.

, AGMA 918-A93

a/ &a
B
c=

z
Reproduced By GLOBAL
ENGINEERINGDOCUMENTS
With The Permission Of AGMA
-7 Under Royalty Agreement

AMERICAN GEAR MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATIOiV

A Summary of Numerical Examples

Demonstrating the Proceduresfor
Calculating Geometry Factors for
Spur and Helical Gears

AGMA (ThisINFORMATION SHEET

Information Sheetis NOT an AGMA Standard)
918-A93, A Summary of Numerical Examples Demonstrating the Procedures for
Calculating Geometry Factors for Spur and Helical Gears

CAUTION NOTICE: AGMA standards are subject to constant improvement, revision, or withdrawal as
dictated by experience. Any person who refers to any AGMA Technical Publication should be sure that the
publication is the latest available from the Association on the subject matter.
[Tables or other self-supporting sections may be quoted or extracted in their entirety. Credit line should read:
Extracted from AGMA 918-A93, A Summary of Numerical Examples Demonstrating the Procedures for
Calculathg Geometry Factors for Spur and Helical Gears, with the permission of the publisher, the American
Gear Manufacturers Association, 1500 King Street, Suite 201, Alexandria, Virginia 22314.1

ABSTRACT

This information sheet provides numerical examples for calculating the pitting resistance geometry factor, I,
and bending strength geometry factor,J, for typical gearsetsthat are generated by rack-type tools (hobs, rack
cutters or generating grinding wheels) or piniowtype tools (disk-type shaper cutters). The numerical
examples are shown in tabular form and provide thevaluesforall variables as calculated using the procedures
and equations in AGMA 908-B89. A flow chart, intended to assist in the development of a computer program
for these variables, is also included.

Copyright 0,1993 by American Gear Manufacturers Association

Published by

American Gear Manufacturers Association

1500 King Street, Suite 201, Alexandria, Virginia 22314

January, 1993

ISBN: 1-5558~17-0

ii
Table of Contents
Page
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V
1 Scope ......................................................................... 1
1.1 Numericalexamples ............................................................. 1
1.2 Flow chart ...................................................................... 1
1.3 Exceptions ..................................................................... 1
2 Definitions and symbols .......................................................... 1
2.1 Definitions ...................................................................... 1
2.2 Symbols ....................................................................... 1
3 Numericalexamples ............................................................. 4
3.1 Examples ...................................................................... 4
3.2 Tabulation of examples .......................................................... 5
4 Flow chart ................................................................... 28
5 Cutting tool geometry ........................................................... 37
5.1 Rack type cutting tools .......................................................... 37
5.2 Pinion type cutting tools ......................................................... 37
5.3 Cutting tool drawings ........................................................... 37
Tables
I Symbols used in equations ....................................................... 2
2A Accurate spur gears, example 3.1 .l ............................................... 6
2B Accurate spur gears, example 3.1 .l ............................................... 7
3A Inaccurate spur gears, example 3.1.2 .............................................. 8
3B Inaccurate spur gears, example 3.1.2 .............................................. 9
4A Conventional helical gears, example 3.1.3 .............. : .......................... 10
4B Conventional helical gears, example 3.1.3 ......................................... 11
5A Low axial contact ratio (LACR) helical gears, example 3.1.4 ......................... 12
5B Low axial contact ratio (LACR) helical gears, example 3.1.4 ......................... 13
6A Conventional helical gears, different tools, example 3.15 ............................ 14
6B Conventional helical gears, different tools, example 3.1.5 ............................ 15
7A Spur sun and planet gear, example 3.1.6 .......................................... 16
7B Spur sun and planet gear, example 3.1.6 .......................................... 17
8A Spur planet and ring gear, example 3.1.7 .......................................... 18
8B Spur planet and ring gear, example 3.1.7 .......................................... 19
9A Helical sun and planet gear, example 3.1.8 ........................................ 20
9B Helical sun and planet gear, example 3.1.8 ........................................ 21
10A Helical planet and ring gear, example 3.1.9 ........................................ 22
1OB Helical planet and ring gear, example 3.1.9 ........................................ 23
11A Conventional double helical gears, example 3.1 .I 0 ................................. 24
11 B Conventional double helical gears, example 3.1 .l 0 ................................. 25
12.r Herringbone gears, example 3.1.11 ............................................... 26
12B Herringbone gears, example 3.1 .ll ............................................... 27
Figures
1 Flow chart for Z and .Zsubroutines for AGlvlA 908-B89 ... ........................... 28
2 Hobfor examples3.1.1 and3.1.2 ................................................ 37
3 Hobforexamples3.1.3and3.1.4 ................................................ 38

.. .
III
Table of Contents (cant)
Page
4 Hobfor example3.1.5 .......................................................... 38
5 Helical pinion type shaper cutter for example 3.1.5 ................................. 39
6 Hobforexamples3.1.6and3.1.7 ................................................ 39
7 Spur pinion type shaper cutter for example 3.1.7 ................................... 40
8 Hob for example 3.1.8 .......................................................... 40
9 Helical pinion type shaper cutter for examples 3.1.8 and 3.1.9 ....................... 41
10 Helical pinion type shaper cutter for example 3.1.9 ................................. 41
11 Hobforexample3.1.10 ......................................................... 42
12 Helical pinion type shaper cutter for example 3.1 .ll ................................ 42
[The foreword, footnotes, and annexes, if any, in this document are provided for informational purposes only
and are not to be construed to be part of AGMA 918A93, A Summary of Numerical Examples Demonstrating
the Procedures for Calculating Geometry Factors for Spur and Helical Gears.]
This AGMA information sheet and related publications are based on typical or average data, conditions, or
application.
This information sheet, AGMA 918-A93, was prepared to assist designers in the proper use and interpretation
of AGMA 908B89 and to assist in the development of computer programs when calculating geometry factors
for pitting resistance, I, and bending strength, J. A flow chart provides a step by step procedure for the
calculation of these factors, either manually or by computer program. Several examples are provided to
demonstrate the calculation procedure for the various characteristics of geometry as described in AGMA
908-B89.
These include accurateand inaccurate spur gears, conventional and LACR helical gears, internal and external
gears, double helical and herringbone (Sykes) gears, and addendum modifications. The calculation of J-fac-
tor for internal gears is not defined in AGMA 908B89 and, therefore, is not covered in this information sheet. A
tabulation of all calculated variables is provided for each example based on its design criieria. This provides
the designer with known results to check against when calculating or programming these factors.

Suggestions for the improvement of this information sheet will be welcome. They should be sent to the
American Gear Manufacturers Association, 1500 King Street, Suite 201, Alexandria, Virginia, 22314.

V
PERSONNEL of the AGMA Committee for Helical Gear Rating
Chairman: D. McCarthy (Dorris Company)
Vice Chairman: N. Hulse (General Electric)
ACTIVE MEMBERS
K. E. Acheson ....... The Gear Works-Seattle G. Lian .............. Amarillo Gear Co.
M. Antosiewicz ...... Falk L. Lloyd ............. Lufkin Industries
J. Bentley ........... Peerless-Winsmith D. R. McViiie ........ Gear Engineers, Inc.
E. S. Bemdt ......... C&M of Indiana A. Milbum ........... Milbum Engineering
J. D. Black .......... GM/Allison Div. C. Moyer ............ The Timken Co.
E. J. Bodensieck ..... Bodensieck Engineering R. Nay .............. Pratt & Whitney
N. K. Burrell ......... Metal Improvement Co. M. W. Neesley ....... WesTech Gear
M. F. Dalton ......... General Electric W. P. Pizzichil ........ Philadelphia Gear
G. DeLange ......... Emerson Power Trans. J. W. Polder ......... Academic Member
J. Ft. DeMarais ....... Bison Gear E. R. Sewall ......... Sewall Gear
R. J. Drago .......... Boeing J. Tellman ........... Reliance Electric/Reeves
R. L. Errichello ....... Academic Member T. Tumbull ........... Mobile Pulley & Machine
H. Hagan ............ Cincinnati Gear W. Wagner .......... Sewall Gear
H. Ft. Johnson ....... Lufkin Industries C. C. Wang .......... 3E Software & Engrg.
0. LaBath ........... Cincinnati Gear R. Wasilewski ........ Arrow Gear
ASSOCIATE MEMBERS
J. Adamson ......... TIW Systems T. J. Maiuri .......... Gleason Works
R. G. Allenby ........ Hamilton Gear P. C. McAvoy ........ Cummins Engine
J. Amendola ......... MAAGlArtec B. W. McCoy ........ Marathon Letourneau
K. Beckman ......... Lufkin Industries F. Myers ............ Horsburgh & Scott
D. L. Borden ......... Gear Research Institute D. Moser ............ Nuttall Gear
E. R. Braun .......... Eaton B. L. Mumford ....... Alten-Foundry
G. Buziuk ........... Brad-Foote W. Nageli ........... MAAG
A. Cardou ........... Universite Lava1 B. C. Newcomb ...... Chicago Gear-D-O-James
M. R. Chaplin ........ Contour Hardening Inc. H. C. A. Nielsen ...... F. L. Smith
J. Cianci ............ General Electric J. Nyerup ........... F. L. Smith
A. S. Cohen ......... Engranes y Maquinaria . Okamoto .......... Nippon Gear
J. T. Cook ........... Power-Tech G. E. Olson .......... Cleveland Gear
R. DiRusso .......... Kaman J. A. Pennell ......... Academic Member
D. W. Dudiey ........ Honorary Member A. E. Phillips ......... Reliance Electric
K. A. Evans .......... GM-Saginaw Div.
B. D. Pyeatt ......... Amarillo Gear
R. Geary ............ Terre11Gear Drives
V. Z. Rychlinski ...... Brad Foote
R. Giuffra ........... ABS
E. Sandberg ......... Det Norske Veritas
L. L. Haas ........... SPECO Corporation
F. M. Hager .......... Cummins Engine W. F. Schierrenbeck . . Xtek Incorporated
A. C. Hayes ......... DACA A. Seireg ............ Academic Member
W. H. Heller ......... Peerless-Winsmith E. E. Shipley ......... Mechanical Technology
G. Henriot ........... Engrenages et Reducteurs D. A. Sylvester ....... Flender Corporation
M. Hirt .............. Renk Tacke GmbH D. Set&for. .......... Precision Gear
D. R. Houser ........ Academic Member L. J. Smith ........... Invincible Gear
. lrey ............... New Angle Gear . A. Thoma ......... Honorary Member
T. W. Jessup ......... Lucas Western Inc./ATD W. J. Toner .......... IMO Delaval, Inc.
T. Kameyama ........ SeikiiKogyosho H. J. Trapp .......... Klingelnberg
M. Lawrenz .......... Metal Improvement F. C. Uherek ......... Flender Corporation
J. Liesicki ........... Falk Corporation T. Urabe ............ Tsubakimoto Chain
J. Maddock .......... Consultant D. A. Wagner ........ General Motors/AGT
D. Mairet ........... Falk Corporation H. Winter ............ Academic Member

vi

A Summary of Numerical
Examples Demonstrating
the Procedures for Calculat-
ing Geometry Factors for
Spur and Helical Gears
1 Scope
This information sheet provides a set of numerical
examples which calculate the geometry factor for
pitting resistance, I, and bending strength, J, for a
variety of gearsets selected to demonstrate thevari-
ous gear geometries analyzed in AGMA 908-l389,
Geometry Factors for Determining the Pitting Resis-
tance and Bending Strength of Spur, Helical and
Herringbone Gear Teeth. A flow chart is also in-
cluded to formalize the calculation procedures for
the numerical examples and to assist in the practical
application of AGMA 908-889.
1 .l Numerical examples
Numerical examples were selected to demonstrate
the following conditions: accurate and inaccurate
spur gears, conventional and LACR (low axial con-
tact ratio) helical gears, internal and external gears,
double helical and herringbone (Sykes) gears and
addendum modification. For simplification pur-
poses and for demonstrating the effect on resulting
geometry factors, similar examples were selected
with different load locations (example 3.1 .lvs3.12)
and face widths (example 3.1.3 vs 3.1.4)
The results are presented in tabular form by provid-
ing the numerical results for each equation as pre-
sented in AGMA 908-689 and appropriate to that
gear geometry. Gear cutter data is presented for
each component in each numerical example. All
gearsets are functional and do not violate any of the
exceptions stated in the scope of AGMA 908-B89.
The examples used are for demonstration purposes
AGMA919-493
only and are not intended to be recommendations
for gearset design.
12 Flow chart
The flow chart provides a step by step procedure for
calculating geometry factors, I and J, using the
equations and instructions from AGMA 908-B89.
The numerical value tables are formatted to coin-
cide with the flow chart procedures.
1.3 Exceptions
A procedure for the calculation of bending strength
geometry factor, J, for internal gears has not been
established by AGMA. For this reason, numerical
examples and flow chart procedures for such a cal-
culation are not included.
2 Definitions and symbols
2.1 Definitions
The terms used, wherever applicable, conform to
the following standards:
ANSI Y10.3-1968, Letter Symbols for Quantities
Used in Mechanics of Solids,
AGMA 904-B89, Metric Usage;
AGMA 1012-F90, Gear Nomenclature, Definitions
of Terms with, Symbols.
2.2 Symbols
The symbols used in the geometry factor formulas
are shown in table 1.
NOTE - The symbols, definitions and terminology
used in this informationsheet may differ from other
AGMA documents. The user should not assume that
familiar symbols can be used without a careful study of
these definitions.
Units of measure are not shown in table 1 because
the equations are in terms of unity normal module or
unity normal diimetral pitch.
AGMA 919-A93

Table 1 - Symbols used in equations

Symbols Terms
C&,...C(j distances along line of action (See figure 3-I of AGMA 9084389)
Gzl, cm+ cnt distances along line of action of virtual spur gear
ch helical factor
cr operating center distance
cv helical overlap factor
Di inside diameter of internal gear
d pinion operating pitch diameter
F effective face width
fi gear type code
F2 spur gear load sharing code
H parameter for stress correction factor
&lo nominal tool addendum
hF height of Lewis parabola
Z pitting resistance geometry factor
J bending strength geometry factor
stress correction factor
Kf helix angle factor
Kv
L parameter for stress correction factor
L min minimum length of contact lines
M parameter for stress correction factor
mF
axial contact ratio
mG gear ratio
“N
load sharing ratio
mn normal module
mP transverse contact ratio
II virtual tooth number
n0 virtual tooth number of tool
5 n2
tooth number, pinion and gear
*a fractional part of mF
%
tool tooth number
%
fractional part of mp
Plld normal diametral pitch
pb
transverse base pitch
PN
normal base pitch
PX axial pitch
R19R2
standard pitch radii, pinion and gear
Rbl’ Rb2 base radii, pinion and gear
Rbc base radius of tool

continued

2
 AGMA 919-A93

Table 1 (continued)

Symbols Terms

Rc standard pitch radius of tool

Rrnl mean radius of pinion
ROL Ro2 addendum radii, pinion and gear, internal and external
Roc outside radius of tool
‘m rn2 reference pitch radii of virtual spur gear
I, generating pitch radius of virtual spur gear
‘n
rm reference pitch radius of virtual tool
II generating pitch radius of virtual tool
5lo
rsno radius to center “9” of tool tip radius
‘ha 9 ?&a2 virtual outside radii
rid, hb2 virtual base radii
‘?lbO virtual base radii of tool
rnL virtual load radius
SF tooth thickness at criiical section
S, reference normal circular tooth thickness
Snl, Sn2 reference normal circular tooth thickness, pinion and gear
%l tooth thickness at outside diameter
STlO reference normal circular tooth thickness of tool
sns standard tooth thickness, thinned for backlash
Tl temporary variable
To1 temporary variable
us stock allowance per side of tooth, for finishing
x addendum modification coefficient at zero backlash
X17X2 addendum modification coefficient, pinion and gear
xtz generating rack shift coefficient
X0 addendum modification coefficient of tool
XgbXg2 generating rack shii coefficient, pinion and gear
Y tooth form factor
Y iteration function
Y' derivative of iteration function
z active length of line of action
O1n angle of surface, normal
ani iteration angle
Pn angle between tangent to fillet and tooth center line
4 amount gear tooth is thinned for backlash
60 amount of protuberance, tool
6 a0 amount of effective protuberance, tool
qnF ordinate of criiical point “F

continued

3
AGMA 91 &A93

Table 1 (concluded)

Symbols Terms

en angular displacement of gear

em angular displacement of tool
KFKS distance from pitch point to points “F’ and “S’
hns angle to center “S” of tool tip radius
auxiliary angle locating point “s”
z abscissa of criiical point “F
Pla P2 radii of curvature of profiles at point of contact stress calculation
bzl~ brl2 radii of curvature of profile at mean radius
Pa0 tool tip radius
PF minimum radius of curvature of fillet curve
cp standard transverse pressure angle
bt standard normal pressure angle
4:: generating pressure angle
4); iteration value for generating pressure angle
%L load angle
- blpo pressure angle at radius where tool tooth is pointed
%r operating normal pressure angle
4hs pressure angle at point “s” on tool
hlW pressure angle at load application point
+r operating transverse pressure angle
w standard helix angle
vb base helix angle
yr operating helix angle
co angle of inclination of helical contact line
Subscripts
0 tool n normal or virtual spur gear
1 pinion r 0 erating or running
2 gear El sence of a subscript indicates transverse

3 Numerical examples 3.1 .l Accurate spur gears

Eleven numerical examples, based on actual gear- This example demonstrates a spur gearset which
sets, are presented to demonstrate the calculation meets the criteria of table 5-l in AGMA 908-B89 for
of both geometry factors, I and J, using the proce- load sharing and is therefore considered loaded at
dures outlined in AGMA 908-B89. the highest point of single tooth contact.

3.12 Inaccurate spur gears

3.1 Examples
The following examples were selected to illustrate
the various types of gearing and geometry features
found in most of today’s gearing.
This example, which uses the same geometry as
3.1 .l, does not meet the criteria in table 5-l of
AGMA go&B89 for load sharing and is therefore
considered to be loaded at the tip of the teeth.

4

3.1.3 Conventional helical gears
This example demonstrates a conventional helical
gearset where the mesh face width is greater than
the axial pitch. It also includes an addendum
modification coefficient in the pinion and protuber-
ance in the rack cutter used to generate both
components.
3.1.4 Low axial contact ratio (LAM) helical
gears
This example, which uses the same basic geometry
as 3.1.3, demonstrates an LACR helical gearset
where the face width has been reduced to less than
the axial pitch. The effect on both geometry factors
under these conditions can readily be seen.
3.1.5 Conventional helical gears, different tools
This example demonstrates a conventional helical
gearset with addendum modification. The pinion is
generated by a hob and the gear by a pinion type
shaper cutter. Both cutters have protuberance.
3.1.6 Spur sun and planet gear
This example combines with 3.1.7 to demonstrate
the geometry factor calculation for a spur sun/planet
gear combination. Here, the I factor for the
sun/planet mesh and the J factor for each compo-
nent are calculated.
3.1.7 Spur planet and ring gear
This example combines with 3.1.6 and demon-
strates the effect on the I factor when the same
planet meshes with the internal ring gear of the
same set. The calculated J factor for the planet in
the planet/ring mesh is diierent from that in the
sun/planet mesh (3.1.6). TheJfactorcalculationfor
the ring gear is beyond the scope of this information
sheet (see 1.3).
3.1.8 Helical sun and planet gear
This example combines with 3.1.9 to demonstrate
the geometry factor calculation for a helical sun/
AGMA 91 &A93
planet gear combination. The Z factor for the
sun/planet mesh along with the J factor for each
component is calculated.
3.1.9 Helical planet and ring gear
This example combines with 3.1.8 and demon-
strates the effect on the Z factor when the same
planet meshes with the internal ring gear of the
same set. The calculated J factor for the planet in
the planet/ring mesh is different from that in the
sun/planet mesh (3.1.8). TheJfactorcalculation for
the ring gear is beyond the scope of this information
sheet (see 1.3).
3.1 .I0 Conventional double helical gears
This example demonstrates the method for consid-
ering the double face width encountered in this type
of gearing.
3.1 .I1 Herringbone gears
This example demonstrateshow transverse diametral
pitch, usually associated with this type of gearing, is
accommodated.
3.2 Tabulation of examples
Tables 2B through 12B tabulate all the information
relating to each example as described in 3.1. The
format is based on the flow chart as presented in
clause 4 and includes all basic geometry (input
data) and results of the calculations for every
variable applicable to that gearset. These example
were calculated to 14 significant digits and the
results rounded as shown. For those variables
found by iteration, the final iterative value is listed.
See tables 2A through WA for the specific value of
each variable at each iteration loop. Figures 2
through 12 illustrate the various cutting tool profiles.
Specificdata relatingto each gearset or component
is listed in the individual example tables.
5
AGMA 91 &A93
Table 2A - Accurate spur gears , example 3.1.1

Pinion: iteration for generating pressure angle

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
inv $; 0.014910 0.014910 0.014910 -
cp"- 0.358675 0.349386 0.349112 -
nz
fb" 0.349386 0.349112 0.349111 -
n(i +l)
Pinion: iteration for critical point
Variable 1 2 3 4 6
a 0.785398 0.630626 0.605889 0.605442
Pn 0.000187 0.000257 0.000270 0.000271
no
K -1.325365 -1.589244 -1.645464 -1.646525
S
-1.761865 -2.025744 -2.081964 -2.083025
P 0.099917 0.113499 0.116204 0.116255
If 0.685481 0.517127 0.489685 0.489187
1.179814 1.127191 1.119292 1.119150
c.F
24.257896 24.334854 24.349198 24.349464
P 1.142721 1.065763 1.051418 1.051153
UT 4.452621 3.441053 3.322607 3.320554
Y 0.689143 0.085121 0.001485 0.000000
IYl 0.689143 0.085121 0.001485 0.000000
ant 0.630626 0.605889 0.605442 0.605442

Gear: iteration for generating pressure angle

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
inv $; 0.014894 0.014894 0.014894
v- 0.358546 0.349263 0.348989
nl
v 0.349263 0.348989 0.348988 -
n(i +l)
Gear: iteration for critical point
Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6

an 0.785398 0.586171 0.541381 0.539939 0.539938

ho 0.000232 0.000349 0.000386 0.000387 0.000387
‘CS
-1.641409 -2.097854 -2.251830 -2.257242 -2.257248
9 -2.077909 -2.534354 -2.688330 -2.693742 -2.693748
(32 0.053295 0.064581 0.068083 0.068205 0.068205
Bn 0.732103 0.521590 0.473298 0.471734 0.471733
GlF 1.224450 1.158420 1.144696 1.144259 1.144259
%F 50.535758 50.627373 50.652661 50.653515 50.653516
k 1.239255 1.147640 1.122352 1.121498 1.121497
Y’ 5.034538 3.586125 3.374076 3.367760 3.367754
Y 1.003017 0.160620 0.004867 0.000005 0.000000
IYl 1.003017 0.160620 0.004667 0.000005 0.000000
%i 0.586171 0.541381 0.539939 0.539938 0.539938
 AGMA 916-A93
Table 2B - Accurate spur gears , example 3.1.1

Input data
Gearset Pinion g&g
mn = 0.2WOW q = 51 1.4565
kzol = n2 = 104
on = 20.0000 n,1 = lWO0 0.4365 = low0
Pa01 = nc2 ha02 = 1.4565

w
c, == o.owo
15.5000 Rol =
= 5.3225 %zol = 0.0099
Ro2 = 10.5774 Pa02 = 0.4365

F = 2.5000 Xl 0.1127 Asnl = 0.0215 x2 = -0.1127 6 a02 = 0.0099

FI = I
x01 = O.WW
x02 = o.owo As,.,2 = 0.0215
Cutter figure 2
53 = I Cutter figure 2

62 sn = 1.631335 Y = 0.904103 rnL = 51.775013

Z subroutine
% 0.349066 $d = 0.338152 J = 0.46 nO
= 1 oooo.000000
w o.owow d = 51 .WWW rnL = 25.400616 ‘no = 5000.000000
cr 77.5WOW Rml = 25.612750
nO
= 10000.000000 G6 gear ‘nbo = 4698.463104
F 12.500000 Pl = 8.625431
‘no = 5Wo.W0000 ni = 104.000000
GO
= 5001.02WW
Rol 26.612500 P2 = 17.881130 = 4698.463104 mG = 0.490385 qns = 0.349626
‘nbo
Ro2 52.887000 Pml = 9.045870
$0
= 5W1.02OWO To1 = 26.612500 invqns = 0.014979

“G 2.039216 Pm2 = 17.460691

+ns = 0.349626 R,l = 52.887000 sno = 1.570796
cy = 1 .OOOOW R,:! = 26.612500
Rl 25.5WOW inv%zs = o.ol4wg in3 npo = 0.015061

R2 52.OWOW I = 0.107 Sno = 1.570796 T1 = 25.5WWO hnsIi = -Q.OOWO8

9 0.349066 inv%zpo = 0.015061 R1 = 52.OWWO inv+

“n = 0.014894
G6 pinion
Rbl 23.962162 hnsf2 = -0.WOW8 R2 = 25.5WWO
vii = 0.348988

Rb2 48.664016 n1 = 51 .OOWW ilV@; = 0.014910 Rbl = 48.864016 5i = 51.998536

% 0.349066 Rol = 26.612500 +“ni = 0.349111

cfl = 17.881130 GO = 4999.859214
2.952131 RI = 25.5OWOO m” = 25.500422 x = -0.112700 = 0.539938
‘b an

pN 2.952131 Rbl = 23.962162 r,“0 = 5000.082737 Asn = 0.0215oo ho = 0.000387

o.owow c4 = 9.226474 = 0.605442 nC = 10000.000000 KS = -2.257248
vb an
26.506561 x = 0.112700
kzo = 0.00027 1 h a0 = 1.456500 KF = -2.693743
‘6
6.274342 Asn = O.o215W = -1.646525 = o.owwo = 0.068205
X0
Cl KS
nC = 10000.000000 = -2.083025 = 0.436500 ;: = 0.471733
% 8.721514 KF Pa0
9.226474 h, = 1 A56500 = 0.116255 6 a0 = 0.009900 LF = 1.144259
c4
x0 = o.wwoo ;: = 0.489187 = 50.653516
11.577563 qnF
% J factor aear
8.625431 Pa0 = 0.436500
h?.F 1.119150 = 1.121497
c, hF
z 5.303220 sm = O.W99W
%F 24.349464 n = 104.000000 Y’ = 3.367754

1.796404
J factor Pinion 1.051153 rn = 52.OWWO Y = 0.000000
“P hF
n = 51 .WWW Y’ 3.320554 48.864016 = 0.539938
‘nb = anl
G3.64. G5 rn = 25.5OWW
Y o.wowo cn4 = - pF = 0.462105
nr = 0.796404 ‘& = 23.962162
“nl 0.605442 ‘n2 = 0 = o.ooww
Px = cn4 = - pF 0.469891 ‘nb2 = - ch = 1.ooww
mF = rd = - co 0.000000 ‘na2 = = 2.288518
SF
na = r&2 = - ch 1 .ooowo c,6 = - H = 0.18WW
L,h = 12.5WOW ‘~2 = - SF 2.238300 Cnl = - L = 0.15ww
“zN = l.OOOOW cn6 = - H 0.18OWO ‘na = M = 0.45ww
Yr = O.OWOW Cnl = - L 0.150ooo fN)nW= 0.365937 = 1.932315
9
9 nr = 0.349066 ‘m = - M 0.45owo = 1.ooww
5 = -0.142235 KY
m@nW= 0.385043
9 1.955632 sn = 1.467257 Y = 0.879759
0.083165 1 .wowo +& = 0.336924 J = 0.46
5 = 3f

7
AGMA 919-A93
Table 3A - inaccurate spur gears , example 3.1.2

Pinion: iteration for generating pressure angle

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
inv 41; 0.014910 0.014910 0.014910
0". 0.358675 0.349386 0.349112 -
nr
v 0.349386 0.349112 0.349111 -
n(i +l)
Pinion: iteration for critical point
Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
a 0.785398 0.493311 0.415646 0.413704 0.413704 -
cl 0.000187 0.000348 0.000424 0.000427 0.000427 -
K -1.325365 -1.978607 -2.320097 -2.330343 -2.330347 -
S

3 -1.761865
0.099917 -2.415107
0.131500 -2.756597
0.146393 -2.766843
0.146832 -2.766847
0.146833 -
s" 0.685481 0.361811 0.269253 0.266872 0.266871 -
CF 1.179814 1.084906 1.062498 1.061951 1.061951

liti 24.257896
2.180642 24.425387
2.013150 24.494373
1.944165 24.496365
1.942173 24.496365
1.942172 -
Y"; 8.171188 5.651664 5.408071 5.404076 5.404074 -
Y 2.386698 0.438935 0.010502 O.OOQOQ4 0.000000 -
IYl 2.386698 0.438935 0.010502 0.000004 0.000000 -
an1 0.493311 0.415646 0.413704 0.413704 0.413704 -

Gear: iteration for generating pressure angle

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
inv @; 0.014894 0.014894 0.014894
c#Y. 0.358546 0.349263 0.348989
?u
v 0.349263 0.348989 0 348988
n(i +l)
Gear: iteration for critical point
Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
an 0.785398 0.471085 0.368409 0.364454 0.364451
bw 0.000232 0.000456 0.000601 0.000608 0.000608 -
% -1.641409 -2.556479 -3.220720 -3.254026 -3.254052 -
KF -2.077909 -2.992979 -3.657220 -3.690526 -3.690552 -
en 0.053295 0.074778 0.088748 0.089434 0.089435 -
& 0.732103 0.396307 0.279661 0.275020 0.275016 -
LF 1.224450 1.123731 1.093594 1.092425 1.092424 -
SF 50.535758 50.697888 50.784392 50.788499 50.788502 -
hF 2.188528 2.026398 1.939895 1.935788 1.935784 -
Y' 8.619650 5.572368 5.216194 5.208120 5.208114 -
Y 2.709265 0.572150 0.020632 0.000016 0.000000 -
IYl 2.709265 0.572150 0.020632 0.000016 0.000000 -
an1 0.471065 0.368409 0.364454 0.364451 0.364451 -
 AGMA 916-A93
Table 3B - Inaccurate spur gears , example 3.1.2

Input data
Gearset Pinion m
m, = 0.200000 n1 = 51 ha01 = 1.4565
n2 = 104 hLlo2 = 1.4565
0, = 20.0000 n,l = 10000 Pa01 = 0.4365 nc2 =lOooO Pa02 = 0.4365
w = 0.0000 Rol = 5.3225 6 a01 = (I.0099 RA“A = 10.5774 6 LIv.2
nn3 = 0.0099
c, = 15.5000
2.5000 Xl = 0.1127 Asnl = O.Ml5 $7 = -0.1127 AS,2 = 0.0215
F =
Fl = 1 x01 = 0.0000 x02 = 0.0000
Cutter 2
F2 = 2 figure Cutter figure 2

62 Z subroutine sn = 1.631335 Y = 0.438626

rnL = 52.724286

%l 0.349066 d = 51.oooooo qjjL = 0.436269 J = 0.30

nO
=1oooo.oooooo

w 0.000000 Rml = 25.612750 rnL = 26.438538 ‘no = 5ooo.ooamo

cr 77.5ooooo Pl = 8.625431 no = 10000.000000 G6
‘nbo
= 4698.463104
F 12.500000 P2 = 17.881130 = 5000.000000 n1 = 104.000000 rsno = 5001.020000
‘no
Rol 26.612500 Pml 9.045870 = 4698.463104 mG = 0.490385 = 0.349626
= ‘nbo + ns
%2 52.887000 P&l = 17.460691 rsno = 5001.020000 T,l = 26.612500 hv+ns = 0.014979
2.039216 cy = 1.000000 $ ns = 0.349626 Rol = 52.887000 sno = 1.570796
mG
Rl 25.500000 I = 0.107 inv4$zs = 0.014979 4,~ = 26.612500 inV$npo = 0.015061
52.OOOOOO = 255OOOOO = -0.000008
R2 sno = 1.570796 T1 hns I2
0.349066 G6 pinion ‘“vOnpo ,= o.015061 R1 = 52.OOOOOO in@‘;, = 0.014894
+
Rbl 23.962162 nl = 51.000000
hnsli = -o.oooou8 R2 = 25.500000 +Li = 0.348988

Rb2 48.864016 ROI = 26.612500 iI-@; = 0.014910 Rbl = 48.864016 ri = 51.998536

0.349066 Rl = 25.5OOOOO Vni = 0.349111 = 17.881130 Go = 4999.859214
6 c4
2952131 Rbl = 23.962162 4 = 25.500422 n = -0.112700 = 0.364451
‘6 an
2.952131 c4 = 9.226474 Go = 5000.082737 Asn = 0.0215oo f-G20 = 0.000608
pN
0.000000 x = 0.112700
an = 0.413704 nC =1oooo.oooooo KS = -3.254052
vb
26.506561 Asn = o.o215oo
ko = 0.000427 h a0 = 1.456500 KF = -3.690552
C6
6.274342 nC = 10000.000000 KS = -2.330347 X0 = 0.000000 en = 0.089435
Cl
8.721514 h, = 1.456500 KF = -2.766847 Pa0 = 0.436500 Pn = 0.275016
c3
9.226474 x0 = 0.000000 en = 0.146833 6a0 = 0.009900 LZF = 1.092424
c,
11.577563 Pm = 0.436500 pn = 0.266871
^‘ln.F = 50.788502
C5
8.625431 aa0 = 0.009900 1.061951 J factor aear = 1.935784
c2 %lF hF
2 5.303220 %.F 24.496365 n = 104.000000 Y’ = 5.208114

1.796404
J factor Pinion 1.942172 rn = 52.OOOOOO Y = o.oooooo
“P hF
n = 51.000000 Y’ 5.404074 48.864016 = 0.364451
‘nb = “nl
63.64. G5 rn = 25.5OOOOO Y 0.000000 C n4 = - = 0.462105
PF
nr = 0.796404 '& = 23.962162 0.413704 rn2 = - w = 0.000000
anl
Px = C n4 = - 0.469891 = 1.000000
pF ‘nb2 = - ch
mF = rn2 = - w 0.000000 ‘na2 = = 2.184848
SF
na = t-h2 = - ch 1.000000 c,fj = - H = 0.18OOOO
L,h = 12.5OOOOO '~2 = - SF 2.123901 C,l = - L = 0.150000
mN = l.OOOOOO cnfj = - H 0.180000 ma = 52.887000 M = 0.45oooo
Yr = 0.000000 C,l = - L 0.150000 mn4nW= 0.414051 = 1.513080
Kf
$ nr = 0.349066 rm = 26.612500 M 0.450000 = 1.oooooo
xg = y-:5; KY
@4)nW= 0.483160
Kf 1.485424 sn = . Y = 0.451108
xg = osI83165 1.000000 0.385039 J = 0.30
KY $d =

9
AGMA 919-A93
Table 4A - Conventional helical gears, example 3.1.3

Pinion: iteration for generating pressure angle

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
inv @; 0.014937 0.014937 0.014937
$"- 0.358888 0.349589 0.349314 -
Ill
$” 0.349589 0.349314 0.349313
n(i +l)
Pinion: iteration for critical point
Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
a 0.785398 0.530778 0.484332 0.483773
co 0.000102 0.000174 0.000194 0.000194
K -0.801380 -1.119323 -1.216848 -1.218144
s

P -1.210580
0.186208 -1.528523
0.220419 -1.626048
0.229993 -1.627344
0.230119 <
s" 0.599190 0.310360 0.254339 0.253654
c.F 1.157476 1.092056 1.082560 1.082451

IIs 2.256396
10.767751 10.903191
2.120957 10.935968
2.088180 10.936387
2.087760
F
Y' 7.558439 5.779360 5.652986 5.651830
Y 1.924528 0.268428 0.003165 0.000000
IYl 1.924528 0.268428 0.003165 0.000000
an1 0.530778 0.484332 0.483773 0.483773

Gear: iteration for generating pressure angle

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
inv i$; 0.014902 0.014902 0.014902 -
$2 0.358611 0.349324 0.349050 -
%(i + 1) 0.349324 0.349050 0.349050 -

Gear: iteration for critical point

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
an 0.785398 0.470846 0.370221 0.366647 0.366645 -
bl0 0.000198 0.000389 0.000510 0.000516 0.000516 -
% -1.554759 -2.422778 -3.036768 -3.064963 -3.064981 -
KF -1.963959 -2.831978 -3.445968 -3.474163 -3.474181 -
& 0.056632 0.078839 0.092918 0.093552 0.093552 -
fin 0.728766 0.392006 0.277303 0.273096 0.273093 -
&IF 1.235535 1.140587 1.112683 1.111685 1.111685 -
%lF 46.328373 46.482618 46.563564 46.567096 46.567098 -
!F 2.223231 2.068985 1.988040 1.984507 1.984505 -
Y' 8.691103 5.665191 5.332131 5.325511 5.325507 -
Y 2.733809 0.570059 0.019054 0.000012 0.000000 -
IYl 2.733809 0.570059 0.019054 0.000012 0.000000 -
ani 0.470846 0.370221 0.366647 0.366645 0.366845 -

10
 AGMA 919-A93
Table 4B - Conventional helical gears, example 3.1.3

input data
Gearset Pinion @g
ln = 0.166667 q = 21 kzol = 1.4760 n2 = 86 ha02 = 1.4760

0, = 20.0000 n,1 =lOOOO Pa01 = 0.4092 nc2 =lOOOO Pa02 = 0.4092

w = 15.0000 -2.0667
~~~
Rol = 6-U”I
,A = 0.0061 Ro2 = 7.5865 6 a02 = 0.0061
c, = 9.3175
Xl = 0.5343 - n n34n
“.“,s-T” - ---- * - _^~^
*w - x2 = o.uuuo “Sn2 = 0.024u
F = 3.7500
x01 = 0.0000
x02 = 0.0000
Fl = I
Cutter figure 3
=Notrequireci Cutler figure 3
F2

G2 I subroutine sn = 1.935735 Y = 0.580609 rnL = 48.551604

%2 0.349066 d = 21.943975 9d = 0.572388 .f = 0.58 nO = 11096.056659

Y 0.261799 Rml = 11.393077 rnL = 13.024147 'no = 5548.028330

cr 55.904888 Pl = 5.131121 no = 11096.056659 G6 ‘nbo = 5213.441281

F 22.499955 P2 = 15.821834 = 5548.028330 nl = 86.000000 GO = 5549.095130
‘no
Rol 12.400175 Pml = 5213.441281 mG = 0.244186 9 ns = 0.349594
= - ‘nbo
Ro2 45.518909 Pn.Q= - = 5549.095130 T,l = 12.400175 inv~,, = 0.014974
GO
“G
4.095238 cy = 1.000000 qns = o.swi94 R,l = 45.518909 sno = 1.570796

4 10.870400 I = 0.242 inv4ns = o.ol4974 R,2 = 12.400175 inv+npo = 0.015046

R2 44.516876 Sn0 = 1.570796 T1 = 10.870400 hns6 = -0.000006

0.360356 G6 oinion i”v%zPo = 0.015046 R1 = 44.516876 in@ > = 0.014902
4,
Rbl 10.172208 nl = 21.000000
hnsi2 = -0.000006 R2 = 10.870400 $I;zi = 0.349050
41.657612 ROI = 12.400175 illV@;l = 0.014937 Rbl = 41.657612 r; = 47.712763
Rb2
0.384177 Rl = 10.870400 Vni = 0.349313 = 16.904890 GO = 5547.995640
@r c4
3.043517 Rbl = 10.172208 mt-i = 11.651910 X = 0.000000 = 0.366645
i an
2.952131 c4 = 5.649417 GO = 5548.528439 ASn = 0.024000 kzo = 0.000516
)N
0.245674 x = 0.534300 0.483773 nc =10000.000000 = -3.064981
vb an KS
20.952955 AS,, = 0.024000 ko o.ooom ha0 = 1.476000 KF = -3.474181
c6
2.605900 nC =10000.000000 KS -1.218144 X0 = 0.000000 = 0.093552
Cl
4.112262 h, = 1.476000 KF -1.827344 Pa0 = 0.409200 ;I = 0.273093
%
5.649417 x0 = 0.000000 %z 0.230119 6ao = 0.006100 LF = 1.111685
c4
7.091582 pa0 = 0.4092W pn 0.253654
qn.F = 46.567098
C5
4.048065 6 a0 = 0.006100 1.082451 J factor aear = 1.984505
c, %F hF
Z 10.936387 n = 95.426087 Y’ = 5.325507
4.485682 9n.F
J factor Dinion 2.087760 rn = 47.713044 Y = 0.000000
1.473848 hF
“P n = 23.301719 44.835595
Y’ 5.651830 ‘nb = “nl = 0.366645
63.64.65 rn = 11.650859 Y 0.000000 cn4 = - = 0.434174
pF
nr = 0.473848 rnb = 10.948227 0.483773 rn2 = - 0 = 5.236189
anl
Px = 12.138182 C n4 = - 0.435535 = 1.286597
PF ‘nb2 = - ch
1.853651 rn2 = - w 5.236189 ‘na2 = = 2.223369
“F = sF
na = 0.853651 rnb2 = - ch 1.286597 c,(j = - H = 0.180000
L,h = 33.224468 rna2 = - SF 2.164902 C,l = - L = 0.15OoOO
mN = 0.677210 c,,fj = - H 0.180000 ‘na = 48.715077 M = 0.450000
Yj- = 0.264134 C,l = - L 0.150000 mOnW= 0.424901 = 1.524664
9
0 nr = 0.372068 ma = 13.180635 M 0.450000 xg = -y.ozo;; = 0.932426
KY
tantp,W = 0.670365
Kf 1.472865 s, = . Y = 0.558144
X8 = 0.501330
KY 0.932426 @A = 0.393787 J = 0.54

11
 Table 5A - Low axial contact ratio (LACR) helical gears, example 3.1.4

Pinion: iteration for generating pressure angle

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
inv @; 0.014937 0.014937 0.014937 -
$"* 0.358888 0.349589 0.349314 -
nl
9” 0.349589 0.349314 0.349313 - -
n(i +l)
Pinion: iteration for critical point
Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
a 0.785398 0.664320 0.651858 0.651758
Pn 0.000102 0.000130 0.000134 0.000134
no
K -0.801380 -0.919094 -0.934027 -0.934149
s

3 -1.210580
0.186208 -1.328294
0.199679 -1.343227
0.201299 -1.343349
0.201312
P" 0.599190 0.464641 0.460559 0.450446
CF 1.157476 1.123738 1.120528 1.120502
TlF 10.767751 10.825179 10.831698 10.831751 -
hF 1.222488 1.165060 1.158541 1.158488
Y' 4.231279 3.548075 3.492580 3.492145
Y 0.512316 0.044217 0.000348 0.000000 -
IYl 0.512316 0.044217 0.000348 0.000000
an1 0.664320 0.651858 0.651758 0.651758

Gear: iteration for generating pressure angle

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
inv Q; 0.014902 0.014902 0.014902
t$"- 0.358611 0.349324 0.349050 -
m
0” 0.349324 0.349050 0.349050
n(i +l)
Gear: iteration for critical point
Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
an 0.785398 0.541421 0.476957 0.474521 0.474518 -
lllzo 0.000198 0.000329 0.000383 0.000386 0.000386 -
Ks -1.554759 -2.132880 -2.394107 -2.405443 -2.405456 -
KF -1.963959 -2.542080 -2.803307 -2.814643 -2.814656 -
en 0.056632 0.071897 0.078164 0.078431 0.078432 -
Pn 0.728766 0.469524 0.398793 0.396090 0.396087 -
LF 1.235535 1.160451 1.142289 1.141610 1.141609 -
%.F 46.328373 46.439304 46.478542 46.480158 46.480160 -
hF 1.516735 1.405803 1.366566 1.364950 1.364948 -
Y' 6.035126 4.127370 3.848488 3.839332 3.839321 -
Y 1.472435 0.266065 0.009375 0.000011 0.000000 -
IYl 1.472435 0.266065 0.009375 0.000011 0.000000 -
ani 0.541421 0.476957 0.474521 0.474518 0.474518 -

12
 AGMA 916-A93
Table 5B - Low axial contact ratio (LACR) helical gears, example 3.1.4

Input data
Gearset Pinion m
mn = 0.166667 q = 21 &Kd = 1.4760 n2 = 86 kw2 = 1.4760
9, = 20.0000 n,l = 10000 pa01 = 0.4092 nc2 = 10000 Pa02 = 0.4092
w
c,
=
=
15.oooo
9.3175
Rol = 2.0667 6 a01 = 0.0061
ROIL = 7.5865 FL-0
-uu.L
=- 0-.---,
nmi
F = 1.8750 Xl = 0.5343 Asnl = O.o240 x2 = 0.0000 As,,2 = 0.0240
= 0.0000
= 1 x01 x02 = 0.0000
Cutter figure 3
- L
= Nnt
- ..-.,-
rpntk-od
l”..-”
Cutter figure 3

62 Z subroutine sn = 1.935735 Y = 0.861107

‘n.L = 47.845108

@n 0.349066 d = 21.943975 4$& = 0.419985 J = 0.60 no = 11096.056659

0.261799 Rml = 11.393077 r-d =
w 11.990239
‘no = 5548.028330
cr 55.904888 Pl = 4.048065 =11096.056659 G6 = 5213.441281
no ‘nbo
F 11.249978 P2 = 16.904690 = 5548.028330 n1 = 86.OOOOOO rs = 5549.095130
‘no
Rol 12.400175 Pml 5.131121 = 5213.441281 = 0.244186 = 0.349594
= ‘nbo mG 4CS
Ro2 45.518909 Pm2 = 15.821834 GO = 5549.095130 To1 = 12.400175 inv@ns = 0.014974
4.095238 cy = 1.320561 0 ns = 0.349594 Rol = 45.518909 sno = 1.570796
mG
= 12.400175
Rl 10.8704oo I = 0.241 iin+,, = 0.014974 Ro2 hv@npo = 0.015046

R2 44.516876 sno = 1.570796 T1 = 10.870400

hns /2 = -0.000006
0.360356 G6 pinion hv+npo = 0.015046 Rl = 44.516876 invJ$‘h = 0.014902
cp
Rbl 10.172208 nl = 21.oooooo hnsf2 = -O.OOOOO6 R2 = 10.8704oO +‘;li = 0.349050

Rb2 41.657612 ROI = 12.400175 illV$l;; = 0.014937 Rbl = 41.657612 ri = 47.712763

% 0.384177 R1 = 10.870400 Vni = 0.349313

C4
= 16.904890 GO = 5547.995640
3.043517 Rbl = 10.1722o6 ri = 11.651910 X = 0.000000 = 0.474518
‘b an
2.952131 c4 = 5.649417 60 = 5S8.528439 A Sn = 0.024000 hlo = omo386
pN
vb 0.245674 x = 0.534300
O1n 0.651758 nc =1oooo.oooooo KS = -2.405456
20.952955 Asn = 0.024000
Clno 0.000134 ha0 = 1.476000 KF = -2.814656
c6
2.605900 nc =1oooo.oooooo KS -0.934149 x0 = 0.000000 = 0.078432
Cl
4.112262 h, = 1.476000 KF -1.343349 Pa0 = 0.409200 ;: = 0.396087
%
5.649417 x0 = 0.000000 en 0.201312 ijao = 0.006100 hlF = 1.141609
G
7.091582 Pa0 = 0.409200 bz 0.450446
q?lF = 46.480160
C5
aa0 = O.OO61OO 1.120502 J factor aear = 1.364948
% 4.048065 LF hF
z 10.831751 n = 95.426087 Y’ = 3.839321
4.485682 %F
1.473848
J factor pinion 1.158463 rn = 47.713044 Y = 0.000000
“P hF
n = 23.301719 Y’ 3.492145 44.835595 = 0.474518
‘nb = anl
63. G4. G5 rn = 11.650859 Y 0.000000 Cn4 = 17.382131 = 0.434174
pF
nr = 0.473848 rnb = 10.948227 0.651758 ‘n2 = 11.650859 co = 5.236189
“nl
Px = 12.138182 cn4 = 5.670768 0.435535 = 10.948227 = 1.000000
pF ‘nb2 ch
mF = 0.926826 i-d = 47.713044 Co 5.236189 ‘na2 = 13.180635 = 2.283219
sF
na = ‘jIb2 = 44.835595
ch 1.000000 cn6 = 21.769309 H = 0.18OOOO
L,h = rna2 = 48.715077
SF 2.241005 cnl = 14.430000 L = 0.15oooo
mN = : .oooooo cn6 = 21.769309 H 0.180000 ‘na = M = 0.45oooo
Yr = cnl = 2.716636 L 0.15oooo QNnW= 0.387686 = 1.796876
0.264134 Kf
rm = M 0.45oooo = 1.000000
(4 nr = 0.372068 KY
@@nW= 0.517962
Kf 1.900525 Y = 0.706122
X8 = 0.501330
% 1.000000 4$& = 0.356572 J = 0.52

13
 Table 6A - Conventional helical gears, different tools, example 3.1.5

Pinion: iteration for generating pressure angle

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
inv I$; 0.014923 0.014923 0.014923
cp"- 0.358773 0.349479 0.349204
nz
v 0.349479 0.349204 0.349204
n(i +l)
Pinion: iteration for critical point
Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
a 0.785398 0.489843 0.423246 0.422544
c 0.000161 0.000301 0.000356 0.000357
K -1.428714 -2.146816 -2 A58926 -2.462757
S

3 -1.548714
0.108435 -2.266816
0.148603 -20.164394
578926 -2.582757
0.164585
k 0.676963 0.341240 0.258852 0.257959
CF 1.174504 1.122203 1.108587 1.108439

IIg 20.907868
2.243744 21.006137
2.145476 21.050445
2.101167 21.051005
2.100608
Y< 8.228124 6.031137 5.929895 5.929600
Y 2.431867 0.401655 0.004159 0.000000
IYl 2.431867 0.401655 0.004159 0.000000
ani 0.489843 0.423246 0.422544 0.422544

Gear: iteration for generating pressure angle

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
inv $; 0.016894 0.016894 0.016894 -
V- 0.373767 0.363741 0.363431
nr
Q" 0.363741 0.363431 0.363430
n(i +l)
Gear: iteration for critical point
Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
an 0.785398 0.478334 0.388037 0.384560 0.384576 -
bw 0.039613 0.072843 0.089196 0.089925 0.089926 -
5 -1.549491 -2.268065 -2.662398 -2.680317 -2.680339 -
KF -1.729491 -2.448065 -2.842398 -2.860317 -2.860339 -
en 0.068177 0.091832 0.103473 0.103992 0.103992 -
fin 0.717222 0.386503 0.284564 0280588 0.280583 -
ifl 1.237266 1.152564 1.124054 1.122925 1.122924 -
%.F 36.071536 36.215014 36.297514 36.301402r 36.301406 -
F 2.178133 2.034656 1.952155 1.948268 1.946263 -
V' 8.343913 5.576394 5.196610 5.183951 5.183935 -
;I 2.562113 0.503535 0.017965 0.000022 0.000000
o.oooooo -

41 0.478334 0.388037 0.384580 0.384576 0.384576 -

14
 AGMA 919-A93
Table 6B - Conventional helical gears, different tools, example 3.1.5

Input data
Gearset Pinion j&&r
mn = 0.083333 nl = 35 hzol = 1.4460 n2 = 59 ha*:! = 1.4111
on = 20.0000 n,l =lOOOO pa01 = 0.1200 nc2 = 42 Pa02 = 0.1800

yc, = 22.1090
4.2837 R,l = 1.6843 6 a01 = 0.0187 Ro2 = b.‘ .a..”
3 7i?aFI a%-A
--UUL -z -.- .-,
n f-l197

0.8750 Xl = 0.3498 Asnl = 0.0240 x2 = 0.3523 Asn2 = 0.0240

F =
x01 = 0.0000
Fl = I no2 = 0.0278
Cutter figure 4
F2 =Notrequired Cutter figure 5

G2 I subroutine ‘n = 1.801430 Y = 0.541648 'a = 38.249670

+n 0.349066 d = 38.280025
%?L = 0.466382 J = 0.46 no = 52.814829

Y 0.385875 Rml = 19.225277

‘nL = 23.151612 ‘no = 26.407415
cr 51.404606 Pl = 7.779710 =12574.959321 G6 gear 24.814853
nO ‘nbo =
F 10.500042 f32 = 12.541885
‘no = 6287.479660 nl = 59.000000 rio = 27.666315
20.211681 = 0.593220 (Pns = 0.458011
Rol P ml = - ‘nbo = 5908.298240 mG

Ro2 33.165733 Pm2 = - rsno = 6288.805660 To1 = 20.211681 inv~ns = 0.034963

1.685714 cy = 1.000000 6 ns = o.s.ms5 R,l = 33.165733 sno = 1.591033
“G
Rl 18.888911 I = 0.166 invqbns = 0.014981 R,2 = 20.211681 hv+ no0 = 0.045029
1

R2 31.841306 sno = 1.570796 T1 = 18.888911

hns 12 = 0.003324
0.374334 G6 oinion hv4npo = 0.015029 R1 = 31.841306 inVqJ’~ = 0.016894
+
Rbl 17.580881 nl = 35.000000
Ins I2 = 0.000031 R2 = 18.888911 $‘;zi = 0.363430

Rb2 29.636343 ROI = 20.211681 inV($ = 0.014923 Rbl = 29.636343 r; = 37.294960

0.406423 Rl = 18.888911 cP”ni = 0.349204 = 13.506516 ri0 = 26.548955
%- G
3.156112 Rbl = 17.560861 r; = 22.007284 x = 0.352300 = 0.384576
‘b an
2.952131 c4 = 8.589692 GO = 6287.795326 Asn = 0.024000 CLno = 0.089926
pN
0.361494 x = 0.349800 = 0.422544 = 42.OCiWOO = -2.680339
wb an nC KS
20.321595 As, = 0.024000
kzo = 0.000357 h a0 = 1.411100 KF = -2.860339
‘6
5.433579 *C =10000.000000 KS = -2.462757 x0 = 0.027800 en = 0.103992
Cl
7.566551 h a0 = 1.446000KF = -2.582757 Pa0 = 0.180000 &2 = 0.280583
C3
c4 8.589692 x0 = 0.000000 en = 0.164565 6a0 = 0.012700 blF = 1.122924

9.971191 Pa0 = 0.120000 Bn = 0.257959 = 36.301406

9
s a0 0.018700 = 1.108439 J factor Qear = 1.948263
c2 6.815079 = %lF
z = 21.051005 n = 74.192260 = 5.183935
4.537612 %F
J factor oinion = 2.100608 rn = 37.096130 = 0.000000
“P
1.437722 hF
n = 44.012358 Y’ = 5.929600 ‘nb = 34.858960 = 0.384576
“nl
G3. G4.65 rn = 22.006179 Y = 0.000000 Cn4 = - = 0.255092
PF
nr = 0.437722 rnb = 20.679044
“nl = 0.422544 rn2 = - 0 = 7.910160
Px = 8.347090 Cn4 = - PF = 0.164496 ‘nb2 = - ch = 1.369671
mF = 1.257928 rn2 = - 0 = 7.910180 rna2 = - = 2.245847
SF
na = 0.257928 rnb2 = - ch = 1.369671 Cn6 = - H = 0.180000
L,h = 15.131716 rna2 = -
SF = 2.216878 Cnl = - L = 0.150000
mN = 0.693910 cn6 = - H = 0.180000 ‘na = 38.420556 M = 0.45OOcn
Yr = 0.390502 C,l = - L = 0.150000 m+nW= 0.463446
9 = 1.657346

+ nr = 0.378768 rw = 23.328949 M = 0.450000 0.319330 = 0.856723

xg = KY
mOnW= 0.522216
Kf = 1.693445 sn = 1.803250 Y = 0.585609
xg = 0.316830
%f = 0.656723 $& = 0.424237 J = 0.51

15
 Table 7A - Spur sun and planet gear, example 3.1.6

Pinion: iteration for generating pressure angle

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
inv $; 0.014928 0.014928 0.014928 -
0". 0.358812 0.349517 0.349242 -
rzz
Q" 0.349517 0.349242 0.349241
n(i +l)
Pinion: iteration for critical point
Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
a 0.785398 0.602014 0.573238 0.572797
c 0.000151 0.000219 0.000233 0.000233
K -1.064773 -1.329401 -1.388073 -1.389022
S

3 -1.489773
0.168216 -1.754401
0.192695 -1.813073
0.197730 -1.814022
0.197810
ff 0.617182 0.409320 0.375509 0.374987
CF 1.129153 1.071762 1.063646 1.063524 -
P 12.941082
1.473364 13.043537
1.370909 13.063152
1.351294 13.063463
1.350983 -

YC 5.246010 4.090220 3.970709 3.968983 -

Y 0.962033 0.117700 0.001753 0.000000 -
IYl 0.962033 0.117700 0.001753 0.000000
Qhl 0.602014 0.573238 0.572797 0.572797

Gear: iteration for generating pressure angle

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
inv $; 0.014928 0.014928 0.014928 -
4". 0.358812 0.349517 0.349242
?ZZ
4" 0.349517 0.349242 0.349241
n(i +l)
Gear: iteration for critical point
Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
an 0.785398 0.602014 0.573238 0.572797
bzo 0.000151 0.000219 0.000233 0.000233
% -1.064773 -1.329401 -1.388073 -1.389022 -
KF -1.489773 -1.754401 -1.813073 -1.814022 -
en 0.168216 0.192695 0.197730 0.197810
Bn 0.617182 0.409320 0.375509 0.374987
GZF 1.129153 1.071762 1.063646 1.063524
%F 12.941082 13.043537 13.063152 13.063463
4F 1.473364 1.370909 1.351294 1.350983
Y' 5.246010 4.090220 3.970709 3.968983
Y 0.962033 0.117700 0.001753 0.000000
IYl 0.962033 0.117700 0.001753 0.000000 -
ani 0.602014 0.573238 0.572797 0.572797

16
 AGMA 916-A93
Table 7B - Spur sun and planet gear, example 3.1.6

Input data
Gearset Pinion Gear
m, = 0.200000 q = 26 hzol = 1.4975 722 = 26 hao2 = 1.4975
0, = 20.0000 n,l =iwoo Pml = 0.4250 nc2 =lOooO Pa02 = 0.4250
v = o.owo Rol = 3.0750 6 a01 = 0.0245 = 3.0750 8 a02 0.0245
Ro2 =
c, = 5.7500
Xl = 0.4096 Asnl = 0.0650 x2 = 0.4098 As,;! = 0.0650
F = 2.5000
J-01 = O.WW o.owo
Fl = I x02 =
Cutter figure 6
F2 = I Cutter figure 6

G.2 I subroutine sn = 1.804106 Y = 0.634206 rnL = 14.414446

+n 0.349066 d = 26.750000 9d = 0.421015 J = 0.37 nO = 10000.000000
v o.owow Rlnl = 14.375000 rnL = 14.414446 ‘no = 5000.000000
cr 26.750000 Pl = 5.005146
nO
= 10000.000000 G6 ‘nbo = 4698.463104
F 12.500000 P2 = 6.582480 = 5000.000000 ni = 26.000000 rsno = 5001.072500
rno
Rol 15.375000 Pml 5.793613 = 4696.463104 'y% = 1.000000 $ ns 0.349655
= ‘nbo =
Ro2 15.375000 Pm2 = 5.793813 = 5001.072500 To1 = 15.375000 inv(bns = 0.0149a3
GO
1.000000 cly = 1.000000 @ns 0.349655 ROl = 15.375000 sno = 1.570796
mG =
Rl 14.000000 I = 0.091 irwjns = o.olaa3 R,2 = 15.375000 '"v&p, = 0.015061
R2 14.000000 sno = 1.570796 T1 = 14.000000 hnsii = -0.000006

$ 0.349066 G6 Dinion invOnpo = O.OISWI R1 = 14.000000 inv+“n = 0.014926

Rbl 13.155697 nl = 26.000000
Arts12 = -O.OOOOO6 R2 = 14.000000 Tzi = 0.349241
Rb2 13.155697 Rol = 15.375000 iIN+; = 0.014926 Rbl = 13.155697 r,” = 14.000695
0.414645 R1 = 14.000000 Vni = 0.349241 = 6.562480 = 5000.319535
b C4 GO

2.952131 Rbl = 13.155697 m” = 14.oooa95 x = 0.409600 0.572797

‘b an
2.952131 c4 = 6.582480 m"0 = 5ooO.319SS A Sn = 0.065000 klo 0.000233
pN
0.000000 x = 0.409600 0.572797 n, = 10000.000000 -1.389022
vb an KS

11.587626 Ass, = 0.065OW Vno 0.000233 ha0 = 1.497500 KF -1.614022

c6
3.630348 %Z =1oooo.oooooo -1.389022 x0 = o.owwo %z 0.197610
Cl KS

5.793613 h, = 1.497500 KF -1.614022 Pa0 = 0.425000 &z 0.374967

c,
6.562460 x0 = O.WWW 072 0.197610 tjao = 0.024500 LF 1.063524
c4
7.957276 Pm = 0.425000 Pn 0.374967 13.063463
C5 qnF
5.005146 sao = 0.024500 1.063524 J factor ciear 1.350983
ci ClF hF
z 4.326929 9n.F 13.063463 n = 26.OOOOOO Y’ 3.966963
J factor pinion 1.350963 rn = 14.000000 0.000000
1.465697 hF Y
“P n = 26.000000 13.155697
Y’ 3.966963 ‘nb = “nl 0.572797
63.64. G5 rn = 14.000000 Y o.wowo Cn4 = - 0.463530
PF
n, = 0.465697 '& = 13.155697 0.572797 rn2 = - co o.ooww
anl
Px = c,4 = - 0.463530 ch 1.ooww
pF ‘nb2 = -
rn2 = - co o.wowo ‘na2 = 2.127047
“F = SF
= rnb2= - ch 1.000000 c,fj = - H 0.1aww
zti = 12.500000 '& = - SF 2.127047 C,l = - L 0.15ww
mN = 1.000000 c&i = - H 0.160000 ma = M 0.45ww
y- = o.owow C,l = - L 0.15ooo0 m+nW = osoo352 Kf 1.721566
0 nr = 0.414645 ma = - M 0.450000 0.320507 l.WOOoO
xg = %
mOnW= 0.500352 Kf 1.721566 sn = 1.604106 Y 0.634206
xg = 0.320507
Q 1.000000 Q& = 0.421015 J 0.37

17
 Table 8A - Spur planet and ring gear, example 3.1.7

Pinion: iteration for generating pmure angle

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
inv $; 0.014928 0.014928 0.014928
v- 0.358812 0.349517 0.349242
nr
v 0.349517 0.349242 0.349241
n(i +l)
Pinion: iteration for critical point
Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
an 0.785398 0.661551 0.647725 0.647595
%o 0.000151 0.000193 0.000199 0.000199
K -1.064773 -1.225493 -1.247761 -1.247975
S

3 -10.168216
A.89773 -1.650493
0.183502 -1.672761
0.185507 -1.672975
0.185526
s" 0.617182 0.478049 0.462218 0.462068
CF 1.129153 1.089338 1.085164 1.085125
TlF 12.941082 13.006523 13.014738 13.014816
hF 1.163157 1.097715 1.089501 1.089422
Y' 4.212840 3.485322 3.421318 3.420729
Y 0.521748 0.048189 0.000446 0.000000
lYl 0.521748 0.048189 0.000446 0.000000
ani 0.661551 0.647725 0.647595 0.647595

Gear: iteration for generating pressure angle

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
inv $; -
9”.111
9”
n(i +l)
Gear: iteration for critical point
Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
an
ho
5
KF
&
Bn
LF
%F
b
Y’
Y
IYl
clnl

18
 AG MA 91 &A93
Table 8B - Spur planet and ring gear, example 3.1.7

Input data
Gearset Pinioq Gear
Pn = 0.2WOW q = 28
huol = 1.4975 n2 = 85 &lo2 = 1.2629
t#bn = 20.0000 n,l =lOOW 0.4250 4.2 = 30 Pa02 = 0.1500
ezol =
w = o.oooo Rol = 3.0750 %fol = 0.0245 = 8.4250 6 a02 o.oow
5.7500 Ro2 =
c, =
F = 2.5000 Xl = 0.4096 Asnl = 0.0650 x2 = 0.6678 Asn2 = 0.0650
X01 = O.WW -0.2229
Fl = 2 x02 =
Cutter figure 6
F2 = I Cutter figure 7

Gz Z subroutine sn = 1.804106 Y = 0.825562 rti =

+n 0.349066 d = 28.245614 qnL = 0.368836 J = 0.43 no =
w o.owow Rml = 14.375000 rnL = 14.104239 ‘no =
cr 28.750000 PI = 5.005146 =10000.000000 G6 gear
no rnbo =
F 12.5WOW P2 = 15.461135
‘no = 5WO.WOWO n1 r-i0 =
Rol 15.375000 pml = 5.793613 = 4698.463104 mG (4ns =
‘nbo
Ro2 42.125000 P& = 16.249802
60
= 5W1.072500 %l invQns =
3.035714 CyJ = l.WWW @ns = 0.349655 R,l sno =
“G
Rl 14.000000 I = 0.244 hv+ns = o.o14ga3 R,2 hvOnoo =
42.5WOW sno = 1.570796 *1 hnsf2
R2
0.349066 G6 Dinion im’%po = 0.015061 R1 in@ >
cp
Rbl 13.155697 nl = 28.WWW
kI2 = -0.WOOO6 R2 %i
39.936936 Rol = 15.375000 iIW$;f = 0.014928 Rbl G
Rb2
0.372222 Rl = 14.WWW cP”ni = 0.349241
c4 GO
4%
2.952131 Rbl = 13.155697 r-i = 14.WO895 X
‘b an
2.952131 c4 = 5.896021 GO = 5000.319535 Asn %zo
pN
o.owow X = 0.409800 = 0.647595
vb an nC KS
10.455989 Asn = 0.065OW
Cl?lO
= o.wo199 h a0 KF
c6
2.943890 nC =10000.000000 KS = -1.247975 X0 en
Cl
5.136275 h, = 1.497500 KF = -1.672975 pa0 fin
c3
5.896021 x0 = O.WWW en = 0.185526 6a0 %lF
c4
P&,2 = 0.425000 = 0.462068
C5
7.957278 bl qnF
aa0 = 0.024500 1.085125 J factor aear
F.2 5.005146 LF hF
z 13.014816 n = Y’
5.013388 %F
J factor pinion 1.089422 rn = Y
mP
1.698227 hF
n = 28.WWW Y’ 3.420729 ‘nb = anl
63. G4.65 rn = 14.OOWW Y o.wowo cn4 = pF
nr = 0.698227 ‘& = 13.155697
anl 0.647595 ‘n2 = w
Px = Cn4 = 0.463530 ch
pF ‘nb2 =
mF = ‘n2 = co o.wowo ‘na2 = SF
na = ‘;Ib2 = ch l.WOWO cn6 = H
L,b = 12.5WOW 'm2 = SF 2.170249 Cnl = L
mN = : .owow cn6 = H 0.18OWO ‘na = M
vr = 0.000000 Cnl = L 0.15owo m+nW= Kf
9 nr M 0.45owo
= 0.372222 'na =
xi? = %
@e,w= 0.448172
Kf 1.898920 sn = Y
xg = 0.320507
Kw l.WOOOO $d = J

19
AGMA 918-A93
Table 9A - Helical sun and planet gear, example 3.1.8

Pinion: iteration for generating pressure angle

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
inv $; 0.030017 0.030017 0.030017
$". 0.451838 0.437112 0.436527
tll
v 0.437112 0.436527 0.436526
n(i +l)
Pinion: iteration for critical point
Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
a 0.785398 0.550858 0.516528 0.516292
Pn 0.000092 0.000150 0.000163 0.000163
n0
K -0.755647 -1.020756 -1.081818 -1.082267
S
P -0.845647
0.183552 -1.110756
0.215756 -1.171818
0.222565 -1.172267
0.222614 -

s" 0.601846 0.335102 0.293964 0.293678 -

CF 1.203951 1.180769 1.177409 1.177386

P 2.003974
9.761434 9.808402
1.957006 9.818742
1.946666 9.818818
1.946590
YT 6.604027 5.308212 5.241281 5.240928
Y 1.548908 0.182230 0.001237 0.000000
IYl 1.548908 0.182230 0.001237 0.000000
ani 0.550858 0.516528 0.516292 0.516292 -

Gear: iteration for generating pressure angle

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
inv $; 0.026131 0.026131 0.026131 -
$"* 0.431629 0.418269 0.417773 -
Cli +I) 0.418269 0.417773 0.417772

Gear: iteration for critical point

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
Cr, 0.785398 0.532078 0.480780 0.479829 0.479829 -
blo 0.019982 0.033342 0.037361 0.037442 0.037442 -
KS -0.595631 -0.815390 -0.887999 -0.889483 -0.889484 -
9 -0.775631 -0.995390 -1.067999 -1.069483 -1.069484 -
& 0.132923 0.152962 0.158991 0.159112 0.159112 -
fb 0.652475 0.379116 0.321789 0.320717 0.320716 -
GlF 1.208512 1.173198 1.166728 1.166610 1.166610 -
SF 13.176464 13.239694 13.257422 13.257776 13.257776 -
!F 1.837279 1.774049 1.756320 1.755966 1.755966 -
Y' 6.313286 4.684785 4.524943 4.522425 4.522424 -
Y 1.599280 0.240323 0.004303 0.000001 0.000000 -
IYl 1.599280 0.240323 0.004303 0.000001 0.000000 -
%i 0.532078 0.480780 0.479829 0.479829 0.479829 -
L

20
 AGMA 918-A93
Table 9B - Helical sun and planet gear, example 3.1.8

Input data
Gearset Pinion @aJ
mn = 0.111111 nl = 18 hzol = 1.1460 n2 = 24 ha02 = 1.1287
on = 25.0000 n,l =lOOOO pa01 = 0.0900 nc2 = 36 Pa02 = 0.1800
w
c, =
= 17.7276
2.5500 Rol == 1.2154 6
a01 = 0.0000 Ro2 = . .“-.”‘
, F.4.c7 K.-n
WaoL -
- “.“““I
n nnnn

1.5000 Xl 0.5420 Asnl = 0.0180 x2 = 0.4316 Asn2 = 0.0180

F =
= 0.0000
Fl = 1 .x01 x02 = 4.6985
Cutter figure 8 Cutter figure 9
F2 = Not required

G2 I subroutine
‘n = 2.058274 Y = 0.801215 rnL = 15.013743

%l 0.436332 d = 19.671448
%.L
= 0.639785 J = 0.55 no = 41.656919
w 0.309405 Rml = 9.988660
‘r2.L = 11.765408 ‘no = 20.828460
Cr 22.950023 Pl = 5.268385 =11571X6413 G6 aear 18.876995
nO ‘nbo =
F 13.500014 l-3 = 6.333708 = 5785.683206 n1 = 24.000000 rsno 21.078660
‘no =
Rol 10.938611 = 5243.609743 = 0.750000 0.461130
P ml = - ‘nbo mG $ ns =
Ro2 13.911314 Pnz;!= - = 5786.739206 %l = 10.938611 inv~,, = 0.035727
GO
“G 1.333333 cy = 1.000000 @ns = 0.436723 Rol = 13.911314 sno = 0.919365
9.448671 I = 0.146 inV4%s = 0.030060 Ro2 = 10.938611 0.052045
Rl inv@npo =
12.598228 = 1.570796 T1 = 9.448671 hns 12 0.006783
R2 sno
0.455256 G6 pinion inv%zpo,= 0.030111 Rl = 12.598228 iIn+ ;z 0.026131
0
Rbl 8.486309 nl = 18.000000 = 0.000033 R2 = 9.448671 0.417772
hns I2 %i
Rb2 11.315079 ROI = 10.938611 iIN@;; = 0.030017 Rbl = 11.315079 ri 13.768851
0.530005 RI = 9.448671 @“ni = 0.436526 = 7.662508 20.653277
Qr c, m”0
2.962281 Rbl = 8.486309 r?i = 10.415169 x = 0.431600
O1n 0.479829
‘b
2.847250 Cd = 6.471560 riY0 = 5786.204859 Asn = 0.018000 bzo 0.037442
pN
0.279592 x = 0.542000 0.516292 nc = 36.000000 -0.889484
vb Orn KS
11.602094 Asn = 0.018000 0.000163 ha0 = 1.128700 -1.069484
c6 ho KF
3.509279 nC =10000.000000 -1.082267 X0 = -0.698500 0.159112
Cl KS
4.972326 h, = 1.146000 KF -1.172267 Pa0 = 0.180000 ;: 0.320716
c3
6.471560 x0 = 0.000000 en 0.222614 6 a0 = 0.000000 &IF 1.166610
c4
6.901867 Pm = 0.090000 pn 0.293678
‘lnF 13.257776
9 J factor aear
3.939586 sao = 0.000000 Gl.F 1.177386
hF 1.755966
c, = 27.771279
z 3.392587 Q2.F 9.818818 n Y’ 4.522424

1.145262
J factor pinion 1.946590 rn = 13.885640 Y 0.000000
“P hF
n = 20.828460 Y’ 5.240928 ‘nb = 12.584663 0.479829
anl
63.64. G5 rn = 10.414230 Y 0.000000 C n4 = - 0.200831
PF
n, = 0.145262 rnb = 9.488498 0.516292 rn2 = - 0 7.694021
anl
Px = 10.317491 C n4 = - 0.116121 1.363320
pF ‘nb2 = - ch
??aF = 1.308459 rn2 = 0 7.694021 rna2 = - 2.333220
SF
na = 0.308459 ‘nb2 = ch 1.363320 c,fj = - H 0.140000
L,h = 15.604712 ‘na2 = SF 2.354772 C,l = - L 0.110000
mN = 0.865124 +j = - H 0.14oOOo ‘na = 15.198726 M 0.500000
Yj- = 0.321240 C nl = - L 0.110000 @NnW= 0.677188
9 1.649675

0 nr = 0.507400 ma = 11.904170 M 0.500000 0.412299 0.903789

xg = Ku’
mOnW= 0.768580
Kf 1.671480 sn = 1.955313 Y 0.826131
xg = 0.522699
KY 0.903789 (PnL = 0.576804 J 0.58

21
 Table 1OA - Helical planet and ring gear, example 3.1.9

Pinion: iteration for generating pressure angle

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
inv 4; 0.026131 0.026131 0.026131 -
4)". 0.431629 0.418269 0.417773 7
nr
4” 0.418269 0.417773 0.417772
n(i +l)
Pinion: iteration for critical point
Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
an 0.785398 0.532078 0.480780 0.479829 0.479829 -
P 0.019982 0.033342 0.037361 0.037442 0.037442 -
no
K -0.595631 -0.815390 -0.887999 -0.889483 -0.889484 -
S

2 -0.775631
0.132923 -0.995390
0.152962 -1.067999
0.158991 -1.069483
0.159112 -1.069484
0.159112 -
s" 0.652475 0.379116 0.321789 0.320717 0.320716 -
CF 1.208512 1.173198 1.166726 1.166610 1.166610 -

F 13.176464
1.837279 13.239694
1.774049 13.257422
1.756320 13.257776
1.755966 13.257776
1.755966 -
Y"; 6.313286 4.684785 4.524943 4.522425 4.522424 -
Y 1.599280 0.240323 0.004303 0.000001 0.000000 -
IYl 1.599280 0.240323 0.004303 0.000001 0.000000 -
ani 0.532078 0.480780 0.479829 0.479829 0.479829 -

Gear: iteration for generating pressure angle

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6

inv $;
v- -
nr
C(i +l)
Gear: iteration for critical point
Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6

an
ha0
5

KF
%l
fin
&lF
%F
4F
Y’
Y
IYl
ani

22
 AGMA 916-A93
Table IOB - Helical planet and ring gear, example 3.1.9

Input data
Pinion g@J
mn = 0.111111 nl = 24 haol = 1.1287 n2 = 69 hao2 = 1.1362

+n = 25.0000 n,l = 36 Pa01 = 0.1800 nc2 = 36 Pa02 = 0.1080

w = 17.7276 ROI = 1.5457 6 a01 = 0.0000 Ro2 = 3.8846 6 a02 = 0.0000
c, = 2.5500
F = 1.5000 Xl = 0.4316 Asnl = 0.0180 x2 = -0.1972 Asn2 = 0.0180

Fl = 2 x01 = -0.6985 x02 = 0.1111

Cutter figure 9
= Notrequired Cutter figure 10

62 I subroutine ‘n 1.955313 Y = 0.885141 ‘nL

+n 0.436332 d = 24.480024 0.576804 J = 0.71 nO
%L
w 0.309405 Rml = 12.961363 15.013743
‘nL ‘no
cr 22.950023 Pl = 6.321860 41.656919 G6
nO ‘nbo
F 13.500014 P2 = 15.073690
‘no 20.828460 ni GO
Rol 13.911314 Pm1 = - 18.876995 mG Q ns
‘nbo
Ro2 34.961435 l-J&= - GO
21.078660 To1 i”v4)n,y
2.875000 cy = 1.000000 @iZS 0.461130 Rol sno
mG
12.598228 I = 0.546 ~VQ,, 0.035727 Ro2 inv+ npo
Rl
R2 36.219905 Sno 0.919365 T1 hns 12
0.455256 G6 oinion i”%Zp0 0.052045 R1 in@ 5
cp
Rbl 11.315079 n1 = 24.000000
Ins12 0.006783 R2 Q;zi
Rb2 32.530852 ROI = 13.911314 ilW& 0.026131 Rbl G
0.391249 Rl = 12.598228 Q”ni 0.417772 c4 GO
b
2.962281 Rbl = 11.315079 ri 13.768851 X
‘b an
2.847250 c4 = 7.018480 r"0 20.653277 AS, kzo
pN
0.279592 x = 0.431600
an 0.479829 n, KS
vb
8.751830 Asn = 0.018000 &ZO 0.037442 ha0 KF
c6
4.056199 nc = 36.000000 KS -0.889484 x0 en
Cl
4.667643 h, = 1.128700 KF -1.069484 Pa0 pn
53
7.018480 x0 = 4.698500 072 0.159112 aao Ll.F
c,
8.092814 Pa0 = 0.180000 pn 0.320716
q?zF
% J factor qear
5.130533 6 a0 = 0.000000 h.F 1.166610
hF
c;! n =
z 4.036615 %F 13.257776 Y’
1.362671
J factor Dinion 1.755966 rn = Y
hF
“P n = 27.771279 Y’ 4.522424 ‘nb = “nl
G3. G4.65 rn = 13.885640 Y 0.000000 cn4 = PF
n, = 0.362671 rd = 12.584663 0.479829 ‘n2 = co
“Rl
Px = 10.317491 c,4 = - P! 0.200831 ch
‘nb2 =
mF = 1.308459 rn2 = - 0 7.694021 ‘na2 = SF
n, = 0.308459 rnb2 = - ch 1.363320 cn6 = H
L,h = 17.938456 rna2 = - SF 2.333220 cnl = L
mN = 0.752574 cn6 = - H 0.140000 ‘na = M
Y, = 0.301137 C,l = - L 0.110000 mOnW= 9
9 nr = 0.375282 ma = 15.198726 M 0.500000
xg = %
tan(pnW= 0.677188 Kf 1.649675 sn = Y
xg = 0.412299 0.909652 @a = J
KY

23
AGMA 910-A93
Table 11A - Conventional double helical gears, example 3.1 .lO

Pinion: iteration for generating pressure angle

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
inv $y 0.008232 0.008232 0.008232
V- 0.294824 0.288120 0.287952 -
nl
v 0.288120 0.287952 0.287952
n(i +l)
Pinion: iteration for critical point
Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
a 0.785398 0.471112 0.373218 0.370062 0.370060 -
c* 0.000112 0.000220 0.000287 0.000289 0.000289 -
K -1.432158 -2.230837 -2.776564 -2.799123 -2.799134 -
s

P -1.842358
0.067420 -2.641037
0.093796 -3.186764
0.109961 -3.209323
0.110616 -3.209334
0.110616 -
If 0.717978 0.377315 0.263257 0.259446 0.259444 -
CF 1.102763 1.006879 0.979597 0.978719 0.978718 -

P 35.669413
2.090416 35.829899
1.929930 35.912873
1.846956 35.916155
1.843674 35.916156
1.843673 -
YC 8.111022 5.340462 5.055824 5.050907 5.050904 -
Y 2.549184 0.522796 0.015958 0.000008 0.000000 -
IYl 2.549184 0.522796 0.015958 0.000008 0.000000 -
ani 0.471112 0.373218 0.370062 0.370060 0.370060 -

Gear: iteration for generating pressure angle

Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
inv $; 0.008231 0.008231 0.008231
v- 0.294812 0.288109 0.287940 -
nz
b” 0.288109 0.287940 0.287940
n(i +l)
Gear: iteration for critical point
Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
an 0.785398 0.439167 0.294720 0.284233 0.264201 -
ho 0.000116 0.000246 0.000381 0.000396 0.000396 -
% -1.475162 -2.452773 -3.589001 -3.717446 -3.717857 -
KF -1.885362 -2.862973 -3.999201 4.127646 4.128057 -
en 0.009408 0.013803 0.018337 0.01@337 0.018839 -
Pn 0.775990 0.425365 0.276383 0.265396 0.265362 -
LF 1.173481 1.087974 1.062335 1.06@25 1.060620 -
%F 266.440538 266.566018 266.636630 266.642786 266.642806 -
hF 2.153577 2.028096 1.957484 1.951328 1.951308 -
Y' 8.818923 5.189245 4.588415 4.560704 4.560622 -
Y 3.053383 0.749573 0.048117 0.000147 0.000000 -
IYI 3.053383 0.749573 0.048117 0.000147 0.000000 -
an1 0.439167 0.294720 0.284233 0.284201 0.284201 -

24
 AGMA 916-A93
Table 11B - Conventional double helical gears, example 3.1 .lO

Input data
Gearset Pinion Gear
“n = 0.204788 nl = 41 1.3492 = 297 1.3492
haol = n2 hao2 =
%l = 16.5000 =lOOOO 0.4102
nC1 paol = nc2 =10000 Pa02 = 0.4102
w = 34.7564 ROI = 5.3070 6 a01 = 0.0114 Ro2 37.2120 8 a02 0.0147
= =
cr = 42.1250 Xl = 0.0166 Asnl = 0.0537 x2 = -0.0166 Asn2 = 0.0537
F = 20.0000
= 1 x01 = 0.0000 x02 = 0.0000
Fl
Cutter figure 11
FL2 = Not required Cutter figure 11

62 Z subroutine sn = 1.526931 Y = 0.385039 rnL = 268.594114

Qn = 0.287979 d = 49.903679 & = 0.352087 J = 0.43 110 =18032.056062

w = 0.606614 Rml = 24.952634 rti = 37.759829 ‘no = 9016.028031

cr = 205.700529 PI = 8.465276
nO
=18032.056062 G6 ‘nbo = 8644.745606
F = 97.661972 P2 = 61.302324
‘no = 9016.028031 nl = 297.000000 60 = 9016.967031

ROl = 25.914604 P ml = - ‘nbo = 8644.745606 mG = 0.138047 9ns = 0.288331

Ro2 = 181.709866 P&= - = 9016.967031 To1 = 25.914604 invql,, = 0.008265

GO
“G
= 7.243902 cy = 1.000000 0 ns = 0.288331 R,l = 181.709866 sno = 1.570796

Rl = 24.951823 I = 0.245 invqlns = 0.008265 R,2 = 25.914604 invt),,, = 0.008321

1.570796 = 24.951823
R2 = 180.748570 sno = T1 bs 12 = 0.000010
= 0.346033 G6 Dinion inv%zpo = 0.008321 R1 = 180.748570 inv$ ; = 0.008231
+
Rbl = 23.472815 nl = 41.000000
hnsl2 = 0.000010 R2 = 24.951823
%i = 0.287940

Rb2 = 170.034781 Rol = 25.914604 iiN+;;. = 0.008232 Rbl = 170.034781 ri = 267.772939

= 0.346035 R1 = 24.951823 +“ni = 0.287952 = 62.383256 GO = 9015.923873
+r c,
= 3.597172 Rbl = 23.472815 m?i = 36.965413 x = -0.016600 = 0.284201
‘b an
= 3.012221 c4 = 9.281634 m”0 = 9015.954286 Asn = 0.053700 ko = 0.000396
pN
= 0.578313 x = 0.016600 = 0.370060 nc =10000.000000 KS = 3.717857
vb an
= 69.767600 Asn = 0.053700
&to = 0.000289 h a0 = 1.349200 KF = 4.128057
c6
= 5.684462 nc =10000.000000 = -2.799134 x0 = 0.000000 = 0.018839
Cl KS
= 8.462934 h, = 1.349200 KF = 3.209334 pa0 = 0.410200 ;: = 0.265362
5
C4 = 9.281634 x0 = 0.000000 = 0.110616 6a0 = 0.014700 LF = 1.060620

= 10.981515 pa0 = 0.410200 ;I = 0.259444

q?l.F = 266.642806
(3
6 = 0.011400 0.978718 J factor aear = 1.951308
9 = 7.384343 a0 LF hF
z = 5.297053 %F 35.916156 n = 535.552065 Y’ = 4.560822

= 1.472560
J-Factor Pinion 1.843673 ‘n = 267.776033
Y = o.oocmo
mP hF
n = 73.931430 Y’ 5.050904 = 256.748945 = 0.284201
'nb “nl
G3. G4.65 rn = 36.965715 Y 0.000000 C n4 = - = 0.414368
pF
n, = 0.472560 rnb = 35.443457 0.370060 rn2 = - co = 11.148723
anl
Px = 5.510710 cn4 = - 0.437314 = 1.459288
pF ‘nb2 = - ch
“F = 17.722212 rn2 = - 0 11.148723 ‘na2 = = 2.121239
SF
na = 0.722212 rnb2 = - ch 1.459288 c,fj = - H = 0.210000
Lmin = 170.776393 rna2 = - SF 1.957437 Cnl = - L = 0.180000
mN = 0.571870 c,(j = - H 0.210000 ‘ml = 268.737328 M = 0.420000
Wr = 0.606614 C,l = - L 0.180000 0.309138 = 1.599592
m$nW= Kf
cpnr = 0.287981 ma = 37.928497 M 0.420000 = 0.674999
33 = -0-1o7244 I%
m+nW= 0.380974
9 1.553020 sn = 1.507262 Y = 0.413301
xg = -0.074044
% 0.674999 @d = 0.298089 J = 0.45

25
AGMA 919-A93
Table 12A - Herringbone gears, example 3.1 .I1

Pinion: iteration for generating pressure angle

Variable I 2 3 4 5 6
inv t#b; 0.010523 0.010523 0.010523
0". 0.319708 0.312094 0.311891
?ZZ
4)" 0.312094 0.311891 0.311891
n(i +l)
Pinion: iteration for critical point
Variable I 2 3 4 5 6
a 0.785398 0.515048 0.450400 0.448196 0.448194 -
Irn 0.056376 0.094599 0.107977 0.108476 0.108477 -
no
K -2.087997 -2.844041 -3.136649 -3.147753 -3.147765 -
S

I% -2.407597
0.143301 -3.163641
0.186984 -3.456249
0.202274 -3.467353
0.202845 -3.467365
0.202845 -
If 0.642097 0.328064 0.248126 0.245352 0.245348 -
c.F 1.156529 1.020337 0.988867 0.987829 0.987828 -

P 19.936168
2.350755 20.203563
2.083359 20.310241
1.976681 20.314362
1.972560 20.314366
1.972556 -
Y": 8.726844 6.154200 5.765165 5.752152 5.752137 -
Y 2.359300 0.397862 0.012703 0.000014 0.000000 -
IYl 2.359300 0.397862 0.012703 0.000014 0.000000 -
an1 0.515048 0.450400 0.448196 0.448194 0.448194 -

Gear: iteration for generating pressure angle

Variable I 2 3 4 5 6
inv $; 0.010061 0.010061 0.010061
9"- 0.315012 0.307579 0.307383
nz
cp" 0.307579 0.307383 0.307383
n(i +l)
Gear: iteration for critical point
Variable I 2 3 4 5 6
an 0.785398 0.454137 0.328092 0.318479 0.318426 -
bZ0 0.057662 0.109425 0.144197 0.147455 0.147474 -
% -2.135593 -3.184326 -3.977492 4.053652 4.054079 -
KF -2.455193 -3.503926 4.297092 4.373252 4.373679 -

: 0.024717
0.760681 0.034817
0.419320 0.041602
0.286490 0.042238
0.276241 0.042241
0.276185 -
GZF 1.343689 1.197141 1.132036 1.126785 1.126756 -
SF 124.597297 124.825383 125.004924 125.023094 125.023196 -
hF 2.413627 2.185541 2.006000 1.987830 I.987728 -
Y' 9.812936 5.960566 5.188472 5.131782 5.131468 -
Y 3.250645 0.751299 0.049876 0.000272 0.000000 -
IYl 3.250645 0.751299 0.049876 0.000272 0.000000 -
at21 0.454137 0.328092 0.316479 0.316426 0.316426 -

26
 AGMA 916-A93
Table 12B - Herringbone gears, example 3.1.11

input data
Gearset Pinion N
mn = 0.108263 q = 28 bzol = 1.7520 h2 = 164 hw2 = 1.7520
on = 17.4952 n,l = 32 Paul = 0.3196 q-2 = 32 Pa02 = 0.3196

y = 30.0000 Rol = 1.8500 6 a01 = 0.0000 Ro2 = 10.3500 6 a02 = 0.0000

c, = 12.0000
F = 7.0000 Xl = 0.0000 Asnl = 0.0250 x2 = 0.0000 Asn2 = 0.0250
x01 = 0.1371
Fl = I x02 = 0.1371
Cutter figure 12
= Not required Cutter figure 12
F2

62 Z subroutine ‘n 1.545796 Y = 0.404568 rnL = 127.010924

452 0.305349 d = 32.331667 0.396560 J = 0.45 no = 49.267223

%L
w 0.523599 Rml = 16.165834
‘nL 22.286922 ‘no = 24.633611

cr 110.851431 Pl = 5.529096 49.267223 G6 gear 23.494113

no ‘nbo =
F 64.663335 P2 = 32.384707
‘no 24.633611 n1 = 164.000000 rs = 26.203111
Rol 17.089596 Pm1 = - 23.494113 = 0.170732 0.458730
‘nbo “zc cs =
Ro2 95.609360 P#.Q= - rsno 26.203111 Ibl = 17.089596 inv~,, = 0.035138
5.857143 cy = 1.000000 0.458730 Rol = 95.609360 sno = 1.657226
“G +ns
16.165808 I ZZ 0.223 0.035138 Ro2 = 17.089596 inv4 np* = 0.043495
Rl invOns
R2 94.685444 sno 1.657226 T1 = 16.165808
bls 12 = -0.005246
0.349065 G6 Pinion inv4+zpo 0.043495 Rl = 94.685444 in@ $ = 0.010061
+
Rbl 15.190894 nl = 28.000000
hnsf2 -0.005246 R2 = 16.165808 @;Zi = 0.307383
88.975239 ROI = 17.089596 ilW+; 0.010523 Rbl = 88.975239 r,” = 126.328531
Rb2
0.349070 Rl = 16.165808 Vni 0.311891 = 33.493775 GO = 24.649469
+r c,
3.408829 Rbl = 15.190894 r; 21.599415 X = 0.000000 = 0.318426
‘b %
2.996269 c4 = 6.328969 r,“o 24.665046 Asn = 0.025000 kzo = 0.147474
pN
0.497092 x = 0.000000 0.448194 nc = 32.000000 = -4.054079
vb an KS
37.913803 Asn = 0.025000
kzo 0.108477 hao = 1.752000 KF = -4.373679
c6
2.920140 nc = 32.000000 KS -3.147765 X0 = 0.137100 en = 0.042241
Cl
5.529096 h, = 1.752000 KF -3.467365 Pa0 = 0.319600 bn = 0.276185
c3
6.328969 x0 = 0.137100 0.202845 6 a0 = 0.000000 LF = 1.126756
c,
7.828857 pa0 = 0.319600 ;; 0.245348
qr7.F = 125.023196
%
4.420028 6, = 0.000000 0.987828 J factor aear = 1.987728
c, LF hF
z 4.908717 %lF 20.314366 n = 252.494518 Y’ = 5.131468

1.440001
J factor oinion 1.972556 'n = 126.247259 Y = 0.000000
mP hF
n = 43.108820 Y’ 5.752137 rnb = 120.407331 = 0.318426
“nl
G3.64. G5 rn = 21.554410 Y 0.000000 cn4 = - = 0.428434
pF
= 0.440001 rnb = 20.557349 0.448194 rn2 = - 0 = 9.846530
nr “nl
= 6.283185 C n4 = - 0.496358 rnb2 = - = 1.424385
PX pF ch
= 10.291489 rd = - w 9.846530 rna2 = - = 2.253512
“F SF
= 0.291489 rnb2 = - ch 1.424385 c,(j = - H = 0.200000
na
= 105.019605 rna2 = - 1.975656 C,l = - L = 0.170000
Lmin SF
= 0.615726 cn6 = - H 0.200000 ‘na = 127.171174 M = 0.430000
mN
% = 0.523599 C,l = - L 0.170000 0.339860 = 1.599594
@NnW= Kf
+ nr = 0.305353 ma = 22.478198 M 0.430000 -0.039657 = 0.750000
xg = KY
@@nW= 0.442276
9 1 A65549 sn = 1.545796 Y = 0.503089
xg = -0.039657
KY 0.750000 @A = 0.323880 J = 0.51

27
AGMA 908-889

4 Flow chart calculation of each geometry factor. Decision flags

A flow chart has been developed to assist in the
calculation of geometry factors, I and J. This chart
organizes an efficient method for programming the
procedures presented in AGMA 908B89. Its
format separates input data, basic geometry calcu-
lations common to both factors, subroutines for
intermediate factors, and subroutines for the final
identify alternate routines for variables based on the
specific gear geometry. Each step in the chart
identifies a variable and, where applicable, the
equation number from AGMA 908-B89 needed to
calculate the variable. The numerical value tables
inclause3areformatted tofollow withtheflowchart
procedures.

Q. Gl

\ \
\ 1
np n2y n,-y n,2) rnn, $nt yfy Cry F9 Rap Ro2, FL

Normalize
to mn= 1.0
Xl 7 x 017 haoly pa01 7 6aol 3 Asnl~

x2’ xo2’ hao2’ pao2 ’ ‘a02 ’ ASn2

For hobs, let n,, = q2 = 10 000, xoI =x0, = 0.0 F2= Spur gear load sharing code:
1 = Load at HPSTC;
If s, = 62 , x,1 =x0, = 0.0
2 = Load at tip (inaccurate).
For metric units enter mnr C, , F, R,,,, and R, in milli-
meters. For protuberance hobs, reduce protuberance:
6, = a0 -us cos gin
For inch units enter m, = l/P, and C, , F, Rol, R, in
inches. Where
For an internal gear R, = Di/2.
6, is the protuberance on the cutter;
Fl = Gear type code:
1 = External gear; u* is the stock allowance per side of tooth for
2 = Internal gear. finishing.

Figure I- Flow chart for I and J subroutines for AGMA 988-889

28
 AGMA 91 &A93

Q
G2

t
b = ~,7~/180
‘jJ = W n/l80

Cr = Cr/mn
F = F/m,
&II = Rollm,
Ro2 = Ro21mn

Rl (3.2)

R2 (3-3)

0 (3.4)

Rbl
Rb2 (3.6)

0, (3.7)
Pb (3.6) Basic
geometry
PN (3-9)

% (3.11)

Cl (3.12)

c3 (3.13)

c4 (3.14)

9 (3.15)

c2 (3.16)

z (3.17)

mP (3.18)

Figure 1 (continued)

29
AGMA 908-B89

/
mF = 0.0

“2N = 1.0 (3.25)

Lti=F (3.21)
II

Y (3.27)
(4nr (3.28)
call I factor

Figure 1 (continued)
 3nl
G6

= nl
ROI = ROI
RI = RI To1 = ROI
Initialize Rbl = Rbl ROI = Ro2 Initialize
for for
pinion c4 = c4 Ro2 = %I gear

x = Xl T1 = RI

bn = bzl ~~ = R2

nc = %l R2 = T1
h a0 = ha01 Rbl = Rb2

x0 = x01 c4 = c6 - c2
pa0 = pa01 x = x2
6a0 = 6a01 bl = &2
call J factor nc = nc2
h a0 = h a02

x0 = x02

pa0 = Pa02

6 a0 = 6 a02

Call J factor

vt
Message:
‘Jfactor subroutine not
applicable to
internal gears”

c5 END

Figure 1 (continued)

31
AGMA 908-889

I Factor subroutine

Figure 1 (continued)

32
 AGMA 919-A93

J Factor subroutine
0
Jl

(SPUR) =

or

n (5.2)

rn (5.3)

mrtb (5.4)

t + s WCR)
‘na (5.5) I
tan 0 nW (5.10)

I %a2 (5.14) 1

I Gz6 (5.15)
I
1 Cd (5-W 1

1 cn4 (5.17) 1

Im+nW (5.19) 1

Figure 1 (continued)
AGMA 908-B89

. C
xg (5.19)

sn (5.21)

i”VOn (5.24)

%lL (5.27)

‘r&c (5.28)

no (5.29)
Virtual shaper
%o (5.30) cutter geometry
5lbO (5.31)

r-sno (5.39)

%ls (5.40)

inV$nS (5.41)

sno (5.42)

inv +npo (5.46)

hld2 (5.47)

iIlV(& (5.48)
q) II. (5.49
nl
-_

‘i - 0”.
e111 n( z+l)
q)“. -
n( z+l) (5.50)
’ iteration for
generating
pressure angle

Figure 1 (continued)

34
 AGMA 91%A93

957

v
ho (5.53)

%I KF (5.54) (5.55)

%v Pn (5.58) (5.59)
Iteration for
5, ’ q# (5.60) (5.61) critical point

(5.62)

Y,Y’ (5.63) (5.64)

anl w3

c>
J9
,

Figure 1 (continued)

35
AGMA 908-B89

0
J9

J (5-1)

r4
Return

Figure 1 (concluded)

36
 AGMA 919-A93

5 Cutting tool geometry 5.2 Pinion type cutting tools

Figures 2 through 12 depict the geometry of the cut-
ting tools used for the examples in this information
sheet. These figures have dimensions taken from
the cutting tools actually used to make the gears
given in these examples. The procedure used to ar-
rive at the dimensions given is beyond the scope of
this information sheet.
5.1 Rack type cutting tools
The hob drawings (figures 2,3,4,6,8, and 11) de-
pict racktypecutting tools. The hob tooth isdepicted
in the normal plane with the hob addendum given to
a circular tooth thickness of 7r/(2 Pnd). All of these
hobs are straight sided in the normal plane.
The pinion type shaper cutter drawings (figures 5,
7,9,10, and 12) depict pinion type cutting tools. The
shaper cutter tooth is depicted in the normal plane
with the shaper cutter addendum and chordal tooth
thickness given at the pitch diameter of the tool. The
dimensions apply when the tool is new and will
change as it is sharpened back. All of these pinion
type shaper cutters are involute in the transverse
plane.
5.3 Cutting tool drawings
Figures 2 through 12 are simplified cutting tool
drawings used in the examples, with dimensions in
inches. These values have been normalized to 1 .O
module for the input data in clause 3 (see figure 1).
The stock allowance per side of tooth, u, , for finish-
ing, is given where applicable.

0.3142 w

Normal
plane

5.00 normal diametral pitch

20° normal pressure angle
Protuberance
0.472 whole depth (2.36/P&) normal plane
U*l = k-2 =0.0080
class C pre-grind hob

Figure 2 - Hob for example 3.1.1 and 3.1.2

37
 AGMA 908-889

I--- 0.5236 c

R 0.0882

Normal plane

6.00 normal diametral pitch

I
20” normal pressure angle I 20.00°
0.400 whole depth (2.4/f’&) REF
t--
USI = uJ2 = 0.0053
class C pre-grind hob Protuberance
normal plane

Figure 3 - Hob for example 3.1.3 and 3.1.4

0.1309 -

I-- 0.2618 -
Normal
plane

12.00 normal diametral pitch Protuberance ’

normal plane
20° normal pressure angle -
0.200 whole depth (2.4&d)
%I = o.clo1o
ground pre-shave hob
Figure 4 - Hob for example 3.1.5

38
 AG MA 91 &A93

0.015 R.

---
v
pitch
diameter
I--- 0.1326 -
12.00 normal diametral pitch
20.00° normal pressure angle
22.109O helix angle
42 teeth
- Protuberance
normal plane

(when new) 4.0176 inch outside diameter (when new)

Normal 3.7778 inch pitch diameter
plane pre-shave with protuberance
u s2 = 0.0010

Figure 5 - Helical pinion type shaper cutter for example 3.1.5

I Normal I
plane

5.00 normal diametral pitch

20.00° normal pressure angle Protuberance
0.480 whole depth (2.4/pnd) normal plane
US1 = ufi = 0.0065
unground pre-grind hob
Figure 6 - Hob for examples 3.1.6 and 3.1.7

39
 AGMA 908-B89

5.00 normal diametral pitch

20.00” normal pressure angle
0” helix angle
30 teeth
6.416 inch outside diameter (when new)
6.000 inch pitch diameter
finishing (no protuberance)

diameter - 0.2816 -
(when new)
Normal
plane

Figure 7 - Spur pinion type shaper cutter for example 3.1.7

FL

9.00 normal diametral pitch Normal

25.00’ normal pressure angle plane
0.233 whole depth (2.1 O/P&)
class A finish hob

Figure 8 - Hob for example 3.1.8

40
 AGMA 913-A93

---
outside
diameter

r
pitch
diameter
/
- 0.1021 __4
9.00 normal diametral pitch (when new)
25.00° normal pressure angle
17.7276’ helix angle
36 teeth NOlTd
4.295 inch outside diameter (when new) plane
4.1994 inch pitch diameter
finishing (no protuberance)
Figure 9 - Helical pinion type shaper cutter for examples 3.1.8 and 3.1.9

0.1405
(when new)

mm-- --a.
-l

t
I

9.00 normal diametral Ditch

25~00~normal pressure angle
ptch /
I

17.7276” helix angle

diameter
36 teeth
4.4766 inch outside diameter (when new) 0.1860 -
4.1994 inch pitch diameter
finishing (no protuberance)
Normal
plane
Figure 10 - Helical pinion type shaper cutter for example 3.1.9

41
 AGMA 908-B89

I
4.00 transverse diametral pitch Normal
plane
(corrected for 35” helix angle)
4.883098 normal diametral pitch
16.50’ normal pressure angle
0.491 whole depth (2.4/pd)
class A pm-shave hob Protuberance
41 = 0.0010 normal plane
k-2 = 0.0003
Figure 11 - Hob for example 3.1 .lO

9.2376 normal diametral pitch

(8.00 transverse diametral pitch)
17.49524O normal pressure angle
(20.00° transverse pressure angle)
30” helix angle
32 teeth
4.409 inch outside diameter (when new)
4.000 inch pitch diameter
finishing (no protuberance)

I
pitch
diameter - 0.1;94 -
(when new)

Normal
plane
Figure 12 - Helical pinion type shaper cutter for example 3.1.11

42
 PUBLISHED BY
AMERICAN GEAR MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION
1500 KING STREET, ALEXANDRIA, WRGINIA 22314