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Y3 Module 3 Drafting Electrical and Electronic Layout and Details PDF Free
Y3 Module 3 Drafting Electrical and Electronic Layout and Details PDF Free
Department of Education
PUBLIC TECHNICAL-VOCATIONAL
HIGH SCHOOLS
PUBLIC TECHNICAL-VOCATIONAL
HIGH SCHOOLS
Module No.: 3 Module Title: Drafting Electrical and Electronic Layout and
Details
Table of Contents
The learning activity page gives the sequence of the learning task. This
page serves as the road map in achieving the desired objectives.
When you are able to accomplish all the tasks required, a post
assessment is given to check if you are already competent with the specified
learning outcome/s and ready for the next task.
INTRODUCTION:
One must realize that electrical and electronic drafting is one of the
most rapidly evolving technologies of the modern age. Electrical drafting is
the transmission and use of electrical power, whether for industry, business
or home. Typical components are generators, controls, transmission of
networks, lighting, heating and cooling systems. Electronic drafting involves
circuits of products such as radios, TVs, guidance system, radars,
computers and others.
1
TECHNICAL TERMS
2
Service drop are overhead service conductors between the last pole or other
aerial support to and including the slicer, if any, to the service entrance
conductors at the building walls, where joined by tap or splice to the service
drop.
Service raceway is a rigid metal conductor, electrical metallic tubing, or
other raceway, that encloses the service entrance conductors.
Switch: General use switch is a switch intended for use in general
distribution and branch circuits. It is rated in ampere, and it is capable of
interrupting its rated current at its rated voltage.
Switchboard is a large single panel, frame or assembly of panels, on which
are mounted on the face or back or both switches, over-current and other
protective devices; buses and usually instruments.
Utilization equipment is equipment which utilizes electric energy for
mechanical, chemical heating, lighting, or similar useful purposes.
Voltage to the ground is the voltage between the given conductor and the
conductor which is grounded.
Weatherproof refers to the state of being so constructed or protected that
exposure to the weather will not interfere its successful operation.
3
Program/Course : Drafting Technology
Assessment Criteria:
References:
Donald Hepler, Paul Wallach. Architecture Drafting and Design, Mcgraw hill
Book Co. 1987
Maton, Anthea and Hopkins, Jean. Physical Science, Prentice Hall Book Co.,
1995
4
LEARNING EXPERIENCES/ ACTIVITIES
6
INFORMATION SHEET # 1.1
Electric Charge
7
Resistance of the object depends on four factors: 1) length, 2)
cross-sectional area, 3) resistivity of material and 4) temperature.
Cross-sectional
area
Material
Temperature
Ohm’s Law
Although the three electrical quantities: current, voltage and
resistance, are used differently, they are related to each other. This
relationship is known as Ohm’s Law . It is stated as, current is directly
proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the
resistance. It is expressed by the equation:
V V
I = R from this equation , V -= IR and R = I
8
Alternating current (AC) is the movement (or flow) of electric charge
which periodically in reverses direction. An electric charge for instance
would move forward, then backward, and vice versa. In direct current (DC),
the movement or flow of electric charge is only in one direction. Audio and
radio signals carried on electrical wires are examples of alternating current.
Electrical Circuits
There are two types of circuits, namely series circuit and parallel
circuit. A series circuit has two or more loads but current flows through a
single conducting path, while a parallel circuit has more than one path for
current to flow.
9
OPERATION SHEET # 1.1
10
LO1. Draft electrical plans and layouts
Direction: Based on what you have learned today, connect the bulbs, switch
and dry cell in series and parallel circuits.
SERIES CIRCUIT
PARALLEL CIRCUIT
11
LO1. Draft electrical plans and layouts
Test I.
Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct answers and write it on a
separate sheet of paper.
Write true if the statement is correct, if not, change the underlined word/
words to make the statement correct.
12
INFORMATION SHEET # 1.2
Electrical Legend
Service Entrance
M Meco Meters
Panel Board
Circuit Breaker
Eaves Light
EL
PL Pin light
Convenience outlet
13
Range outlet
R
T Telephone outlet
Circuit Homerun
1. The electrical works shall comply with all the provisions of the
Philippine Electrical Code and with the rules and regulations of local
power company.
2. Unless otherwise specified, wiring shall be done with PVC pipe or local
made; minimum size shall be ½ "Ø trade sizes.
3. Electric meters installed by the power utility company are supplied
and installed by the power utility company.
4. The Philippine Electrical Code provides that only professional
engineers can sign electrical plans.
5. Samples of materials to be used shall be submitted to the
construction engineering office for approval before execution of the
work.
6. Smallest size of the wire to be used shall be 12TW wire unless
otherwise specified.
7. The minimum size of electric wire for service entrance is number 8
AWG.
14
OPERATION SHEET # 1.2
SERIES CIRCUIT
PARALLEL CIRCUIT
15
SELF-CHECK # 1.2
1. 6.
2. 7. R
3. 8.
A.C.
4. M 9. S
5. 10.
16
INFORMATION SHEET # 1.3
Lighting
Planning for sufficient lighting involves the light, eye and the object.
Whether planning lighting for a residence or for a large commercial building,
the same design factors must be considered. One must consider how much
light is needed, what type has the best quality and how should the light be
distributed.
17
Light Measurements
Lighting Methods
Electrical Fixtures
The average two-bedroom home should have between 24 and 35 light
fixtures. It should also have from 16 to 20 floor, table or wall lamps.
There are three groups of light fixtures namely, ceiling fixtures, wall fixtures
and portable plug-ins.
18
General Rules to Observe in Illumination Planning
19
6. The entrance and hallway require a high level of general and
decorative lighting.
7. Traffic areas require a high level of general lighting for safety.
8. Television viewing requires a very low level of general lighting.
Television should not be viewed in the dark because the strong
contrasts of dark room and bright screen are tiring to the eyes.
9. Reading and desk areas require a high level of general light and
specific light that is diffused and glareless. There should be no
shadow.
10. Outdoor lighting is accomplished by waterproof floodlights and
spotlights. Extensive outdoor lighting will provide convenience, beauty
and safety. Areas that could be illuminated are the landscaping, game
areas, barbecue area, patio, garden, front of picture window, pools and
driveways.
20
OPERATION SHEET # 1.3
21
SELF CHECK # 1.3
IDENTIFICATION
Directions: Identify the attribute being described by each statement. Choose
from the pool of words below. Write your answer on a sheet of paper.
22
INFORMATION SHEET # 1.4
23
Wiring
Service parts include all the wiring and apparatus needed to bring
electricity into building. Branch circuits distribute the electricity
throughout the structure.
Wire used in both service and branch circuit is made of one or more
strands of metal, either copper or aluminum and covered with a flexible
plastic insulation. The size of the wire used in an electric circuit depends on
the current to be carried by the circuit.
The heart of the Cir-Kit Concepts' electrical system is the flat, pressure-
sensitive and adhesively-backed conductive tape used for wiring. It
eliminates entirely the need for round wire and may be installed in a fraction
of the time of a conventional system.. A super strong adhesive applied
across the entire width of the tape ensures a positive grip on any wood
surface. The thinness of the tape allows easy masking with one or two coats
24
of paint and produces a completely hidden installation when covered with
wallpaper.
Conductors
The standard of wire and cable industry is the American Wire Gauge(AWG).
All the wire sizes up to No. 0000 (also written No. 4/0) are expressed in
AWG. The smaller the AWG number the larger the size. (Applies only to
round conductors).
When large conductors are not circular in cross section, they are usually
made solid and are referred to as busbars. Bus is normally constructed
using solid copper or aluminum and when assembled with other bars in a
metal housing then it becomes bus duct or busway.
Metallic conduits
The code requires that all wiring be enclosed in rigid metallic conduit.
In the special case of environments that are severely corrosive or when
mechanical injury is impossible, use of non-metallic conduit is permitted.
25
Boxes and Cabinets
Types of Boxes
26
Rules in Planning the Electrical System
Power is supplied to a building via the service drop. Three heavy wires
together are called the drop that extends from the utility pole or an
underground source to the structure.
27
Circuit Protective Devices
There are two types of circuit protective devices which are commonly
used:
1. Fuse. It is made of thin strip of metal used for safety because when
the current flowing through it becomes too high, it melts and breaks
the flow of electricity. It consists of an alloy link or wire of relatively
low melting temperature which when enclosed in an insulating fiber
tube is called a cartridge fuse, and when in a porcelain cup is known
as plug fuse.
2. Circuit breaker. It is an electromechanical device which performs the
same protective function as a fuse and also acts as a switch. It is a
reusable device that protects a circuit from becoming overloaded
Switches
28
Switch board and switchgear
Panel Board
29
SELF CHECK # 1.4
30
31
INFORMATION SHEET # 1.5
32
Sample Single Line Riser Diagram
33
OPERATION SHEET # 1.5
Procedure:
34
3. Determine and draw the locations of switches.
35
SELF CHECK # 1.5
Direction: From the given floor plan complete the electrical layout by
connecting the electrical fixtures.
36
Program/Course : Drafting Technology
Assessment Criteria:
1. Fire alarm and protection system are laid out according to the Fire
Code of the Philippines.
References:
Donald Hepler, Paul Wallach. Architecture Drafting and Design, Mcgraw hill
Book Co. 1987
Maton, Anthea and Hopkins, Jean. Physical Science, Prentice Hall Book Co.
1995
37
INFORMATION SHEET # 2.1
Introduction
Telephone outlet
Push buttons
Buzzer
Bell
38
Combination Bell Buzzer
CH Chime
Annunciator
T Bell-Ringing Transformer
Interconnection Box
Outside Telephone
Interconnecting Telephone
R Radio Outlet
TV Television Outlet
F Fire alarm
39
SELF CHECK # 2.1
1.
2. F
3.
4.
5. TV
6.
7. R
8.
9.
10.
40
INFORMATION SHEET # 2.2
SMOKE DETECTORS
WHICH TYPE?
IONIZATION PHOTOELECTRIC
41
bathroom moisture.
GUIDELINES:
42
A fire sprinkler is the part of a fire sprinkler system that discharges
water when the effects of a fire have been detected, such as when a
predetermined temperature has been reached. Fire sprinklers can be
automatic or open orifice. Automatic fire sprinklers operate at a
predetermined temperature, utilizing a fusible element, a portion of which
melts, or a frangible glass bulb containing liquid which breaks. It allows the
plug to be pushed out of the orifice by the water pressure in the fire
sprinkler piping, resulting in water flow from the orifice.
Key elements
Building a facility in accordance with the version of the Local Building
Code in effect at the time of building permit application.
Maintaining a facility and conducting oneself in accordance with the
provisions of the fire code, after the building is occupied. This is based
on knowledge of the code by the owner and ensuring that the
occupants and operators of the building are aware of the current
applicable regulations. Examples of such include, but are not limited
to the following:
o Not exceeding the maximum occupancy within any part of the
building.
o Maintaining proper fire exits and proper exit signage (e.g., exit
signs pointing to them that can function in a power failure)
o Placing and maintaining fire extinguishers in easily accessible
places.
o Properly storing/using, hazardous materials that may be
needed inside the building for storage or operational
requirements (such as solvents in spray booths).
o Prohibiting flammable materials in certain areas of the facility.
o Periodically inspecting buildings for violations, issuing Orders to
comply with and, potentially, prosecuting or closing buildings
that are not in compliance, until the deficiencies are corrected
or condemning it in extreme cases.
o Maintaining fire alarm systems for detection and warning.
o Obtaining and maintaining a complete inventory of firestops.
o Ensuring that spray fireproofing remains undamaged.
o Maintaining a high level of training and awareness of occupants
and users of the building to avoid obvious mistakes, such as the
propping open of fire doors.
o Conduct fire drills at regular intervals throughout the year
43
A diagram of a residential fire alarm system
Fire safety refers to precautions that are taken to prevent or reduce the
possibility of a fire that may result in death, injury, or property damage. It
alert those in a structure of the presence of fire in the event one occurs. It
also enables those threatened by fire to survive, or to reduce the damage
caused by fire.
Fire safety measures include those that are planned during the
construction of a building or implemented in structures that are already
standing, and those that are taught to occupants of the building.
Threats to fire safety are referred to as fire hazards. A fire hazard may
include a situation that increases the likelihood a fire may start or may
impede escape in the event a fire occurs.
44
OPERATION SHEET # 2.2
Direction: Locate and draw the position of fire alarm system on the given
diagram.
45
3. Locate the position of both (fire alarms and smoke detectors)
46
SELF CHECK # 2.2
2. It discharges water when the effects of a fire have been detected, and
when a predetermined temperature has been reached.
a. Fire detector b. Smoke detector
c. Fire extinguisher d. Fire sprinkle
47
INFORMATION SHEET # 2.3
Cable Television
This figure shows a basic cable modem system that consists of a head end
(television receivers and cable modem system), distribution lines with amplifiers,
and cable modems that connect to customers' computers. This diagram shows that
the cable television operator's head end system contains both analog and digital
television channel transmitters that are connected to customers through the
distribution lines.
48
Intercommunication Device
49
Digital intercoms use Category 5 cable and relay information back and
forth in data packets using the Internet protocol architecture.
Doorbell
50
Building Management Systems
BUILDING MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
Hardware
program Software
Consists program
of Consists
of
Computer –based control system C - bus
Profibus
Controls and
monitors building
mechanical and
Power Ventilation
electrical equipment
systems systems
Security systems
manage the environment within the building and may control temperature,
most BMS systems, it controls heating and cooling, manages the systems
that distribute this air throughout the building (for example by operating
in outside air with waste air to increase the amount of oxygen while also
51
Systems linked to a BMS typically represent 40% of a building's
configured BMS systems are believed to account for 20% of building energy
systems and elevators are also sometimes linked to a BMS, for example, if a
fire is detected then the system could shut off dampers in the ventilation
system. This stops smoke from spreading and send all the elevators to the
ground floor and park them to prevent people from using them in the event
of a fire.
52
Sample of an auxiliary electrical plan.
53
OPERATION SHEET # 2.3
Direction:
54
SELF CHECK # 2.3
Direction:
55
Performance Assessment
Scoring Rubrics
Criteria Score
(Tick the corresponding pts.)
Accuracy
50
45
40
Speed
10
6
8
Neatness
25
20
15
Lettering/Labeling
15
12
10
8
Total
Performance Criteria:
Accuracy
50 pts - The output is accurately done.
45 pts - Two to five errors are observed on the output.
40 pts. - Six to ten errors are observed on the output.
Speed
10 pts - The output is done 5 minutes before the time.
8 pts - The output is done on time.
6 pts. - The output is done after the allotted time.
Neatness
25 pts. - No errors made on the output.
20 pts - Two to three erasures made on the output.
15 pts - Four or more erasures made on the output.
Lettering/Labeling
56
ANSWER KEY # 1.1
Test I.
1. current
2. Ampere
3. voltage
4. charge
5. V
6. resistance
7. R
8. ohm
9. Ohm’s Law
10. electrical power
Test II.
1. close
2. true
3. insulators
4. true
5. series circuit
57
ANSWER KEY # 1.2
Test II.
1. B
2. B
3. A
4. A
5. B
58
ANSWER KEY# 1.3
Test I. Identification
1. Incandescent lamps
2. Fluorescent lamps
3. footcandle
4. lux
5. General lighting
6. Decorative lighting
7. Specific (local) lighting
8. 10-20 footcandles (108 to 215 lx)
9. 20-30 footcandles (215 to 320 lx)
10.70-200 footcandles (750 to 2150 lx)
59
ANSWER KEY# 1.4
1. e
2. c
3. d
4. a
5. b
1. transformers
2. switchboards
3. panel boards
4. large switches
5. circuit breakers
6. fuse
7. circuit breake
8. outlet boxe
9. junction boxes
10. pull boxes
60
ANSWER KEY # 1.5
61
ANSWER KEY# 2.1
Direction: Identification
1. Buzzer
2. Fire Alarm
3. Interconnection Box
4. Bell
5. Television outlet
6. Telephone outlet
7. Radio outlet
8. Combination bell buzzer
9. Outside telephone
10. Interconnecting telephone
62
ANSWER KEY# 2.2
Multiple Choice
1. b
2. d
3. a
4. b
5. a
63
ANSWER KEY # 2.3
Direction:
64
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Marikina Hotel
Marikina City
May 25-30, 2009
June 5-7, 2009
July 1-5, 2009
Technology Writers
Mario S. Gregorio
Tagum National Trade School
Tagum City, Davao Del Norte
Region XI
Alexander M. Latoga
Manuel S. Enverga Memorial School of Arts and Trades
Mauban, Quezon
Mirasol F. Dasig
San Pedro Relocation Center National High School
San Pedro, Laguna
Region IV-A, Calabarzon
Ariel F. Maglalang
Assemblywoman Felecita G. Bernardino Memorial Trade School
Lias, Marilao, Bulacan
Conrado C. Casulla
Pangasinan School of Arts and Trades
Lingayen, Pangasinan
Region I
Rolando V. Inay
E. Rodriguez Vocational High School
Nagtahan,Sampaloc,Manila
65
English Teacher
Mercy F. Divina
E. Rodriguez Vocational High School
Nagtahan,Sampaloc,Manila
Math Teacher
Emmanuel V. Dionisio
Assemblywoman Felecita G. Bernardino Memorial Trade School
Lias, Marilao, Bulacan
Science Teacher
Editorial Specialist
Beatriz A. Adriano
Principal III
E. Rodriguez Vocational High School
Nagtahan, Sampaloc, Manila
Carol F. Chavez
Principal I
Muntinlupa Business High School
Facilitator
Orlando E. Manuel
Principal I
Cabarroquis National School of Arts and Trades
Gundaway, Cabarroquis, Quirino
Math Specialist
Jesus L. Huenda
Senior Education Specialist
DepED-NCR
66
Encoders
Percival B. Magaway
Cabarroquis National School of Arts and Trades
Gundaway, Cabarroquis, Quirino
67
68