
connection NPT) Triclamp, dairy fitting, front-
flush solutions
••Ambient temp. -50 to +70°C/-58 to +158°F -40 to +70°C/-40 to +158°F -40 to +70°C/-40 to +158°F
••Viscosity/density < 10,000cSt, 0.7g/cm3, 0.5g/cm3 < 10,000cSt, 0.7g/cm3 < 10,000cSt, 0.7g/cm3
••Measuring range 50.5 to 3,000mm/2 to 118” 35mm/1.4” 35mm/1.4”
(depending on coating)
••Housing height Min. 150 to max. 190mm/ 68.5 to 121.8mm/ 185.5mm/7.3”
5.9 to max. 7.5” 2.7 to 4.8” (+150°C/302°F)
••Sensor material Enamel, PFA, ECTFE, PFA 316L 316L
conductive
••Surface finish — 3.2µm 1.5µm
••Electrical AC-2-wire, DC-PNP, 8/16mA, AC/DC-2-wire, DC-PNP AC, DC
connection relay, PROFIBUS®, NAMUR,
PFM
••Approvals ATEX 1G Ex ia, ATEX 1/2 D, WHG, CRN, CSA C/US WHG, EHEDG, CRN, CSA
FM, CSA, NEPSI, TIIS, IEC, SIL, C/US
WHG, CRN
••Settings Density changeover switch, Min./max. safety Min./max. safety
min./max. safety
••Ingress protection IP 66/67/68 IP 65/66/67 IP 65/66/67/68/69
••Design Compact and with tube Compact Compact
extension
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 30 11.10.2018 10:59:30

Vibronic installation instructions
Determine switch point

The sensors of the Liquiphant family have a switch point exact to the
Vibronic
millimeter-under reference conditions (density 1g/cm3, 23°C, pe 0bar).
Define length of sensor

phant For the optimum adaptation to tanks and pipes the instruments
33 are produced in different lengths. Length details always refer to the
distance between the sealing face and the tip of the fork.
*Sensor length:
••Compact design between 55mm...69mm/2.2”...2.7”
Sensor length*
(depending on process connection)

••Tube extension 118mm/4.6”; 148mm...6,000mm/5.8”...236”
tions, e.g. Variable switch point
C
eweries Switch point For applications which do not permit the determination of the switch
requiring point during planning, the same may be subsequently adjusted via a
gn (external sliding sleeve.
ng of process
Optimum installation
using design
Align tuning fork in such a way that the narrow sides of the tines
formance test
point upwards and downwards allowing the liquid to drip freely (also
applicable to higher viscous media). Sufficient free space should be
provided for assembly, connections and setting.
Build-up on the tank wall

si Provide sufficient space between the expected product build-up on
/ the tank wall and the tuning fork.
1 (G, R, NPT) Installation involving low viscosity (up to 2,000mm2/sec.)

fitting, front- Deburr nozzle
40 to +158°F Installation in pipes starting 2”

.7g/cm3 Flow rates up to 5m/s with a viscosity of 1mm2/sec. and a density of
1g/cm3. In different conditions the function must be tested.
”
F)
Dynamic load
In case of strong dynamic loads, support instruments with tube
extension by appropriate measures.
CRN, CSA Installation in insulated tanks

A spacer is recommended for higher temperatures. This avoids
breaking the tank insulation and protects the electronic insert from
ety higher temperatures. In addition, a pressure-proof feedthrough
is included which keeps the tank pressure off the housing up to
68/69 64bar/928psi in case of sensor damage.
Tank
insulation
Additional length
140mm/5.5“
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 31 11.10.2018 10:59:31

Capacitance
••Tried and tested in operation, robust and safe
••Simple commissioning
••Versatile
••Reliable function independent of build-up
C Liquicap M
FTI51/52
Applications ••Process tanks

••Suitable for extreme process conditions
Special features ••Build-up compensation
••Gastight process seal
Technical data
••Process pressure -1 to 100bar/-14.5 to 1,450psi
••Process temperature -80 to +200°C/-112 to +392°F
••Process connection Thread from ½ (G, NPT), flanges, hygiene
DIN 11851 dairy fitting, ISO 2852 Triclamp, front-flush solutions
••Ambient temperature -50 to +120°C/-58 to +248°F
••Dielectric constant > 1.6
••Measuring range 100 to 10,000mm/3.9 to 394”
••Housing height 95 to 147mm/3.7 to 5.8”
••Sensor material PTFE, PFA, FEP, 316L
••Sensor diameter Rod Ø 10/16/22mm/0.4”/0.6”/0.9”
Rope Ø 4mm/0.2”
••Electrical connection PFM, 2-wire, 3-wire, NAMUR, switching unit, AC/DC, relay,
8/16mA
••Approvals ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, EHEDG, WHG,
NEPSI, TIIS, IEC, SIL, 3-A, CRN, FDA
••Settings Min./max. safety
••Ingress protection IP 66/67/68, NEMA 4X
••Design Rod, rope design
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 32 11.10.2018 10:59:31

Capacitance installation instructions
Determine switch point

In point level detection, the minimum capacity change should amount
to ∆ Cmin = 5 to 10ρF
Define sensor length

In order to obtain optimum adaptation to tanks and pipes the
instruments are produced in custom-made lengths. Length details always
refer to the distance between the sealing face and the end of the probe.
••Rod 100 to 4,000mm/3.9 to 158”
••Rope 420 to 10,000mm/16.5 to 394”
α Rule of thumb for minimum probe length

Non-conductive media Lmin = ∆ Cmin /(Cs · (εr-1))
C
Cs = Probe capacity, see technical information
Installation recommendations
Rod probes should be installed horizontally only up to a length of 1m.
Capacitance
An inclined α installation angle supports dripping of higher viscous
media.
Non-conductive media – estimate with rule of thumb

Conductive media (> 100µS/cm) – no special attention to anything
Probe selection
Without ground tube ••For conductive liquids

••For highly viscous liquids
With ground tube ••For non-conductive liquids
••For plastic tanks
••For agitator vessels
Inactive length ••Installation in assembly nozzles
••In case of condensate formation on
tank ceiling
Fully insulated inactive ••Particularly suited to aggressive
length, with plated liquids
flange
Active build-up ••In case of strong (conductive) build-
compensation up formation on the probe
Gastight feedthrough ••For LPG tanks
••Against condensate formation in
the probe in extreme temperature
conditions
••For toxic media
Separate housing ••For high environmental temperature
••If limited space is required
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 33 11.10.2018 10:59:32

Conductive
••Multipoint detection with one process connection
••Price-effective instrumentation
Pump protection Liquipoint T

FTW360 FTW31/FTW32
Application ••Pipes, e.g. in a pump to avoid ••Multipoint control ••Pipes with

dry-running ••Water-, waste water application ••Small vess
••Two-point control
••Metal or plastic tanks
Special features ••Front-flush solution ••2/3/5 rods or ropes ••Truly flush
••Switching delay adjustable ••Separate design with Nivotester FTW325 ••Continuou
••Line monitoring changing m
••Simple probe adjustment ••Reliable po
with build-
Technical data
••Process pressure -1 to 10bar/-14.5 to 145psi -1 to 10bar/-14.5 to 145psi -1 to +25bar
(+150°C/+30
••Process connection Thread G¾ Thread 1½ (G, NPT) Thread, hygi
••Conductivity > 10µS/cm > 5µS/cm 1µS/cm to 1
••Measuring range — 100 to 15,000mm/3.9 to 590” —
••Housing height 195mm/7.5” 145mm/5.7” 137mm/5.4
••Sensor material Special steel: 316Ti, plastics: PTFE Rod: 316L, PP insulated Sensor: 316L
Rope: 316Ti, FEP insulated Isolation: PE
••Electrical connection AC, DC (relay) AC, DC (relay), NAMUR, switching unit (relay) DC PNP
••Approvals — WHG, leakage, ATEX G 3-A, EHEDG
••Settings Sensitivity, switching delay Min., max., switching delay, Sensitivity, s
measuring range selection
••Ingress protection IP 66 IP 66 IP 65/66/69
••Design Compact 2, 3 and 5 rod probes or rope design Compact
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 34 11.10.2018 10:59:33

Liquipoint Liquipoint
FTW33 FTW23
••Pipes with small diameters ••Pipes with small diameters

n ••Small vessels ••Small vessels
••Truly flush mounted installation ••CIP and SIP cleanability up to

r FTW325 ••Continuous functionality through protection class IP 69
changing media ••No individual adjustment to each
••Reliable point level detection even medium necessary
with build-up ••LED display for on-site function check
Conductive
-1 to +25bar/-14.5 to +362.5psi -1 to +16bar/-14.5 to +232psi
-20 to +100°C/-4 to +212°F -20 to +100°C/-4 to +212°F
(+150°C/+302°F for 1 h) (+135°C/+275°F for 1 h)
Thread, hygiene Thread, hygiene
-40 to +70°C/-40 to +158°F -40 to +70°C/-40 to +158°F
1µS/cm to 100mS/cm DC value > 20
— —
137mm/5.4“ 137mm/5.4“
Sensor: 316L Sensor: PEEK
Isolation: PEEK
g unit (relay) DC PNP DC PNP
3-A, EHEDG, CSA GP 3-A, EHEDG, CSA GP
Sensitivity, switching delay Switching delay
IP 65/66/69 IP 65/66/69
ign Compact Compact
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 35 11.10.2018 10:59:33

Conductive installation instructions
Min. or max. detection

Rod and rope probes may be used both for min. and max.
detection.
••Switch point exact to the millimeter
••Subsequent adjustment of rods or ropes for switch point
setting
Installation
••Tank of plastics or metal
••1 rod and 2 rod probes in pipes
••Rod probes may be installed from the top, the side or the
bottom. Rope probes are only installed from the top.
••In lateral installation:
••The sensor should be installed as inclined as possible
C
(10-30°)
••The sensor should not be installed in the intake flow
Rope probe
••Install the probe as much in the center as possible so that
the liquid cannot move the weight to the wall
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 36 11.10.2018 10:59:34

Float switch Float switch

Liquifloat T
••Favourable measuring principle
••Controllers as initiators, microswitches
••Connection cable for different media
••Also Ex area applications
Application ••Level monitoring in tanks

••Pump control
Special features ••Cost-effective instrumentation
Technical data
••Process pressure Max. 3bar/43.5psi
••Process PVC cable: 5°C to +70°C/41 to +158°F
temperature PUR cable: -20°C to +85°C/-4 to +185°F
C
CSM cable: -20°C to +85°C/-4 to +185°F
••Process Cable entry
connection
••Ambient temp. See process temperature
••Viscosity/density Min. 0.8g/cm3
••Measuring range 5/20m / 197/787” cable length
••Overall length 135mm/5.3” shell
••Sensor material Shell of PP
••Electrical AC, DC, NAMUR
connection
••Approvals ATEX G
••Ingress protection IP 68
••Design Cable and float
Float switch instructions
Determine switch point Optimum installation

To determine the switch point the cable The float switch may be externally fastened
length must be reduced as follows. with bolts – through a G1A threaded hole.
Minimum length of cable between Use the weight in top installation.
attachment point and float: ••Note: The center of rotation should always
••PVC >= 50mm/2” be horizontal. If the weight is used, an
••PUR >= 100mm/3.9” additional traction relief (e.g. a knot in
••CSM >= 100mm/3.9” the cable) has to be provided behind the
packing box screwed connection on the
In top installation, the length of the outside of the tank.
weight must be taken into consideration
(190mm/7.5”). Medium compatibility
••Upper switch point +25°C ±6°C/+77°F ••PVC: For water and slightly aggressive
••Lower switch point +14°C ±3°C/+57°F liquids
measured against the horizontal line ••PUR: Preferred for fuel, heating oils and
oil-containing media
Define sensor length ••CSM: For many acids and lyes
The cable may be adjusted according to Medium compatibility must be especially
customer requirement. tested
Float switch
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 37 11.10.2018 10:59:34

38 Point level detection in bulk solids
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 38 11.10.2018 10:59:35

Products Solutions Services
Point level detection in bulk solids

CP00007F00EN1718.indd 39 11.10.2018 10:59:36

Step by step C
A
Overview of measuring principles
The first pages contain an overview of measuring principles for point level
detection of Endress+Hauser in diagrams. Subsequently, the mode of
operation of the measuring principle and the respective product family are
introduced.
Checklist
You should know the specific requirements of your application for the selection
of a suitable point level switch. The checklist provides an overview and is
supposed to assist you in acquiring this data and taking it as completely as
possible into consideration.
B
Selection of the measuring principle
The suitable measuring principle is selected according to two criteria:
- application and
- process requirements.
First, the measuring principles are listed in accordance with specific plant
criteria (vessel, conveyor belt, etc.) and then in accordance with specific
medium criteria (high temperatures, aggressiveness, etc.)
Select the measuring principle which meets, if possible, all of the criteria
demanded by you or your plant. The measuring principles are listed from left
to right according to their suitability. The ideal measuring principle is listed
first and edged in blue.
C
Selection of the instrument
You now move to the area of the selected measuring principle where you can
chose the suitable instrument of a product family. Compare your application
and process data with the instrument data.
Engineering
After the selection of the optimum
instrument please check the installation instructions at the end of the
respective measuring principle. You will find basic guidelines supporting safe
instrument installation and application.
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 40 11.10.2018 10:59:36

Contents 41
Contents
1. Overview of measuring principles ................................................ 42
2. Checklist ......................................................................................... 46
A
3.1 Selection of measuring principle according to application ........ 48
• Silo / tank / bin / blow tank ................................................................ 48
• Conveyor belts ....................................................................................... 50
• Filling nozzle / loader ........................................................................... 51
3.2 Selection of measuring principle according to process

requirements .................................................................................. 52
• Hygiene applications ............................................................................
• High process temperatures ..................................................................
52
53 B
• Aggressive / abrasive media ................................................................ 54
• Lumpy media ......................................................................................... 56
• Dusty / fluidizing / fine-grained media ............................................. 58
• Build-up forming / hygroscopic / tacky media .................................. 59
• Detection of solids under water .......................................................... 60
4. Instrument selection within the measuring principle/

installation instructions ................................................................
• Capacitance: Nivector, Minicap, Solicap .............................................
61
61 C
• Vibronik: Soliphant ............................................................................... 64
• Paddle: Soliswitch ................................................................................. 66
• Microwave barrier: Soliwave ............................................................... 68
• Bulk solids movement detection: Solimotion ..................................... 70
• Radiometry: The radiometric measuring principle is not
considered in this section. Please contact our application
consultants in your country for detailed information.
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 41 11.10.2018 10:59:36


„
A
Segmentierung
E
Point level Continuous d
Liquids Vibronic Radar
Conductive Guided radar
Capacitance Ultrasonic
Float switch Hydrostatic
Radiometric Capacitance
Radiometric
Bulk solids Vibronic Radar

Capacitance Guided radar
Paddle Ultrasonic
Microwave Electromechanical system
Radiometric Radiometric
Process conditions
Temp.
°C/°F
T
Radiometric
400/750 f
r
Microwave
E
280/540 a
Capacitance
p
80/180
Vibronic
Paddle
0 10 25 50 100
Grain size (mm/inch)
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 42 11.10.2018 10:59:36

Overview measuring principles 43
„You only pay what you really need.“
Endress+Hauser takes this statement seriously and offers a large number of A

different measuring principles which vary in price and functionality.
Price
Radiometric
Microwave
Vibronic
Paddle
Capacitance
Performance
The respective price of an instrument within its principle corresponds to its

functionality and possible applications. I.e. the higher the price/performance
ratio the higher the demands which can be made on the measuring principle.
Endress+Hauser offers a large number of products or product families in the
area of vibronic and capacitance instrumentation. This results in a wide price/
performance range in the diagram.
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 43 11.10.2018 10:59:37

A Contact measuring principles
3 4 Capacitance Minicap (1)

A capacitance probe may Favorable limit switch, particularly
be compared to an electric for build-up forming media.
2 condenser. As the tank is filled, Solicap M (2)
the probe capacity increases. This Robust probe for coarse-grained
change is electrically analyzed. media.
Nivector (3)
Most compact limit switch for
bulk solids.
Solicap S (4)
For extremely high temperatures.
1
Process temperatures up to
+400°C/+750°F
25bar/360psi
Dielectric constant DC min. 1.6
Paddle Soliswitch
The rotation of the paddle is Favorable limit switch for simple
stopped as it is covered by solids. applications with fine-grained
This actuates a relay. bulk solids.
Process temperatures up to
+80°C/+180°F
1.8bar/26psi
Vibronic Soliphant
A one-rod sensor or a tuning Universal limit switch for bulk
fork is excited at its resonant solids, also if media change.
frequency. The drive works
piezoelectrically. The amplitude Process temperatures up to
changes as the fork enters the +280°C/+540°F
medium. The change is analyzed Process pressures up to
and translated into a switching 25bar/360psi
signal. Medium density min. 10g/l
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 44 11.10.2018 10:59:38

Overview measuring principles 45
Non-contact measuring principles

A
Mikrowave Soliwave
••Microwave barrier: ••Point level detection
Detection of all kinds of ••Combined point level detection and
bulk solids is based on bulk flow monitoring
microwaves (transmitter- ••For the purpose of monitoring and
receiver principle). counting
••Detection of build-up,
••Flow indicator for bulk contamination or similar items
solids:
Detection of bulk solids Solimotion
movement (present / ••Monitoring of pneumatic and
not present) is based on mechanic transport processes
microwaves (Doppler ••Change of mass flow
effect).
For any process temperature or
Inspection glasses have to be +450°C/+842°F (in case of direct
installed in case of metallic installation with high-temperature
container walls. Installation adapter) for any process pressure
in contact with the process is or 21bar/350psi abs. (in case of
also possible. direct installation with high pressure
adapter).
Radiometric Gammapilot
The gamma source, a cesium Non-contact measurement from
or cobalt isotope, emits outside, for all extreme applications,
radiation which is attenuated e.g. very abrasive, corrosive and
as it passes through aggressive media.
materials. Typical applications: Point level
The measuring effect results detection in pulp digesters, wood
from the absorption of chip silos and fluidized bed reactors
radiation by the product as or in density and mass flow
the level changes. measurement.
The measuring system
consists of a source and a ••Unaffected by media
detector as a receiver. ••Any process temperature
••Any process pressure
••Unaffected by gammagraphy
(FHG65)
For more detailed information,

please contact our application
consultant in your country or use the
Applicator selection software.
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 45 11.10.2018 10:59:40

2. Checklist
You need to know your specific application requirements for a
A
correct selection. The checklist opposite provides an overview of TIP
relevant process data and is supposed to help you to take these
into consideration. If we have not included all of the data, please Copy this checklist and complete it to have
supplement this list with your criteria. all relevant data readily available for the
The checklist is used both for the selection of the measuring selection.
principle and the selection of the instrument.
Please complete Notes

Medium Density g/l (kg/cm3)
Grain size mm
Dielectric constant (DC)
Tacky/build-up forming yes no
Dusty yes no
Abrasive yes no
Aggressive yes no
Easily flowing yes no
Hygroscopic yes no
Non-contact
yes no
measurement
Process data Pressurized process min. max.
Temperature at housing min. max.
Temperature in process min. max.
Max. lateral load max.
Max. rope tensile load max.
Process connection Threaded connection yes no
Flange yes no
Size Ø
Pressure requirements min. max.
Hygiene requirements yes no
Installation Tank yes no
Orientation lateral from the top
Pipe/conveyor belt yes no
Point level detection min. max.
Control min. max.
Electric connection DC, AC, relay, bus systems,
PFM, NAMUR, 8/16 mA
Surface requirements 3.1 yes no
FDA listed materials yes no
Surface finish µm
Approvals Ex (dust/gas) yes no
Special requirements Extreme external vibration yes no
Other items
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 46 11.10.2018 10:59:40

Checklist 47
to have
or the
The most important terms/abbreviations
AT= Atmosphere, EX = Explosive. Abbreviation of the French working title of the EU

A
ATEX
Guideline 94/9/EC
FM „Factory Mutual“. American approval authority for explosion protection
National Supervision and Inspection Centre for Explosion Protection and Safety of
NEPSI
Instrumentation. Chinese approval authority for explosion protection
International Electrotechnical Commission. Internationale approval authority for
IEC
explosion protection
CSA Canadian Standard Association. Canadian approval authority for explosion protection
DIP Dust Ignition Proof. English term for explosion protection in dusty environment
XP Explosion Proof
IS Intrinsic Safe.
TIIS „Technology Institute of Industrial Safety“. Japanese test body for Ex approvals
Wasserhaushaltsgesetz. Overfill prevention/leakage alarms are certified according
WHG
to WHG
SIL Safety Integrity Level. Safety levels according to IEC 61508/61511
CRN Canadian Registration Number. Canadian pressure guideline
Elektronics
3-wire Connection for Endress+Hauser switching unit
AC Connection for alternating voltage
DC-PNP Connection for direct voltage with transistor output (open collector)
DPDT Double Pole Double Throw; relay as double change-over contact
PulseFrequencyModulation; extremely interference-proof signal transmission
PFM
between sensor electronics and switching unit
NAMUR Direct current interface for sensors and switching amplifiers (IEC 60947-5-6)
PROFIBUS® Fieldbus technology
HART® Fieldbus technology
FF FOUNDATION™ fieldbus
Flanges
EN European flange standard; flanges according to EN 1092
ANSI American flange standard; flanges according to ANSI B 16.5
JIS Japanese flange standard; flanges according to JIS
Instrumentation
Compact Signal output is directly available from probe electronics (e.g. DC-PNP, relay SPST)
Separate Signal output is available via an additional switching unit (top-hat rail or 19“ card)
instrument. (e.g. relay SPDT). The switching unit also supplies the sensor with power
Certification
„Food and Drug Administration“. American approval authority. Materials, special
FDA
plastics are subject to respective guidelines for their use in pharmaceutical/food plants
Specific constant to measure the polarizability of materials. The higher the DC value
DC value, εr
of a dielectric the higher the capacity of the respective condenser
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 47 11.10.2018 10:59:40

B
Our proposal
Vibronic Capacitance Paddle

Soliphant M/T Solicap S/M Soliswitch
Minicap/Nivector
Advantages ••Build-up and abrasion ••Up to 400°C/750°F ••Price-effective sensor ••Non-conta

monitoring ••Unaffected by build-up ••Easy commissioning and tanks with
••Independent of medium ••Robust probe handling ••Detection
••Unaffected by abrasion ••Easy commissioning ••Also rod and rope similar ma
••Maintenance-free ••Active build-up versions ••Front-flush
••Easy commissioning compensation ••Rotation monitoring ••Easy assem
••Also rod and rope versions ••Combined
monitoring
Technical data
••Process pressure -1 to 25bar/-14 to 360psi -1 to 25bar/-14 to 360psi -0.5 to 1.8bar/-7 to 26psi For any pres
abs. (direct i
••Process -50 to +280°C/ -50 to +400°C/ -20 to +80°C/ For any temp
temperature -55 to +540°F -60 to +750°F -4 to +180°F -40 to +842
••Grain size Up to 25mm/1” Up to 100mm/4” Up to 50mm/2” As required
••Density Starting 10g/l — Starting 100g/l Starting 10g
••Measuring range 145 to 20,000mm/6 to 800” 30 to 20,000mm/1 to 800” 75 to 2,000mm/3 to 80” 30 to 100,0
••Approvals ATEX G/D, NEPSI, ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, ATEX II D ATEX G/D, C
FM, CSA, TIIS, SIL2 NEPSI, TIIS, SIL2/3
Application limits ••For media > 25mm/1” Ø ••See vibronic for a DC value ••For process temperatures ••See capacit
or process temperature < 1.6 < 80°C/180°F and media conductive
> 280°C/540°F see ••For media > 100mm/4” Ø > 50mm/2” Ø see ••See capacit
capacitance see microwave barrier capacitance probes
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 48 11.10.2018 10:59:44

Silo / tank / bin / blow tank

••Alarm for empty and full tank
••Sensor installation from the top or laterally
••Static charging if a high portion of fine
particles is present
B
dle Microwave Radiometric
witch Soliwave Gammapilot
Silo / tank / bin / blow tank

ve sensor ••Non-contact from outside in plastic or metal ••Non-contact from outside
sioning and tanks with windows penetrable by microwaves ••Exact measurement under extreme
••Detection of build-up, contamination or conditions
rope similar matter ••Density measurement
••Front-flush solutions ••Interface measurement
nitoring ••Easy assembly
••Combined point level detection and bulk flow
monitoring possible
/-7 to 26psi For any pressure or 0.5 to 21bar/7.2 to 305psi As required

abs. (direct installation)
For any temperature or -40 to +450°C/ As required
-40 to +842°F (direct installation)
2” As required As required
l Starting 10g/l As required
m/3 to 80” 30 to 100,000mm/1 to 4,000” As required
ATEX G/D, CSA, IECEx ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, IECEx Ex d ia, NEPSI,
TIIS, SIL
emperatures ••See capacitance in case of build-up with highly ••Observe radiation protection provisions
F and media conductive media ••Further information from our sales team
Ø see ••See capacitance in case of very low attenuation ••Applicator for configuring the measuring
probes point
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 49 11.10.2018 10:59:45

3.1 Selection of measuring Conveyor belts

principle according to
••Material flow detection /
application counter for packaged goods
••Monitoring of belt feed points, chutes
••Strong abrasion (non-contact)
••Fast reaction
B Our proposal
Microwave Mikrowave Capacitance

Soliwave Solimotion Solicap M
Advantages ••Non-invasive ••Non-invasive monitoring ••Very robust

••Counting of packaged of pneumatic and ••Tensile loads up to
goods possible mechanic transport 60kN
••Combined point level processes ••Abrasion resistant
detection and bulk flow ••Change of mass flow ••Active condensate
monitoring possible build-up
Technical data
••Process -40 to +70°C/ -40 bis +70°C/ -50 to +180°C/
temperature -40 to +160°F -40 to +160°F -60 to +350°F
••Grain size As required As required Up to 100mm/4”
••Measuring range 30 to 100,000mm/ 30 bis 20,000mm/ 200 to 20,000mm/
1 to 4,000” 1 to 800” 8 to 800”
••Sensor material Aluminum or 316Ti, PTFE Aluminium or 316L, PTFE Steel, 316L, PTFE
or ceramic
••Direction of inst. Laterally From the side or the top From the top
••Approvals ATEX G/D, CSA, IECEx ATEX D, CSA, IEC ATEX D, FM, CSA, TIIS,
NEPSI, SIL
Application limits ••See capacitance in case ••In case of build-up with ••DC < 1.6
of build-up with highly highly conductive media ••Grain size
conductive media ••For very low solids flow < 100mm/4” Ø
••See capacitance in case speeds
of very low attenuation
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 50 11.10.2018 10:59:47

Filling nozzle / Loader

••Sensor as overfill prevention
of the truck
••Changing fine-grained to
dust-like media
••Medium surrounds
the sensor
••Small design /
separate instrumentation
B
Our proposal
Vibronic Capacitance Capacitance

Soliphant M Minicap Solicap M
to
nt
e Advantages ••Instrument variant with ••Very build-up ••Very robust
separate electronics compatible ••Tensile loads up to 60kN
••Abrasion-resistant, ••Maintenance-free ••Abrasion resistant
maintenance-free ••High lateral load ••Active condensate build-up
••Also for very light media
Technical data
/ ••Process -1 to 25bar/-14 to 360psi -1 to 25bar/ -1 to 25bar/-14 to 360psi
pressure -50 to +280°C/ -14 to 360psi -50 to +180°C/
••Process -60 to +530°F -40 to +120°C/ -60 to +350°F
temperature -40 to +250°F
••Grain size Up to 10mm/0.4” Up to 30mm/1” up to 100mm/4”
TIIS, ••Density Starting 10g/l — —
••Sensor length Starting 145mm/6” 140mm/5” 500 to 20,000mm/20 to 800”
••Sensor material 316L PPS, FDA-listed Steel, 316L, PTFE
Application ••See capacitance for ••DC < 1.6 ••DC < 1.6
limits
Filling nozzle / Loader
media > 10mm/0.4” Ø ••Grain size < 100mm/4” Ø

••Strong build-up
formation
Conveyor belts
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 51 11.10.2018 10:59:48

3.2 Selection of measuring Hygiene applications

••Applications with high demands
process requirements on process connection, housing and
sensor cleaning
••Sensor surfaces suitable for sanitary
applications, high-quality finish
••Hazardous areas
B
Our proposal
Vibronic Capacitance Capacitance

Soliphant M Minicap Nivector
Advant
Advantages ••Build-up and abrasion ••FDA-listed sensor ••Protector for

monitoring material abrasion protection
••Sensor material 316L ••Build-up compensation (FDA-listed)
••Surface roughness ••Maintenance-free ••Small dimensions
(0.8µm) ••External
Technic
••Special steel housing measurement in
••Proce
••Dairy fittings available plastic tanks
pressu
••3.1 certificate
••Proce
••Maintenance-free
tempe
Technical data ••Grain
••Process -1 to 25bar/ -1 to 25bar/ -1 to 6bar/ ••Densi
pressure -14 to 360psi -14.5 to 360psi -14 to 80psi ••Senso
••Process -50 to +280°C/ -40 to +120°C/ -20 to +80°C/ mater
temperature -50 to +540°F -40 to +250°F -4 to +180°F ••Measu
••Process connection Triclamp, flanges, thread Thread Thread range
••Grain size Up to 10mm/0.4” Up to 30mm/1.2” Up to 10mm/0.4” ••Appro
••Density Starting 10g/l — —
••Sensor material 316L (0.8µm), PTFE, ETFE PPS PC, ECTFE
••Measuring range 145 to 20,000mm/ 140 to 6,000mm/ 30mm/1.2”
Applica
6 to 800” 6 to 240”
limits
••Approvals ATEX G/D, NEPSI, FM, CSA, ATEX D, FM, CSA ATEX D, IECEx
TIIS, SIL2
Application limits ••See capacitance for ••See vibronic if metal ••See capacitance for
media > 10mm/0.4” Ø sensor is required or media
for media with strong > 10mm/0.4” Ø
abrasion or DC < 1.6
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 52 11.10.2018 10:59:50

High process temperatures

(e.g. fly ash, hot minerals,…)
High process temperatures

••Silos/coolers with hot media
Hygiene applications
(e.g. after furnaces)
••High temperatures
above 150°C/300°F
••Separate instrumentation with
separate electronics
B
Our proposal
Vibronic Capacitance Microwave Radiometric

Soliphant M Solicap S Soliwave Gammapilot
Advantages ••Up to ••Up to ••Non-invasive from ••Non-contact from

280°C/540°F 400°C/750°F outside when using outside
••Universal ••Very robust high-temperature ••Exact measurement
••For light weight ••Inactive adapters, plugs under extreme
media length, active permitting microwave conditions
••Build-up alarm condensate penetration or ••Density
on build-up inspection glass measurement
••Sword probe or ••Interface
rope probe measurement
Technical data
••Process -1 to 25bar/ -1 to 10bar/ As required As required
pressure -14 to 360psi -14 to 140psi
••Process -50 to +280°C/ 0 to +400°C/ As required As required
temperature -60 to +540°F 30 to +750°F
••Grain size Up to 10mm/0.4” Up to 100mm/4” Ø As required As required
••Density Starting 10g/l — Starting 10g/l As required
••Sensor 316L (0.8µm) Steel, 316L Alu or 316Ti, PTFE or 316L or Alu
material ceramic
••Measuring 145 to 20,000mm/ 200 to 20,000mm/ 30 to 100,000mm/ As required
range 6 to 800” 6 to 900” 1 to 4,000”
••Approvals ATEX G/D, NEPSI, ATEX D, FM, CSA ATEX G/D, CSA, IECEx ATEX G/D, FM, CSA,
FM, CSA, TIIS, SIL2 SIL2/3 IECEx Ex d ia, NEPSI,
TIIS, SIL
Application ••See capacitance ••See microwave ••See capacitance in case ••Observe radiation
limits for media barrier for of build-up with highly protection provisions
> 10mm/0.4” Ø DC < 2 conductive media ••Further information
••See microwave ••See capacitance in case from our sales
or barrier for media of very low attenuation team
> 100mm/4” Ø ••Applicator for
configuring the
measuring point
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 53 11.10.2018 10:59:52

B
Our proposal
Soliphant M Solicap M
Advantages ••Build-up and abrasion monitoring ••Very robust ••Non-invas

••Coated sensor surface available ••Tensile load up to 60kN permitting
••Sensor material 316L with 0.8µm, coated ••Compact or separate instrumentation using perm
••Maintenance-free available ••Front-flush
••Active build-up compensation ••Easy assem
Technical data
••Process pressure -1 to 25bar/-14 to 360psi -1 to 25bar/-14 to 360psi For any pres
abs. (direct i
••Process temperature -50 to +150°C/-60 to +300°F -50 to +180°C/-60 to +350°F For any temp
-40 to +842
••Grain size Up to 10mm/0.4” up to 100mm/4” As required
••Density Starting 10g/l — Starting 10g
••Sensor material 316L (0.8µm), ETFE coated Steel, 316L Alu or 316Ti
••Measuring range 145 to 20,000mm/6 to 800” 200 to 20,000mm/8 to 800” 30 to 100,00
••Approvals ATEX G/D, NEPSI, FM, CSA, TIIS ATEX D, FM, CSA, TIIS, NEPSI, SIL ATEX G/D, C
Application limits ••See capacitance for grain size ••See vibronic for DC < 1.6 ••See capacit
> 10mm/0.4” Ø ••See microwave barrier for grain size conductive
••See microwave barrier for installation in > 100mm/4” Ø ••See capacit
intake flow ••See microwave barrier for installation in
intake flow
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 54 11.10.2018 10:59:53

Aggressive / abrasive media

••Media generating strong abrasion at the sensor
••Robust sensor surface
••Gas/dust Ex-area
••Possible coated sensor surface
B
Microwave Radiometric
Soliwave Gammapilot
Aggressive / abrasive media

••Non-invasive from outside when for containers ••Non-contact from outside
permitting microwave penetration or when ••Exact measurement under extreme
mentation using permeable plugs or similar things conditions
••Front-flush solutions ••Density measurement
on ••Easy assembly ••Interface measurement
For any pressure or 0.5 to 21bar/7.2 to 305psi As required

For any temperature or -40 to +450°C/ As required
As required As required
Starting 10g/l As required
Alu or 316Ti, PTFE or ceramic 316L or Alu
30 to 100,000mm/1 to 4,000” As required
SIL ATEX G/D, CSA, IECEx ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, IECEx Ex d ia, NEPSI,
TIIS, SIL
••See capacitance in case of build-up with highly ••Observe radiation protection provisions
rain size conductive media ••Further information from our sales team
••See capacitance in case of very low attenuation ••Applicator for configuring the
nstallation in measuring point
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 55 11.10.2018 10:59:54

B
Our proposal
Capacitance Microwave
Solicap M Soliwave
Advantages ••Very robust ••Non-invasive from outside when for ••Jamming n

••Tensile load up to 60kN containers permitting microwave ••Sensor ma
••Compact or separate instrumentation penetration or when using permeable plugs, ••Maintenan
available inspection glasses or similar things ••Easy comm
••Active build-up compensation
Technical data
••Process pressure -1 to 25bar/-14 to 360psi For any pressure or 0.5 to 21bar/7.2 to 1 to 25bar/-
305psi abs. (direct installation)
••Process temperature -20 to +180°C/-4 to +350°F For any temperature or -40 to +450°C/ -40 to +150
••Grain size Up to 100mm/4” As required < 25mm/1”
••Density — Starting 10g/l Starting 200
••Sensor material Steel zinc coated, 316L Alu or 316Ti, PTFE or ceramic 316L
••Measuring range 200 to 20,000mm/8 to 800” 30 to 100,000mm/1 to 4,000” 225 to 1,500
••Approvals ATEX D, FM, CSA, TIIS, NEPSI, SIL ATEX G/D, CSA, IECEx ATEX D, CSA
Application limits ••DC < 1.6 or grain size > 100mm/4” Ø ••See capacitance in case of build-up with ••Grain size >
highly conductive media
••See capacitance in case of very low
attenuation
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 56 11.10.2018 10:59:56

Lumpy media
(e.g. conveyor belts, stockpiles)
••Mining, crushers, salt production

••Grain size starting 20mm/8”
••Robust sensor surface
••Strong tensile and bending load
B
Vibronic Radiometric
Soliphant T Gammapilot
n for ••Jamming not possible ••Non-contact from outside

ve ••Sensor material 316L ••Exact measurement under extreme
meable plugs, ••Maintenance-free conditions
ngs ••Easy commissioning ••Density measurement
7.2 to 1 to 25bar/-14 to 360psi As required
Lumpy media
50°C/ -40 to +150°C/-40 to +300°F As required
)
< 25mm/1” As required
Starting 200g/l As required
316L 316L or Alu
225 to 1,500mm/9 to 60” As required
ATEX D, CSA, FM, IEC, NEPSI ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, IECEx Ex d ia,
NEPSI, TIIS, SIL
-up with ••Grain size > 25mm/1” Ø ••Observe radiation protection
provisions
low ••Further information from our sales
team
••Applicator for configuring the
measuring point
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 57 11.10.2018 10:59:58

3.2 Selection of measuring Dusty / fluidizing media

••Fluidizing to increase flow velocity
process requirements ••Very low density (< 50g/l)
••Low conductibility (dielectric constant)
••Hazardous areas
B
Our proposal
Vibronic Microwave Radiometric

Soliphant M Soliwave Gammapilot
Advantages ••Build-up and ••Non-invasive from outside ••Non-contact from

abrasion monitoring when for containers outside
••Ideal for media with permitting microwave ••Exact measurement
low density penetration or when using under extreme
••Self-cleaning in case permeable plugs or similar conditions
of static charging things ••Density measurement
••Maintenance-free ••Front-flush solutions ••Interface measurement
••Easy assembly
Technical data
••Process pressure -1 to 25bar/ For any pressure or As required
-14 to 360psi 0.5 to 21bar/7.2 to 305psi
••Process -50 to +280°C/ For any temperature or As required
temperature -60 to +540°F -40 to +450°C/-40 to +842°F
(direct installation)
••Grain size Up to 10mm/0.4” As required As required
••Density Starting 10g/l Starting 10g/l As required
••Sensor material 316L, PTFE, ETFE Alu or 316Ti, PTFE or ceramic 316L or Alu
••Measuring 145 to 20,000mm/ 30 to 100,000mm/1 to As required
range 6 to 800” 4,000”
••Approvals ATEX G/D, NEPSI, FM, ATEX G/D, CSA, IECEx ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, IECEx
CSA, TIIS, SIL2 Ex d ia, NEPSI, TIIS, SIL
Application limits ••See capacitance ••See capacitance in case ••Observe radiation
for media > 10 of build-up with highly ••protection provisions
mm/0.4” Ø conductive media ••Further information
••See capacitance in case of from our sales team
very low attenuation ••Applicator for configuring
the measuring point
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 58 11.10.2018 10:59:59

Build-up forming /
hygroscopic / tacky media
••Powdery media, tending to strong
build-up on sensor and tank walls
••Clotting media
••Static charging
••Cornice formation in silos
B
Our proposal
Capacitance Vibronic Radiometric

Minicap Soliphant M/T Gammapilot
Advantages ••Build-up ••Build-up and abrasion ••Non-contact from outside

compensation monitoring ••Exact measurement under
nt ••Maintenance-free ••Also for media with low extreme conditions
Build-up forming / hygroscopic / tacky media

ent ••High mechanical density ••Density measurement
stability ••Self-cleaning effect by ••Interface measurement
vibronic
••Maintenance-free
Technical data
••Process -1 to 25bar/ -1 to 25bar/ As required
••Process -40 to +120°C/ -50 to +280°C/ As required
temperature -40 to +250°F -60 to +540°F
••Grain size Up to 30mm/1.2” Up to 25mm/1” As required
••Density — Starting 10g/l As required
••Measuring 140 to 6,000mm/ 145 to 20,000mm/ As required
range 5 to 230” 6 to 800”
••Sensor material PPS 316L (0.8µm), PTFE 316L or Alu
CEx ••Approvals ATEX D, FM, CSA ATEX G/D, NEPSI, FM, ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, IECEx Ex
L CSA, TIIS, SIL2 d ia, NEPSI, TIIS, SIL
Application ••See vibronic if metal ••Observe radiation
limits sensor is required protection provisions
or for media with ••Further information from
Dusty / fluidizing media
Bulk solids under water
strong abrasion or our sales team

ring DC < 1.6 ••Applicator for configuring
the measuring point
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 59 11.10.2018 11:00:00

3.2 Selection of measuring Bulk solids under water

4
••Sensor does not react in
process requirements case of water or liquids

similar to water
••Detection of settled
solids under water
••Possibly high process
pressures
B
Our proposal
C Vibronic
Soliphant M/T
Paddle
Soliswitch
Radiometric
Gammapilot
Advantages ••Maintenance-free ••Price-effective sensor ••Non-contact from

outside
••Exact measurement
under extreme
conditions
Technical data
••Process -1 to 25bar/ -0.5 to 1.8bar/ As required
••Process -50 to +280°C/ -20 to +80°C/ As required
••Grain size Up to 25mm/1” Up to 50mm/2” As required
••Density Starting 10g/l Starting 100g/l As required
••Measuring 145 to 6,000mm/ 75 to 2,000mm/ As required
range 6 to 230” 3 to 80”
••Sensor material 316L, PTFE, ETFE Special steel (303) 316L
••Approvals ATEX G/D, NEPSI, FM, ATEX D ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, IEC,
CSA, TIIS, SIL2 NEPSI, TIIS, SIL
Application limits ••Only sediment is ••Top installation only ••Observe radiation
detected ••protection provisions
••Not for floating media ••Further information
from our sales team
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 60 11.10.2018 11:00:01

4. Instrument selection Capacitance

within the measuring
••Tried and tested in operation, robust and safe
Capacitance
principle ••Easy commissioning
••Versatile
Continued on page 62
Solicap S Solicap M
FTI77 FTI55, FTI56
Applications ••Applications with temperatures ••Robust sensor for lumpy and abrasive
up to 400°C/750°F media
••Full and empty alarm ••Full and empty alarm
••Installation from top, side and ••Installation from top, side and bottom
bottom
Special features ••Robust probe ••Tensile load up to 60kN
••Side load 800Nm ••Side load 300Nm
••Unaffected by condensate and ••Easy rope adjustment
build-up ••Modular design
••Active build-up compensation ••Active build-up compensation
Technical data
••Process pressure -1 to 10bar/-14 to 140psi -1 to 25bar/-14 to 360psi
••Process -20 to +400°C/ -50 to +180°C/
••Process Thread: 1½ (R, NPT) Thread: 1½ (R, NPT)
connection Flanges: EN, ANSI, JIS Flanges: EN, ANSI, JIS
••Grain size Up to 100mm/4” Up to 100mm/4”
••Measuring range 200 to 20,000mm/8 to 800” 200 to 20,000mm/8 to 800”
••Sensor material Steel, 316L, ceramic Steel, 316L, PTFE
••Housing material Alu, Polyester, 316L Alu, Polyester, 316L
••Electric Separate: PFM, 3-wire, NAMUR, Separate: PFM, 3-wire, NAMUR,
C,
connection 8/16mA 8/16mA
compact: DC, relay, 2-wire compact: DC, relay, 2-wire
••Approvals ATEX D, CSA, FM, SIL ATEX D, FM, CSA, TIIS, NEPSI, SIL
••Settings Min./max. safety Min./max. safety
••Design Sword and rope probe Rod and rope probe
••DC Starting 2 Starting 1.6
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 61 11.10.2018 11:00:03

Capacitance
Continued from page 61
Minicap Nivector
FTC260, FTC262 FTI26
Applications ••Particularly for build-up forming ••Measurement from outside

media through plastic silos
••Full and empty alarm ••Powdery and fine-grained
••Installation from side, top and solids up to 10mm
bottom ••Full and empty alarm
••Installation from side and
bottom
Special features ••FDA-listed material ••Protector for abrasion
••Maintenance-free protection
••Build-up compensation (FDA-listed material)
••May be used without calibration
Technical data
••Process temperature -40 to +120°C/-40 to +250°F -20 to +80°C/-4 to +180°F
••Process connection Thread: 1, 1½ (R, NPT) Thread: G1A
••Grain size Up to 30mm/1.2” Up to 10mm/0.4”
••Measuring range 140 to 6,000mm/5 to 230” Starting 20mm/0.8” (front-flush)
••Sensor material PPS, FDA-listed PC, ECTFE
••Housing material Alu, Polyester PC, ECTFE
••Electric connection DC, DPDT AC, DC
••Approvals ATEX D, FM, CSA ATEX D, IECEx, hygiene
certificates (EHEDG, 3-A,
EG 1935/200, FDA
••Settings Min./max. safety, sensitivity Min./max. safety
••Design Rod and rope probe Compact
••DC Starting 1.6 Starting 2
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 62 11.10.2018 11:00:03

Capacitance installation instructions
Capacitance
Rod and rope probes may be used for both
max. and min. detection.
Switch point
The switch point depends on the properties
of the bulk solids (angled surface, dielectric
constant, flow properties ...).
Installation position
Rod probes may be installed from the top, side
or bottom. Rope probes only from the top.
In lateral position:
C
••Install the sensor as inclined as possible
(10-30°)
••Install a protective cover for heavy bulk solids
••Do not install sensor in the intake flow
••Provide a distance between two rod probe
ends of at least 200mm/8” (FTC260)
Rope probe
••Install probe as close to the center as
possible so that the angled surface cannot
press the weight to the wall
••The length of the rope may be adjusted
••Take tensile force into consideration
••Take intake flow into consideration
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 63 11.10.2018 11:00:04

Vibronic
••Universal limit switch
••Largest variety of certificates, housings, electronic inserts,
process connections and sensor geometries
••Easy installation
••No wear and tear / maintenance-free
Soliphant M – Vibronic fork Soliphant T – Single rod sensor

FTM50/FTM51/FTM52 FTM20/FTM21
C
Applications ••Also for fluidized media ••Cost-effective and universal sensor
••Filling nozzle applications for all fine-grained and lumpy
••Solids under water media
••Full and empty alarm ••Solids under water
••Installation from the side, ••Full and empty alarm
top and bottom ••Installation from the side, top and
bottom
Special features ••Build-up and abrasion monitoring ••Simple self-cleaning
••Up to +280°C/+540°F ••Preferred in clotting media
••Most universal sensor also for the
finest media
••Coated and polished sensors
Technical data
••Process temperature -50 to +280°C/-60 to +540°F -40 to +150°C/-40 to +300°F
••Process connection Thread: 1¼, 1½ (NPT, R), Triclamp Thread: 1¼, 1½ (NPT, R)
Flanges: ANSI, EN, JIS,
••Grain size Up to 10mm/0.4” Up to 25mm/1”
••Density Starting 10g/l Starting 200g/l
••Measuring range 145 to 20,000mm/6 to 800” 225 to 1,500mm/9 to 60”
••Sensor material 316L (0.8µm), PTFE, ETFE 316L
••Housing material PE, 316L, Aluminum PE, Aluminum
••Lateral load 600N 450N
••Electric AC-2-wire, DC-PNP, relay, DPDT, PFM, DC, DPDT
connection 8/16mA, NAMUR
••Approvals ATEX G/D, NEPSI, CSA+FM, TIIS, SIL2 ATEX D, CSA C/US, CSA+FM DIP
••Settings Sensitivity, time delay, diagnosis, Sensitivity, min./max. alarm
solids detection under water,
min./max. alarm
••Design Compact, tube extension, rope Compact, tube extension
extension
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 64 11.10.2018 11:00:07

Vibronic installation instructions

Compact sensors as well as those with tube
and rope extension can be used for both max.
and min. detection.
Switch point
The switch point depends on the properties of
the bulk solids (angled surface, density, grain
size, flow properties ...).
Compact sensors and probes with tube
extension may be installed from the top, side
Vibronic
or bottom. Probes with rope extension only
C
from the top.
••Ensure the tines (of the fork) are aligned
••longitudinally
••Install the sensor as inclined as possible
(10-30°)
••Install a protective cover for heavy bulk solids
••Do not install sensor in the intake flow
Rope extension
press the weight
••to the wall
••The length of the rope may be adjusted for
the desired application (rope adjustment set)
Hygiene processes
••Hygiene applications, install sensor in a
manner permitting cleaning in process.
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 65 11.10.2018 11:00:08

Paddle
••Price-effective measuring principle for simple applications
••Calibration not required
••Rotation monitoring
C
Soliswitch
FTE20
Applications ••Full and empty alarm

••Installation from the side, top or bottom
Special features ••3 switching pressure levels can be preset
••Rotation monitoring (optional)
••Slip clutch against load strength
Technical data
••Process pressure -0.5 to 1.8bar/-7 to 26psi
••Process temperature -20 to +80°C/-4 to +180°F
••Process connection Thread: 1½ (G, NPT), 1¼ NPT, ¾ G
••Grain size Up to 50mm/2”
••Density Starting 100g/l
••Measuring range 75 to 2,000mm/3 to 80”
••Dimensions 133mm/5.2” length
••Sensor material Special steel (303, 304, 316L)
••Housing material PE, IP 65, NEMA4
••Electric connection AC, DC (relay output)
••Approvals ATEX D, CSA, FM
••Settings Switching pressure
••Design Compact, rope extension
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 66 11.10.2018 11:00:09

Paddle installation instructions

Compact sensors as well as those with rope
extension can be used for both max. and min.
detection.
Switch point
The FTE20 can be adjusted to the bulk
material by presetting the switching pressure
accordingly.
Compact sensors and those with tube
extension may be installed from the top, from
below or side. Sensors with rope extension
C
only from the top.
••Provide a protective cover against collapsing
cornices
••Ensure cable glands point downwards
••Install 10-30° inclined at the top or vertically
Please do not:
••Install in the product flow
••Use an extremely long threaded nozzle
••Install vertically with a shaft length
> 300mm/11.8”
Paddle
••Install inclined at the bottom
Rope extension
press the weight to the wall
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 67 11.10.2018 11:00:10

Microwave barrier
••Non-contact point level detection with optional bulk flow monitoring
••Non-contact installation (transmission window) or front-flush installation
(contact)
••Measuring principle almost unaffected by process conditions (e.g. pressure,
temperature, aggressive and abrasive media, dust, contamination buildup)
••Also applicable in difficult applications, where other measurement methods
fail
Soliwave Soliwave
FDR56/FQR56 FDR57/FQR57/FTR525
C
Applications ••Non-invasive point level detection in ••Non-invasive point level detection in
powdery to lumpy media powdery to lumpy media
••Full and empty detection ••Full and empty detector
••Detection of contamination, build-up ••Ideal in hygiene applications
or similar matter ••Combined point level detection and
••Ideal in hygiene applications bulk flow monitoring possible
••Detection of fouling, accumulations
or similar
Special features ••Display of signal intensity by LED ••With optional integrated bulk flow
bargraph monitoring
••4 to 20mA analog output ••Comfortable and easy operation with
••Integrated switch amplifier graphical display
••Electronics housing 360° rotatable ••Parallel mode in tightest conditions
Technical data
••Process pressure 0.5 to 6.8bar/7.2 to 99psi abs. 0.5 to 6.8bar/7.2 to 99psi abs.
(0.5 to 21bar/7.2 to 305psi abs. with (0.5 to 21bar/7.2 to 305psi abs. with
high temperature adapter) high temperature adapter)
••Process -40 to +70°C/-40 to +158°F (-40 -40 to +70°C/-40 to +158°F
temperature to +450°C/-40 to +842°F with high (-40 to +450°C/-40 to +842°F with
temperature adapter) high temperature adapter)
••Process connection Thread: 1½ (R, G, NPT) Thread: 1½ (R, G, NPT)
••Grain size Optional Optional
••Density Starting 10g/l Starting 10g/l
••Detection range 0.03 to 100m/0.1 to 328ft 0.03 to 100m/0.1 to 328ft
••Sensor material PTFE or ceramics, aluminum or 316Ti PTFE or ceramics, 316Ti
••Housing material Polyester, aluminum or stainless steel Polyester, aluminum or stainless steel
••Signal output Relay SPDT, analog 4 to 20mA or solid Relay SPDT, solid-state relay, 4 to 20mA
state relay and alarm open collector
••Approvals ATEX D, CSA, IEC ATEX G/D, CSA, IECEx
••Settings FDR56: Sensitivity, hysteresis, limit FTR525: Sensitivity, hysteresis, limit
signal function, switching delays, signal function, switching point and
attenuation switching delays, attenuation
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 68 11.10.2018 11:00:11

Microwave barrier installation instructions

••The microwave barrier may be used both in max.
and min. detection.
Optional flow monitorin detecting

The bulk flow should flow as close as possible to
the FDR57.
Switch point
••The switch point exclusively depends on the
orientation, the attenuation properties of bulk
solids and poss. the parameterized delay.
4 to 20mA analog output
C
••Optionally for the analysis of build-up,
contamination or similar matter. E.g.
the progression of contamination from
„uncontaminated“ to „contaminated“ can be
analyzed (limit values may be set individually).
n in
Orientation
••Transmitter and transceiver must be installed
on opposite sides of the tank.
nd Easy installation ••If it is not possible to arrange transmitter and
transceiver on opposite sides for structural
1. Screw self-tightening connection
ns reasons, the microwave ray can be deflected via
thread into the process (hexagon key
planar metal mirrors (reflectors) (lowers range
of 55mm/2.2")
by approx. 10%, respectively).
w ••Interfering reflections on metal parts are to be
avoided.
with ••The parallel operation of several microwave
barriers to acquire different levels/point levels
ns is possible.
Assembly
2. Orientate transmitter and transceiver
ith ••Direct assembly with 1½ (R, G, NPT) threaded
to each other (both devices must face
connection through the tank wall (contact
each other)
installation, independent of tank materials).
Microwave barrier
••Optional fastening by accessories (e.g. clamps or
adapter flanges).
••If the tank wall is of material which does not
permit microwaves to penetrate, additional
windows permitting the penetration of
microwaves are to be installed in the tank
wall. For this purpose, extensive accessories
3. Fasten housing
eel are available (e.g. inspection glasses) and
(internal hexagon 2.5mm/0.1")
0mA configurable accessories (e.g. plugs of plastics or
ceramics).
••The electronics housing can be rotated 360°,
t thus providing optimum orientation after
d installation.
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 69 11.10.2018 11:00:12

Flow indicator for bulk solids

••Non-contact monitoring of pneumatic and mechanical transport processes
••Non-contact installation (transmission window) or front-flush installation
(contact)
••4 to 20mA analog output to analyze changes in solids flows
C
Solimotion
FTR20
Applications ••Bulk solids movement detector to monitor pneumatic and mechanical

transport processes
••Non-invasive detection in powdery to lumpy media
••Ideal for hygiene applications
••With optional accessories, e.g. inspection glasses and plugs of plastics
and ceramics, may also be used in walls not permitting the penetration
of microwaves
Special features ••Cost-effective monitoring of bulk solids movements
(movement / no movement)
••4 to 20mA analog output to analyze changes of solids flows
••Electronics housing rotatable 360°
Technical data
••Process pressure 0.5 to 6.8bar/7.2 to 99psi abs. (0.5 to 21bar/7.2 to 305psi abs. with
high temperature adapter)
••Process temperature -40 to +70°C/-40 to +158°F (-40 to +450°C/-40 to +842°F with adapter
for temperature reduction)
••Process connection Thread: 1½ (R, G, NPT)
••Grain size Optional
••Density Optional
••Detection range 0.03 to 20m/0.1 to 66ft depending on bulk solid media
••Sensor material PTFE or ceramics, aluminum or 316Ti
••Housing material Polyester, aluminum or stainless steel
••Electric connection Relay SPDT, analog 4 to 20mA or solid state relay
••Approvals ATEX D, CSA, IECEx
••Settings Detection range, amplification, hysteresis, limit signal function, switching
delays, attenuation
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 70 11.10.2018 11:00:12

Installation instructions for flow indicator for bulk solids
Detection of solids flows

The flow indicator for bulk solids may be
used in all applications requiring monitoring
of solids flows (existing or not existing) in a
cost-effective manner.
Switch point
The switch point exclusively depends on the
orientation, the attenuation properties of bulk
solids and poss. parameterized settings.
4 to 20mA analog output

Changes in the solids flow can additionally be
analyzed via the optional 4 to 20mA current
C
output.
Orientation
••The orientation is optional.
••Vibration is to be avoided.
••A small angle α can increase the signal
Easy installation quality
1. Screw self-tightening connection

thread into the process (hexagon key
of 55mm/2.2”)
Assembly
2. Orientate FTR20 ••Direct assembly with 1½ (R, G, NPT)
threaded connection through the process
wall (contact installation, independent of
wall materials).
••Depending on the application, FTR20 should
be assembled as rigidly as possible (in low
vibration of the entire plant) or completely
decoupled (in stronger vibration).
3. Fasten housing ••Optional fastening by accessories (e.g.
(internal hexagon 2.5mm/0.1”) clamps or adapter flanges).
••If the process wall is of material which
does not permit microwaves to penetrate,
additional windows permitting the
penetration of microwaves are to be installed
Bulk solids movement detection
in the tank wall. For this purpose, extensive

accessories are available (e.g. inspection
glasses) and configurable accessories (e.g.
plugs of plastics or ceramics).
••The electronics housing of FTR20 can be
rotated 360°, thus providing optimum
orientation after installation.
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 71 11.10.2018 11:00:13

Eco-friendly produced and printed on paper from sustainable forestry.
www.addresses.endress.com
CP00007F/00/EN/17.18
CP00007F00EN1718.indd 72 11.10.2018 11:00:13

Point Level Detection in Liquids and Bulk Solids: Selection and Engineering Guide

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Point Level Detection in Liquids and Bulk Solids: Selection and Engineering Guide

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Point level detection

CP00007F00EN1718.indd 1 11.10.2018 10:59:04

• Point level detection

• Point level detection

CP00007F00EN1718.indd 2 11.10.2018 10:59:05

Point level detection in liquids

CP00007F00EN1718.indd 3 11.10.2018 10:59:08

This selection and engineering guide provides information on different

This pamphlet exclusively concerns point level detection. A separate selection

Selection of the instrument

CP00007F00EN1718.indd 4 11.10.2018 10:59:08

1. Overview of measuring principles ................................................. 6

3.2 Selection of measuring principle according to process

4. Instrument selection within the measuring principle/

CP00007F00EN1718.indd 5 11.10.2018 10:59:08

1. Overview of measuring principles

Bulk solids Vibronic Radar

CP00007F00EN1718.indd 6 11.10.2018 10:59:08

„You only pay what you really need.“

Endress+Hauser takes this statement seriously and offers a large number A

The respective price of an instrument within its principle corresponds to its

CP00007F00EN1718.indd 7 11.10.2018 10:59:09

1. Overview of measuring principles

A Contact measuring principles

CP00007F00EN1718.indd 8 11.10.2018 10:59:10

Non-contact measuring principles

CP00007F00EN1718.indd 9 11.10.2018 10:59:10

Please complete Notes

Installation Tank yes no

CP00007F00EN1718.indd 10 11.10.2018 10:59:10

CP00007F00EN1718.indd 11 11.10.2018 10:59:10

3.1 Selection of measuring principle according to application

••Measuring 35 to 6,000mm/ 100 to 10,000mm/ 50 to 15,00

CP00007F00EN1718.indd 12 11.10.2018 10:59:12

1,450psi -1 to 160bar/-14.5 to 2,320psi 0 to 3bar/0 to 43.5psi As required

CP00007F00EN1718.indd 13 11.10.2018 10:59:14

3.1 Selection of measuring principle according to application

Advantages ••Free of calibration and maintenance ••Active build-up compensation ••Universally

••Measuring range Starting 35mm/1.4” — Starting 100

CP00007F00EN1718.indd 14 11.10.2018 10:59:15

nsation ••Universally adaptable probe ••Non-contact from outside

5psi -1 to +100bar/-14.5 to 1,450psi As required

CP00007F00EN1718.indd 15 11.10.2018 10:59:16

3.2 Selection of measuring principle according to process requirements

Advantages ••Gastight process seal ••Fully insulated probe ••Non-conta

CP00007F00EN1718.indd 16 11.10.2018 10:59:18

••Non-contact from outside

CP00007F00EN1718.indd 17 11.10.2018 10:59:18

3.2 Selection of measuring principle according to process requirements

Advantages ••Self-monitoring for build-up and ••Non-contact from outside

CP00007F00EN1718.indd 18 11.10.2018 10:59:19

High process pressures / high temperatures

CP00007F00EN1718.indd 19 11.10.2018 10:59:19

3.2 Selection of measuring principle according to process requirements

Advantages ••Active build-up compensation ••Self-monitoring for build-up and ••Non-conta

CP00007F00EN1718.indd 20 11.10.2018 10:59:19

Low temperature requirements

Low temperature requirements

and ••Non-contact from outside

CP00007F00EN1718.indd 21 11.10.2018 10:59:20

3.2 Selection of measuring principle according to process requirements

••Measuring range 35 to 6,000mm/1.4 to 236” 100 to 10,000mm/3.9 to 394” 1µS/cm to 1