WOLLEGA UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

FINAL EXAM, 2021

Course Name: - HYDRAULIC MACHINES

Course Code: HENG 3162 Time allowed: 2.30Hrs

Year/Semester: III & II Total Mark: 50%

Name : Id No :

Answer all the Questions

1. Draw the inlet and outlet velocity triangles for a Pelton turbine. Also derive an expression for
maximum efficiency of the Pelton wheel. ( 9 Mark )
2. Describe the principle, constructional and working details of a centrifugal pump.( 9 Mark )
3. Design a Pelton wheel working under a head of 70 m. It develops 100 kW shaft power when
it runs at 220 rpm. Assume the speed ratio as 0.45, coefficient of velocity as 0.98 and overall
efficiency as 85%. ( 8 mark )
4. The jet water of diameter 138 mm strikes the buckets of the wheel which is working under a
gross head of 382 m. The water is supplied from a lake to the turbine through a penstock of
diameter 0.96 m and length 3850 m. The jet deflection is 165° and its relative velocity is
reduced over the buckets by 10% due to friction inside surface of the bucket. ( 8 mark )
5. The following particulars are related to a centrifugal pump, such as impeller diameter = 250
mm, width of impeller at its periphery = 50 mm, outlet vane angle = 60°, discharge = 0.25
m3/s, speed of the impeller = 900 rpm, mechanical efficiency = 0.9, and hydraulic efficiency =
0.75. Determine (i) the speed and direction of water as it leaves the impeller, (ii) torque
exerted by the impeller, (iii) shaft power required and (iv) lift of the pump. ( 8 mark )
6. A centrifugal pump is required to discharge 50 litres per second water against a head of 10
m, when running at a speed of 700 rpm. The manometric efficiency is to be 85%, the loss of
head in the pump being assumed as 0. 025V 2o of water, where Vo is the absolute velocity
water leaving the impeller. Water enters the impeller without whirl and the velocity of flow
at the exit is 2.5 m/s. Determine (i) the impeller diameter and outlet area, (ii) vane angle at
the outlet edge of the impeller and (iii) angle made by absolute velocity of water leaving the
vane with the direction of motion at the outlet. ( 8 mark )