Types of Crystallizer

VACUUM CRYSTALLIZER
DRAFT TUBE BAFFLE CRYSTALLIZER
OSLO CRYSTALLIZER
Vacuum Crystallizers:

In vacuum crystallizers, the crystalls

are formed by achieving super-
saturation of solute by adiabatic
evaporative cooling.
Working:
In such crystallizers vacuum is maintained and warm saturated
solution at a temperature above boiling point is fed .
From the conical bottom of the body, the solution flows down through
the pipe.
It is mixed with fresh feed from the feed inlet. The mixture is sent up
through a vertical heater by the pump.
the heated mixture enters the crystallizer through a tangential inlet.
The swirling motion to the solution facilitates flash evaporation and
cooling.
The crystals are separated in a centrifuge, the mother liquor is
recycled back to the pipe.
Disadvantages:
The crystals tend to settle at the bottom of the crystallizer where there
may be little or no supersaturation.
The crystallizer will not be effective in the absence of agitation for
magma.
It's an expensive process.

Advantages:
Simple without any moving parts.
corrosive materials can be used.
Can be constructed as large size as desired.
Draft tube baffle crystallizer:
It is a more versatile and effective
crystallizer, it is suited for vacuum cooling
and for processes having a moderate
evaporation rate.
Working:
It is equipped with a draft tube wich act as baffle to
control circulation of solution and a downward
propeller to provide circulation within.
It is provided with an elutriation leg to classify the
crystals by size.
Discharge slurry is withdrawn from the lower part and
sent to filter or centrifuge, and the mother liquor is
returned to the crystallizer.
Disadvantages:
Frequent flushings required to minimize deposites on the crystallizer
wall.
Cannot effectively handle a high density slurry.

Advantages:
Crystal size easy to control.
Economic due to recyclability of fines.
More energy efficient than other crystallizers.
Oslo crystallizer:

Oslo type crystallizer also called

classified-suspension crystallizer is
the oldest design developed for
the production of large, coarse
crystals.
Working:
keeping most of the crystals in suspension without contact by a stirring
device, thus enabling the production of large crystals of narrow size
distribution.
The classifying crystallization chamber is the lower part of the unit. The
upper part is the liquor-vapor separation area where supersaturation is
developed by the removal of the solvent. The slightly supersaturated liquor
flows down through a central pipe and the supersaturation is relieved by
contact with the fluidized bed of crystals..
Types:
Oslo cooling crystallizer
Oslo evaporate crystallizer
Oslo vacuum crystalllizer
Disadvantages:
Careful operating required.
Very frequent cleaning is required.
The size of the installation is greater than DTB.

Advantages:
Production of very large crystals.
Good size distribution.