n$hjpltpaypd; mog;gil

ghFjp ? 10 jrhk;rk;;

jiyth; :

jpU/ S.M. rjhrptk;

<nuh; jpU/ T.V.A. ehuhazd;
ehfh;

j p U/ bfshpr’;fh;
R. fUzhfud;. MA, DTA, DPCS
n$hjpc& rpnuhd;kzp &
mwptpay; n$hjpl khkzp
rkkaran.india@yahoo.com
 Mh;/ fUzhfud;. MA, DTA, DPCS 2 jpahfuha efh;. brd;id ? 17/
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Xk;
_ FUnt Jiz
vy;yhk; ty;y bja;tkJ! mtdpy;jhd; eP. cd;dpy; mtd;;!

Kd;Diu

md;ghd cyf mwpthspfns! tzf;fk;

,iwtd; cyifg; gilj;jhd;/ gw;gy el;rj;jpu’;fisa[k;. fpuf’;fisa[k;. mit xt;bthd;Wk; xt;bthU tpjkhd rf;jpia
cilajhft[k;. mit midj;Jk; xd;Wf;bfhd;W bjhlh;g[ila jhft[k;. xnu epajpg;go rpwpJk; jtwhky; RHyr; bra;jhd;/ gpd;
kdpj caph;fisg; gilj;jhd;. kdpjDila brhy;Yf;Fk;. braYf;Fk;. thH;t[f;Fk; fpuf’;fs; bjhlh;t[ cilajhf bra;jhd;/

g{h;t b$d;k tpjpapd;go mtd; gpwf;Fk; neuj;jpnyna tpz;zpy; cs;s fpuf r”;rhu’;fisg; bghWj;J mtdJ thH;t[k; vjph;fhyKk;
eph;zapf;fg;gLfpwJ/ mtdJ tpjpg;gaid khw;w ahuhYk; KoahJ/

xUtd; gpwe;j neuj;jpy; cr;rj;jpypUf;Fk; fpuf’;fshy; mtdJ thH;t[ vt;tpjk; ,Uf;Fk; vd;W ekJ Kd;ndhh;fs; jkJ
mDgt’;fspdhYk; jkJ nguwpthYk; Muha;e;J TwpapUg;gJ jhd; n$hjplf; fiyahFk;/ "Maf;fiyfs; mWgj;jp ehd;F"
vd;gh;/ mtw;wpy; n$hjplf; fiya[k; xd;W vd;gjhy; ,r; n$hjplf;fiy kdpj thH;tpy; Kf;fpa m’;fk; vd;gJ bjhpatUk;/

"fw;wJ ifkz;zst[. fy;yhjJ cyfst[" Mfnt gw;gy E}y;fisf; fw;W. rpe;jpj;J jdJ mDgt’;fisf; bfhz;L
Muha;r;rp bra;J ,f;fiyia bjhpe;J bfhs;s ntz;Lk;/ gog;gjdhy; kl;Lk; xUtd; n$hjpldhfptpl KoahJ/ cyf
mDgt’;fSlDk; $hjf’;fisg; ghh;j;J mtw;iwg; gw;wp rpe;jpj;jhy;jhd; gy cz;ikfs; bjhpa tUk;/ mjdhy; mwpit
mgptpUj;jp bra;J bfhs;s ntz;Lk;/

n$hjplk; vd;gJ kdpjdpd; vjph;fhyj;ija[k;. thH;f;ifiaa[k;. Mnuhf;fpak; kw;Wk; ,d;g. Jd;g’;fisa[k; TWtjhFk;/ ,jw;Fnky;
kdpjdpd; jiybaGj;Jk;. tpjp vd;gJk; ,Uf;fpwJ/ mtdJ g{h;t b$d;k gyhgyd;fSk; ,Uf;fpd;wd/ ,it ,iwtdhy;
bfhLf;fg;gl;lit/ ,jpy; mnef bja;t ,ufrpa’;fSk; cz;L/ xUtUila tpjpia kw;wth; brhy;y ,ayhJ/ Mfnt ekf;F
,iwtdpd; nky; ek;gpf;ifa[k;. gf;jpa[k; ntz;Lk;/

bghJthf itj;jpah; xUth; xUtDila tpahjpiaf; fz;Lgpof;f nehahspia mUfpy; itj;J mtid gytpjkhf ghPl;irak;
bra;J. tpahjpahy; mtd; Jd;gg;gLtijg; ghh;j;Jk;. czh;j;Jk; mtDf;F vd;d tpahjp. ve;j ghfj;jpy; tpahjp njhd;wpaJ/ mjw;F
vd;d epth;j;J vd;W fhz;Lgpof;f Koahky; lhf;lh;fs; tpHpf;fpd;wdh;/ Mdhy; xUtDila thH;f;ifiaa[k;. vjph;fhyj;ija[k;.
ehk; epidj;Jg; ghh;f;fKoahj mstpy; mtdJ tpjpiaa[k;. jiybaGj;ija[k; vt;thW Tw Koa[k;> ,e;j b$d;kj;ij gw;wpna
ekf;F bjhpahjpUf;f g{h;tb$d;k ufrpa’;fs; vt;thW bjhpa[k;> ,tw;wpw;fhf ek; Kd;ndhh;fs; j’;fs; mDgt’;fshYk; ekJ
Muha;r;rpapd; gadhft[k; rpy bghJthd tpjpKiwfis ekf;F je;jUspa[s;sdh;. mJjhd; n$hjplk; vd;gjhFk;/

,e;J kjj;ij rhh;e;j bgw;nwhh;fs; bgUk;ghYk; $hjfg;bghUj;jk; ed;whf mike;jhy; kl;Lnk j’;fs; gps;isfSf;F jpUkzk;
bra;fpwhh;fs;. ntW kjj;ij rhh;e;jth;fspYk; xUrpyh; jpUkzj;jpw;F Kd; $hjfg; bghUj;jk;. thH;f;ifapd; epfH;fhyk;.
vjph;fhyj;ij gw;wp mwptija[k; tHf;fkhf bfhz;Ls;sdh;/ j’;fspd; tPl;od; Rg?fhhpa’;fs;. FLk;gj;jpw;fhd Rg?mRg ghpfhu
g{i$fs;. nfhtpy; jpUtpHhf;fs; nghd;wtw;iw elj;Jtjw;fhd jUz’;fis nfl;fpd;wdh;/ nkYk; j’;fs; thH;f;ifapy; ey;y
gyd;fs; bgw j’;fspd; gpwe;j ehs; gyDk;. j’;fSf;F mike;j bgah;fs; mjw;F rhjfkhf mike;Js;sjh> ,y;iybad;why;
mtw;iw vt;thW khw;wpaikj;Jf;bfhs;tJ> j’;fSf;F ve;j uj;jpu’;fs;. tz;z’;fs;. MFk; ehl;fs;. Mfh ehl;fs;. MFk; epu’;fs;.
Mfh epw’;fs;. jdf;F cjt[k; egh;fs; ve;j vz;zpy; gpwe;jth;fshf ,Ug;gh;. jP’;F bra;gth; ve;j ehl;fspy; gpwe;jth;fshf ,Ug;gh;
vd;Wk;. mjw;F VnjDk; ve;jpuk; kw;Wk; ke;jpu’;fs; cz;lh> vd;W nfl;L tUfpwhh;fs;/ ,jd; K:yk; $hjfg; gyd;; ghh;f;f
ntz;oajpd; mtrpaj;ija[k;. cld; vz;zpay; n$hjplk; fhz ntz;oajd; mtrpaj;ija[k; czu KofpwJ/

jrhk;r rf;fuk; $hjfhpd; bfsutk;. mjpfhuk;. rKjhaj;jpy; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; bgWjy; Kjyhdtw;iw Fwpf;Fk;/ jrhk;rk; rKjha me;j!;J.
bry;ttsk;. btw;wp bgWjy;. ngUk; g[fGk; bgWjy; nghd;wtw;Wf;F cjt[tJ MFk;/ nkYk; $hjfh; jdJ KG Mw;wiya[k; gad;gLj;jp
bray;gLtjhy; fpilf;Fk; Kd;ndw;wk;. tskhd thH;f;if gw;wpa[k; Fwpg;gpLtJ MFk;/ jrhk;rk; rf;fuk; mog;gilapy; ,uhrp rf;fuj;jpd;
10?Mk; ghtj;jpd; tpsf;ft[iu MFk;/ nkYk; $hjfj;jpy; 10?k; ghtk; jrk nfe;jpuk;. thd;cr;rptPL vd;W bgUika[ld; miHf;fg;gLk;/
10?Mk; ghtk; Kf;fpak; tha;e;j nfe;jpu tPL/ ,J $hjfhpd; fh;khitf; Fwpf;Fk;/ vdnt $hjfh; jdf;F jdJ $P5dj;jpd; K:yk; bghUis
njo rKjhaj;jpy; me;j!;J bgWjiya[k;. ghg’;fspypUe;J tpLjiy bgWjiya[k; Fwpf;Fk;/ nkYk; $hjfh; jhd; <LgLk; bjhHpy; my;yJ
ntiy Kaw;rpfspy; ve;j mst[ jpwika[ld; bray;gl;L ey;y bry;tr;nrh;f;if bgWthuh>. Kaw;rpfspy; ve;j mst[ btw;wp fpl;Lk;
vd;gija[k; fhl;Lk;/ jrhk;rk;; rf;fuk;; fzpj;J gyd;fs; mwpa[k; Kiwiaf; fw;Wf; bfhs;tnj ,e;j gFjpapd; nehf;fkhFk;/

ed;wp. tzf;fk;!

R. fUzhfud;. MA DTA DPCS

n$hjpc& rpnuhd;kzp & mwptpay; n$hjpl khkzp/

bgWnthk;; $hjf gyd; eph;zapf;Fk; n$hjpl “hdk;;

 Mh;/ fUzhfud;. MA, DTA, DPCS 3 jpahfuha efh;. brd;id ? 17/
n$hjpc& rpnuhd;kzp & mwptpay; n$hjpl khkzp kpd;d”;ry;: rkkaran.india@yahoo.com

$hjf gyd;fis eph;zapj;jy;

ghFjp ? 10 jrhk;rk;;

bghUslf;fk;

nehf;fk; ...............................................................................................................................................4

Kd;Diu.............................................................................................................................................4

jrhk;rk;; ...............................................................................................................................................4

jrhk;rk; rf;fuj;jpd; mikg;g[..........................................................................................................4

jrhk;r rf;fuk;; fzpj;jy;; ...................................................................................................................5

$Ptd fhufh;fs;; ..................................................................................................................................5

jrhk;r rf;fuj;jpd; gyd;fs;..............................................................................................................5

jrhk;r rf;fuj;ij Muha[k; Kiw ...................................................................................................6

,uhrpr; rf;fuj;ij Muha;jy; ..................................................................................................6

jthk;rk; rf;fuj;ij Muha;jy;; ...............................................................................................6

Koa[iu ..............................................................................................................................................7

tpdhf;fs;;............................................................................................................................................7

ghh;it E}y;fs; ..................................................................................................................................7

fiyr; brhw;fs; ..................................................................................................................................7

Prepared By R.Karunakaran, MA DTA DPCS

Jyothisha Chironmani & Ariviyal Jothida Mamani

bgWnthk;; $hjf gyd; eph;zapf;Fk; n$hjpl “hdk;;

 Mh;/ fUzhfud;. MA, DTA, DPCS 4 jpahfuha efh;. brd;id ? 17/
n$hjpc& rpnuhd;kzp & mwptpay; n$hjpl khkzp kpd;d”;ry;: rkkaran.india@yahoo.com

jrhk;;rk;;
nehf;fk;
xU ,uhrp gy gphpt[fshfg; gphpf;fg;gLtij th;f;f’;fs; vd miHf;fg;gLfpwJ/ xU ,uhrp 10 rk gphpt[fshfg; gphpf;fg;gLtij jrhk;rk; vd
miHf;fpnwhk;/ rjhk;rk; rf;fuk; fzpj;J gyd;fs; mwpa[k; Kiwiaf; fw;Wf; bfhs;tnj ,e;j gFjpapd; nehf;fkhFk;/

Kd;Diu
xU ,uhrpapd; 30 :ia 10 rk ghf’;fshfg; gphpj;jhy; xU gphptpw;F 3 : MFk;/ xU ,uhrpapd; 1-10 vd;gJ jrhk;rk; MFk;/ xU $hjfhpd;
bjhHpy;. $Ptdk; vt;thW mika[k; vd;gij ,uhrpapy; 10?mk; ghtfKk;. th;f;f rf;fu’;fspy; jrhk;r rf;fuKk; bjspthf fhl;Lk;/
n$hjplg;gyd; TWk; epiyapy; xUthpd; bjhHpiy eph;zak; bra;a[k; ,e;j gFjp kpft[k; fc&;lkhd. mnj rkaj;jpy; rpwg;ghd xd;W MFk;/
10?Mk; ghtk; (njhHpy;) jrhk;r rf;fuk;. cyfpy; cs;s bjhHpy;Kiwfs; Mapu’;fSf;F nkw;gl;litfis midj;Jk; ,izj;J gyd;
Twntz;oa tprak; MFk;/ gpwhplk; nrit bra;tjw;nf gytpjkhd nghl;ofis re;jpf;f neUk;/ ,ijg;nghd;nw tpahghuk;. murpay;.
rKjhag;gzp. g[jpa mj;jpahtrpakhd bjhHpy;fs; MFk;/ $hjfh; mjpfkhd nghl;ofisa[k;. beUf;fofisa[k;. re;jpj;J jdJ jpwikia
btspf;fhl;l ntz;oa N:H;epiy cz;L/ vdnt xU $hjfUf;F bjhHpy; eph;zak; bra;a ntz;oa n$hjplh; kpft[k; fc&;lg;gl;L. jpwikahf
bray;gl;L me;j $hjfUf;F bghUj;jkhd bjhHpiy milahsk; fhl;l ntz;oaJ ,Uf;Fk;/ ve;j xU JiwapYk; jiyik Vw;Fk; jd;ik.
$hjfhpd; jpwik kw;Wk; ,iwtdpd; Mrpa[k; ey;y mjph;c&;lKk; njitg;gLk;/

jrhk;rk;;
jrhk;r rf;fuk; $hjfhpd; bfsutk;. mjpfhuk;. rKjhaj;jpy; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; bgWjy; Kjyhdtw;iw Fwpf;Fk;/ jrhk;rk; rKjha me;j!;J.
bry;ttsk;. btw;wp bgWjy;. ngUk; g[fGk; bgWjy; nghd;wtw;Wf;F cjt[tJ MFk;/ nkYk; $hjfh; jdJ KG Mw;wiya[k; gad;gLj;jp
bray;gLtjhy; fpilf;Fk; Kd;ndw;wk;. tskhd thH;f;if gw;wpa[k; Fwpg;gpLtJ MFk;/ jrhk;rk; rf;fuk; mog;gilapy; ,uhrp rf;fuj;jpd;
10?Mk; ghtj;jpd; tpsf;ft[iu MFk;/ nkYk; $hjfj;jpy; 10?k; ghtk; jrk nfe;jpuk;. thd;cr;rptPL vd;W bgUika[ld; miHf;fg;gLk;/
10?Mk; ghtk; Kf;fpak; tha;e;j nfe;jpu tPL/ ,J $hjfhpd; fh;khitf; Fwpf;Fk;/ vdnt $hjfh; jdf;F jdJ $P5dj;jpd; K:yk; bghUis
njo rKjhaj;jpy; me;j!;J bgWjiya[k;. ghg’;fspypUe;J tpLjiy bgWjiya[k; Fwpf;Fk;/ nkYk; $hjfh; jhd; <LgLk; bjhHpy; my;yJ
ntiy Kaw;rpfspy; ve;j mst[ jpwika[ld; bray;gl;L ey;y bry;tr;nrh;f;if bgWthuh>. Kaw;rpfspy; ve;j mst[ btw;wp fpl;Lk;
vd;gija[k; fhl;Lk;/

jrhk;rk; rf;fuj;jpd; mikg;g[

xU ,uhrpapd; 30 : 10 ? rk ghfkhf gphpf;fg;gl;L. ,e;j ghf’;fs; Mz; ,uhrpfshd nkc&k;. kpJdk;. rpk;kk;. Jyhk;. jDR. Fk;gk; Mfpa
,uhrpfshdhy; me;j ,uhrpapy; ,Ue;J Jt’;fp thpirahf 10?tJ ,uhrpapy; Koa[k;/ bgz; ,uhrpfshd hpc&gk;. flfk;. fd;dp. tpUr;rpfk;.
kfuk;. kPdk; Mfpa ,uhrpfspd; gphpt[fs; me;j ,uhrpf;F 9?tJ ,uhrp Kjy; bjhl’;fp thpirahf 10?ghf’;fSk; mika[k;/ xt;bthU
jrhk;rKk; Kf;fpakhd nfe;jpuk; MFk;/ vdnt 10?ghfj;Jf;Fk; Mz; ,uhrpfspy; fPH;f;fz;l njtijfs; mjpgjpfs; Mthh;fs;/ 1) ,e;jpud; 2)
mf;dp 3) akd; 4) ,uhr;rrd; 5) tUzd; 6) tha[ 7) Fngud; 8) ,c&d; 9) gpuk;kd; 10) Mde;jd;/ bgz; ,uhrpfspy; ,e;j thpir
jiyfPHhf bjhl’;fp mika[k;/

ghif?fiy nkc&k; hpc&gk; kpJdk; flfk; rpk;kk; fd;dp Jyhk; tpUr;rp jDR kfuk; Fk;gk; kPdk;
03-00 nkc&k; kfuk; kpJdk; kPdk; rpk;kk; hpc&gk; Jyhk; flfk; jDR fd;dp Fk;gk; tpUr;rp
06-00 hpc&gk; Fk;gk; flfk; nkc&k; fd;dp kpJdk; tpUr;rp rpk;kk; kfuk; Jyhk; kPdk; jDR
09-00 kpJdk; kPdk; rpk;kk; hpc&gk; Jyhk; flfk; jDR fd;dp Fk;gk; tpUr;rp nkc&k; kfuk;
12-00 flfk; nkc&k; fd;dp kpJdk; tpUr;rp rpk;kk; kfuk; Jyhk; kPdk; jDR hpc&gk; Fk;gk;
15-00 rpk;kk; hpc&gk; Jyhk; flfk; jDR fd;dp Fk;gk; tpUr;rp nkc&k; kfuk; kpJdk; kPdk;
18-00 fd;dp kpJdk; tpUr;rp rpk;kk; kfuk; Jyhk; kPdk; jDR hpc&gk; Fk;gk; flfk; nkc&k;
21-00 Jyhk; flfk; jDR fd;dp Fk;gk; tpUr;rp nkc&k; kfuk; kpJdk; kPdk; rpk;kk; hpc&gk;
24-00 tpUr;rp rpk;kk; kfuk; Jyhk; kPdk; jDR hpc&gk; Fk;gk; flfk; nkc&k; fd;dp kpJdk;
27-00 jDR fd;dp Fk;gk; tpUr;rp nkc&k; kfuk; kpJdk; kPdk; rpk;kk; hpc&gk; Jyhk; flfk;
30-00 kfuk; Jyhk; kPdk; jDR hpc&gk; Fk;gk; flfk; nkc&k; fd;dp kpJdk; tpUr;rp rpk;kk;

bgWnthk;; $hjf gyd; eph;zapf;Fk; n$hjpl “hdk;;

 Mh;/ fUzhfud;. MA, DTA, DPCS 5 jpahfuha efh;. brd;id ? 17/
n$hjpc& rpnuhd;kzp & mwptpay; n$hjpl khkzp kpd;d”;ry;: rkkaran.india@yahoo.com

jrhk;r rf;fuk;; fzpj;jy;;

th;f;fr; rf;fu’;fs; fzpf;Fk; ifnal;ilidf; bfhz;L vspa Kiwapy; jrhk;rk; fzpj;J tplyhk;/
nfhs;fs; ghif fiy ,uhrp ghif fiy
,yf;fpdk; 356 17 kPdk; 026 17
re; nfJ brt; g[j uhF N:hpad; 270 36 kfuk; 000 36
re;jpud; 027 12 nkc&k; 027 12
FU Rf; brt;tha; 250 37 jDR 010 37
g[jd; 253 43 jDR 013 43
uhrp jrhk;rk;
FU (t) 140 30 rpk;kk; 020 30
N:hp rdp FU(t) re; rdp Rf;fpud; 234 00 tpUr;rp 024 00
rdp 283 45 kfuk; 013 45
brt; uhF 255 18 jDR 015 18
Rf; nfJ N:hp
g[j uhF nfJ 075 18 kpJdk; 015 18

N:hpad; jir ,Ug;g[ 04 tUlk; 08 khjk; 26 ehl;fs;

$Ptd fhufh;fs;;
N:hpad; : mjpfhu gyk;. gjtp. muR m’;fPfhuk;. eph;thf mikg;g[. xU FGtplk; ,Ue;J ciHg;iga[k;. Cf;fj;ija[k; bgw;W
gyd; bgWjy;. murpay; murd;. ke;jphp nghd;w gjtpfis bgWjy;. muRld; xg;ge;jk;/

g[jd; : Muha;r;rpj; jpwd;. ngRtjw;Fk;. bjhlh;g[ bfhs;tjw;F vspjhf cs;s bra;jpfs; (Communication) jpwd;. tpahghuk;
my;yJ ntiyfspy; bry;tj;ij bgUf;Fk; bray;/

FU : neh;ik. mwpthw;wy;. tpahghuk; my;yJ ntiyfspy; Kd;ndw;wk;. rhh;t[ epiy/

rdp : ,aw;ifapy; rdp ,uhrp kz;lyj;jpd; 10?tJ. 11?tJ ,uhrpfis Ml;rp tPlhf bfhz;lJ/ fh;khfhufh;/ vdnt rdp
fod ciHg;g.[ ,Uk;g[. rpbkd;l;. ,ae;jpu’;fs;. tptrhak;. ntiyahl;fs; Fwpf;Fk;/

jrhk;r rf;fuj;ij Muha[k;nghJ. mh;j;j jphpnfhz tPLfshd 2?6?10 Mk; tPl;ila[k; ed;F ftdpf;f ntz;Lk;/ 7?Mk; ghtk; 10?Mk;
ghtj;Jf;F (ghtj;ghtk;) 10?Mk; ghtk; MFk;/ vdnt 7?Mk; tPl;ila[k; ed;F Muha ntz;Lk;/ 6?Mk; ghtk; moik (Service).
7?k; ghtk; tpahghuk;/ vdnt 6?Mk; tPL gyk; bgw;why; $hjfh; ey;y ntiyfspy; ,Uf;f Koa[k;/ 7?Mk; tPL gyk; bgw;why;
tpahghuj;jy; btw;wp fpilf;Fk;/ 7?Mk; tPl;oy; ePrk; bgw;w ghg nfhs; ,Ue;jhy;. rhjfh; moik ntiy bra;thh;/ 4?Mk; tPL
rhjfj;jpy; Kf;fpa nfe;jp tPL/ 4?mk; tPl;oy; cs;s nfhs; 10?tJ tPl;il rkrg;jk ghh;it ghh;f;Fk;/ vdnt 4?Mk; tPl;ila[k; ed;F
Muha ntz;Lk;/

$Ptdj;ijg; gw;wp gyd; Tw 5?Mk; tPL. 6?Mk; tPL nkYk; mtw;wpd; mjpgjpfisa[k; Muha ntz;Lk;/ 5?Mk; tPLk;/ mjd;
mjpgjpa[k; $Ptdj;Jf;F bfLjy; jty;yit/ Vbddpy; 5?Mk; tPL 10?Mk; tPl;ow;F 6?Mk; tPL 9?Mk; tPL/ mjph;c&;lk; 10?Mk;
tPl;ow;F juty;yJ/ 10 fh;kh my;yJ Kjyhsp. 9?Mk; tPL je;ij my;yJ tpjp/

jrhk;r rf;fuj;jpd; gyd;fs;

1) N:hpad;. g[jd;. FU. rdp Mfpa ehd;F fhufh;fs; kl;Lk; ,y;yhky;. re;jpud; bghJ $d bjhlh;g[. fw;gid tsk;. nkYk; n~hl;ly;.
kUe;Jg;bghUl;fs;. ghy;bghUl;fs; nghd;wtw;wpd; K:yk; bry;tk; jUk;/ brt;tha;. ,uhQqtk;. nghyP!;. tpisahl;L. mWitr;rpfpr;ir
kw;Wk; tPujPur; bray;fspy; <LgLj;Jk;/ Rf;fpud; FGthf ,ize;J ntiy bra;jy;. cs;Kfr; bray;ghL. bghGJnghf;F rk;ge;jkhd
bjhHpy;fs;. fiy. mHF nghd;wtw;wpd; K:yk; $Ptdk; elf;Fk;/ ,uhFt[k;. nfJt[k; ,wf;Fkjp kw;Wk; Vw;Wkjp. fzpdp rk;ge;jkhd
ntiyfisj; jUk;/

2) $hjfhpd; bjhHpy; eph;zak; bra;a[k; nghJ ,uhrp. jrhk;rk; ,uz;oYk; ,yf;fpdk;. 2?Mkplk;. 10?Mkplk; ,tw;wpy; cs;s nfhs;fs;.
,tw;wpy; mjpgjpfis Muha;e;J ,tw;wpy; gyk; mpfk; cs;s nfhspd; fhufk; rk;ge;jkhf bjhHpiy $hjfh; nkw;bfhs;thh;
vdj;bjspayhk;/ K:yj;jphpnfhz ,uhrpfSf;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; juyhk;/ nkYk; fhufh;fs; epiya[k; Kf;fpakhdjhFk;/

3) ,uhrp kz;lyj;jpd; 10?tJ ,uhrp kfuk;/ ,jd; mjpgjp rdp/ 10?Mk; tPL fh;k !;jhdk;/ 10?Mk; mjpgjp rdp fh;kfhufh;/ vdnt kfu
,uhrpa[k;. rdpa[k; ghgnfhs;fspdhy; ghjpg;gile;jhy; $hjfh; kpff;bfhoa. rl;ltpnuhjkhd. ,aw;iff;F g[wk;ghd fhhpa’;fis
$Ptdj;Jf;fhf nkw;bfhs;s nehpLk;/ nkYk; rdp ,yf;fpdk;. ,yf;fpdhjpgjp ,th;fSld; bjhlh;g[ bfhz;lhy; $hjfhpd; bghUshjhuk;
kpft[k; nkhrkhfp gpwiu mz;o thHntz;oa njit Vw;gLk;/ 10?Mkplk; kfu ,uhrpf;F rk;ge;jk; Vw;gl;lhy; $hjfh; flik czh;t[
cilath;. brt;thf;F gilj;jth;. nkYk; jdJ bjhHpypy; kpft[k; jpwika[ilath;/

bgWnthk;; $hjf gyd; eph;zapf;Fk; n$hjpl “hdk;;

 Mh;/ fUzhfud;. MA, DTA, DPCS 6 jpahfuha efh;. brd;id ? 17/
n$hjpc& rpnuhd;kzp & mwptpay; n$hjpl khkzp kpd;d”;ry;: rkkaran.india@yahoo.com

4) $hjfhpd; Kjyhspia gw;wpa tpgu’;fis 9?Mk; ,lk;. 9?Mk; mjpgjpiaa[k;. jdf;F fPH; kw;Wk; jd;Dld; ,ize;J gzpg[hpgth;fis
5?Mkplk;. 5?Mk; mjpgjp ,th;fisf; bfhz;L mwpayhk;/ 9?Mkplj;jpy; ghg nfhs;fspd; rk;ge;jk; Vw;gl;lhy; Kjyhspahy; Jd;gk;.
jd;khdk; ,Hf;f neUk;/ 9?Mkplk; Rg nfhs;fspd; rk;ge;jk ;Vw;gl;lhy; $hjfUf;F cjt[k; Kjyhsp fpilg;ghh;/

5) ,yf;fpdhjpgjp 9?Mkplj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy; $hjfnu Kjyhsp/ vdnt $hjfh; tpahghuk; bra;ayhk;/ 2?Mkplk; tpahghuk; bra;a
njitg;gLk; KjyPL Fwpf;Fk; !;jhdk;/ vdnt 2?Mkplj;Jf;F nfe;jpu’;fshd 5?8?11 Mkpl’;fs; $hjfh; tpahghuk; bra;a
njitg;gLk; gzk; tUk; tHpahFk;/ 5?8?11 Kiwna g’;Fjhuh;. gh’;fpy; fld;. Ra KjyPL Mfpatw;iwf; Fwpf;Fk;/

6) gpwg;g[ $hjfj;py; ,yf;fpdk; $hjfiua[k;. 6?Mk; ,lk; gpwhplk; nrit bra;jiya[k;. 9?Mk; ,lk; tpahghuj;ija[k;. 10?Mk; ,lk;
tpahghuj;jpd; :K:ykhf tUk; btw;wp kw;Wk; mjpfhuk; Kjyhdtw;iwa[k; Rl;of; fhl;Lk; ,l’;fshFk;/ nkw;fz;l ,l’;fSf;F 3?Mk;
,lk; mjhtJ 3?8?9 Mk; ,l’;fSk;. mjd; mjpgjpfSk; jdJ jpir g[j;jp fhy’;fspy; bjhHpYf;F ,ila{Wfisj; jUk;
fhuzpfshFk;/ 3?Mk; ,lk; FWfpa tpLg;g[. 12?Mk; ,lk; ePz;l tpLg;g[. 8?Mk; ,lk; gzpiaj; Jwj;jy; MFk;/

7) ,yf;fpdk; my;yJ re;jpuDf;F 6 my;yJ 10?Mk; ,l’;fspy; N:hpaDk;. rdpa[k; ,Ue;jhy;. cah;gjtpapy; cs;s mjpfhhpfSld; gpzf;F
Vw;gLk;/

8) jrhk;r rf;fuj;jpy; 10?k; ghtfj;jpy; ,uhF ,Ue;jhy; bry;t tsh;r;rpapy; Vw;wk; ,wf;fk; Vw;gLk;/ nkYk; $hjfhpd; bjhHpypy; mof;fo
khw;wk; fhzg;gLk;/

9) nfe;jpu’;fspy; ,Uf;Fk; nfhs;fspd; jpir g[j;jp fhy’;fspy; gzp cah;t[. mjpf ,uhgk; fpilf;Fk;/ 5. 9?Mk; mjpgjpfspd; jpir g[j;jp
fhy’;fspy; ez;gh;fs;. cah; mjpfhhpfs; K:yk; Mjut[k;. brt;tr;nrh;f;if Vw;gLk;/

10) 10?Mkplk;. 10?k; mjpgjp ,th;fSld; rdp my;yJ ght nfhs;fs; my;yJ ePrk; bgw;w nfhs; ,Ue;jhy; bjhHpy; tHpapy; JauKk;.
Jd;g’;fSk; Vw;gLk;/ kjpg;g[. khpahij. ghpR. ghuhl;Lfis ,Hf;f neUk;/

11) nfhr;rhuj;jpy; b$d;k ,uhrp (re;jpud; ,Uf;Fk; ,uhrp) apypUe;J rk;ge;jg;gl;l nfhs;fs; r”;rhpf;Fk; rkaj;jpy; jrhk;r rf;fuj;jpy;
gyd;fis bfhLf;Fk; fhyk; Jy;ypakhf bjhpatUk;/

jrhk;r rf;fuj;ij Muha[k; Kiw

nfhs;fs; ghif fiy
brt; re; g[j ,yf;fpdk; 093 25
FU Rf;
rdp uhF N:hpad; 279 04
re;jpud; 279 19
nfJ brt; brt;tha; 00 10
FU g[jd; 279 20
uhrp jrhk;rk;
N:hp re; FU 031 19
uhF rdp
g[j Rf; Rf;fpud; 279 28
rdp 00 29
N:hp nfJ uhF 124 21
nfJ 303 21
N:hp ? 00 tUlk; 03 khjk; 21 ehs;

,uhrpr; rf;fuj;ij Muha;jy;: ,yf;fpdk; flfk;/ ,yf;fpdhjpgjp re;jpud;. ,uz;lhkjpgjp N:hpad;. K:d;whkjpgjp g[jd;. ,yhghjpgjp
Rf;fpud; Mfpnahh; rg;jk nfe;jpuj;jpy; nrh;f;if bgw;W ,yf;fpdj;ij ghh;f;fpd;wdh;/ nkYk; $Ptd!;jhdhjpgjp brt;tha; Ml;rpgyk; bgw;W
,yf;fpdj;ij ghh;f;fpwJ/ 1. 2. 10. 11 Mfpa ghtfhjpgjpfs; ,yf;fpdj;Jld; bjhlh;g[ bfhs;tJ $hjfhpd; bjhHpy;tsk;. kfpH;;r;rp
Mfpatw;iw Fwpf;fpwJ/ nkYk; 3?k; mjpgjpapd; bjhlh;g[ ijhpaj;ij Fwpf;fpwJ/ 6. 9f;F mjpgjp FU 11?y; ,Ug;gJ rpwg;g[/ 6?k; mjpgjp
11?y; ,Ue;jhy; vjphpfspdhy; bry;tk; nrUk; mikg;g[ MFk;/ 10?k; ghtfj;jpy; 10?k; mjpgjp brt;tha[k; $Ptdfhufh; rdpa[k; nrh;f;if
bgw;wpUg;gJ rpwg;g[/ rdp ePrg’;fk; bgWfpwhh;/

jthk;rk; rf;fuj;ij Muha;jy;;: jrhk;rk; ,yf;fpdj;ij cr;rk; bgw;w 2. 5?k; mjpgjp FU ghh;g;gJ rpwg;g[/ ,yf;fpdhjpgjp 9?k;
ghtfj;jpy; cr;rk; bgw;w FUt[ld; nrh;f;if bgw;Wk; ijhpa !;jhdhjpgjp rdp kw;Wk; nfJtpd; ghh;it bgw;W mkh;e;Js;sJ/ $Ptd
!;jhdhjpgjp N:hpad;. brt;tha; kw;Wk; rdpapd; ghh;it bgw;Ws;sJ/ 10?k; ghthjpgjp 1. 3. 4. 6 bjhlh;g[ bgw;Ws;sjhy; ijhpak;. tPuk; kw;Wk;
cly; rf;jp njitg;gLk; bjhHpy; (a[j;jk;) vd;gij Rl;of; fhl;LfpwJ/ 5?k; mjpgjp kw;Wk; 9?k; mjpgjp ghpth;j;jid bgw;Wk; 5?k; mjpgjp
,yf;fpdj;Jld; bjhlh;g[ bfhs;tJ $Ptdk; tpisahl;L bjhlh;g[ bfhz;lJ vd czh;j;JfpwJ/ a[j;jk; + tpisahl;L = $hjfh; ky;a[j;j tPuh;
Mthh;/

bgWnthk;; $hjf gyd; eph;zapf;Fk; n$hjpl “hdk;;

 Mh;/ fUzhfud;. MA, DTA, DPCS 7 jpahfuha efh;. brd;id ? 17/
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Koa[iu
th;f;fr;rf;fu’;fspy; xd;whd jrhk;rk; rf;fuk; fzpj;J gyd;fs; eph;zapf;Fk; Kiwfis ,e;j ghlj;jpd; thapyhf fw;Ws;sPh;fs;/
thH;f ,e;jpa n$hjplk;
tsh;f jrhk;r rf;fu mwpa[k; Kiw!
tzf;fj;Jld;.

R. fUzhfud;
$hjpC& rpnuhd;kzp/ &
mwptpay; n$hjpl khkzp

tpdhf;fs;;
jrhk;rk;; vd;why; vd;d> tpsf;Ff

jrhk;rk; rf;fuj;jpd; gyd;fis tpthp

jrhk;rj;jpd; thapyhf bjhHpy; eph;zapf;Fk; Kiwfis tpthp

gpd;tUk; nfhs;fspd; epiyfSf;F jrhk;rk; rf;fuk; fzpj;J gyd;fis eph;zapf;ft[k;

,yf;fpdk; : 189 – 15 FU (t) : 165 -07

N:hpad; : 353 – 00 Rf;fpud;(t) : 345-00
re;jpud;; : 170 – 14 rdp : 303-22
brt;tha; : 086 – 48 ,uhF : 231-36
g[jd; : 325 – 18 nfJ : 051-36

ghh;it E}y;fs;
guhruh; ? ciu: fphp!; re;j; rh;kh. gpUfj; guhruh n~huh rh!;jpuk;. rhfh; gg;spnfrd;!;. g[Jjpy;yp

uh$;Fkhh;. th;fh!;. rhfh; gg;spnfrd;!;. g[Jjpy;yp

tp/nf/ brsj;hp & nf/uhn$c&; brsj;hp. b~s L !;lo otprdy; rhh;l;!;. rhfh; gg;spnfrd;!;. g[Jjpy;yp

vk;/tp/euehuhazd;. gpuk;khpc&p thf;fpak;. _ Kuhhp gg;spnfrd;!;. nryk;

gy tifahd n$hjpl ,iza js’;fs;

fiyr; brhw;fs;
jrhk;rk;; ? 10 gphpt[fs;

bgWnthk;; $hjf gyd; eph;zapf;Fk; n$hjpl “hdk;;