Piezoelectricity Power In (PIEPI) As A Piezoelectric Application To Harvest The

Energy Taken From The Pressure On The Mosque Floor Resulting From The
Prayer Movement

Abiyyu Naufal R, Valerina Roosgenia, Muhammad Thomi B, Reffy Aldo A, Tabina

Putri P

Advisor : Dr. Ir. Purwadi Agus M.Sc.

INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER

abinaufal40@gmail.com

Abstract
The number of mosques in Indonesia is very large, this can be seen from the population
of Indonesia's population who are mostly Muslims. In the mosque itself there are a lot
of electricity needs among others, to turn on the lights and fans. Therefore, the purpose
of this research is to create a new way for obtaining energy by converting mechanical
energy from praying Muslims in the mosque to electrical energy. This can be achieved
by using a piezoelectric. This way is using piezoelectricity tested on two people praying
with body weight of 55 kg and 85 kg, respectively. The results of this test show that by
testing on a person weighing 55 kg, in each fajr, dhuhur, asr, maghrib, and evening
prayer generates voltage in a unique range. It shows that obtained voltage is between
300-400 mV during Fajr prayers, the dhuhr and asr prayers, the amount of output
voltage is around 1000-1200 mV, the maghrib prayer produces about 400-600 mV, and
the evening prayer produces voltage of about 1100-1200mV. While testing with people
weighing 85 kg, the result of each of the fajr, dhuhur, asr, magrib, and evening prayer
is also variative. The output voltage is around 400-600 mV at fajr prayers, the dhuhr
and asr prayers, total energy harvested is around 1300-1500 mV, the maghrib prayer
produces about 500-700 mV, and the evening prayer produces a voltage of about 1300-
1500 mV. Therefore it can be concluded that the heavier the person who prays on the
piezoelectric, will cause the electric current generated by the piezoelectric to be even
greater.
Keyword : mosque, electricity, mechanical energy, piezoelectricity.

Introduction estimated that there are about 229

The mosque is a place of million Muslims. Indonesia has a
worship for Muslims. According to a percentage of 87.2% of Indonesia's 263
survey from the Muslim Population By million population and around 13% of
Country 2021, the largest Muslim the world's Muslim population.[1] So
country is Indonesia, where it is that with the large number of
Indonesians who are Muslims, there are
many mosques in Indonesia. Therefore,
a lot of electricity is needed, such as
turning on the lights, turning on the fan,
and turning on the air conditioner.
Electricity needs increase as
time goes on. It becomes one of the
most fundamental needs for humans to
live their life. But, the main problem is
that most power plants for electrical
sources are using coal from the fossils
that can be decreased exponentially as
the plant uses to create power over time,
and the use of the fossils can create
pollution to the environment. Then, an
alternative source is needed to decrease
the use of fossils. Without our
realization, these alternative sources
can be obtained from wasted energy
that existed in our daily activities. One
of the wasted energies that can be used
as alternative sources is mechanical
energy while we are walking on the
ground. We can get rid of these wasted
energies using low power energies
harvesting with piezoelectric devices.
Objective
The purpose of this research is
to create a new way for obtaining
energy by converting mechanical
energy from praying muslims in the
mosque to electrical energy using
piezoelectric.
Research Methods and Approaches
The method used in this
research is a quantitative study method.
Quantitative study is the process of
collecting and analyzing numerical
data. This method is used because the
process uses experimental techniques
and based on measurement results
variable which is operationalized by
using the instrument.
Researchers used to obtain data
by observing experimental prototypes
and collecting some information from
qualified papers in proceeded journals.
Using the help of an experimental
prototype, researchers could collect raw
data such as the amount of energy
harvesting from the piezoelectric
module, and by reviewing some
qualified papers, some useful
information could be used to compare
raw data to the previous research data
in order to accomplish the required
information for research completion.
Piezoelectric itself is a material
made from crystal that can generate
electricity when it receives mechanical
pressure, or vibration. It was founded
by Curie brothers back in 1880. This
material generates electricity from a
phenomenon called a piezoelectric
effect. This effect existed from an
interaction between mechanical parts
and electrical parts inside the crystal.
Then, after receiving the interactions,
the material will encounter polarization
to generate electricity.
When the piezoelectric is
pressed and then released
consecutively, it will produce an
alternating current. In order to get
maximum energy that can be stored in
the battery or capacitor, it is necessary
to align it with the bridge rectifier. Also
because the generated electric energy
from piezoelectric is very small, so
electrical energy is stored in a battery or
capacitor before it is used by load of the The activities carried out at the time of
circuit. the research were (1) Obtaining the
necessary reference sources that are
relevant for this research. (2) Analyzing
the mechanism and workflow of the
desired prototype. (3) Understanding
the weakness and superiority of the
Figure 1. Rectifier circuit in research desired prototype. (4) Designing the
The energy produced is known prototype. (5) Simulating the prototype
by getting the value of the voltage at using software. (6) Building the
capacitor. Meanwhile, the amount of prototype. (7) Collecting data through
energy stored is: some measurements of some variables
1
E=2 𝐶𝑉 2………………………..…(1) of the prototype. (8) Transcribing the
Where V is the voltage across the necessary data by using some
capacitor in volts (V), C is the calculation and analysis. (9)
capacitance of the capacitor in farads Concluding the research from the
(F), and E is the energy in joules (J) or obtained data.
its equivalent in watt-seconds (W-s). c. Finishing
For calculating the amount of energy At the research completion,
stored in the capacitor in one press (can researchers obtained the data about
be obtained by getting the voltage energy amount of piezoelectric energy
before (and after pressing) . So, energy harvesting from prayers. Researchers
in one tap is the result of: obtain the results from variable
1 measurements and data analysis in
𝐸𝑡𝑎𝑝 = 2 𝐶(𝑉1 2 − 𝑉0 2 )…………….(2)
various experiments using the
prototype.
Research Stages
The research was conducted in several
”PiePi (Piezoelectric Power In)”
stages. The research stage carried out in
Every prayer movements have
this study are as follows.
deep meaning and advantages. (.)
a. Research Preparation
In this research, some advantages will
There are several stages in preparing
be taken by researcher to gain some
this research.
sustainable electrical energy for
(1) Looking for what things are needed
lighting up bulb in the mosque using the
at this time. (2) Determine the title. (3)
PiePi device. PiePi is a tool that can
Answering existing problems. (4)
generate and save energy from foot
Reading literature related to paper
steps or movement during prayer. This
titles. (5) Collecting the necessary data.
research is also done in order to
(6) Making a prototype for an example
decrease the use of electricity from the
of a testing tool.
fossils. This research utilizes the
b. Carried Out Research
mechanical effect from the prayer load variations, namely 55 kg and
movement that is identical with the 85 kg
people's weight and the steps of the 2. Floor Design Analysis
people walk with the help of Floor design analysis is
piezoelectric devices to create done by calculating the energy
electricity. produced. Other than that, analysis
Piepi device will be used as is also carried out by calculating the
mosque floor to harvest the electrical number of piezoelectric needs.
energy. The piezoelectric element that Tegangan (V)
Beban Maghrib Isya
is used inside Piepi is covered with (kg) Shubuh Dhuhur/Ashar (6m (10m
solid wood on the top of it, and soft (5m 3s) (9m 34s) 32s) 37s)
55 0.34 1.03 0.49 1.14
foam underneath it. Pressed area of the 85 0.45 1.38 0.55 1.53
device is using solid wood to gain equal
The table above shows that the
response all over the piezoelectric
gained voltage from prayer
element. In this device, the
movement carried out by humans
piezoelectric element size is around 27
with a mass of 55 kg and 65 kg.
mm.
From the test results above, the
Piezoelectric elements inside
gained voltage changes with
the device are connected in series - in
certain limitations. The gained
parallel circuit to make stable voltage
voltage depends on the prayers
gains. But, before it can be stored,
mass of 55 kg and 85 kg bouts. The
gained voltage should be converted to
resulting voltage range is between
direct current using bridge rectifier.
300-400 mV during Fajr prayers.
Then it is parallely connected with
In the dhuhur and asr prayers, the
capacitor to store the the energy. The
amount of output voltage is around
load then is parallely assembled with
1000-1200 mV. While the maghrib
capacitor to use the stored energy.
prayer produces about 400-600
Results and Finding
mV, and the isha prayer produces a
The test is carried out in several stages,
voltage of about 1100-1200mV. At
namely:
weight of 85 kg, the output voltage
1. Testing piezoelectric generator
is around 400-600 mV at fajr
circuits connected in parallel and
prayers. In the dhuhur and asr
in series.
prayers, total energy are harvested
This test is carried out with
around 1300-1500 mV. While the
22 pieces connected in parallel and
maghrib prayer produces about
in series with the circuit generator.
500-700 mV, and the isha prayer
In this test, the voltage parameter is
produces a voltage of about 1300-
measured using a voltmeter.
1500 mV.
The test was carried out by
means of a person who has three
 From this test, we can also see
that the greater the mass of the load
given, the greater the output voltage.
This is in accordance with the principle
of the piezoelectric change of
mechanical energy, in this case the
pressure generated by the weight of the
human body, into electrical energy. In
addition, with piezoelectric harvesting
and storage system using in a super
capacitor, the output voltage can be
accumulated into a lot by storing at a
super capacitor. Then from the loaded
super capacitor. And it can be used by
loads to work in mosques.
Calculation Analysis
If it is assumed that the average
human mass is 70 kg, then the voltage
that can be generated every fajr prayer,
dhuhur, asr, maghrib, and evening
prayers is 0, 395 V, 1.2 V, 1.2 V, 0.52
V, and 1 ,33 V. assuming that the
voltage value comes out of each prayer
by adding up each prayer divided by
with the number of prayers. From these
assumptions, the average voltage value
of a person doing the five daily prayers
is around 0.929 V. By using equation
(1), it can be known the energy stored
in a super capacitor with a capacitance
of 4700uF is:
1 1
E = 2 𝐶𝑉 2= 2 4700 ∗ 10−6 𝑥 0.9292
E = 0,0023473395 J = 2,347 mJ
Then to turn on the lights with a
power of 9 W voltage 12VDC, the total
energy needed is about 9 W. By
calculating the amount of energy
needed by the light bulb divided by the
energy stored in the capacitor, it can be
known the number of prayers or the
number of prayers congregation needed
to turn on one 12 volt lamp with a
power of 9 W as in the calculation
below:
𝐸𝑙𝑎𝑚𝑝 = 9 J/s
Number Of Prayers :
𝐸𝑙𝑎𝑚𝑝 9
= = 3834,683𝐽
𝐸𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑜𝑟 2,347 𝑚
From the formula above, we know that
to light up a DC Bulb with 9W power
capacity we need 5 times praying. By
this information, we can also determine
how many prayers needed for lighting
up bulb in the whole area of a mosque.
From the data gotten from … scribd…,
it can be known that for mosque with
the total area of 968 m² and height of 7
m, the total energy needed for lighting
inside the mosque is around 623 Watts.
By using mathematical equation below:
Total prayers needed :
623
𝑥 3834,683 = 265445,249
9
Total prayers congregation needed can
be counted as:
265445,249/5 =53.089,0498
The total prayers needed for lighting
inside the mosque is around 346 times
prayer.
Conclusion
Every movement of the prayers could
generate some benefits for the human.
Those movements are good for human
health, and even those could generate
some electricity for the human life. This
research shows that some kind of
prayers movement could generate some
voltage that could be used to light up
some bulbs needed for the lighting of
the mosque, using PiePi device. It can
also be known that this obtained voltage
depends on the wight of every
congregation, and the duration of the
prayers. The heavier the weight, more
voltages will be generated.