Chemical Process Principles

CHE 113

Instructor:
Dr. Faisal Ahmed
RECYCLE STREAM
 It is rare that a chemical reaction A  B proceeds to completion in a
reactor. Some A in the product !

 To find a way to send the “A” back to feed you need a seperation and
recycle equipment, this would decrease the cost of purchasing more A.

Feed Product

rxn Sep.

Recycle
BYPASS Stream
 If a fraction of the feed to a process unit is diverted around the unit and combined with
the output stream, this process is called bypass.

 By varying the fraction of the feed that is bypassed, we can vary the composition and
properties of the product.

 Bypass and recycle calculations are approached in

exactly the same manner: Feed Product
Process
the flowchart is drawn and labeled, and overall Unit
balances and balances around the process unit or
the stream mixing point following the process unit
are used to determine unknown variables. Bypass stream
Do you find it difficult that material can circulate in a system
without an accumulation of mass ?
Review: Degrees of Freedom

 Do you have enough information to solve the problem?

 Does problem have unique solution?

 ndf = nunknowns – nindep. eqs.

 If ndf = 0, problem can be solved, unique solution
 If ndf > 0, more unknowns, underspecified, infinitely many solution
 If ndf < 0, more indep. eqs., overspecified, no solution
Independent Equations:

Are these indep.?

No, because
Problem:
 Feed: Fresh air with 4 mole% H2O(v) is “cooled” and “dehumidified” to a water
content of 1.7 mole% H2O. Fresh air is combined with a recycle stream of
dehumidified air.
The blended stream entering unit contains 2.3 mole% H2O. In the air conditioner
some of the water is removed as liquid. Take 100 mole of dehumidified air delivered
to the room, calculate moles of feed, water condensed, dehumidified air recycled.
Solution:

n5 (mol) 0.983 DA, 0.017 W(v)

n1 (mol)
AIR
100 mol
0.04 W(v) CONDITIONER n4 (mol) 0.983 DA
0.96 DA 0.017 W(v) 0.017 W(v)
0.983 DA

n3 mole W(ℓ)
n2 (mol)
0.977 DA
0.023 W(v)
Problem: