ROMANESQUE ART GOTHIC ART
(11TH – 12TH CENTURIES) (13TH – 14TH CENTURIES)
• Churches in the form of a Latin cross, with two arms
• Naves separated by pillars
• Roof was formed by a barrel vault.
ARQUITECTURE • A dome was sometimes erected at the intersection of the
arms
• Apse: semi-circular area at the end of the church
• Thick walls made of ashlars and buttresses
• Few openings and dark interior
• Attached to buildings and adapted to their form
• The tympanum of the portals had images of Christ, the
SCULPTURE Virgin and saints
• Capitals of columns decorated with demons, beasts and
religious themes.
• Mainly done in fresco inside the church walls.
• Most common themes were the Pantocrator and the
PAINTING Virgin with the Child.
• Many figures surrounded by a mandorla.
• Cathedrals built in great proportions
• The floor plan was a Latin cross, but
the arm didn’t extend outwards.
• There were gargoyles
• The weight of the Gothic vault was
supported by buttresses
• There were pinnacles, ogival arches
and rib vaults.
• Walls replaced by stained glass windows
• More independent of the architectural
framework
• More expressive and with more
movement
• Christ is now shown in pain; and the
Virgin, as a loving mother.
• Panel painting became widespread in
diptychs and triptychs commissioned
by nobles, the clergy, and the
bourgeoisie
• Famous Gothic painters: Giotto and Jan
van Eyck