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Chemical Constituents from the flower of Datura metel

Article  in  Archives of Pharmacal Research · October 2008

DOI: 10.1007/s12272-001-1274-6 · Source: PubMed

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Chemical Constituents from the Flower of
Datura metel

YANG Bing-You, XIA Yong-Gang, CHEN Dong, KUANG Hai-Xue*

Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040,
China

[ABSTRACT] AIM: To study the chemical constituents of Datura metel L. METHODS: Extracted with 50% EtOH,
the constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel, ODS and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography as well as
HPLC. Their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data. RESULTS: Nine compounds were iso-
lated and identified as (+)-pinoresinol-O-β-D-diglucopyranoside (1), (+)-pinoresinol-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), p-tyro-
sol (3), trans-N-p-coumaroyltyramine (4), cis-N-p-coumaroyltyramine (5), 4-hydroxy-N-(4-hydroxyphenethyl) benza-
mide (6), phenethyl alcohol-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(2→1)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopy-
ranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactopyranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (8), and kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-
β-D-galactopyranosyl-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (9). CONCLUSION: Compounds 1-9 have been isolated from this
plant for the first time.
[KEY WORDS] Datura metel L.; Chemical constituents; Structure determination
[CLC Number] R284.1 [Document code] A [Article ID] 1672-3651(2010)06-0429-04
doi: 10.3724/SP. J. 1009.2010.00429

Datura metel L. (Solanaceae) is a widespread species cis-N-p-coumaroyltyramine (5), 4-hydroxy-N-(4- hydroxy-

of the genus Datura, occurring in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian,
Guangdong, and Sichuan provinces of China. D. metel is
well-known for the production of tropane alkaloids such as
hyoscyamine, scopolamine, anisodamine and anisodine [1].
In Chinese medicine, Flos Daturae (Chinese name: Yang-
jinghua), the dry flower of D. metel L. is used as anesthetic,
prescribed for the treatment of cough, asthma, and convul-
sion.
Datura metel L. has an obvious effect on psoriasis for
clinical use in China. Chemical and pharmaceutical re-
searches have been conducted on the part extracted with
50% ethanol from Datura metel L. for the aims of searching
for the effective constituents and further determining the
active compounds for psoriasis. We discovered 9 com-
pounds for the first time in our research. Their structures
were elucidated to be (+)-pinoresinol-O-β-D-diglu-
copyranoside (1), (+)- pinoresinol-O-β-D-glucopyranoside
(2), p-tyrosol (3), trans-N-p-coumaroyltyramine (4),
[Received on] 08-Jun.-2010
[Research Funding] This project was supported by the Major
State Basic Research Development Program of China (973 Pro-
gram 2006CB504708), the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Nos. 30371736, 30672633) and Special Fund Project of
National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of China (200980).
[*Corresponding author] KUANG Hai-Xue: Prof., Tel: 86-451-
82193001, E-mail: hxkuang@hotmail.com
These authors have no any conflict of interest to declare.
phenethyl)benzamide (6), phenethyl alcohol-O-
β-D-glucopyranosyl-(2→1)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7),
kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galacto-
pyranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (8), and kaempferol-
3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galacto-pyranosyl-7-
O-β-D-glucopyranoside (9), respectively. All of them were
obtained from this plant for the first time.
1 Apparatus and Reagents
The melting points were measured on Kofler micro-
melting point apparatus (uncorrected). The optical rotations
were recorded on a Perkin-Elmer 341. The UV and NMR
spectra were recorded on Shimadzu UV-1601 and Bruker
DPX 400 (400 MHz for 1H NMR and 100 MHz for
13
C NMR), respectively. Chemical shifts are given as δ
values with reference to tetramethylsilane (TMS) as an
internal standard, and coupling constants are given in Hz.
The HR-ESI-MS analyses were conducted on IonSpec Ul-
tima 7.0T FTICR; ESI-MS were carried out on Finnigan
MAT LCQ mass spectrometer. A Hypersil ODS II (5 μm,
4.6 mm × 250 mm, Yilite, Da lian, China) was employed
for analytical HPLC (Waters, 2695-2996). Preparative
HPLC (Waters, Delta 600-2487) was performed on Pegasil
ODS II (5 μm, 10 mm × 250 mm, Senshu Pak, Japan). Ion
exchange resin, macroporous absorption resin (Styrene-
DVB 001×7 and AB-8 Crosslinked Polystyrene, Nankai,
Tianjin, China) and silica gel (200-300 mesh, Yinhai,

2010 年 11 月 第8卷 第6期 Chin J Nat Med Nov. 2010 Vol. 8 No. 6 429
 YANG Bing-You, et al. /Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2010, 8(6): 429−432
Qingdao, China) were employed for column chromato-
graphy. ODSA (120 A, 50 μm) was obtained from YMC
Co..
2 Plant Material
The dry flowers of D. metel L. were collected from
Jiangsu Province China in 2002. The voucher specimen
(2002035) authenticated by Prof. WANG Zhen-Yue,
Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine (China) has
been kept at Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,
Harbin, China.
3 Extraction and Isolation
The dried flowers (30 kg) of D. metel L. were ex-
tracted with 70% EtOH under reflux (2 × 100 L) for 2.5 h,
and the combined solution was filtered and evaporated un-
der vacuum to syrup, followed by suspension in H2O. The
suspension was acidified with 0.1% HCl, and then filtered
and exchanged for Styrene-DVB (001 × 7). The exchanged
solution was passed through AB-8 Crosslinked Polystyrene,
and sequentially eluted with H2O, 50% EtOH, and 95%
EtOH, respectively. 50% EtOH elution was concentrated
under vacuum to yield a syrup (52.0 g) and this crude resi-
due was subjected to silica gel and eluted successively with
CHCl3/MeOH (10∶1-1∶1, V/V) gradient elute to give 10
fractions (Fr. 1-10). Fr. 8 (10 g) continued silica gel chro-
matography elution with CHCl3 / MeOH (5∶1-1∶1, V/V)
to afford a number of sub- fractions B1-B9. Compounds 1
B
(25 mg), 2 (15 mg), 7 (20 mg), 8 (19 mg) and 9 (21 mg)
were obtained by ODS column chromatography of the
sub-fraction B7 (1.5 g) eluted with MeOH/H2O (1∶5-3∶1,
V/V). B2 (1.6 g) continues silica gel chromatography elution
with CHCl3/ MeOH (5∶1-1∶1, V/V) to afford a number of
sub-fractions C1-C4. Sub-fraction C2 (255 mg) was purified
by semi-preparative HPLC on a Pegasil ODS II column (5
μm, 10 mm × 250 mm, flow rate 3 mL·min-1) with
MeOH/H2O (4∶6) to afford 3 (8 mg, tR = 14.5 min), 4 (10
mg, tR = 16 min), 5 (10 mg, tR = 16 min) and 6 (27 mg, tR =
18 min)
4 Structural Identification
Compound 1 White amorphous powder, molish
reaction is positive. Glc was checked out by acid hydrolysis
TLC. ESI-MS m/z 705 [M + Na]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz,
DMSO-d6) δ: 6.95 (2H, d, J = 1.2 Hz, H-2, 2'), 7.04 (2H, d,
J = 8.2 Hz, H-5, 5'), 6.85 (2H, dd, J = 8.2, 1.2 Hz, H-6, 6'),
4.67 (2H, d, J = 3.6 Hz, H-7, 7'), 3.05 (2H, m, H-8, 8'), 3.79
(2H, m, H-9, 9'), 4.14 (2H, m, H-9, 9'), 3.76 (6H, s, Ome ×
2), 4.86 (2H, d, J = 6.4 Hz, glc-H-1, 1'), 3.15 (2H, m,
glc-H-2, 2'), 3.32 (2H, m, glc-H-3, 3'), 3.23 (2H, m, glc-H-4,
4'), 3.24 (2H, m, glc-H-5, 5'), 3.43 (2H, dd, J = 10.4, 5.6 Hz,
glc-H-6, 6'), 3.65 (2H, dd, J = 10.4, 3.0 Hz, glc-H-6, 6');
430 Chin J Nat Med Nov. 2010 Vol. 8 No. 6
13
C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 135.5 (C-1, 1'), 110.7
(C-2, 2'), 146.0 (C-3, 3'), 149.1 (C-4, 4'), 115.3 (C-5, 5'),
118.3 (C-6, 6'), 85.0 (C-7, 7'), 53.8 (C-8, 8'), 71.2 (C-9, 9'),
55.8 (-OCH3 × 2), 100.3 (glc-C-1, 1'), 73.4 (glc-C-2, 2'),
77.1 (glc-C-3, 3'), 69.8 (glc-C-4, 4'), 77.0 (glc-C-5, 5'), 60.8
(glc-C-6, 6'). Compound 1 was characterized as (+)
-pinoresinol-O-β-D-diglucopyranoside by comparison of
the 1H and 13C NMR data with the literature [2].
Compound 2 White amorphous powder, molish
reaction is positive. Glc was checked out by lamella acid
hydrolysis TLC. ESI-MS m/z 519 [M - H]-. 1H NMR (400
MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 7.00 (1H, d, J = 1.7 Hz, H-2), 7.13 (1H,
d, J = 8.3 Hz, H-5), 6.91 (1H, dd, J = 8.3, 1.7 Hz, H-6),
4.74 (1H, d, J = 3.9Hz, H-7), 3.12 (1H, m, H-8), 3.84 (1H,
m, H-9), 4.22 (1H, m, H-9), 3.85 (6H, s, Ome × 2), 6.93
(1H, d, J = 1.7Hz, H-2'), 6.75 (1H, d, J = 8.1 Hz, H-5'), 6.79
(1H, dd, J = 8.1, 1.7 Hz, H-6'), 4.70 (1H, d, J = 4.3 Hz,
H-7'), 3.12 (1H, m, H-8'), 3.84 (2H, m, H-9'), 4.23 (2H, m,
H-9'), 4.87 (1H, d, J = 7.2 Hz, glc-H-1), 3.45 (1H, m,
glc-H- 2), 3.47 (1H, m, glc-H-3), 3.44 (1H, m, glc-H-4),
3.46 (1H, m, glc-H-5), 3.67 (2H, dd, J = 11.4, 5.6 Hz,
glc-H-6), 3.84 (2H, dd, J = 11.4, 2.0 Hz, glc-H-6); 13C
NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 137.3 (C-1), 111.5 (C-2),
147.4 (C-3), 150.9 (C-4), 117.8 (C-5), 120.0 (C-6), 87.0
(C-7), 55.2 (C-8), 72.6 (C-9), 56.3 (Ome × 2), 133.6 (C-1'),
110.8 (C-2'), 147.3 (C-3'), 149.1 (C-4'), 116.0 (C-5'), 119.7
(C-6'), 87.4 (C-7'), 55.3 (C-8'), 72.6 (C-9'), 102.7 (glc-C-1),
74.8 (glc-C-2), 78.1 (glc-C-3), 71.2 (glc-C-4), 77.8
(glc-C-5), 62.4 (glc-C- 6). Compound 2 was characterized
as (+)-pinoresinol-O- β-D-glucopyranoside by comparison
of 1H and 13C NMR data with the literature [3].
Compound 3 Colorless needles. ESI-MS m/z 138
[M]+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 6.94 (2H, d, J = 8.0
Hz, H-2, 6), 6.68 (2H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, H-3, 5), 3.04 (2H, t,
J = 6.4 Hz, H-7), 4.33 (2H, t, J = 6.4 Hz, H-8). 13C NMR
(100 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 147.3 (C-1), 131.0 (C-2, 6), 116.7
(C-3, 5), 157.7 (C-4), 37.0 (C-7), 60.9 (C-8). Compound 3
was characterized as p-tyrosol by comparison of 1H and 13C
NMR data with the literature [4-5].
Compound 4 White amorphous powder. ESI-MS
m/z:282 [M - H]-. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 7.38 (2H,
d, J = 8.6 Hz, H-2, 6), 6.78 (2H, d, J = 8.6 Hz, H-3, 5), 7.43
(1H, d, J = 15.6 Hz, H-8), 6.37(1H, d, J = 15.6 Hz, H-7),
7.04 (2H, d, J = 8.4 Hz, H-2', 6'), δ: 6.71 (2H, d, J = 8.4 Hz,
H-3', 5'), 2.74 (2H, t, J = 7.2 Hz, H-7'), 3.44 (2H, t, J = 7.2
Hz, H-8'); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 127.6 (C-1),
130.7 (C-2 and C-6), 116.7 (C-3, C-5), 160.5 (C-4), 141.7
(C-7), 118.3 (C-8), 169.2 (C-9), 131.2 (C-1'), 130.5 (C-2',
C-6'), 116.2 (C-3', C-5'), 156.9 (C-4'), 35.8 (C-7'), 42.5
(C-8'). Compound 4 was characterized as trans-N-p-cou-
maroyltyramine by comparison of 1H and 13C NMR data
with the literature [6].
Compound 5 White amorphous powder. ESI-MS
m/z 282 [M - H]-. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 7.35 (2H,
2010 年 11 月 第8卷 第6期
 YANG Bing-You, et al. /Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2010, 8(6): 429−432
d, J = 8.6 Hz, H-2, 6), 6.71 (2H, d, J = 8.6 Hz, H-3, 5), 6.60
(1H, d, J = 12.6 Hz, H-8), 5.78(1H, d, J = 12.6 Hz, H-7),
7.00 (2H, d, J = 8.4 Hz, H-2', 6'), δ: 6.71 (2H, d, J = 8.4 Hz,
H-3', 5'), 2.68 (2H, t, J = 7.7 Hz, H-7'), 3.37 (2H, t, J = 7.7
Hz, H-8'); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 127.9 (C-1),
132.3 (C-2, C-6), 116.2 (C-3, C-5), 159.3 (C-4), 138.1
(C-7), 121.8 (C-8), 170.3 (C-9), 131.2 (C-1'), 130.7 (C-2',
C-6'), 115.9 (C-3', C-5'), 156.9 (C-4'), 35.5 (C-7'), 42.3
(C-8'). Compound 5 was characterized as cis-N-p-cou- ma-
royltyramine by comparison of 1H and 13C NMR data with
the literature [7].
Compound 6 Colorless needles. ESI-MS m/z 256
[M - H]-. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 7.05(2H, d, J =
8.4 Hz, H-2, 6), 6.69 (2H, d, J = 8.4 Hz, H-3, 5), 7.64 (2H,
d, J = 8.7 Hz, H-2', 6'), 6.79 (2H, d, J = 8.7 Hz, H-3', 5'),
2.77 (2H, t, J = 7.7 Hz, H-7'), 3.35(2H, t, J = 7.7 Hz, H-8');
13
C NMR (100 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 131.1 (C-1), 130.7 (C-2,
C-6), 115.9 (C-3, C-5), 156.9 (C-4), 170.1 (C-7), 127.9
(C-1'), 131.3 (C-2', C-6'), 116.2 (C-3', C-5'), 156.3 (C-4'),
35.5 (C-7'), 42.3 (C-8'). Compound 6 was characterized as
4-Hydroxy-N-(4-hydroxyphenethyl) benzamide by com-
parison of 1H and 13C NMR data with the literature [8].
Compound 7 Colorless needles, molish reaction is
positive. Glu was checked out by acid hydrolysis TLC.
ESI-MS m/z 445 [M - H]-. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ:
7.15-7.27 (5H, m), 3.22 (2H, dt, J = 11.9, 8.4 Hz, H-7),
3.65 (2H, dt, J = 11.9, 8.4 Hz, H-8), 4.60 (1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz,
glc-H-1), 4.45 (1H, d, J = 7.7 Hz, glc-H-1'); 13C NMR (100
MHz, CD3OD) δ: 127.2 (C-1), 130.2 (C-2, C-6), 129.3 (C-3,
C-5), 140.1 (C-4), 37.2 (C-7), 71.7 (C-8), 102.9 (glc-C-1),
82.8 (glc-C-2), 77.7 (glc-C-3), 71.4 (glc-C-4), 77.8 (glc-C
-5), 62.6 (glc-C-6), 104.8 (glc-C-1'), 75.9 (glc-C-2'), 77.9
(glc-C-3'), 71.4 (glc-C-4'), 78.1 (glc-C-5'), 62.7 (glc-C-6').
Compound 7 was characterized as phenethyl alcohol-O-β-
D-glucopyranosyl-(2→1)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside [9].
Compound 8 Colorless needles, molish reaction
was positive. Glu, gal and rham were checked out by acid
hydrolysis TLC. ESI-MS m/z 755 [M - H]-. 1H NMR (400
MHz, CD3OD) δ: 6.43 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz, H-6), 6.83 (1H, d,
J = 2.0 Hz, H-8), 8.12 (2H, d, J = 9.2 Hz, H-2', H-6'), 6.88
(2H, d, J = 8.8 Hz, H-3', H-5'), 5.69 (1H, d, J = 7.6 Hz,
gal-H-1), 4.57 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, glc-H-1), 5.30 (1H, d, J =
4.0 Hz, rham-H-1). 13C NMR (100 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 156.3
(C-2), 133.4 (C-3), 177.9 (C-4), 161.1 (C-5), 99.6 (C-6),
161.8 (C-7), 94.6 (C-8), 156.1 (C-9), 105.7 (C-10), 120.9
(C-1'), 131.4 (C-2', C-6'), 115.5 (C-3', C-5'), 160.5 (C-4'),
98.5 (gal-C-1), 80.7 (gal-C-2), 74.6 (gal-C-3), 67.8 (gal-C-
4), 76.1 (gal-C-5), 60.1 (gal-C-6), 104.4 (glc-C-1), 74.6
(glc-C-2), 76.8 (glc-C-3), 70.4 (glc-C-4), 76.1 (glc-C-5),
67.8 (glc-C-6), 98.6 (rham-C-1), 70.4 (rham-C-2), 70.3
(rham-C-3), 71.3 (rham-C-4), 69.8 (rham-C-5), 18.1 (rham-
C-6). Compound 8 was characterized as kaempferol-3-O-
β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactopyranosyl-7-O-α-L-
2010 年 11 月 第8卷 第6期
rhamnopyranoside by comparison of 1H and 13C NMR data
with the literature [10].
Compound 9 Colorless needles, molish reaction
was positive. Glu and gal were checked out by acid hy-
drolysis TLC. ESI-MS m/z 771 [M - H]-. 1H NMR (400
MHz, CD3OD) δ: 6.42 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz, H-6), 6.79 (1H, d,
J = 2.0 Hz, H-8), 8.01 (2H, d, J = 8.8 Hz, H-2', H-6'), 6.42
(2H, d, J = 8.4 Hz, H-3', H-5'), 5.69 (1H, d, J = 7.6 Hz,
gal-H-1), 4.57(1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, glc-H-1), 5.07 (1H, d, J =
7.2 Hz, glc-H-1); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 156.1
(C-2), 133.2 (C-3), 177.7 (C-4), 161.1 (C-5), 99.4 (C-6),
162.9 (C-7), 94.6 (C-8), 156.1 (C-9), 105.7 (C-10),
120.6(C-1'), 131.4 (C-2', C-6'), 115.7 (C-3', C-5'), 156.4
(C-4'), 98.4 (gal-C-1), 80.8 (gal-C-2), 74.6 (gal-C-3), 67.8
(gal-C-4), 76.1 (gal-C-5), 60.1(gal-C-6), 104.6 (glc-C-1),
73.6 (glc-C- 2), 76.8 (glc-C-3), 69.8 (glc-C-4), 76.6
(glc-C-5), 67.8 (glc- C-6), 99.9 (glc-C-1), 74.6 (glc-C-2),
77.2 (glc-C-3), 69.8 (glc-C-4), 76.1 (glc-C-5), 60.9
(glc-C-6). Compound 9 was characterized as kaempferol3-
O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactopyranosyl-7-O-
β-D-glucopyranoside by com- parison of 1H and 13C NMR
data with the literature [11].
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洋金花的化学成分
杨炳友, 夏永刚, 陈 东, 匡海学*
黑龙江中医药大学省部共建重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150040

【摘 要】 目的：研究洋金花(Datura metel L.)的化学成分。方法：采用 50%乙醇提取, 利用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、

ODS 柱层析和 HPLC 等方法进行分离和纯化, 依据核磁数据分析进行结构鉴定。结果：分离得到 9 个化合物, 分别鉴定为
(+)松脂酚-O-β-D-双葡萄吡喃糖苷(1), (+)松脂酚-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷(2), 对羟基苯乙醇(3), N-p-香豆酰酪胺(4), 顺式-N-p-
香豆酰酪胺(5), N-对羟基苯乙基-对羟基苯甲酰胺(6), 苯乙醇-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖基(2→1)-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷(7),
3-O-[β-D-葡萄吡喃糖基(1→2)]-β-D-半乳糖基-7-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基-山柰酚(8), 3-O-[β-D-葡萄吡喃糖基(1→2)]-β-D-葡萄
吡喃糖基-7-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖基-山柰酚(9)。结论：化合物 1~9 均为首次从该植物中分离得到。
【关键词】 洋金花; 化学成分; 结构鉴定

·信 息·
《中国天然药物》与汤森路透科技集团合作
—— 采用国际一流的在线投审稿系统 ScholarOne Manuscripts

Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines announces cooperation with Thomson Reuters

——Adopts world leading online peer review system ScholarOne Manuscripts
Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines, recently adopted ScholarOne Manuscripts to manage its submissions and peer re-
view process. The comprehensive online platform will help further promote academic exchange by streamlining the editorial
and publication process: authors enjoy ease of submission and ability to track manuscript review status while editors can
manage review tasks in a dynamic, fully-integrated interface that enables the most informed decision-making.
Thomson Reuters is the world’s leading source of intelligent information for businesses and professionals, with a range
of scientific services that includes the Web of Science (SCI). The company offers powerful solutions throughout the entire
research lifecycle, from search and discovery to publication and analysis.
Offering the most innovative work flow solutions, from submission and peer review to editorial evaluation, ScholarOne
Manuscripts (formerly known as Manuscript Central) remains the industry’s leading solution for scholarly publication. Pub-
lishers around the world are fully leveraging international research networks by engaging ScholarOne Manuscripts’ robust
features and global scope:
• An end-to-end solution used by over 365 societies and publishers, more than 3 400 books and journals, and 13 mil-
lion users
• A fully customizable solution, including features like plagiarism detection and Cognos Reporting
• Simplified Chinese Interface with the ability to capture data and files in multiple languages
• Ability to check manuscript status any time, from any location with internet access
• A qualified team of implementation, training and support experts

ScholarOne Manuscripts for Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines has been launched.
To submit your outstanding research results more quickly, please visit:
http://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/cjnm
Website: http://cjnm.alljournal.net.cn/zgtryw/ch/index.aspx

432 Chin J Nat Med Nov. 2010 Vol. 8 No. 6 2010 年 11 月 第8卷 第6期

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