Stage – A Thermodynamics & Thermochemistry

1. If the internal energy of an ideal gas decreases by the same amount as the work done by the
system, the process is
(a) cyclic (b) isothermal
(c) adiabatic (d) isolated
2. Select the correct statements :
(a) When energy is transferred to the system from the surroundings as work, the
surroundings do work on the system and the value of work (W) positive
(b) When energy is transferred from the system to the surroundings as work, work is done
on the surroundings and the value of W is negative
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of the above
3. The value of DU is positive when energy is transferred from the
(a) surroundings to the system (b) system to the surroundings
(c) system to system (d) surroundings to surroundings
4. The mathematical formulation of the first law of thermodynamics, in differential form, is
(a) dU = dw (isolated system) (b) dU = dq + dw(closed system)
(c) dU = dq + dw + Sµ1dn1 (open system) (d) all of these
5. The first law of thermodynamics introduces the concepts of conservation of
(a) heat (b) energy and equivalence of heat and work
(c) work (d) energy and equivalence of temperature and work
6. A gas is cooled and loses 50 J of heat. The gas contracts as it cools and work done on the
system equal to 20 J is exchanged with the surroundings. Hence, DE is
(a) 70 J (b) –30 J
(c) 30 J (d) – 70 J
7. The value of DE when the system absorbs 1000 kJ of heat and does 650 kJ of work on the
surroundings is
(a) 350 kJ (b) –350 kJ
(c) 1650 kJ (d) -1650 kJ
8. In a process, a system does 140 J of work on the surroundings and only 40 J of heat is added
to the system, hence change in internal energy is
(a) 180 J (b) – 180 J
(c) 100 J (d) – 100 J
9. A system is taken from state A to state B along two different paths 1 and 2. The heat
absorbed and work done by the system along these paths are Q1 and Q 2 and W1 and W2
respectively. Then
(a) Q1 = Q 2 (b) Q1 + W1 = Q 2 + W2
(c) W1 = W2 (d) Q1 - W1 = Q 2 - W2
10. When heat is supplied to an ideal gas in an isothermal process, the
(a) gas will do positive work (b) gas will do negative work
(c) kinetic energy of the gas will increase
(d) gas will not obey the law of conservation of energy
11. 1 mol of Al4C3 ( s ) reacts with H 2O in a closed vessel at 270C against atmospheric pressure.
Work done is
(a) -1800 cal (b) -600 cal
(c) +1800 cal (d) zero

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Stage – A Thermodynamics & Thermochemistry

12. Calculate the work done when 1 mol of an ideal gas is compressed reversibly from 1.00 bar
to 5.00 bar at a constant temperature of 300 K
(a) –4.02 kJ (b) +18.02kJ
(c) +4.02 kJ (d) –8.04 kJ
13. Calculate the work done when 1 mol of an ideal gas is expanded reversibly from 20.0 dm3
to 40.0 dm3 at a constant temperature of 300 K
(a) 7.78 kJ (b) –1.72 kJ
(c) 11.73 kJ (d) –4.78 kJ
14. When 16 g O2 at STP expands under atmospheric pressure such that volume is doubled, then
work done is
(a) -11.2 L atm (b) +11.2 L atm
(c) -22.4 L atm (d) +22.4 L atm
15. Consider an ideal gas that occupies 2.50 dm3 at a pressure of 3.00 bar. If the gas is
compressed isothermally against a constant pressure pext, so that the final volume is 0.500
dm3, calculate the smallest possible value of pext and the work done using pext.
(a) 20 bar and 1 KJ (b) 15 bar and 3 KJ
(c) 30 bar and 1.5 KJ (d) 10 bar and 3.75 KJ
16. A gas obeys the equation of state pV = nRT + nbp where b is a constant. If n moles of the
gas expand from V1 to V2 reversibly at a constant temperature T, the work done is given by
(a) -nRT ln éë( V2 - nb ) / ( V1 - nb ) ùû (b) nRT ln [ V2 / V1 ]
(c) -nRT ln éë( V2 + nb ) / ( V1 + nb ) ùû (d) -nRT ln éë( V1 - nb ) / ( V2 - nb ) ùû
17. Cp is always greater than Cv for a gas. Choose the correct option
(a) When a gas absorbs heat at constant pressure, its volume remains unchanged
(b) No work is done by a gas at constant volume
(c) For the same change in temperature, the internal energy of a gas changes by a smaller
amount at constant volume than at constant pressure
(d) The mass of a gas at constant pressure is greater than that at constant volume
18. For all ideal gases, Cp - C v = R . This R is the
(a) change in kinetic energy when temperature of 1 mol of a gas is increased by 10C
(b) mechanical work when the temperature of 1 mol of a gas is increased by 10C
(c) change in potential energy when gas is allowed to fall
(d) None of the above
19. The molar heat capacity of water in equilibrium with ice at constant pressure is
(a) negative (b) zero
(c) infinity (d) 4.45 kJ K -1 mol-1
20. The molar heat capacity (Cm) of an ideal gas
(a) cannot be negative (b) must be equal to either C v or Cp
(c) must lie in the range of C v to Cp (d) may have any value between -¥ and ¥

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Stage – A Thermodynamics & Thermochemistry

21. For a gas, Cp / C v = g . The molecular mass of the gas is M. Its specific heat capacity per
gm of substance at constant pressure is
gR g
(a) (b)
M ( g - 1) RM
g gRM
(c) (d)
R ( g - 1) g +1
22. Calculate the enthalpy change when 1.0 g of water is frozen at 00C
(latent heat of fusion of ice = 1.44 kcal mol-1 ? )
(a) -1.44 cal (b) -80.0 cal
(c) 80.0 cal (d) -55.6 cal
23. 50 mL of water (density= 1 g mL-1 ) takes 5 minutes to evaporate from a vessel on a heater
connected to an electric source which delivers 400 W. The enthalpy of vaporization of water
is
(a) 40.3kJ mol-1 (b) 43.2 kJ mol-1
(c) 16.7 kJ mol-1 (d) 180.4 kJ mol-1
24. The enthalpy of fusion per gram and the corresponding molecular weights are given for five
substances
1 2 3 4 5
( )
DH 0fusion cal g -1 100 40 80 40 60

Mol.wt. ( g mol )-1

20 30 40 80 30
Which of the following pairs contains substances with the same molar enthalpy of fusion ?
(a) 3 and 4 (b) 2 and 3
(c) 2 and 4 (d) 3 and 4
25. Given Cp / Vv = g . A gas goes from the initial state ( p1 , V1 , T1 ) to a final state ( p 2 , V2 , T2 )
through an adiabatic process. The work done by the gas is
nR ( T1 - T2 ) p V -p V
(a) (b) 2 2 1 1
g -1 g -1
p V -p V ngR ( T2 - T1 )
(c) 1 1 2 2 (d)
g +1 g -1
26. Calculate the final temperature of a sample of a monoatomic gas that is expanded reversibly
and adiabatically from 500 mL at 300 K to 2.00 L. log 2 = 0.3, log 2.5 = 0.4
(a) 120 K (b) 150 K
(c) 300 K (d) 20 K
27. During an adiabatic process, the pressure of a gas is found to be proportional to the cube of
its absolute temperature. The ratio Cp / C v = g for the gas is
3 7
(a) (b)
2 2
5 9
(c) (d)
3 7

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Stage – A Thermodynamics & Thermochemistry

28. 1 mol of NH3 ( g = 1.33) gas at 270C is expanded under adiabatic reversible condition to
make volume 8 times. Final temperature and work done respectively are
(a) 150 K, - 900 cal (b) 150 K, - 400 cal
(c) 150 K, + 900 cal (d) 200 K, + 800 cal
29. Consider following statements :
I. When the system returns to its original condition, the overall change in a state function
is zero.
II. When a gas expands, work energy is released, hence work done is negative and is done
by the system.
III. In the reaction C ( s ) + CO 2 ( g ) ® 2CO ( g ) Dn = zero hence, no work is done. Select
current statements.
(a) I, II, III (b) I, II
(c) II, III (d) I, III

30. ( DH - DE ) is maximum at a given temperature is case of

(a) PCl5 ( g ) ® PCl3 ( g ) + Cl2 ( g ) (b) CaCO3 ( s ) ® CaO ( s ) + CO 2 ( g )
(c) NH 4 HS ( s ) ® NH3 ( g ) + H 2S ( g ) (d) N 2 ( g ) + O 2 ( g ) ® 2NO ( g )
31. Numerical value of work done in maximum in case of
(a) C3H8( g ) + 5O 2( g ) ® 3CO 2( g ) + 4H 2O( ! ) (b) C( s ) + CO 2( g ) ® 2CO( g )
(c) 3Fe( s ) + 4H 2O( g ) ® Fe3O 4( s ) + 4H 2( g ) (d) NH 4Cl( s ) ® NH3( g ) + HCl( g )
32. A process or reaction which takes in heat from the surroundings is said to be … and which
releases heat to the surroundings is said to be
(a) endothermic, exothermic (b) exothermic, endothermic
(c) both endothermic (d) both exothermic
33. Na(s) is converted into Na ( g )
+

Na ( s ) ¾¾
q1
® Na ( g ) ; Na ( g ) ¾¾
q2
® Na + ( g )
then internal energy change DE is
(a) q1 (b) q 2
(c) q1 + q 2 (d) q1 - q 2
34. If bond energy of N-H bond is x cal mol-1 , change in internal energy in the following
chemical process is
NH3 ( g ) ® N ( g ) + 3H ( g )
(a) +x cal (b) –x cal
(c) +3x cal (d) –3x cal
35. For an irreversible process, the total change in entropy of the universe is
(a) DS ( system ) + DS ( surroundings ) (b) DS ( system ) - DS ( surroundings )
(c) zero (d) negative
36. In a reversible adiabatic change DS is
(a) infinity (b) zero
(c) equal to C v dT (d) equal to nR ln V2 / V1

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Stage – A Thermodynamics & Thermochemistry

37. In which of the following process does the entropy decrease ?

(a) The dissolving of sodium chloride in water (b) The evaporation of water
(c) The conversion of CO2(g) into dry ice
(d) When a dozen marbles are taken out of a small bag and dropped on the ground
38. Which of the following statements is correct ?
(a) For every process in an isolated system the entropy increases
(b) The sum of two path functions is also a path function
(c) In a relativistic endothermic process, the total mass of the system increases
(d) DH is always equal to Cp DT
39. When solid melts, there is
(a) decrease in enthalpy (b) increase in enthalpy
(c) decrease in entropy (d) no change in enthalpy
40. The molar enthalpy of fusion of water is 6.01kJ mol-1 . The entropy change of 1 mol of
water at its melting point will be
(a) 22 J K -1mol-1 (b) 109 J K -1mol-1
(c) 44 J K -1mol-1 (d) 11J K -1mol-1
41. The change in entropy when the pressure of a perfect gas is changed isothermally from
p1 to p 2 is
(a) DS = nR ln ( p1 + p 2 ) (b) DS = nR ln ( p 2 / p1 )
æp +p ö
(c) DS = nR ln ( p1 / p 2 ) (d) DS = nR ln ç 1 2 ÷
è p2 ø
0
42. If water kept in an insulated vessel at –10 C suddenly freezes, the entropy change of the
system
(a) increases (b) is equal to that of the surroundings
(c) decreases (d) is zero
43. If we consider U as a function of S and V, then
æ ¶U ö æ ¶U ö æ ¶U ö
(a) dU = ç ÷ dS + ç ÷ dV (b) ç ÷ =T
è ¶S ø v è ¶V øs è ¶S ø v
æ ¶U ö
(c) ç ÷ = -p (d) all of these
è ¶V øs
44. Which of the following is an inexact differential ?
1
(a) dq (b) dq rev ´
T
(c) Cp (d) H

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Stage – A Thermodynamics & Thermochemistry

45. In a cyclic process given below

2 2 2
dq rev dq rev dq
(a) DS = 0 > ò (b) DS = 0 > ò + ò irr
1
T 1
T 1
T
2 1 1 1
dq irr dq dq irr dq
(c) DS = 0 > ò + ò rev (d) DS = 0 > ò + ò rev
1
T 2
T 2
T 2
T
46. Choose the correct criterion of spontaneity in terms of the properties of the system alone
(a) ( dS) U, V < 0 (b) ( dS)T, P > 0
(c) ( dS)H, P < 0 (d) ( dG )T, P < 0
47. Which of the following conditions for entropy is incorrect ?
(a) The state of equilibrium corresponds to maximum entropy of the universe.
(b) The system maintained at constant entropy and constant volume will attain the
equilibrium at a state of minimum energy
(c) The necessary condition of spontaneity ( dS) U, V < 0, ( dU )S, V > 0 sufficient condition
dS > 0, dU > 0
(d) The necessary condition of spontaneity ( dS)u,v > 0 ( dU )s, v < 0 sufficient condition
dS < 0, dU < 0
48. Which of the following process is spontaneous ?
(a) Diffusion of perfume molecules from one side of the room to the other
(b) Decomposition of solid CaCO3
(c) Heat flow from a cold object to a hot object (d) Climbing up a mountain
49. Which is not true about G ?
(a) G is a state function (b) Decrease in G, ( -DG ) is equal to net work done
(c) If DG is positive, reaction is spontaneous (d) DG = DG 0 if K = 1
50. An exothermic reaction with DS = - ve, DH = - ve , is
(a) spontaneous at all temperature (b) spontaneous at high temperature
(c) nonspontaneous at low temperature (d) spontaneous at low temperature
51. For the reaction : A ® B, DH = + ve, DS = - ve . This reaction is
(a) nonspontaneous at all temperature (b) nonspontaneous at low temperature
(c) nonspontaneous at high temperature (d) spontaneous at high temperature
52. For the reaction A ( s ) É B ( ! ) + 2C ( g ) , DG 0 (in joules) = 94464 - 100 T . The partial
pressure of C(g) at 600 K in Torr is …… [Given: 2.303 ´ 8.314 ´ 600 = 11488 ; 10 = 3.16 ]
(a) 15 (b) 24
(c) 35 (d) 46
53. For the reaction : Br2 ( g ) + 3F2 ( g ) ® 2BrF3 ( g ) , the equilibrium constant at 2000 K and 1.0
bar is 5.25. When the pressure is increased by 8-fold, the equilibrium constant
(a) increases by a factor of 1.86 (b) decreases by a factor of 1.86
(c) remains same (d) increases by a factor of 8

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Stage – A Thermodynamics & Thermochemistry

1
54. For a reaction A ® B graph between log10 K p and is a straight line of positive slope
T
1/4.606. Hence, DH is
(a) 1 cal (b) 2 cal
(c) 4 cal (d) –1 cal
é d ( DG ) ù
55. If DG = DH - TDS and DG = DH + T ê ú , then variation of emf of a cell E, with
ë dT û p
temperature, T, is given by
DH DG
(a) (b)
nF nF
DS DS
(c) (d) -
nF nF
56. Which is equal to total work done ?
(a) -DA (b) -DG
(c) -DH (d) -DE
57. When a liquid is in equilibrium with its vapour, the thermodynamic criterion for equilibrium
is
(a) entropy of the liquid phase is greater than entropy in the vapour phase
(b) enthalpy of the liquid phase is less than enthalpy in the vapour phase
(c) chemical potential in the liquid phase is equal to chemical potential in the vapour phase
(d) Gibbs free energy of the two phases is different
58. Which can account for maximum work under isothermal and reversible condition ?
(a) First law of thermodynamics (b) Second law of thermodynamics
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of the above
59. 10 moles of a monoatomic ideal gas initially at 27°C, 1 bar is freely expanded against
vacuum. Which of the statement is incorrect?
(a) W = 0 (b) D U = 0
(c) D H = 0 (d) D G = 0
60. H 2O ( g ) É H 2O ( ! ) , DH = -10 kcal mol -1 . For this transition, vapour pressure change with
temperature as given
log P log P

(a) (b)

T -1 T -1
log P log P

(c) (d)

T -1 T -1

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Stage – A Thermodynamics & Thermochemistry

Thermodynamics

1.C 11.D 21.A 31.A 41.C 51.A

2.C 12.C 22.B 32.A 42.D 52.B

3.A 13.B 23.B 33.C 43.D 53.C

4.D 14.A 24.A 34.C 44.A 54.D

5.B 15.B 25.B 35.A 45.C 55.C

6.B 16.A 26.A 36.B 46.D 56.A

7.A 17.B 27.A 37.C 47.C 57.C

8.D 18.B 28.A 38.C 48.A 58.A

9.B 19.C 29.B 39.B 49.C 59.D

10.B 20.D 30.C 40.A 50.D 60.D

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