ILOILO DOCTORS’ COLLEGE
COLLEGE OF NURSING
Drug Name Classification and
Mechanism of Action
Generic Name: Classifications
simvastin Antihyperlipidemic
HMG-CoA reductase
inhibitor
Trade/ Brand Name:
zocor
Actions:
Dosage: Inhibits HMG-CoA
10mg 1 tab reductase, the enzyme
that catalyzes the first step
Route: in the cholesterol synthesis
oral pathway, resulting in a
decrease in serum
Frequency and Timing cholesterol, serum LDLs,
OD and either an increase or
no change in serum HDLs
. measures
West Avenue, Molo, Iloilo City
DRUG STUDY
Indications and Side Effects and Adverse Special Precautions Nursing Responsibilities
Contraindications Effects
Indications: ● Headache Increased risk of myopathy ● Ensure pt. has tried a
● Adjunct to diet in ● Diarrhea and rhabdomyolysis with cholesterol lowering
the treatment of ● Abdominal pain clarithromycin, deit regimen for 3-6
elevated total ● Nausea erythromycin, HIV protease months before
cholesterol and LDL ● Heartburn inhibitors, itraconazole, beginning therapy
cholesterol with ● Constipation ketoconazole, nefazodone, ● Give in the evening
primary ● Sleep disturbance avoid contaminant use, or highest rates of
hypercholesterole ● Cramps suspend therapy during cholesterol synthesis
mia (types lla and ● Dyspepsia treatment with are between midnight
llb) in those ● clarithromycin, and 5am
responsive to erythromycin, , itraconazole, ● Advise pt. that this
dietary restriction and ketoconazole drug cannot be taken
of saturated fat and during pregnancy
cholesterol and advise pt. to use
other barrier contraceptives
nonpharmacologic ● Take drug in the
evening. Do not drink
● To reduce the risk grapefruit juice while
of coronary using this drug
disease, mortality, ● Have periodic blood
and CV events tests
including stroke,
TIA,MI, and
reduction in need
for bypass surgery
and angioplasty in
pt. with coronary
 heart disease and
hypercholesterole
mia
● Treatment of pt.
with isolated
hypertriglyceridemi
a
● Treatment of type
lll
hyperlipoproteine
mia

Contraindications
Contraindicated with
allergy to simvastatin,
fungal by products,
pregnancy, lactation. Use
cautiously with impaired
hepatic and renal function,
cataracts.
 ILOILO DOCTORS’ COLLEGE
Drug Name Classification and
Mechanism of Action
Generic Name: Classifications
Antihypertensive
lisinopril ACE inhibitor
Trade/ Brand Name:
Prinivil, zestril Actions:
Dosage: Renin, synthesized by the
20mg 1 tab kidneys, is released into
the circulation where it
Route: acts on a plasma precursor
Oral to produce angiotensin 1,
which is converted by ACE
Frequency and Timing to angiotensin 2, a potent
BID vasoconstrictor that also
causes release of
aldosterone from the
adrenals. Lisinopril blocks
the conversion of
angiotensin 1 to
angiotensin 2 , leading to
decrease BP decrease
COLLEGE OF NURSING
West Avenue, Molo, Iloilo City
DRUG STUDY
Indications and Side Effects and Adverse Special Precautions Nursing Responsibilities
Contraindications Effects
Indications: ● Headache Keep epinephrine readily ● Monitor pt. on
● Treatment of ● Dizziness available in case of diuretics therapy for
hypertension alone ● Insomnia angioedema of the face or excessive hypotension
or combination ● Fatigue neck region; if breathing following the first few
with thiazide type ● Tachycardia difficulty occurs consult doses of lisinopril
diuretics ● Nausea physician and administer ● Monitor pt. closely in
● Adjunctive therapy ● Diarrhea epinephrine any situation that may
in CHF for pt. . lead to a decrease in
unresponsive to
BP secondary to
diuretics and
reduction in fluid
digitalis alone
● Treatment of stable volume because
pt. within 24 hours excessive hypotension
of acute MI to may occur
improve survival ● Arrange for reduced
with beta blocker dosage in pt. with
aspirin, or impaired renal
thrombolytics function
● ● Suggest the use of
Contraindications contraceptives if
Contraindicated with pregnancy should
allergy to lisinopril or occur discontinue
enalapril. Use cautiously drug as soon as
 aldosterone secretion, a with impaired renal possible
small increase in serum function, CHF, sal or
potassium levels and volume depletion,
sodium and fluid loss pregnancy, lactation

ILOILO DOCTORS’ COLLEGE

COLLEGE OF NURSING
West Avenue, Molo, Iloilo City

DRUG STUDY

Drug Name Classification and Indications and Side Effects and Adverse Special Precautions Nursing Responsibilities
Mechanism of Action Contraindications Effects

Generic Name: Classifications Indications: ● Stomach pain. Before taking glyburide, tell ▪ Give drug before
glyburide Antidiabetics sulfonylureasGlyburide is used with a ● Low grade fever. your doctor or pharmacist if breakfast. If severe GI
proper diet and exercise ● Loss of appetite. you are allergic to it or if you upset occurs, dose
Actions: program to control high ● Dark urine. have any other allergies. This may be divided and
Trade/ Brand Name: blood sugar in people ● Clay-colored product may contain inactive given before meals.
Diabeta, glynase Glyburide appears to lower with type 2 diabetes. It stools. ingredients, which can cause ▪ Monitor urine or
the blood glucose acutely may also be used with ● Jaundice allergic reactions or other serum glucose levels
by stimulating the release other diabetes medications. (yellowing of the problems. frequently to
Controlling high blood
Dosage: of insulin from the skin or eyes) determine drug
sugar helps prevent kidney
2.5 mg 1 tab pancreas, an effect ● Pale skin. effectiveness and
damage, blindness, nerve
dependent upon problems, loss of limbs, ● Confusion. dosage.
Route: functioning beta cells in and sexual function ▪ Monitor dosage
Oral the pancreatic islets. The problems. carefully if switching
mechanism by to or from Glynase.
Frequency and Timing which glyburide lowers Contraindications ▪ WARNING: Transfer to
OD blood glucose during long- insulin therapy during
term administration has ● low blood sugar. periods of high stress
not been clearly ● pituitary hormone (eg, infections,
established deficiency. surgery, trauma).
● a condition where ▪ WARNING: Use IV
the adrenal glands glucose if severe
produce less hypoglycemia occurs
hormones called as a result of
Addison's disease. overdose.
● hepatic porphyria.
● a type of blood
disorder where the
red blood cells
burst called
hemolytic anemia.
● alcoholism.
● liver problems.
● severe liver
disease.
 ILOILO DOCTORS’ COLLEGE
COLLEGE OF NURSING
West Avenue, Molo, Iloilo City

DRUG STUDY

ILOILO DOCTORS’ COLLEGE

COLLEGE OF NURSING
West Avenue, Molo, Iloilo City

DRUG STUDY

Drug Name Classification and Indications and Side Effects and Adverse Special Precautions Nursing Responsibilities
Mechanism of Action Contraindications Effects

Generic Name: Classifications Indications:
Ferrous sulfate Iron preparation ● Prevention and
treatment of iron
deficiency anemias
● Dietary supplement
● Nausea Take ferrous sulfate on an ● Confirm that pt. does
● Vomiting empty stomach, at least 1 have iron deficiency
● Constipation hour before or 2 hours after anemia before
● Diarrhea a meal. Avoid taking antacids treatment
● Dark stool or antibiotics within 2 hours ● Give drug with meals
Trade/ Brand Name:
Feosol, apo- ferrous sulfate Actions:
Dosage: Elevates the serum iron
500mg 1 tab concentration which then
helps to form Hgb or
Route: trapped in the
Oral reticuloendotherlial cells
Contraindications
for storage and eventual
Frequency and Timing conversion to a usable
OD @ HS form of iron.
for iron ● Anorexia before or after (avoiding milk,eggs,
● Unlabeled use; ● taking ferrous sulfate . Take coffee, and tea) if GI
supplemental use this medication with a full discomfort is severe,
during epoetin glass of water. Do not crush, and slowly increase to
therapy to ensure chew, break, or open an build up tolerance
proper hematologic extended-release tablet or ● Administer liquid
response to epoetin capsule. preparations in water
or juice to mask the
taste and prevent
Contraindicated
staining of teeth; have
with allergy to any
ingredient; sulfate the pt. drink solution
allergy; with a straw
hemochromatosis, ● Warn the pt. that’s
hemoiderosis, tool may be dark or
hemolytic anemias. green
Use cautiously with ● Arrange for the
normal iron periodic monitoring
balance; peptic of hct and hgb levels
ulcer regional
enteritis, ulcerative
colitis