Major Bridge at Chainage 6+130

Catchment Area at Chainage 6+130 from Civil 3D

Catchment Area obtained using Civil3D = 144.1019 Ha

As per clause 6.2.1 of IRC:SP:13:2004 Discharge shall be calculated from three different ways and highest of these values
should be taken provided it doesn't exceed the next higher value by more than 50 %.If it does, it should be restricted to
that limit

1. Discharge Calculation Using Dickens Formula,Q=CM^3/4

C= 14 As per clause 4.2 of IRC:SP:13-2004

M, Catchment area in sq. Km = 1.441019 Sq. Km

Discharge as per Dickens formula = 18.413 m3/sec

2. Discharge Calculation using Rational Formula,Q=.028PfAIc

Co-efficient of run-off for the catchment characteristics, P= 0.4

Factor f depending on Area = 1

Crictical Intensity of rainfall in cm per hour for 50 years of return period = 32 cm/hr

Level difference between Highest point and point at the bridge site,H = 3.123 m

Length of Largest stream, L= 1.266 Km

Time of concentration,tc = (.87L^3/H)^.385 0.803 hrs

Critical Intensity of rainfall, Ic = F/T(T+1/tc+1) 18.490 cm/hr

Discharge,(Q)=.028PfAIc = 29.84113 m3/sec

3. Discharge Calculated from slope area method = 377.637 m3/sec

Design Discharge as per Clause 6.2.1 of IRC:SP:13:2004 = 29.841 m3/sec

Linear waterway Calculations

HFL at bridge site (RL) = 55.612

Design discharge (Q) = 29.84 cumecs

Observed Natural Waterway(ONW) = 134.000 m

Linear Waterway Required From lacey Regime width = 26.22 m

Criteria W = 4.8* sqrt(Q) = 26.00 m

Effective Waterway, (EWW) = 80

Fluming Ratio, EWW/(lower of ONW & Lacey Waterway) = 3.077

As the fluming ratio is greater than 0.67 i.e 2/3 as per clause 2.2.5.2 of MOSRTH pocket book for bridge engineers
Hence, provided span of 80 m is adequate

Scour Depth Calculations (without bed protection works)

The mean depth of scour 'dsm' shall be calculated below the HFL as per the provisions of Clause
No. 703.22.1 of IRC 78-1983.

dsm = 1.34 x (Db2/Ksf)1/3

where
Db = the discharge in Cumecs per metre width
Ksf = the silt factor = 1.0000

Highest flood level 55.612 m

Lower Bed Level 50.046 m

Hydraulic Mean Depth, R 4.383 m

Design discharge
(after increasing the discharge by 30%) 38.793 cumecs

Design discharge adopted for scour calculations (Q) 38.793 cumecs

Clear waterway after making deductions for obstructions upto HFL (L) 72.000 m

Discharge per metre width Db =(Q/L) 0.539 m^2/sec

Normal scour depth dsm = 1.34 x (Db2/Ksf)1/3 0.887 m

Normal Scour Depth to be considered for maximum scour depth calculation is maximum of R and dsm

Hence, dsm 4.383 m

Maximum scour depth at Abutment locations = (1.27 x dsm) 5.566 m

Maximum scour depth at Pier locations = (2 x dsm) 8.765 m

Maximum scour level for Abutment locations = (HFL - 1.27 x dsm) 50.046 m
Maximum scour level for Pier locations = (HFL - 2 x d sm) 46.847 m
Afflux Calculation

The unobstructed width of stream, W 134.000 m

Linear waterway of the bridge, L 80.00 m

Downstream Depth of the stream, Dd 4.383 m

Discharge through the bridge by the Orifice formula, Q=Co(2g)^(1/2)LDd(h+(1+e)u2/2g)^1/2

L/W = 0.597

From Fig. 15.4 & Fig. 15.3 of IRC:SP:13-2004 value of Co & e for corresponding value of L/W= 0.597 is derived

Co = 0.87 , e= 1.02

Putting the value of Co, e, Dd, L, h, u, Q in the Orifice formula and evaluating, we get the equation

h+.103u2 = 4x10^-4 --------(a)

Also, just upstream of the bridge

Q= W(Dd+h)u or h= (29.841/(134u)) -4.383 --------(b)

Evaluating equation (a) & (b), We have

Velocity, u = 0.051 m/sec

Substituting u in equation (b)

h= -0.0161 m

As the calculated afflux is negative and less than 1/4Dd hence there is no afflux to be considered at this bridge site
 Minor Bridge at Chainage 553+330

Catchment Area obtained using Civil3D = 7.9453 Ha

As per clause 6.2.1 of IRC:SP:13:2004 Discharge shall be calculated from three different ways and highest of these values
should be taken provided it doesn't exceed the next higher value by more than 50 %.If it does, it should be restricted to
that limit

1. Discharge Calculation Using Dickens Formula,Q=CM^3/4

C(corresponding to annual rainfall of 120cm from IMD ) = 14 As per clause 4.2 of IRC:SP:13-2004

M, Catchment area in sq. Km = 0.079453 Sq. Km

Discharge as per Dickens formula = 2.095 m3/sec

2. Discharge Calculation Using Ryve,s Formula,Q=CM^2/3

C= 10 As per clause 4.3 of IRC:SP:13-2004

M, Catchment area in sq. Km = 0.079453 Sq. Km

Discharge as per Dickens formula = 1.848 m3/sec

3. Discharge Calculation using Rational Formula,Q=.028PfAIc

Co-efficient of run-off for the catchment characteristics, P= 0.35

Factor f depending on Area = 1

Crictical Intensity of rainfall in cm per hour for 50 years of return period = 5.9 cm/hr

Level difference between Highest point and point at the bridge site,H = 0.2 m

Length of Largest stream, L= 0.34436 Km

Time of concentration,tc = (.87L^3/H)^.385 0.514 hrs

Critical Intensity of rainfall, Ic = F/T(T+1/tc+1) 7.793 cm/hr

Discharge,(Q)=.028PfAIc = 0.607 m3/sec

4. Discharge Calculated from slope area method

Calculation of Equivalent stream slope

As per clause 5.4 of IRC SP 13, the equivalent stream slope is the average bed slope measured over reasonably long stretch
For the purpose of calculation of equivalent stream slope the survey points are chosen at each cross section where the channel
deep and shall pass more amount of discharge. The Levels at these Survey Points were noted down.
The distance between these survey points was measured. The bed slope was measured for each section w.r.t the first location i.e.
cross section - 101. The bed slopes obtained for all sections was then averaged to obtained equivalent slope. The equivalent stream
slope is denoted as S .
the Detailed calculation are Shown below.
Calculation of Equivalent Slope

length
Cross section between cumulativ
level slope
No. adjacent e length
sections
1 50.622 0.0
2 50.602 22.9 22.9 0.000874
3 50.858 8.8 31.7 0.000000
4 50.705 10.7 42.5 0.000000
5 53.385 11.5 54.0 0.000000
6 50.813 11.9 65.9 0.000000
7 51.075 10.3 76.2 0.000000
8 50.283 9.9 86.1 0.003936
9 50.210 10.7 96.8 0.004256
10 50.058 10.1 106.9 0.005276
11 50.206 10.3 117.2 0.003548
12 50.568 10.5 127.7 0.000423
13 52.774 16.1 143.8 0.000000
14 51.950 9.3 153.1 0.000000
15 49.957 12.3 165.5 0.004019
16 50.510 9.8 175.2 0.000639
17 50.134 9.8 185.1 0.002637
18 50.027 10.9 196.0 0.003036
19 50.458 9.5 205.5 0.000798
20 49.895 7.2 212.6 0.003419
21 49.615 3.3 215.9 0.004664
22 50.081 5.2 221.1 0.002447
23 50.332 5.9 227.0 0.001278
24 49.854 3.3 230.3 0.003335
25 50.127 1.0 231.3 0.002140
26 50.274 1.0 232.3 0.001498
27 50.358 1.0 233.3 0.001132
28 50.298 1.0 234.3 0.001383
29 49.801 1.0 235.3 0.003489
30 49.651 1.0 236.3 0.004110
31 49.658 1.0 237.3 0.004063
32 49.612 1.0 238.3 0.004239
33 49.975 1.0 239.3 0.002704
34 49.669 1.0 240.3 0.003966
35 49.522 1.0 241.3 0.004559
36 49.545 1.0 242.3 0.004445
37 50.180 1.0 243.3 0.001817
38 50.341 1.0 244.3 0.001150

Avg slope 0.002304880

Cross Section "1" at 100m U/S.

Distance Bed Level Bed H.F.L. H.F.L. Depth of Av. Water Horizonta Area (A) Vertical
Level Water Height l Height
Distance
(m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (Sqm) (m)

0.000 49.8170 49.817 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
10.487 49.6970 49.697 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 10.487 0.000 0.000
26.291 49.5770 49.577 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 15.804 0.000 0.000
37.323 49.6670 49.667 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 11.032 0.000 0.000
52.289 49.5570 49.557 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 14.966 0.000 0.000
65.451 49.6170 49.617 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 13.162 0.000 0.000
79.017 49.6470 49.647 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 13.565 0.000 0.000
94.500 49.2050 49.205 49.424 49.424 0.219 0.110 15.483 1.695 0.219
112.473 48.6370 48.637 49.424 49.424 0.787 0.503 17.973 9.041 0.568
130.946 48.6570 48.657 49.424 49.424 0.767 0.777 18.473 14.353 0.020
148.532 48.6570 48.657 49.424 49.424 0.767 0.767 17.587 13.489 0.000
165.954 48.7770 48.777 49.424 49.424 0.647 0.707 17.422 12.317 0.120
182.957 48.7770 48.777 49.424 49.424 0.647 0.647 17.003 11.001 0.000
200.835 48.7370 48.737 49.424 49.424 0.687 0.667 17.878 11.925 0.040
215.380 48.7870 48.787 49.424 49.424 0.637 0.662 14.544 9.628 0.050
228.809 48.7370 48.737 49.424 49.424 0.687 0.662 13.429 8.890 0.050
 238.393 49.3170 49.317 49.424 49.424 0.107 0.397 9.584 3.805 0.580
252.434 49.3070 49.307 49.424 49.424 0.117 0.112 14.041 1.573 0.010
254.340 49.3670 49.367 49.424 49.424 0.057 0.087 1.905 0.166 0.060
266.626 49.4670 49.467 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.029 12.286 0.350 0.057
278.516 49.4670 49.467 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 11.890 0.000 0.000
281.929 49.7170 49.717 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 3.413 0.000 0.000
286.539 49.6470 49.647 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 4.610 0.000 0.000
288.113 49.7970 49.797 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 1.575 0.000 0.000
290.730 49.7570 49.757 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 2.616 0.000 0.000
292.821 49.8170 49.817 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 2.091 0.000 0.000
300.822 49.6470 49.647 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 8.001 0.000 0.000
304.207 49.4970 49.497 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 3.385 0.000 0.000
309.631 49.5870 49.587 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 5.424 0.000 0.000
313.611 49.8270 49.827 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 3.980 0.000 0.000
316.690 49.5470 49.547 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 3.079 0.000 0.000
322.004 47.1770 47.177 49.424 49.424 2.247 1.124 5.314 5.971 2.247
326.578 47.3570 47.357 49.424 49.424 2.067 2.157 4.573 9.864 0.180
338.207 49.3370 49.337 49.424 49.424 0.087 1.077 11.630 12.525 1.980
345.239 49.5070 49.507 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.043 7.032 0.306 0.087
372.497 49.5370 49.537 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 27.258 0.000 0.000
391.646 49.3270 49.327 49.424 49.424 0.097 0.049 19.149 0.929 0.097
407.352 49.2770 49.277 49.424 49.424 0.147 0.122 15.706 1.916 0.050
419.640 49.7470 49.747 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.073 12.288 0.903 0.147
432.272 49.6970 49.697 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 12.632 0.000 0.000
445.959 49.7970 49.797 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 13.687 0.000 0.000
473.618 49.8570 49.857 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 27.659 0.000 0.000
502.003 49.3470 49.347 49.424 49.424 0.077 0.038 28.385 1.093 0.077

Total(A)= 131.740 Total(P)=

Minimum bed level= 47.177 m

Hydraulic mean Depth R=A/P 0.262 m
Bed Slope of Stream S = 0.00230
Rugosity Co-efficient(n) = 0.055

1.Discharge by Manning's Formula

R^(2/3)*S^(1/2)
Velocity V= ---------------------= 0.357 m/sec
n
Discharge (Q) =A x V = 47.095 cumec

Cross Section "2" at bridge site.

Distance Bed Level Bed H.F.L. H.F.L. Depth of Av. Water Horizonta Area (A) Vertical
Level Water Height l Height
Distance
(m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (Sqm) (m)

0.00 49.147 49.147 49.424 49.424 0.277 0.139 0.000 0.000 0.277
11.08 49.217 49.217 49.424 49.424 0.207 0.242 11.078 2.681 0.070
23.93 49.467 49.467 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.104 12.855 1.330 0.207
35.14 49.497 49.497 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 11.211 0.000 0.000
48.50 49.407 49.407 49.424 49.424 0.017 0.009 13.356 0.114 0.017
63.19 49.567 49.567 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.009 14.694 0.125 0.017
78.07 49.507 49.507 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 14.874 0.000 0.000
93.17 49.517 49.517 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 15.105 0.000 0.000
109.68 49.497 49.497 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 16.505 0.000 0.000
124.30 49.397 49.397 49.424 49.424 0.027 0.014 14.622 0.197 0.027
137.38 49.347 49.347 49.424 49.424 0.077 0.052 13.081 0.680 0.050
149.83 49.337 49.337 49.424 49.424 0.087 0.082 12.447 1.021 0.010
163.06 49.307 49.307 49.424 49.424 0.117 0.102 13.236 1.350 0.030
175.55 49.297 49.297 49.424 49.424 0.127 0.122 12.482 1.523 0.010
188.32 49.247 49.247 49.424 49.424 0.177 0.152 12.772 1.941 0.050
200.49 49.127 49.127 49.424 49.424 0.297 0.237 12.173 2.885 0.120
213.57 49.357 49.357 49.424 49.424 0.067 0.182 13.076 2.380 0.230
219.63 47.597 47.597 49.424 49.424 1.827 0.947 6.068 5.746 1.760
230.33 49.057 49.057 49.424 49.424 0.367 1.097 10.692 11.729 1.460
241.81 49.107 49.107 49.424 49.424 0.317 0.342 11.489 3.929 0.050
252.50 49.117 49.117 49.424 49.424 0.307 0.312 10.685 3.334 0.010
265.79 49.197 49.197 49.424 49.424 0.227 0.267 13.293 3.549 0.080
276.86 49.227 49.227 49.424 49.424 0.197 0.212 11.065 2.346 0.030
287.13 49.337 49.337 49.424 49.424 0.087 0.142 10.274 1.459 0.110
290.23 48.247 48.247 49.424 49.424 1.177 0.632 3.102 1.961 1.090
297.36 48.157 48.157 49.424 49.424 1.267 1.222 7.123 8.704 0.090
301.92 48.157 48.157 49.424 49.424 1.267 1.267 4.565 5.783 0.000
314.02 49.347 49.347 49.424 49.424 0.077 0.672 12.096 8.128 1.190
 333.57 49.477 49.477 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.038 19.554 0.753 0.077
346.20 49.427 49.427 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 12.628 0.000 0.000
359.91 49.437 49.437 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 13.714 0.000 0.000
373.96 49.467 49.467 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 14.053 0.000 0.000
387.70 49.447 49.447 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 13.737 0.000 0.000
401.36 49.637 49.637 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 13.659 0.000 0.000
416.02 49.687 49.687 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 14.654 0.000 0.000
426.67 49.647 49.647 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 10.654 0.000 0.000
Total(A)= 73.647 Total(P)=

Minimum bed level= 47.597 m

Hydraulic mean Depth R=A/P 0.177 m
Bed Slope of Stream S = 0.00230
Rugosity Co-efficient(n) = 0.055

1.Discharge by Manning's Formula

R^(2/3)*S^(1/2)
Velocity V= ---------------------= 0.275 m/sec
n
Discharge (Q) =A x V = 20.240 cumec

Cross Section "3" at 100m D/S.

Distance Bed Level Bed H.F.L. H.F.L. Depth of Av. Water Horizonta Area (A) Vertical
Level Water Height l Height
Distance
(m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (Sqm) (m)

0.00 49.087 49.087 49.424 49.424 0.337 0.168 0.000 0.000 0.337
26.81 49.477 49.477 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.168 26.812 4.518 0.337
53.54 49.497 49.497 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 26.728 0.000 0.000
65.93 49.501 49.501 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 12.387 0.000 0.000
91.80 49.317 49.317 49.424 49.424 0.107 0.053 25.873 1.384 0.107
104.23 49.427 49.427 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.053 12.427 0.665 0.107
115.58 49.387 49.387 49.424 49.424 0.037 0.018 11.350 0.210 0.037
127.21 49.477 49.477 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.018 11.636 0.215 0.037
137.65 49.567 49.567 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 10.442 0.000 0.000
147.98 49.597 49.597 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 10.321 0.000 0.000
158.67 49.667 49.667 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 10.689 0.000 0.000
170.40 49.697 49.697 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 11.735 0.000 0.000
182.24 49.797 49.797 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 11.841 0.000 0.000
192.65 49.787 49.787 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 10.410 0.000 0.000
199.64 49.867 49.867 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 6.991 0.000 0.000
209.05 49.797 49.797 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 9.410 0.000 0.000
219.53 47.997 47.997 49.424 49.424 1.427 0.714 10.478 7.476 1.427
221.20 49.857 49.857 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.714 1.665 1.188 1.427
232.73 47.287 47.287 49.424 49.424 2.137 1.069 11.531 12.321 2.137
245.22 47.177 47.177 49.424 49.424 2.247 2.192 12.489 27.375 0.110
248.07 47.177 47.177 49.424 49.424 2.247 2.247 2.857 6.419 0.000
263.07 47.977 47.977 49.424 49.424 1.447 1.847 14.999 27.704 0.800
271.90 48.067 48.067 49.424 49.424 1.357 1.402 8.825 12.372 0.090
282.19 48.207 48.207 49.424 49.424 1.217 1.287 10.289 13.242 0.140
293.61 48.741 48.741 49.424 49.424 0.683 0.950 11.429 10.858 0.534
302.84 49.437 49.437 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.342 9.226 3.151 0.683
312.80 49.467 49.467 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 9.957 0.000 0.000
321.94 49.617 49.617 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 9.143 0.000 0.000
334.37 49.827 49.827 49.424 49.424 0.000 0.000 12.430 0.000 0.000
341.92 48.567 48.567 49.424 49.424 0.857 0.429 7.547 3.234 0.857
350.79 48.457 48.457 49.424 49.424 0.967 0.912 8.870 8.089 0.110
359.98 49.147 49.147 49.424 49.424 0.277 0.622 9.187 5.715 0.690
364.11 49.297 49.297 49.424 49.424 0.127 0.202 4.134 0.835 0.150

Total(A)= 146.971 Total(P)=

Minimum bed level= 47.177 m
Hydraulic mean Depth R=A/P 0.402 m
Bed Slope of Stream S = 0.00230
Rugosity Co-efficient(n) = 0.055

1.Discharge by Manning's Formula

R^(2/3)*S^(1/2)
Velocity V= ---------------------= 0.476 m/sec
n
Discharge (Q) =A x V = 69.903 cumec
Maximum Discharge out of three section 69.903

Maximum Discharge 69.903

Design Discharge as per Clause 6.2.1 of IRC:SP:13:2004 = 3.143 m3/sec
Linear Waterway Calculations

HFL at bridge site (RL) = 49.424

Design discharge (Q) = 3.14 cumecs

Observed Natural Waterway(ONW) = 8.000 m

Linear Waterway Required From lacey Regime width = 8.51 m

Criteria W = 4.8* sqrt(Q) = 8.51 m

Effective Waterway, (EWW) = 8.000

Fluming Ratio, EWW/(lower of ONW & Lacey Waterway) = 0.940

As the fluming ratio is greater than 0.67 i.e 2/3 as per clause 2.2.5.2 of MOSRTH pocket book for bridge engineers
Hence, provided span is adequate

Scour Depth Calculations (without bed protection works)

The mean depth of scour 'dsm' shall be calculated below the HFL as per the provisions of Clause
No. 703.22.1 of IRC 78-1983.

dsm = 1.34 x (Db2/Ksf)1/3

where
Db = the discharge in Cumecs per metre width
Ksf = the silt factor = 0.4390

Highest flood level 49.424 m

Lower Bed Level 47.177 m

Design discharge
(after increasing the discharge by 30%) 4.086 cumecs

Design discharge adopted for scour calculations (Q) 4.086 cumecs

Clear waterway after making deductions for obstructions upto HFL(L) 8.000 m

Discharge per metre width Db =(Q/L) 0.511 m^2/sec

Normal scour depth dsm = 1.34 x (Db2/Ksf)1/3 1.126 m

Hence, dsm 1.126 m

Maximum scour depth at Abutment locations = (1.27 x dsm) 1.431 m

Maximum scour depth at Pier locations = (2 x dsm) 2.253 m

Maximum scour level for Abutment locations = (HFL - 1.27 x dsm) 47.993 m
Maximum scour level for Pier locations = (HFL - 2 x dsm) 47.171 m
 Minor Bridge at Chainage 555+085

Catchment Area obtained using Civil3D = 0.9602 Ha

As per clause 6.2.1 of IRC:SP:13:2004 Discharge shall be calculated from three different ways and highest of these values
should be taken provided it doesn't exceed the next higher value by more than 50 %.If it does, it should be restricted to
that limit

1. Discharge Calculation Using Dickens Formula,Q=CM^3/4

C(corresponding to annual rainfall of 120cm from IMD ) = 14 As per clause 4.2 of IRC:SP:13-2004

M, Catchment area in sq. Km = 0.009602 Sq. Km

Discharge as per Dickens formula = 0.429 m3/sec

2. Discharge Calculation Using Ryve,s Formula,Q=CM^2/3

C= 10 As per clause 4.3 of IRC:SP:13-2004

M, Catchment area in sq. Km = 0.009602 Sq. Km

Discharge as per Dickens formula = 0.452 m3/sec

3. Discharge Calculation using Rational Formula,Q=.028PfAIc

Co-efficient of run-off for the catchment characteristics, P= 0.6

Factor f depending on Area = 0.96

Crictical Intensity of rainfall in cm per hour for 50 years of return period = 5.9 cm/hr

Level difference between Highest point and point at the bridge site,H = 1.1 m

Length of Largest stream, L= 11 Km

Time of concentration,tc = (.87L^3/H)^.385 14.574 hrs

Critical Intensity of rainfall, Ic = F/T(T+1/tc+1) 0.758 cm/hr

Discharge,(Q)=.028PfAIc = 0.012 m3/sec

4. Discharge Calculated from slope area method

Calculation of Equivalent stream slope

As per clause 5.4 of IRC SP 13, the equivalent stream slope is the average bed slope measured over reasonably long stretch
For the purpose of calculation of equivalent stream slope the survey points are chosen at each cross section where the channel
deep and shall pass more amount of discharge. The Levels at these Survey Points were noted down.
The distance between these survey points was measured. The bed slope was measured for each section w.r.t the first location i.e.
cross section - 101. The bed slopes obtained for all sections was then averaged to obtained equivalent slope. The equivalent stream
slope is denoted as S .
the Detailed calculation are Shown below.
Calculation of Equivalent Slope

length
between
Cross section adjacent cumulativ
No. level sections e length slope
1 47.563 0.0
2 47.563 9.8 9.8 0.000000
3 47.583 9.2 19.0 0.000000
4 47.583 9.7 28.6 0.000000
5 47.573 10.2 38.9 0.000000
6 47.503 9.5 48.4 0.001239
7 47.513 9.1 57.5 0.000870
8 47.433 9.5 67.0 0.001941
9 47.333 10.7 77.6 0.002963
10 47.363 9.0 86.6 0.002309
11 47.403 11.1 97.7 0.001637
12 47.383 15.1 112.8 0.001595
13 47.443 11.8 124.6 0.000963
14 47.463 14.1 138.7 0.000721
15 47.463 10.8 149.5 0.000669
16 47.463 11.4 160.9 0.000621
17 47.543 11.0 171.9 0.000116
18 47.203 10.9 182.8 0.001969
19 46.906 34.3 217.1 0.003026
20 47.506 10.0 227.1 0.000251
21 47.326 6.1 233.2 0.001016
22 47.646 6.5 239.7 0.000000
23 48.096 5.4 245.1 0.000000
24 47.903 3.5 248.6 0.000000
25 47.463 5.2 253.8 0.000394
26 47.573 6.8 260.6 0.000000
27 47.583 8.2 268.7 0.000000
28 47.573 8.5 277.3 0.000000
29 47.813 8.6 285.8 0.000000
30 47.713 9.7 295.6 0.000000
31 47.653 9.6 305.2 0.000000
32 47.623 9.0 314.2 0.000000
33 47.523 20.5 334.7 0.000120
34 47.473 18.1 352.8 0.000255
35 47.473 16.1 368.8 0.000244

Avg slope 0.000674096

Cross Section "1" at 500m U/S.

Distance Bed Level Bed H.F.L. H.F.L. Depth of Av. Water Horizonta Area (A) Vertical
Level Water Height l Height
Distance
(m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (Sqm) (m)

0.000 49.2030 49.203 49.223 49.223 0.020 0.010 0.000 0.000 0.020
10.478 49.3430 49.343 49.223 49.223 0.000 0.010 10.478 0.105 0.020
26.180 49.3930 49.393 49.223 49.223 0.000 0.000 15.703 0.000 0.000
36.098 49.2830 49.283 49.223 49.223 0.000 0.000 9.918 0.000 0.000
50.384 47.5230 47.523 49.223 49.223 1.700 0.850 14.286 12.143 1.700
60.946 47.4530 47.453 49.223 49.223 1.770 1.735 10.562 18.324 0.070
75.117 47.5930 47.593 49.223 49.223 1.630 1.700 14.171 24.090 0.140
87.529 47.4930 47.493 49.223 49.223 1.730 1.680 12.412 20.852 0.100
98.671 47.4930 47.493 49.223 49.223 1.730 1.730 11.142 19.276 0.000
109.577 47.5830 47.583 49.223 49.223 1.640 1.685 10.906 18.376 0.090
119.840 47.6030 47.603 49.223 49.223 1.620 1.630 10.264 16.730 0.020
131.989 47.5630 47.563 49.223 49.223 1.660 1.640 12.148 19.924 0.040
143.655 47.7930 47.793 49.223 49.223 1.430 1.545 11.666 18.024 0.230
158.518 47.4530 47.453 49.223 49.223 1.770 1.600 14.863 23.781 0.340
 167.238 47.4930 47.493 49.223 49.223 1.730 1.750 8.720 15.260 0.040
181.046 47.3530 47.353 49.223 49.223 1.870 1.800 13.808 24.854 0.140
193.072 47.8830 47.883 49.223 49.223 1.340 1.605 12.026 19.302 0.530
203.270 47.5430 47.543 49.223 49.223 1.680 1.510 10.198 15.399 0.340
216.951 47.7530 47.753 49.223 49.223 1.470 1.575 13.680 21.547 0.210
227.963 47.6430 47.643 49.223 49.223 1.580 1.525 11.012 16.793 0.110
238.901 47.6730 47.673 49.223 49.223 1.550 1.565 10.938 17.118 0.030
251.684 47.5230 47.523 49.223 49.223 1.700 1.625 12.784 20.773 0.150
264.331 47.9330 47.933 49.223 49.223 1.290 1.495 12.646 18.906 0.410
277.948 48.8030 48.803 49.223 49.223 0.420 0.855 13.617 11.642 0.870
291.283 49.6130 49.613 49.223 49.223 0.000 0.210 13.335 2.800 0.420
303.926 49.5230 49.523 49.223 49.223 0.000 0.000 12.643 0.000 0.000
316.823 49.2830 49.283 49.223 49.223 0.000 0.000 12.897 0.000 0.000
328.842 49.2230 49.223 49.223 49.223 0.000 0.000 12.019 0.000 0.000
Total(A)= 376.021 Total(P)=

Minimum bed level= 47.353 m

Hydraulic mean Depth R=A/P 1.143 m
Bed Slope of Stream S = 0.00067
Rugosity Co-efficient(n) = 0.05

1.Discharge by Manning's Formula

R^(2/3)*S^(1/2)
Velocity V= ---------------------= 0.568 m/sec
n
Discharge (Q) =A x V = 213.428 cumec

Cross Section "2" at bridge site.

Distance Bed Level Bed H.F.L. H.F.L. Depth of Av. Water Horizonta Area (A) Vertical
Level Water Height l Height
Distance
(m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (Sqm) (m)

0.00 49.253 49.253 49.223 49.223 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
18.05 49.273 49.273 49.223 49.223 0.000 0.000 18.052 0.000 0.000
20.29 49.293 49.293 49.223 49.223 0.000 0.000 2.236 0.000 0.000
35.98 49.213 49.213 49.223 49.223 0.010 0.005 15.689 0.078 0.010
40.36 49.303 49.303 49.223 49.223 0.000 0.005 4.383 0.022 0.010
59.14 49.233 49.233 49.223 49.223 0.000 0.000 18.784 0.000 0.000
86.23 48.693 48.693 49.223 49.223 0.530 0.265 27.089 7.178 0.530
82.88 47.623 47.623 49.223 49.223 1.600 1.065 3.347 3.565 1.070
107.05 47.173 47.173 49.223 49.223 2.050 1.825 24.169 44.108 0.450
104.36 47.133 47.133 49.223 49.223 2.090 2.070 2.692 5.572 0.040
126.31 47.203 47.203 49.223 49.223 2.020 2.055 21.951 45.110 0.070
123.09 47.123 47.123 49.223 49.223 2.100 2.060 3.222 6.638 0.080
151.89 47.103 47.103 49.223 49.223 2.120 2.110 28.804 60.776 0.020
139.26 47.493 47.493 49.223 49.223 1.730 1.925 12.630 24.312 0.390
165.88 47.213 47.213 49.223 49.223 2.010 1.870 26.619 49.778 0.280
152.13 47.063 47.063 49.223 49.223 2.160 2.085 13.749 28.666 0.150
179.33 46.743 46.743 49.223 49.223 2.480 2.320 27.195 63.092 0.320
166.31 46.313 46.313 49.223 49.223 2.910 2.695 13.021 35.092 0.430
210.15 47.283 47.283 49.223 49.223 1.940 2.425 43.841 106.313 0.970
181.50 47.263 47.263 49.223 49.223 1.960 1.950 28.645 55.857 0.020
232.71 47.433 47.433 49.223 49.223 1.790 1.875 51.210 96.019 0.170
193.35 47.353 47.353 49.223 49.223 1.870 1.830 39.367 72.041 0.080
260.51 47.373 47.373 49.223 49.223 1.850 1.860 67.159 124.916 0.020
206.36 47.413 47.413 49.223 49.223 1.810 1.830 54.149 99.092 0.040
270.27 47.523 47.523 49.223 49.223 1.700 1.755 63.909 112.161 0.110
224.89 47.473 47.473 49.223 49.223 1.750 1.725 45.376 78.273 0.050
281.08 47.563 47.563 49.223 49.223 1.660 1.705 56.190 95.803 0.090
245.38 47.643 47.643 49.223 49.223 1.580 1.620 35.705 57.842 0.080
294.62 47.613 47.613 49.223 49.223 1.610 1.595 49.246 78.548 0.030
261.74 47.613 47.613 49.223 49.223 1.610 1.610 32.881 52.939 0.000
316.90 47.353 47.353 49.223 49.223 1.870 1.740 55.159 95.976 0.260
269.91 47.583 47.583 49.223 49.223 1.640 1.755 46.992 82.471 0.230
322.37 47.473 47.473 49.223 49.223 1.750 1.695 52.460 88.919 0.110
Total(A)= 1671.157 Total(P)=

Minimum bed level= 46.313 m

Hydraulic mean Depth R=A/P 1.695 m
Bed Slope of Stream S = 0.00067
Rugosity Co-efficient(n) = 0.05

1.Discharge by Manning's Formula

R^(2/3)*S^(1/2)
Velocity V= ---------------------= 0.738 m/sec
n
Discharge (Q) =A x V = 1233.480 cumec

Cross Section "4" at 500m D/S.

Distance Bed Level Bed H.F.L. H.F.L. Depth of Av. Water Horizonta Area (A) Vertical
Level Water Height l Height
Distance
(m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (Sqm) (m)

0.00 49.253 49.253 49.223 49.223 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
12.88 49.273 49.273 49.223 49.223 0.000 0.000 12.881 0.000 0.000
26.02 49.293 49.293 49.223 49.223 0.000 0.000 13.138 0.000 0.000
38.01 49.213 49.213 49.223 49.223 0.010 0.005 11.993 0.060 0.010
50.46 49.303 49.303 49.223 49.223 0.000 0.005 12.449 0.062 0.010
75.14 49.233 49.233 49.223 49.223 0.000 0.000 24.682 0.000 0.000
90.10 48.693 48.693 49.223 49.223 0.530 0.265 14.956 3.963 0.530
105.68 47.623 47.623 49.223 49.223 1.600 1.065 15.581 16.594 1.070
119.07 47.173 47.173 49.223 49.223 2.050 1.825 13.393 24.442 0.450
133.51 47.133 47.133 49.223 49.223 2.090 2.070 14.438 29.887 0.040
147.77 47.203 47.203 49.223 49.223 2.020 2.055 14.257 29.297 0.070
161.24 47.123 47.123 49.223 49.223 2.100 2.060 13.470 27.748 0.080
175.13 47.103 47.103 49.223 49.223 2.120 2.110 13.897 29.323 0.020
186.55 47.493 47.493 49.223 49.223 1.730 1.925 11.412 21.967 0.390
198.18 47.213 47.213 49.223 49.223 2.010 1.870 11.634 21.755 0.280
211.79 47.063 47.063 49.223 49.223 2.160 2.085 13.609 28.375 0.150
224.83 46.743 46.743 49.223 49.223 2.480 2.320 13.038 30.248 0.320
238.79 46.313 46.313 49.223 49.223 2.910 2.695 13.961 37.624 0.430
250.66 47.283 47.283 49.223 49.223 1.940 2.425 11.873 28.793 0.970
264.26 47.263 47.263 49.223 49.223 1.960 1.950 13.595 26.510 0.020
277.55 47.433 47.433 49.223 49.223 1.790 1.875 13.294 24.925 0.170
290.91 47.353 47.353 49.223 49.223 1.870 1.830 13.365 24.458 0.080
304.24 47.373 47.373 49.223 49.223 1.850 1.860 13.322 24.779 0.020
316.62 47.413 47.413 49.223 49.223 1.810 1.830 12.381 22.658 0.040
328.89 47.523 47.523 49.223 49.223 1.700 1.755 12.270 21.534 0.110
339.49 47.473 47.473 49.223 49.223 1.750 1.725 10.599 18.284 0.050
353.08 47.563 47.563 49.223 49.223 1.660 1.705 13.593 23.177 0.090
365.14 47.643 47.643 49.223 49.223 1.580 1.620 12.056 19.531 0.080
377.12 47.613 47.613 49.223 49.223 1.610 1.595 11.984 19.115 0.030
389.70 47.613 47.613 49.223 49.223 1.610 1.610 12.580 20.254 0.000
431.69 47.353 47.353 49.223 49.223 1.870 1.740 41.989 73.062 0.260
446.01 47.583 47.583 49.223 49.223 1.640 1.755 14.318 25.127 0.230
458.18 47.473 47.473 49.223 49.223 1.750 1.695 12.171 20.629 0.110
470.39 47.383 47.383 49.223 49.223 1.840 1.795 12.209 21.915 0.090
483.57 47.263 47.263 49.223 49.223 1.960 1.900 13.184 25.051 0.120
496.03 47.453 47.453 49.223 49.223 1.770 1.865 12.456 23.230 0.190
510.37 47.593 47.593 49.223 49.223 1.630 1.700 14.345 24.387 0.140
522.88 47.623 47.623 49.223 49.223 1.600 1.615 12.510 20.204 0.030
535.51 47.563 47.563 49.223 49.223 1.660 1.630 12.625 20.579 0.060
547.73 47.553 47.553 49.223 49.223 1.670 1.665 12.223 20.352 0.010
560.38 47.603 47.603 49.223 49.223 1.620 1.645 12.650 20.809 0.050
573.28 48.843 48.843 49.223 49.223 0.380 1.000 12.897 12.897 1.240
587.34 48.943 48.943 49.223 49.223 0.280 0.330 14.057 4.639 0.100
599.41 49.203 49.203 49.223 49.223 0.020 0.150 12.079 1.812 0.260
612.42 49.263 49.263 49.223 49.223 0.000 0.010 13.005 0.130 0.020
626.61 49.253 49.253 49.223 49.223 0.000 0.000 14.186 0.000 0.000
641.03 49.273 49.273 49.223 49.223 0.000 0.000 14.426 0.000 0.000

Total(A)= 890.185 Total(P)=

Minimum bed level= 46.313 m
Hydraulic mean Depth R=A/P 1.388 m
Bed Slope of Stream S = 0.00067
Rugosity Co-efficient(n) = 0.05

1.Discharge by Manning's Formula

R^(2/3)*S^(1/2)
Velocity V= ---------------------= 0.646 m/sec
n
Discharge (Q) =A x V = 575.246 cumec
Maximum Discharge out of three section 1233.480

Maximum Discharge 1233.480

Design Discharge as per Clause 6.2.1 of IRC:SP:13:2004 = 0.644 m3/sec
Linear Waterway Calculations

HFL at bridge site (RL) = 49.223

Design discharge (Q) = 0.64 cumecs

Observed Natural Waterway(ONW) = 12.000 m

Linear Waterway Required From lacey Regime width = 3.85 m

Criteria W = 4.8* sqrt(Q) = 3.85 m

Effective Waterway, (EWW) = 12.000

Fluming Ratio, EWW/(lower of ONW & Lacey Waterway) = 3.117

As the fluming ratio is greater than 0.67 i.e 2/3 as per clause 2.2.5.2 of MOSRTH pocket book for bridge engineers
Hence, provided span is adequate

Scour Depth Calculations (without bed protection works)

The mean depth of scour 'dsm' shall be calculated below the HFL as per the provisions of Clause
No. 703.22.1 of IRC 78-1983.

dsm = 1.34 x (Db2/Ksf)1/3

where
Db = the discharge in Cumecs per metre width
Ksf = the silt factor = 0.4480

Highest flood level 49.223 m

Lower Bed Level 46.313 m

Design discharge
(after increasing the discharge by 30%) 0.837 cumecs

Design discharge adopted for scour calculations (Q) 0.837 cumecs

Clear waterway after making deductions for obstructions upto HFL(L) 12.000 m

Discharge per metre width Db =(Q/L) 0.070 m^2/sec

Normal scour depth dsm = 1.34 x (Db2/Ksf)1/3 0.297 m

Hence, dsm 0.297 m

Maximum scour depth at Abutment locations = (1.27 x dsm) 0.377 m

Maximum scour depth at Pier locations = (2 x dsm) 0.594 m

Maximum scour level for Abutment locations = (HFL - 1.27 x dsm) 48.846 m
Maximum scour level for Pier locations = (HFL - 2 x d sm) 48.629 m
Afflux Calculation

The unobstructed width of stream, W 12.000 m

Linear waterway of the bridge, L 12.00 m

Discharge through the bridge by the Orifice formula, Q=Co(2g)^(1/2)LDd(h+(1+e)u2/2g)^1/2

L/W = 1.000

From Fig. 15.4 & Fig. 15.3 of IRC:SP:13-2004 value of Co & e for corresponding value of L/W= 0.811 is derived

Co = 0.97 , e= 0.1

Putting the value of Co, e, Dd, L, h, u, Q in the Orifice formula and evaluating, we get the equation

h+.100592u2 = 0.170347 --------(a)

Dd^3 -5.217 Dd^2 0.45167 0
Also, just upstream of the bridge

Q= W(Dd+h)u or h= (118.852/(95u)) -.971 --------(b)

Evaluating equation (a) & (b), We have

Velocity, u = 0.018447 m/sec

Substituting u in equation (b)

h= 0.0330 m

As the afflux h is less than 1/4(Dd), hence the afflux calculated by Orifice formula is 3.30 cm
Assume afflux 150mm
Hydraulic Calculation of Bridge
 ELEVATION=60m

CATCHMENT
AREA=337.3Km2

PROPOSED BRIDGE ELEVATION=51m

LOCATION
Catchment Area of Proposed Bridge
Catchment Area obtained By google Earth = 3373.35 Ha

1. Discharge Calculation using Rational Formula,Q=.028PfAIc

Co-efficient of run-off for the catchment characteristics, P= 0.4

Factor f depending on Area = 0.83

Crictical Intensity of rainfall in cm per hour for 50 years of return period = 10.23 cm/hr

Level difference between Highest point and point at the bridge site,H = 9m

Length of Largest stream, L= 13.00 Km

Time of concentration,tc = (.87L^3/H)^.385 7.869 hrs

Critical Intensity of rainfall, Ic = F/T(T+1/tc+1) 2.307 cm/hr

Discharge,(Q)=.028PfAIc = 72.339 m3/sec

2. Discharge Calculated from slope area method

Calculation of Equivalent stream slope

As per clause 5.4 of IRC SP 13, the equivalent stream slope is the average bed slope measured over reasonably long stretch
For the purpose of calculation of equivalent stream slope the survey points are chosen at each cross section where the channel
deep and shall pass more amount of discharge. The Levels at these Survey Points were noted down.
The distance between these survey points was measured. The bed slope was measured for each section w.r.t the first location i.e.
cross section - 101. The bed slopes obtained for all sections was then averaged to obtained equivalent slope. The equivalent stream
slope is denoted as S .
the Detailed calculation are Shown below.
Calculation of Equivalent Slope

length
Cross between cumulative
level (m) slope
section No. adjacent length(m)
sections
1 99.03 25.0 25.0
2 99.00 22.3 47.3 0.000634
3 98.97 28.7 76.1 0.000789
4 98.94 35.5 111.6 0.000807
5 98.92 46.5 158.0 0.000696
6 98.91 40.8 198.8 0.000604
7 98.90 38.6 237.4 0.000548
8 98.88 41.1 278.5 0.000539
9 98.85 40.8 319.3 0.000564
10 98.84 32.1 351.5 0.000541
11 98.82 0.0 351.5 0.000598
Avg slope 0.000631696
Fixing HFL
Design Discharge 72.34 Cumec
Regosity Coefficient 0.040
Assumed HFL 101.349 m
Cross Section at centreline

Distance Bed Level H.F.L. Depth of Av. Water Horizontal Area (A) Vertical Wetted
(m) (m) Water m Height m Distance m^2 Height m Perimeter
m (P) m

0.00 101.45 101.349 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

7.87 101.35 101.349 0.004 0.002 7.866 0.015 0.004 7.866
13.04 100.05 101.349 1.304 0.654 5.173 3.382 1.300 5.334
20.29 99.20 101.349 2.153 1.728 7.249 12.528 0.849 7.298
25.06 99.04 101.349 2.305 2.229 4.768 10.627 0.152 4.771
30.78 99.03 101.349 2.324 2.314 5.722 13.243 0.019 5.722
37.84 99.27 101.349 2.084 2.204 7.066 15.572 0.240 7.070
48.20 99.40 101.349 1.946 2.015 10.358 20.869 0.138 10.359
53.22 99.64 101.349 1.707 1.826 5.023 9.173 0.239 5.028
55.65 100.52 101.349 0.832 1.269 2.422 3.074 0.875 2.575
62.91 100.87 101.349 0.483 0.657 7.265 4.775 0.349 7.273
67.76 101.95 101.349 0.000 0.241 4.845 1.170 0.483 4.869
69.74 101.82 101.349 0.000 0.000 1.980 0.000 0.000 1.980
. Total(A)= 94.429 Total(P)= 70.145
C hannel B ed Level

CS at centreline
HFL
103

102

101

100

99

98

97
0 8 15 23 30 38 45 53 60 68 75

Chainage

Minimum bed level= 99.025 m

Hydraulic mean Depth R=A/P 1.346 m
1.Discharge by Manning's Formula
R^(2/3)*S^(1/2)
Velocity V= ---------------------= 0.766 m/sec
Discharge (Q) =A x V = 72.339 cumec
Linear Waterway Calculations

HFL at bridge site (RL) = 101.349

Design discharge (Q) = 72.34 cumecs

Velocity at site (V) = 0.766 m/sec

Observed Natural Waterway(ONW) = 26.89 m

Linear Waterway Required From lacey Regime width = 40.83 m

Criteria W = 4.8* sqrt(Q) = 40.83 m

Effective Waterway Provided, (EWW) = 41.68 m

Fluming Ratio, EWW/(lower of ONW & Lacey Waterway) = 1.021

Scour Depth Calculations (without bed protection works)

The mean depth of scour 'dsm' shall be calculated below the HFL as per the provisions of Clause
No. 703.22.1 of IRC 78-1983.
dsm = 1.34 x (Db2/Ksf)1/3
where
d50 = m= 0.7 -effective grain size for bed [Refer grain size distribution curve in geotechnical report]

Db = the discharge in Cumecs per metre width

Ksf = 1.76 √m (As per 7.1a, IRC:SP:13 -2004) 1.47

Highest flood level 101.349 m

Lower Bed Level 99.025 m

Hydraulic Mean Depth, R 0.000 m

Design discharge
(after increasing the discharge by 30%) 94.041 cumecs

Clear waterway after making deductions for obstructions upto HFL(L) 40.880 m

Discharge per metre width Db =(Q/L) 2.300 m^2/sec

Normal scour depth dsm = 1.34 x (Db2/Ksf)1/3 2.053 m

if width of channel is very wide wrt depth ,Normal Scour Depth to be considered for maximum scour depth calculation is maximum of R and dsm

Hence, dsm 2.053 m

Maximum scour depth at Abutment locations = (1.27 x dsm) 2.607 m

Maximum scour level for Abutment locations = (HFL - 1.27 x dsm) 98.742 m
Maximum scour level for Pier locations = (HFL - 2 x dsm) 97.244 m

Afflux Calculation

The unobstructed width of stream, W 26.890 m

Linear waterway of the bridge, L 40.88 m

 Minor Bridge at Chainage 558+880

Catchment Area obtained using Civil3D = 7.214 Ha

As per clause 6.2.1 of IRC:SP:13:2004 Discharge shall be calculated from three different ways and highest of these values
should be taken provided it doesn't exceed the next higher value by more than 50 %.If it does, it should be restricted to
that limit

1. Discharge Calculation Using Dickens Formula,Q=CM^3/4

C(corresponding to annual rainfall of 120cm from IMD ) = 14 As per clause 4.2 of IRC:SP:13-2004

M, Catchment area in sq. Km = 0.07214 Sq. Km

Discharge as per Dickens formula = 1.949 m3/sec

2. Discharge Calculation Using Ryve,s Formula,Q=CM^2/3

C= 10 As per clause 4.3 of IRC:SP:13-2004

M, Catchment area in sq. Km = 0.07214 Sq. Km

Discharge as per Dickens formula = 1.733 m3/sec

3. Discharge Calculation using Rational Formula,Q=.028PfAIc

Co-efficient of run-off for the catchment characteristics, P= 0.3

Factor f depending on Area = 1

Crictical Intensity of rainfall in cm per hour for 50 years of return period = 5.9 cm/hr

Level difference between Highest point and point at the bridge site,H = 0.8 m

Length of Largest stream, L= 0.309 Km

Time of concentration,tc = (.87L^3/H)^.385 0.266 hrs

Critical Intensity of rainfall, Ic = F/T(T+1/tc+1) 9.320 cm/hr

Discharge,(Q)=.028PfAIc = 0.565 m3/sec

4. Discharge Calculated from slope area method

Calculation of Equivalent stream slope

As per clause 5.4 of IRC SP 13, the equivalent stream slope is the average bed slope measured over reasonably long stretch
For the purpose of calculation of equivalent stream slope the survey points are chosen at each cross section where the channel
deep and shall pass more amount of discharge. The Levels at these Survey Points were noted down.
The distance between these survey points was measured. The bed slope was measured for each section w.r.t the first location i.e.
cross section - 101. The bed slopes obtained for all sections was then averaged to obtained equivalent slope. The equivalent stream
slope is denoted as S .
the Detailed calculation are Shown below.
Calculation of Equivalent Slope

length
between
Cross section adjacent cumulativ
No. level sections e length slope
1 46.300 0.0
2 46.380 11.8 11.8 0.000000
3 46.280 12.2 24.0 0.000832
4 46.300 10.9 34.9 0.000000
5 46.350 11.9 46.8 0.000000
6 46.250 11.6 58.4 0.000856
7 46.320 11.5 69.9 0.000000
8 46.280 11.8 81.7 0.000245
9 46.270 11.2 93.0 0.000323
10 46.250 8.9 101.8 0.000491
11 46.280 3.6 105.5 0.000190
12 46.290 7.1 112.6 0.000089
13 46.290 0.0 112.6 0.000089
14 46.350 4.2 116.8 0.000000
15 46.350 0.0 116.8 0.000000
16 46.230 9.3 126.1 0.000555
17 46.280 10.3 136.4 0.000147
18 45.440 35.0 171.4 0.005017
19 46.260 9.7 181.1 0.000221
20 46.310 9.7 190.8 0.000000
21 46.590 10.4 201.2 0.000000
22 46.590 10.5 211.7 0.000000
23 46.550 10.7 222.4 0.000000
24 46.490 20.9 243.3 0.000000
25 46.460 11.2 254.5 0.000000
26 46.300 12.4 266.9 0.000000
27 46.540 11.6 278.5 0.000000
28 46.630 16.4 295.0 0.000000
29 47.050 11.9 306.9 0.000000
30 47.090 11.9 318.8 0.000000
31 46.730 12.1 330.9 0.000000
32 46.670 14.3 345.2 0.000000

Avg slope 0.000292018

Cross Section "1" at 500m U/S.

Distance Bed Level Bed H.F.L. H.F.L. Depth of Av. Water Horizonta Area (A) Vertical
Level Water Height l Height
Distance
(m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (Sqm) (m)

0.000 48.4000 48.400 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
12.558 48.3800 48.380 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.000 12.558 0.000 0.000
25.236 48.3700 48.370 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.000 12.678 0.000 0.000
38.239 47.6100 47.610 48.210 48.210 0.600 0.300 13.003 3.901 0.600
50.971 46.3300 46.330 48.210 48.210 1.880 1.240 12.733 15.789 1.280
62.856 46.4600 46.460 48.210 48.210 1.750 1.815 11.885 21.571 0.130
74.916 46.2800 46.280 48.210 48.210 1.930 1.840 12.060 22.191 0.180
87.232 46.2800 46.280 48.210 48.210 1.930 1.930 12.315 23.769 0.000
100.133 46.3000 46.300 48.210 48.210 1.910 1.920 12.901 24.770 0.020
113.351 46.2700 46.270 48.210 48.210 1.940 1.925 13.218 25.444 0.030
127.175 46.2800 46.280 48.210 48.210 1.930 1.935 13.824 26.750 0.010
141.167 46.2200 46.220 48.210 48.210 1.990 1.960 13.992 27.425 0.060
155.027 46.2100 46.210 48.210 48.210 2.000 1.995 13.859 27.649 0.010
168.921 46.2700 46.270 48.210 48.210 1.940 1.970 13.895 27.373 0.060
196.173 46.1400 46.140 48.210 48.210 2.070 2.005 27.251 54.639 0.130
210.151 46.0900 46.090 48.210 48.210 2.120 2.095 13.978 29.285 0.050
223.467 46.2100 46.210 48.210 48.210 2.000 2.060 13.315 27.430 0.120
237.761 46.0900 46.090 48.210 48.210 2.120 2.060 14.295 29.447 0.120
251.642 46.1900 46.190 48.210 48.210 2.020 2.070 13.881 28.733 0.100
264.816 46.1900 46.190 48.210 48.210 2.020 2.020 13.174 26.611 0.000
278.102 46.1700 46.170 48.210 48.210 2.040 2.030 13.286 26.970 0.020
290.820 46.2300 46.230 48.210 48.210 1.980 2.010 12.718 25.564 0.060
304.507 46.2400 46.240 48.210 48.210 1.970 1.975 13.687 27.032 0.010
317.384 46.2800 46.280 48.210 48.210 1.930 1.950 12.877 25.110 0.040
330.342 46.2800 46.280 48.210 48.210 1.930 1.930 12.958 25.008 0.000
351.696 46.2200 46.220 48.210 48.210 1.990 1.960 21.354 41.854 0.060
363.576 46.2200 46.220 48.210 48.210 1.990 1.990 11.881 23.642 0.000
371.026 46.3000 46.300 48.210 48.210 1.910 1.950 7.450 14.527 0.080
385.405 46.3300 46.330 48.210 48.210 1.880 1.895 14.379 27.248 0.030
395.398 46.4500 46.450 48.210 48.210 1.760 1.820 9.992 18.186 0.120
408.937 46.4100 46.410 48.210 48.210 1.800 1.780 13.539 24.100 0.040
423.205 46.4500 46.450 48.210 48.210 1.760 1.780 14.268 25.398 0.040
435.400 46.4700 46.470 48.210 48.210 1.740 1.750 12.194 21.340 0.020
447.825 46.4300 46.430 48.210 48.210 1.780 1.760 12.425 21.868 0.040
460.546 46.4500 46.450 48.210 48.210 1.760 1.770 12.721 22.517 0.020
472.750 46.4400 46.440 48.210 48.210 1.770 1.765 12.204 21.540 0.010
483.979 46.5300 46.530 48.210 48.210 1.680 1.725 11.230 19.371 0.090
495.991 46.5300 46.530 48.210 48.210 1.680 1.680 12.012 20.180 0.000
507.237 46.5000 46.500 48.210 48.210 1.710 1.695 11.246 19.063 0.030
531.019 46.5100 46.510 48.210 48.210 1.700 1.705 23.782 40.548 0.010
542.466 46.5900 46.590 48.210 48.210 1.620 1.660 11.447 19.001 0.080
553.636 46.6400 46.640 48.210 48.210 1.570 1.595 11.171 17.817 0.050
565.811 46.5000 46.500 48.210 48.210 1.710 1.640 12.175 19.966 0.140
577.072 46.6100 46.610 48.210 48.210 1.600 1.655 11.261 18.637 0.110
594.092 46.6300 46.630 48.210 48.210 1.580 1.590 17.020 27.061 0.020
612.714 46.6100 46.610 48.210 48.210 1.600 1.590 18.622 29.609 0.020
625.619 46.6500 46.650 48.210 48.210 1.560 1.580 12.905 20.391 0.040
638.902 46.6600 46.660 48.210 48.210 1.550 1.555 13.283 20.655 0.010
650.878 46.6800 46.680 48.210 48.210 1.530 1.540 11.975 18.442 0.020
661.535 46.6900 46.690 48.210 48.210 1.520 1.525 10.658 16.253 0.010
671.991 46.7000 46.700 48.210 48.210 1.510 1.515 10.456 15.841 0.010
683.100 46.7100 46.710 48.210 48.210 1.500 1.505 11.109 16.718 0.010
696.156 46.5000 46.500 48.210 48.210 1.710 1.605 13.056 20.955 0.210
708.215 47.5100 47.510 48.210 48.210 0.700 1.205 12.059 14.531 1.010
720.958 47.5970 47.597 48.210 48.210 0.613 0.657 12.742 8.365 0.087
733.662 48.5200 48.520 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.307 12.705 3.894 0.613
744.520 48.5200 48.520 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.000 10.858 0.000 0.000
757.070 48.5200 48.520 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.000 12.550 0.000 0.000
769.776 48.5300 48.530 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.000 12.706 0.000 0.000
781.514 48.5300 48.530 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.000 11.738 0.000 0.000

Total(A)= 1221.980 Total(P)=

Minimum bed level= 46.090 m
Hydraulic mean Depth R=A/P 1.563 m
Bed Slope of Stream S = 0.00029
Rugosity Co-efficient(n) = 0.05

1.Discharge by Manning's Formula

R^(2/3)*S^(1/2)
Velocity V= ---------------------= 0.460 m/sec
n
Discharge (Q) =A x V = 562.553 cumec

Cross Section "2" at bridge site.

Distance Bed Level Bed H.F.L. H.F.L. Depth of Av. Water Horizonta Area (A) Vertical
Level Water Height l Height
Distance
(m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (Sqm) (m)

0.00 48.5 48.500 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
9.24 48.48 48.480 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.000 9.236 0.000 0.000
15.89 47.25 47.250 48.210 48.210 0.960 0.480 6.657 3.196 0.960
23.78 47.18 47.180 48.210 48.210 1.030 0.995 7.889 7.850 0.070
30.63 46.26 46.260 48.210 48.210 1.950 1.490 6.843 10.196 0.920
36.82 46.4 46.400 48.210 48.210 1.810 1.880 6.197 11.651 0.140
46.39 46.26 46.260 48.210 48.210 1.950 1.880 9.568 17.987 0.140
53.84 46.44 46.440 48.210 48.210 1.770 1.860 7.450 13.857 0.180
61.95 46.38 46.380 48.210 48.210 1.830 1.800 8.112 14.601 0.060
79.36 46.27 46.270 48.210 48.210 1.940 1.885 17.412 32.821 0.110
90.88 46.47 46.470 48.210 48.210 1.740 1.840 11.515 21.188 0.200
104.61 46.42 46.420 48.210 48.210 1.790 1.765 13.727 24.228 0.050
117.35 46.45 46.450 48.210 48.210 1.760 1.775 12.749 22.629 0.030
129.15 46.52 46.520 48.210 48.210 1.690 1.725 11.798 20.351 0.070
140.84 46.44 46.440 48.210 48.210 1.770 1.730 11.686 20.216 0.080
140.84 46.44 46.440 48.210 48.210 1.770 1.770 0.000 0.000 0.000
153.25 46.36 46.360 48.210 48.210 1.850 1.810 12.415 22.472 0.080
165.16 46.31 46.310 48.210 48.210 1.900 1.875 11.903 22.318 0.050
178.16 46.37 46.370 48.210 48.210 1.840 1.870 13.003 24.316 0.060
190.67 46.36 46.360 48.210 48.210 1.850 1.845 12.508 23.078 0.010
207.29 46.31 46.310 48.210 48.210 1.900 1.875 16.620 31.163 0.050
221.17 46.56 46.560 48.210 48.210 1.650 1.775 13.880 24.637 0.250
234.67 46.65 46.650 48.210 48.210 1.560 1.605 13.501 21.669 0.090
247.33 46.39 46.390 48.210 48.210 1.820 1.690 12.662 21.398 0.260
259.61 46.44 46.440 48.210 48.210 1.770 1.795 12.276 22.036 0.050
271.58 46.47 46.470 48.210 48.210 1.740 1.755 11.969 21.006 0.030
285.03 46.37 46.370 48.210 48.210 1.840 1.790 13.459 24.091 0.100
297.72 46.36 46.360 48.210 48.210 1.850 1.845 12.684 23.402 0.010
310.01 46.38 46.380 48.210 48.210 1.830 1.840 12.290 22.613 0.020
323.09 46.36 46.360 48.210 48.210 1.850 1.840 13.086 24.078 0.020
351.78 46.56 46.560 48.210 48.210 1.650 1.750 28.682 50.194 0.200
363.60 46.61 46.610 48.210 48.210 1.600 1.625 11.826 19.218 0.050
376.69 46.65 46.650 48.210 48.210 1.560 1.580 13.091 20.684 0.040
391.31 46.7 46.700 48.210 48.210 1.510 1.535 14.619 22.440 0.050
405.23 46.7 46.700 48.210 48.210 1.510 1.510 13.917 21.015 0.000
419.70 46.43 46.430 48.210 48.210 1.780 1.645 14.471 23.804 0.270
434.69 46.58 46.580 48.210 48.210 1.630 1.705 14.987 25.553 0.150
448.22 46.76 46.760 48.210 48.210 1.450 1.540 13.537 20.847 0.180
460.41 47.95 47.950 48.210 48.210 0.260 0.855 12.183 10.416 1.190
475.65 48.51 48.510 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.130 15.239 1.981 0.260
491.07 48.2 48.200 48.210 48.210 0.010 0.005 15.419 0.077 0.010
503.95 48.27 48.270 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.005 12.888 0.064 0.010
512.98 48.34 48.340 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.000 9.031 0.000 0.000
528.65 48.42 48.420 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.000 15.661 0.000 0.000
Total(A)= 765.341 Total(P)=
Minimum bed level= 46.260 m
Hydraulic mean Depth R=A/P 1.447 m
Bed Slope of Stream S = 0.00029
Rugosity Co-efficient(n) = 0.05

1.Discharge by Manning's Formula

R^(2/3)*S^(1/2)
Velocity V= ---------------------= 0.437 m/sec
n
Discharge (Q) =A x V = 334.658 cumec

Cross Section "3" at 500m D/S.

Distance Bed Level Bed H.F.L. H.F.L. Depth of Av. Water Horizonta Area (A) Vertical
Level Water Height l Height
Distance
(m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (Sqm) (m)

0.00 48.27 48.270 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
12.09 48.1 48.100 48.210 48.210 0.110 0.055 12.089 0.665 0.110
24.90 48.52 48.520 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.055 12.814 0.705 0.110
41.73 47.17 47.170 48.210 48.210 1.040 0.520 16.831 8.752 1.040
56.19 48.64 48.640 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.520 14.456 7.517 1.040
73.16 48.45 48.450 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.000 16.968 0.000 0.000
89.75 48.34 48.340 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.000 16.588 0.000 0.000
106.95 48.31 48.310 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.000 17.204 0.000 0.000
122.72 47.83 47.830 48.210 48.210 0.380 0.190 15.767 2.996 0.380
136.02 48.05 48.050 48.210 48.210 0.160 0.270 13.304 3.592 0.220
150.44 46.43 46.430 48.210 48.210 1.780 0.970 14.423 13.990 1.620
165.67 46.69 46.690 48.210 48.210 1.520 1.650 15.225 25.122 0.260
179.14 46.71 46.710 48.210 48.210 1.500 1.510 13.470 20.340 0.020
192.52 46.77 46.770 48.210 48.210 1.440 1.470 13.384 19.674 0.060
202.22 46.78 46.780 48.210 48.210 1.430 1.435 9.694 13.911 0.010
213.00 46.84 46.840 48.210 48.210 1.370 1.400 10.786 15.100 0.060
225.89 46.72 46.720 48.210 48.210 1.490 1.430 12.889 18.432 0.120
239.46 46.8 46.800 48.210 48.210 1.410 1.450 13.572 19.679 0.080
254.16 46.65 46.650 48.210 48.210 1.560 1.485 14.695 21.822 0.150
274.45 46.73 46.730 48.210 48.210 1.480 1.520 20.288 30.837 0.080
289.67 46.68 46.680 48.210 48.210 1.530 1.505 15.223 22.911 0.050
305.39 46.69 46.690 48.210 48.210 1.520 1.525 15.724 23.980 0.010
313.90 46.62 46.620 48.210 48.210 1.590 1.555 8.510 13.233 0.070
333.19 46.67 46.670 48.210 48.210 1.540 1.565 19.288 30.186 0.050
358.26 47.1 47.100 48.210 48.210 1.110 1.325 25.066 33.212 0.430
368.84 47.31 47.310 48.210 48.210 0.900 1.005 10.577 10.630 0.210
397.05 47.34 47.340 48.210 48.210 0.870 0.885 28.213 24.969 0.030
416.47 47.43 47.430 48.210 48.210 0.780 0.825 19.423 16.024 0.090
431.58 47.49 47.490 48.210 48.210 0.720 0.750 15.106 11.330 0.060
449.39 48.22 48.220 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.360 17.811 6.412 0.720
461.54 48.53 48.530 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.000 12.148 0.000 0.000
473.95 48.4 48.400 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.000 12.419 0.000 0.000
486.55 48.57 48.570 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.000 12.594 0.000 0.000
501.53 48.56 48.560 48.210 48.210 0.000 0.000 14.984 0.000 0.000
517.51 47.63 47.630 48.210 48.210 0.580 0.290 15.973 4.632 0.580

Total(A)= 420.651 Total(P)=

Minimum bed level= 46.430 m
Hydraulic mean Depth R=A/P 0.813 m
Bed Slope of Stream S = 0.00029
Rugosity Co-efficient(n) = 0.05

1.Discharge by Manning's Formula

R^(2/3)*S^(1/2)
Velocity V= ---------------------= 0.298 m/sec
n
Discharge (Q) =A x V = 125.184 cumec
Maximum Discharge out of three section 562.553

Maximum Discharge 562.553

Design Discharge as per Clause 6.2.1 of IRC:SP:13:2004 = 2.923 m3/sec
Linear Waterway Calculations

HFL at bridge site (RL) = 56.338

Design discharge (Q) = 2.92 cumecs

Observed Natural Waterway(ONW) = 62.350 m

Linear Waterway Required From lacey Regime width = 8.21 m

Criteria W = 4.8* sqrt(Q) = 8.21 m

Effective Waterway, (EWW) = 59.95

Fluming Ratio, EWW/(lower of ONW & Lacey Waterway) = 7.302

As the fluming ratio is greater than 0.67 i.e 2/3 as per clause 2.2.5.2 of MOSRTH pocket book for bridge engineers
Hence, provided span is adequate

Scour Depth Calculations (without bed protection works)

The mean depth of scour 'dsm' shall be calculated below the HFL as per the provisions of Clause
No. 703.22.1 of IRC 78-1983.

dsm = 1.34 x (Db2/Ksf)1/3

where
Db = the discharge in Cumecs per metre width
Ksf = the silt factor = 0.8950

Highest flood level 56.338 m

Lower Bed Level 51.088 m

Design discharge
(after increasing the discharge by 30%) 3.800 cumecs

Design discharge adopted for scour calculations (Q) 3.800 cumecs

Clear waterway after making deductions for obstructions upto HFL(L) 59.950 m

Discharge per metre width Db =(Q/L) 0.063 m^2/sec

Normal scour depth dsm = 1.34 x (Db2/Ksf)1/3 0.221 m

Hence, dsm 0.221 m

Maximum scour depth at Abutment locations = (1.27 x dsm) 0.281 m

Maximum scour depth at Pier locations = (2 x dsm) 0.442 m

Maximum scour level for Abutment locations = (HFL - 1.27 x dsm) 56.057 m
Maximum scour level for Pier locations = (HFL - 2 x d sm) 55.896 m
Afflux Calculation

The unobstructed width of stream, W 62.350 m

Linear waterway of the bridge, L 59.95 m

Discharge through the bridge by the Orifice formula, Q=Co(2g)^(1/2)LDd(h+(1+e)u2/2g)^1/2

L/W = 0.962

From Fig. 15.4 & Fig. 15.3 of IRC:SP:13-2004 value of Co & e for corresponding value of L/W= 0.811 is derived

Co = 0.97 , e= 0.1

Putting the value of Co, e, Dd, L, h, u, Q in the Orifice formula and evaluating, we get the equation

h+.100592u2 = 0.170347 --------(a)

Dd^3 -5.217 Dd^2 0.45167 0
Also, just upstream of the bridge

Q= W(Dd+h)u or h= (118.852/(95u)) -.971 --------(b)

Evaluating equation (a) & (b), We have

Velocity, u = 0.00893 m/sec

Substituting u in equation (b)

h= 0.0330 m

As the afflux h is less than 1/4(Dd), hence the afflux calculated by Orifice formula is 3.30 cm
Assume afflux 150mm