ME0005

THERMODYNAMICS 2
• Evaluate and solve problem that is
operating on an actual Rankine cycle.
Consider a steam power plant operating on the simple
Rankine cycle. Steam enters the turbine at 3 MPa and
350C and is condensed in the condenser at a pressure
of 75 kPa. The pump and the turbine have isentropic
efficiency of 85% and 86% respectively. Determine the
actual thermal efficiency of this cycle.
 3 350°C T
3 MPA

3 MPA 3
TURBINE 2a
2

BOILER 4
75 kPA
75 kPA
1 4 4a

CONDENSER
2
1 75 kPA
S
3 MPA PUMP
❖ Determine the
following enthalpy
values:
𝑄𝑖𝑛
𝒉𝟏
𝒉𝟐
𝒉𝟑
𝒉𝟒 𝑄𝑜𝑢𝑡
❖ Solving for 𝒉𝟏

𝒌𝑱
𝒉𝟏 = 𝟑𝟖𝟒. 𝟒𝟒
𝒌𝒈

𝑄𝑖𝑛

Source: Thermodynamics: An Engineering

𝑄𝑜𝑢𝑡
Approach 8th Ed. by Cengel & Boles
❖ Solving for 𝒉𝟐
❖ Work pump (Pump)
𝑤𝑃 = ℎ2 − ℎ1 = 𝜐1 (𝑃2 − 𝑃1 )

𝒌𝑱
𝒉𝟐 = 𝟑𝟖𝟕. 𝟒𝟕
𝒌𝒈 𝑄𝑖𝑛

Source: Thermodynamics: An Engineering

𝑄𝑜𝑢𝑡
Approach 8th Ed. by Cengel & Boles
❖ Solving for 𝒉𝟑

𝒌𝑱
𝒉𝟑 = 𝟑𝟏𝟏𝟔. 𝟏
𝒌𝒈

𝑄𝑖𝑛

Source: Thermodynamics: An Engineering

𝑄𝑜𝑢𝑡
Approach 8th Ed. by Cengel & Boles
❖ Solving for 𝒉𝟒

𝒌𝑱
𝒉𝟒 = 𝟐𝟒𝟎𝟑. 𝟎
𝒌𝒈 𝑄𝑖𝑛

Source: Thermodynamics: An Engineering

𝑄𝑜𝑢𝑡
Approach 8th Ed. by Cengel & Boles
 𝒌𝑱
ℎ2 − ℎ1 ℎ3 − ℎ4𝑎 𝒉𝟏 = 𝟑𝟖𝟒. 𝟒𝟒
𝜂𝑃 = 𝜂𝑇 = 𝒌𝒈
ℎ2𝑎 − ℎ1 ℎ3 − ℎ4
𝒌𝑱
𝒉𝟐 = 𝟑𝟖𝟕. 𝟒𝟕
387.47 − 384.44 3116.1 − ℎ4𝑎 𝒌𝒈
0.85 = 0.86 =
ℎ2𝑎 − 384.44 3116.1 − 2403.0 𝒌𝑱
𝒉𝟑 = 𝟑𝟏𝟏𝟔. 𝟏
𝒌𝒈
𝒌𝑱 𝒌𝑱
𝒉𝟐𝒂 = 𝟑𝟖𝟖. 𝟎 𝒉𝟒𝒂 = 𝟐𝟓𝟎𝟐. 𝟖𝟑 𝒌𝑱
𝒌𝒈 𝒌𝒈 𝒉𝟒 = 𝟐𝟒𝟎𝟑. 𝟎
𝒌𝒈
 𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) 𝒌𝑱
𝑞𝑖𝑛 (𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = ℎ3 − ℎ2𝑎 𝑛 𝑇𝐻(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = 𝒉𝟏 = 𝟑𝟖𝟒. 𝟒𝟒
𝒌𝒈
𝑞𝑖𝑛(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = 3116.1 − 388.0 𝑄𝑖𝑛(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙)
𝒌𝑱 𝒌𝑱
𝒒𝒊𝒏(𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍) = 𝟐𝟕𝟐𝟖. 𝟏 𝒉𝟐 = 𝟑𝟖𝟕. 𝟒𝟕
𝒌𝒈 609.71 𝒌𝒈
𝑛 𝑇𝐻(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = 𝑥100%
2728.1 𝒌𝑱
𝒉𝟑 = 𝟑𝟏𝟏𝟔. 𝟏
𝑞𝑜𝑢𝑡(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = ℎ4𝑎 − ℎ1 𝒌𝒈
𝒏𝑻𝑯(𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍) = 𝟐𝟐. 𝟑𝟓%
𝑞𝑜𝑢𝑡(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = 2502.83 − 384.44 𝒌𝑱
𝒌𝑱 𝒉𝟒 = 𝟐𝟒𝟎𝟑. 𝟎
𝒒𝒐𝒖𝒕(𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍) = 𝟐𝟏𝟏𝟖. 𝟑𝟗 𝒌𝒈
𝒌𝒈

𝒌𝑱
𝒉𝟐𝒂 = 𝟑𝟖𝟖. 𝟎
𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = 2728.1 − 2118.39 𝒌𝒈

𝒌𝑱 𝒌𝑱
𝑾𝒏𝒆𝒕(𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍) = 𝟔𝟎𝟗. 𝟕𝟏 𝒉𝟒𝒂 = 𝟐𝟓𝟎𝟐. 𝟖𝟑
𝒌𝒈
𝒌𝒈
❖ Actual Work Net

𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = 𝑊𝑇(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) − 𝑊𝑃(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) T

3 MPA 3
❖ Actual Work pump (Pump) 2a
2
𝑤𝑃(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = ℎ2𝑎 − ℎ1

❖ Actual Work turbine (Turbine) 75 kPA

1 4 4a
𝑤𝑇(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = ℎ3 − ℎ4𝑎

S
 𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) 𝒌𝑱
𝑛 𝑇𝐻(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = 𝒉𝟏 = 𝟑𝟖𝟒. 𝟒𝟒
𝑤𝑃(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = ℎ2𝑎 − ℎ1 𝒌𝒈
𝑄𝑖𝑛(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙)
𝑤𝑃(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = 388.0 − 384.44 𝒌𝑱
𝒌𝑱 𝒉𝟐 = 𝟑𝟖𝟕. 𝟒𝟕
609.71 𝒌𝒈
𝑤𝑃(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = 𝟑. 𝟓𝟔 𝑛 𝑇𝐻(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = 𝑥100%
𝒌𝒈 2728.1 𝒌𝑱
𝒉𝟑 = 𝟑𝟏𝟏𝟔. 𝟏
𝒌𝒈
𝑤𝑇(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = ℎ3 − ℎ4𝑎 𝒏𝑻𝑯(𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍) = 𝟐𝟐. 𝟑𝟓%
𝑤𝑇(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = 3116.1 − 2502.83 𝒌𝑱
𝒉𝟒 = 𝟐𝟒𝟎𝟑. 𝟎
𝒌𝑱 𝒌𝒈
𝑤𝑇(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = 𝟔𝟏𝟑. 𝟐𝟕
𝒌𝒈
𝒌𝑱
𝒉𝟐𝒂 = 𝟑𝟖𝟖. 𝟎
𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = 613.27 − 3.56 𝒌𝒈

𝒌𝑱 𝒌𝑱
𝑾𝒏𝒆𝒕(𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍) = 𝟔𝟎𝟗. 𝟕𝟏 𝒉𝟒𝒂 = 𝟐𝟓𝟎𝟐. 𝟖𝟑
𝒌𝒈
𝒌𝒈
❖ Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach 8th Ed.
by Cengel & Boles