Perspectives Upper intermediate Unit 3

Choose the correct option.

1. I have a real ________ for football. My team has always been Liverpool!
a. passion
b. attitude
c. energy
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p33 OBJ: Vocabulary
TOP: Describing sportspeople

2. Steven Gerrard was one of the best midfielders in football. He ________ 21 goals for England,
too.
a. gave
b. won
c. scored
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p33 OBJ: Vocabulary
TOP: Describing sportspeople

3. That team has a really great ________. They’re always trying to win.
a. idea
b. attitude
c. technique
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p33 OBJ: Vocabulary
TOP: Describing sportspeople

4. Christine Sinclair has ________ the Canadian women’s football team for a long time.
a. captained
b. been
c. played
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p33 OBJ: Vocabulary
TOP: Describing sportspeople

5. Serena Williams has ________ a number of Olympic gold medals for her country.
a. earned
b. gained
c. won
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p33 OBJ: Vocabulary
TOP: Describing sportspeople

6. That guy has incredible ________. He always knows where the ball is.
a. awareness
b. technique.
c. energy
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p33 OBJ: Vocabulary
TOP: Describing sportspeople

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning 1

 7. Roger Federer is an extremely ________ tennis player, as well as being physically very fit.
a. passion
b. skilful
c. hard
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p33 OBJ: Vocabulary
TOP: Describing sportspeople

8. Usain Bolt, the great Jamaican sprinter, ________ a new world record for the 100 metres in 2009.
a. set
b. overcame
c. played
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p33 OBJ: Vocabulary
TOP: Describing sportspeople

9. It must be an incredible feeling, to score the winning ________ in the World Cup.
a. score
b. point
c. goal
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p33 OBJ: Vocabulary
TOP: Describing sportspeople

Choose a word from the list that means the same as the underlined word. There are two
words that you do not need.

establish fund hold select top

10. There’s always a competition between cities which want to host the Olympics. ____________

ANS: hold

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p36 OBJ: Vocabulary TOP: Synonyms in texts

11. They want to set up a programme to find young talent. ____________

ANS: establish

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p36 OBJ: Vocabulary TOP: Synonyms in texts

12. If they choose you to be in the team, you will have to work very hard. ____________

ANS: select

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p36 OBJ: Vocabulary TOP: Synonyms in texts

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning 2

 Complete each sentence with the correct word from the list. There are two words that you
do not need.

all essentially reduced shrunk throughout

13. Football is a sport that’s popular ____________ the world.

ANS: throughout

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p41 OBJ: Vocabulary TOP: Vocabulary in context

14. All sports are ____________ the same. They involve winning or losing.

ANS: essentially

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p41 OBJ: Vocabulary TOP: Vocabulary in context

15. Boxing has ____________ in popularity in recent years because people realize it can be very
dangerous.

ANS: shrunk

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p41 OBJ: Vocabulary TOP: Vocabulary in context

Complete each sentence with the, a or an.

16. David Beckham played in ____________ national team for 13 years, scoring 17 goals.

ANS: the

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Grammar TOP: Determiners

17. Rebecca Romero enjoyed success as ____________ Olympic rower before switching to cycling
and winning more medals.

ANS: an

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Grammar TOP: Determiners

18. It’s important to maintain your concentration right up to ____________ final whistle.

ANS: the

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Grammar TOP: Determiners

19. Every team needs ____________ great goal scorer!

ANS: a

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Grammar TOP: Determiners

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning 3

 20. That was the year that Bill and Tom won ____________ men’s doubles.

ANS: the

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Grammar TOP: Determiners

Complete the sentences with the correct words from the list. You may use the words more
than once.

a any her his many no the

21. He was ____________ best rugby player of ____________ generation.

ANS: the, his

PTS: 2 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Grammar TOP: Determiners

22. She hadn’t heard ____________ news about the team selection until ____________ coach told her
that she hadn’t been chosen.

ANS:
any/the, the/her
any, the
any, her
the, the
the, her

PTS: 2 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Grammar TOP: Determiners

23. Even though there was ____________ hope, the team fought on until ____________ end.

ANS: no, the

PTS: 2 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Grammar TOP: Determiners

24. When she was ____________ teenager, her ambition was to become ____________ most
successful athlete in her club.

ANS: a, the

PTS: 2 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Grammar TOP: Determiners

25. There aren’t ____________ players in ____________ world who can do what she does.

ANS: many, the

PTS: 2 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Grammar TOP: Determiners

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning 4

 Choose the correct option.

26. These days, athletes’ body suits are much _________________ (more aerodynamic / most
aerodynamic) than they used to be.

ANS: more aerodynamic

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p38 OBJ: Grammar

TOP: Comparatives and superlatives

27. Sports science is far _________________ (advanced / more advanced) now than it was in Jesse
Owens’ day.

ANS: more advanced

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p38 OBJ: Grammar

TOP: Comparatives and superlatives

28. The more advanced the technology, _________________ (better / the better) the results.

ANS: the better

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p38 OBJ: Grammar

TOP: Comparatives and superlatives

29. My team are playing even _________________ (worse / bad) than they played last season!

ANS: worse

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p38 OBJ: Grammar

TOP: Comparatives and superlatives

30. She’s one of the _________________ (most intelligent / more intelligent) athletes around.

ANS: most intelligent

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p38 OBJ: Grammar

TOP: Comparatives and superlatives

Choose the correct option.

31. Technology such as the material used for running tracks

a. is much more advanced nowadays.
b. is many more advanced nowadays.
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p38 OBJ: Grammar
TOP: Comparatives and superlatives

32. To win the championship, a player

a. has to be the better.
b. has to be the best.
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p38 OBJ: Grammar
TOP: Comparatives and superlatives

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning 5

 33. I think that goal
a. was the greatest I’ve ever seen.
b. is best I’ve ever seen.
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p38 OBJ: Grammar
TOP: Comparatives and superlatives

34. Jack’s training schedule has always been

a. rigorouser than Lenny’s.
b. more rigorous than Lenny’s.
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p38 OBJ: Grammar
TOP: Comparatives and superlatives

35. Junk food

a. is the worst thing you can eat as an athlete.
b. is the worse thing you can eat as an athlete.
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p38 OBJ: Grammar
TOP: Comparatives and superlatives

Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word in brackets. Use two words in
each sentence.

36. The team’s performance is so _________________ (good) than it used to be.

ANS: much better

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p38 OBJ: Grammar

TOP: Comparatives and superlatives

37. _________________ (great) the funding, the better for the athletes.

ANS: The greater

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p38 OBJ: Grammar

TOP: Comparatives and superlatives

38. The accommodation for athletes at the Olympic Games is _________________ (comfortable) than
it used to be.

ANS: more comfortable

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p38 OBJ: Grammar

TOP: Comparatives and superlatives

39. The difference between the teams was that Chelsea had much _________________ (energy).

ANS: more energy

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p38 OBJ: Grammar

TOP: Comparatives and superlatives

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning 6

 40. Athletes these days eat a lot _________________ (healthy) than they did in the past.

ANS: more healthily

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p38 OBJ: Grammar

TOP: Comparatives and superlatives

Read. Choose T (True) or F (False).

Want to be a top footballer?

Many people are envious of the lifestyles of famous footballers- the money, the expensive cars,
the admiration of the fans. It all seems so wonderful, doesn’t it? But the truth is that if you want to
be a top footballer, you have to work extremely hard on and off the pitch!

Football is an extremely demanding sport. Players can typically cover 7.5–9 miles during a match
and reach speeds of up to 22mph. They are constantly moving – running, jumping and twisting
with rapid changes in direction that burn up to 1,000 calories a game, all of which requires energy
and stamina.

Footballers' training uses a variety of exercise drills to target aerobic and anaerobic energy
systems in order to increase their energy levels during a game. These exercises allow players to
access different energy reserves when they need to – whether it's for a quick, high-intensity
activity such as attacking or defending a goal or for more basic covering work on the football
pitch.

Football at the top levels is a dynamic, powerful sport, so, as well as being fit, footballers also
need to eat the right foods. Players have to be slim and athletic, so they eat a healthy balanced diet
including plenty of vegetables, proteins and carbohydrates. Junk food is mainly off the menu.

To achieve the long-lasting energy they require, before a match, players usually eat a lot of
carbohydrates such as brown bread, brown rice, cereals, pasta and potatoes. As the brain is nearly
60% fat, it is also important to consume fatty acids to maintain its performance. So for
concentration, oily fish such as salmon, and good fats such as nuts and seeds are perfect. After
exercise, carbohydrates will also replace lost energy. In order to release energy more gradually,
wholegrain versions of food are best, as is the natural fibre of potatoes when eaten in their skins.
Protein-rich foods such as milk can help to rebuild damaged muscle tissue after matches.

So if you’re looking for a career in football, a real passion for the game may not be enough. You
have to be prepared to train hard and look after your body 365 days a year!

41. Footballers can run up to nine miles in a match.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p36 OBJ: Reading

TOP: Reading for general information

42. Football is one of the easiest sports.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p36 OBJ: Reading

TOP: Reading for general information

43. Football players have to be slim.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p36 OBJ: Reading

TOP: Reading for general information

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning 7

 44. Footballers can eat junk food whenever they like.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p36 OBJ: Reading

TOP: Reading for general information

45. The brain is mainly made up of carbohydrate.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p36 OBJ: Reading

TOP: Reading for general information

46. Milk doesn’t have a lot of protein in it.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p36 OBJ: Reading

TOP: Reading for general information

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning 8

 Read. Complete each sentence with the correct word from the list.

elite intensively muscles participate percentage stamina

Want to be a top footballer?

Many people are envious of the lifestyles of famous footballers- the money, the expensive cars,
the admiration of the fans. It all seems so wonderful, doesn’t it? But the truth is that if you want to
be a top footballer, you have to work extremely hard on and off the pitch!

Football is an extremely demanding sport. Players can typically cover 7.5–9 miles during a match
and reach speeds of up to 22mph. They are constantly moving – running, jumping and twisting
with rapid changes in direction that burn up to 1,000 calories a game, all of which requires energy
and stamina.

Footballers' training uses a variety of exercise drills to target aerobic and anaerobic energy
systems in order to increase their energy levels during a game. These exercises allow players to
access different energy reserves when they need to – whether it's for a quick, high-intensity
activity such as attacking or defending a goal or for more basic covering work on the football
pitch.

Football at the top levels is a dynamic, powerful sport, so, as well as being fit, footballers also
need to eat the right foods. Players have to be slim and athletic, so they eat a healthy balanced diet
including plenty of vegetables, proteins and carbohydrates. Junk food is mainly off the menu.

To achieve the long-lasting energy they require, before a match, players usually eat a lot of
carbohydrates such as brown bread, brown rice, cereals, pasta and potatoes. As the brain is nearly
60% fat, it is also important to consume fatty acids to maintain its performance. So for
concentration, oily fish such as salmon, and good fats such as nuts and seeds are perfect. After
exercise, carbohydrates will also replace lost energy. In order to release energy more gradually,
wholegrain versions of food are best, as is the natural fibre of potatoes when eaten in their skins.
Protein-rich foods such as milk can help to rebuild damaged muscle tissue after matches.

So if you’re looking for a career in football, a real passion for the game may not be enough. You
have to be prepared to train hard and look after your body 365 days a year!

47. If you want to ____________ in top-level football, you have to work hard.

ANS: participate

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p36 OBJ: Reading

TOP: Reading for specific information

48. ____________ footballers can run up to nine miles in a match.

ANS: Elite

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p36 OBJ: Reading

TOP: Reading for specific information

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning 9

 49. A high ____________ of the brain is made up of fat.

ANS: percentage

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p36 OBJ: Reading

TOP: Reading for specific information

50. To run for 90 minutes, you require a lot of ____________.

ANS: stamina

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p36 OBJ: Reading

TOP: Reading for specific information

51. Professional footballers train very ____________.

ANS: intensively

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p36 OBJ: Reading

TOP: Reading for specific information

52. A footballer’s ____________ need to be able to access energy reserves.

ANS: muscles

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p36 OBJ: Reading

TOP: Reading for specific information

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning 10

 Read. Write a supporting argument for each sentence.

Want to be a top footballer?

Many people are envious of the lifestyles of famous footballers- the money, the expensive cars,
the admiration of the fans. It all seems so wonderful, doesn’t it? But the truth is that if you want to
be a top footballer, you have to work extremely hard on and off the pitch!

Football is an extremely demanding sport. Players can typically cover 7.5–9 miles during a match
and reach speeds of up to 22mph. They are constantly moving – running, jumping and twisting
with rapid changes in direction that burn up to 1,000 calories a game, all of which requires energy
and stamina.

Footballers' training uses a variety of exercise drills to target aerobic and anaerobic energy
systems in order to increase their energy levels during a game. These exercises allow players to
access different energy reserves when they need to – whether it's for a quick, high-intensity
activity such as attacking or defending a goal or for more basic covering work on the football
pitch.

Football at the top levels is a dynamic, powerful sport, so, as well as being fit, footballers also
need to eat the right foods. Players have to be slim and athletic, so they eat a healthy balanced diet
including plenty of vegetables, proteins and carbohydrates. Junk food is mainly off the menu.

To achieve the long-lasting energy they require, before a match, players usually eat a lot of
carbohydrates such as brown bread, brown rice, cereals, pasta and potatoes. As the brain is nearly
60% fat, it is also important to consume fatty acids to maintain its performance. So for
concentration, oily fish such as salmon, and good fats such as nuts and seeds are perfect. After
exercise, carbohydrates will also replace lost energy. In order to release energy more gradually,
wholegrain versions of food are best, as is the natural fibre of potatoes when eaten in their skins.
Protein-rich foods such as milk can help to rebuild damaged muscle tissue after matches.

So if you’re looking for a career in football, a real passion for the game may not be enough. You
have to be prepared to train hard and look after your body 365 days a year!

53. People envy footballers.

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

ANS:
Sample answer: Footballers have lots of money, expensive cars and their fans admire them.

PTS: 2 REF: Unit 3 p37 OBJ: Reading TOP: Critical thinking

54. Football is very demanding.

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

ANS:
Sample answer: You have to be physically very fit and also you have to eat carefully.

PTS: 2 REF: Unit 3 p37 OBJ: Reading TOP: Critical thinking

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning 11

 55. Players eat a balanced diet.

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

ANS:
Sample answer: They eat a lot of proteins, vegetables, carbohydrates and fats. They don’t usually
eat junk food.

PTS: 2 REF: Unit 3 p37 OBJ: Reading TOP: Critical thinking

Listen. Choose T (True) or F (False). Audio 3.03

56. The programme is about a skier.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Listening

TOP: Listening for general information

57. Amanda is 18 years old.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Listening

TOP: Listening for general information

58. Amanda has just been accepted into a local ski team.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Listening

TOP: Listening for general information

59. She doesn’t like doing sit-ups.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Listening

TOP: Listening for general information

60. She drinks alcohol.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Listening

TOP: Listening for general information

Listen. Match the word to the correct meaning. Track 3.03

61. picked
a. chosen
b. decided
c. awarded
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Listening
TOP: Listening for specific information

62. workout
a. waking
b. activity
c. exercise
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Listening
TOP: Listening for specific information

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning 12

 63. exceptionally
a. extremely
b. somewhat
c. nicely
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Listening
TOP: Listening for specific information

64. tough
a. fit
b. strict
c. mean
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Listening
TOP: Listening for specific information

65. treat
a. meal
b. dessert
c. luxury
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Listening
TOP: Listening for specific information

Listen. Match the first half of the sentence to the second half. Track 3.03
a. for a long time.
b. very physically fit.
c. has just been selected for the national ski team.
d. high amounts of protein.
e. fastest of twenty skiers.
66. Amanda
67. She was the
68. She is
69. Amanda sleeps
70. She eats

66. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Listening

TOP: Listening for specific information
67. ANS: E PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Listening
TOP: Listening for specific information
68. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Listening
TOP: Listening for specific information
69. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Listening
TOP: Listening for specific information
70. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p34 OBJ: Listening
TOP: Listening for specific information

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning 13

 Writing

71. Use these survey results to write a short report on the most popular sports. Write at least four
sentences.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

ANS:
Answers will vary.

PTS: 6 REF: Unit 3 p42 OBJ: Writing TOP: A survey

Match the sentence to the phrase.

a. a tiny percentage
b. a significant majority
c. roughly a third
d. almost half
72. Over 47% of girls like playing football in a girls-only team.
73. About 3% of people go to see a sporting event every week.
74. 98% of schoolchildren know that exercise is important.
75. Some 32% of those who responded do less sport as they get older.

72. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p 43 OBJ: Writing

TOP: A survey

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning 14

 73. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p 43 OBJ: Writing
TOP: A survey
74. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p 43 OBJ: Writing
TOP: A survey
75. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p 43 OBJ: Writing
TOP: A survey

Watch and answer the questions. Write one or two sentences. Video 3.1 and 3.2

76. According to David, if the winner of the 2012 marathon had raced against the winner of the 1904
marathon, what would have happened?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

ANS:
Sample answer: He would have won by nearly 1.5 hours (1 hour 20 minutes).

PTS: 2 REF: Unit 3 p40 OBJ: TED Talk

TOP: Are athletes really getting faster, better, stronger?

77. What does David want to talk about?

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

ANS:
Sample answer: He wants to talk about what is going on behind the march of athletic progress.
How has athletic performance improved so much?

PTS: 2 REF: Unit 3 p40 OBJ: TED Talk

TOP: Are athletes really getting faster, better, stronger?

78. What are two advantages that Usain Bolt had over Jess Owens?

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

ANS:
Sample answer: Usain Bolt started from blocks, down a specially fabricated carpet. Jesse Owens
ran on a cinder track, and made a hole in the cinders to make his starting point.

PTS: 2 REF: Unit 3 p40 OBJ: TED Talk

TOP: Are athletes really getting faster, better, stronger?

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning 15

 79. If Owens had had the same technology as Bolt had, what would have happened?

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

ANS:
Sample answer: Owens would have been within one stride of Usain Bolt.

PTS: 1 REF: Unit 3 p40 OBJ: TED Talk

TOP: Are athletes really getting faster, better, stronger?

80. Why did the cycling record improve so much between 1972 and 1996?

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

ANS:
Sample answer: It improved mainly because of cycling technology. The equipment became more
aerodynamic.

PTS: 2 REF: Unit 3 p40 OBJ: TED Talk

TOP: Are athletes really getting faster, better, stronger?

81. If a cyclist today uses the same technology, what is the difference in distance?

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

ANS:
Sample answer: The difference is 883 feet.

PTS: 2 REF: Unit 3 p40 OBJ: TED Talk

TOP: Are athletes really getting faster, better, stronger?

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning 16