Arellano University

Pasay City
School of Education
MS 119-Microbiology and Parasitology

Name: Date:_________
Year/Course__________________ Dr. Marlowe Louis F. Fabunan

Activity 5- Cell Structure: Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

What’s the Difference?
Look at the two drawings of prokaryotes and eukaryotes; discuss with your partner the similarities and
differences between the two cells.

Part A.
Prokaryote: Eukaryote (note: this drawing shows half a plant cell and half an animal
cell):

List the five parts that Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes both have:
1. ___________________________
2. ___________________________
3. ___________________________
4. ___________________________ (with just Plant Eukaryotes)
5. ___________________________ (with just Animal Eukaryotes)

6. List and describe the parts of prokaryote cells.

Prokaryote cell part Description or function
7. Do Prokaryotes have a nucleus? ________
8. Which is more complex, Eukaryotes or Prokaryotes? _______________________
9. Which is larger? ____________________

Part B.
Why are cells named that way?
From Greek words…
EU means __________________. PRO means __________________. KARY means
__________________.
Eukaryote = ____________________; Prokaryote = ____________________.

All cells have ____________________, in eukaryotes it is stored in the ____________________.

Prokaryotes don’t have a nucleus, and it floats around in the cytoplasm in an area called a
____________________. Only eukaryotes have ____________________.

Label each as prokaryotic or eukaryotic (Underline one)

Plant cell Prokaryote Eukaryote Yeast cell P E
Staphylococcus cell Prokaryote Eukaryote E. coli cell P E
Fungus cell Prokaryote Eukaryote mouse cell P E
Animal cell Prokaryote Eukaryote strep germ cell P E
Bacterial cell Prokaryote Eukaryote flu virus P E
Blood cell Prokaryote Eukaryote sperm cell P E

10. Describe one advantage prokaryote cells have over eukaryote cells.

11. Describe one advantage eukaryote cells have over prokaryote cells.

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Part C.
Cell Organelles Worksheet

Complete the following table by writing the name of the cell part or organelle in the right hand
column that matches the structure/function in the left hand column. A cell part may be used more
than once.

Structure/Function Cell Part

Stores material within the cell

Closely stacked, flattened sacs (plants only)

The sites of protein synthesis

Transports materials within the cell

The region inside the cell except for the nucleus

Organelle that manages or controls all the cell functions in a eukaryotic

cell

Contains chlorophyll, a green pigment that traps energy from sunlight

and gives plants their green color

Digests excess or worn-out cell parts, food particles and invading viruses
or bacteria

Small bumps located on portions of the endoplasmic reticulum

Provides temporary storage of food, enzymes and waste products

Firm, protective structure that gives the cell its shape in plants, fungi,
most bacteria and some protists

Produces a usable form of energy for the cell

Packages proteins for transport out of the cell

Everything inside the cell including the nucleus

Site where ribosomes are made

The membrane surrounding the cell

Provides support for the cell, has two “subparts”

Name for the collection of DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells

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Consist of hollow tubes which provide support for the cell

Small hair-like structures used for movement or sensing things

Composed of a phospholipid bilayer

Longer whip-like structures used for movement

Put a check in the appropriate column(s) to indicate whether the following organelles are found in
plant cells, animal cells or both.

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 Plant Animal
Organelle
Cells Cells

Cell Wall

Vesicle

Chloroplast

Chromatin

Cytoplasm

Cytoskeleton

Endoplasmic reticulum

Golgi apparatus

Lysosome

Mitochondria

Nucleolus

Nucleus

Plasma membrane

Central vacuole

Ribosome

Vacuole
Part D. Answer the following:

1. In what organelle does cellular respiration take place?

2. Name a storage organelle.

3. What organelles take part in protein synthesis?

4. What do ribosomes do? Where are they found?

5. What are lysosomes? What types of molecules would be found inside a lysosome?

6. What organelles are only found in plant cells?  

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Part E. Cell City Analogy

In a faraway city called Grant City, the main export and production product is the steel widget. Everyone
in the town has something to do with steel widget making, and the entire town is designed to build and
export widgets. The town hall has the instructions for widget making. Widgets come in all shapes and
sizes, and any citizen of Grant can get the instructions and begin making their own widgets. Widgets are
generally produced in small shops around the city. These small shops can be built by the carpenters union
(whose headquarters are in town hall).

After the widget is constructed, they are placed on special carts which can deliver the widget anywhere in
the city. In order for a widget to be exported, the carts take the widget to the post office, where the
widgets are packaged and labeled for export. Sometimes widgets don't turn out right, and the "rejects" are
sent to the scrap yard where they are broken down for parts or destroyed altogether. The town powers the
widget shops and carts from a hydraulic dam that is in the city. The entire city is enclosed by a large
wooden fence. Only the postal trucks (and citizens with proper passports) are allowed outside the city.

Match the parts of the city (underlined) with the parts of the cell.

1. Mitochondria _____________________________________________

2. Ribosomes _____________________________________________

3. Nucleus _____________________________________________

4. Endoplasmic
_____________________________________________
Reticulum

5. Golgi
_____________________________________________
Apparatus

6. Protein _____________________________________________

7. Cell
_____________________________________________
Membrane

8. Lysosomes _____________________________________________

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 9. Nucleolus _____________________________________________

Part F. Create your own analogy below of the cell using a different model. Some ideas might be: a
school, a house, a factory, or anything you can imagine**

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