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Topic 4 Reasoning and Problem Solving
Topic 4 Reasoning and Problem Solving
1 2 3 4 5
Solution:
The pattern consists of squares with one – fourth shaded and the
section shaded is rotated in a clockwise direction. We conjecture that the
next 3 figures are as shown in the next page.
6 7 8
Example 2: Find the next three terms in the sequence 2, 4,
8, 16, . . . .
Solution:
Study the pattern in the sequence
2 4 8 16
Solution:
Let n represent the original number.
Add I to the number: n+1
Multiply the result by one less than the number:
( n + 1 )( n – 1 ) = n2 – 1
4. When James did not eat lunch, he must not feel well.
Answers:
1. You could be using the Internet on a computer at an
Internet café.
2. x = 0.5 and y = 0.5.
3. Consider x = 3.
Difference: 3 3 3 3 3
If n = 1: a1 = 3 (3x1)
If n = 2: a2 = 6 (3x2)
If n = 3: a3 = 9 (3x3)
L = W +14
Carry out the plan:
Since the perimeter is given to be 68 inches, an equation can be
formed. The perimeter of a rectangle is equal to the total sum s
of its sides. Let P be the perimeter. Therefore P = 2W + 2L or
P = 2W + 2(W + 14) and substituting the given values, we have
68 = 2W + 2W + 28 , solving for W
W = 10 inches. Next, solve for L using L=W + 14.
L = 10 + 14 = 24 inches.
Review :
The perimeter of the rectangle is 68 inches.
P = 2(10) + 2(24)
P = 20 + 48
P = 68 inches
Example 2:
Tiffany has P 3.05, in 5 centavo and 10 centavo coins. If
there are 19 more 5 centavo coins than 10 centavo coins,
how many coins of each kind does she have?
Solution:
Understand the problem:
We are asked for the number of 5 centavos and 10 centavos
such that the total amount is P 3.05 and the 5 centavos is
19 more than the 10 centavos.
Devise a plan:
Represent x = the number of 10 centavos and x + 19 = the number of 5
centavos then write an equation for the total amount.